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• Mario González Ildelfonso

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1093

Apéndice 3 Datos termodinámicos a 1 atm y 25°C* Sustancias inorgánicas Sustancia

DH8f (kJ/mol)

DG8f (kJ/mol)

S8 (J/K ? mol)

Ag(s) Ag1(ac) AgCl(s) AgBr(s) AgI(s) AgNO3(s) Al(s) Al31(ac) AlCl3(s) Al2O3(s) As(s) AsO342(ac) AsH3(g) H3AsO4(s) Au(s) Au2O3(s) AuCl(s) AuCl3(s) B(s) B2O3(s) H3BO3(s) H3BO3(ac) Ba(s) Ba21(ac) BaO(s) BaCl2(s) BaSO4(s) BaCO3(s) Be(s) BeO(s) Br2(l ) Br2(g) Br2(ac) HBr(g) C(grafito) C(diamante) CO(g) CO2(g) CO2(ac)

0 105.9 2127.0 299.5 262.4 2123.1 0 2524.7 2705.6 21 669.8 0 2870.3 171.5 2900.4 0 80.8 235.2 2118.4 0 21 263.6 21 087.9 21067.8 0 2538.4 2558.2 2860.1 21 464.4 21 218.8 0 2610.9 0 30.91 2120.9 236.2 0 1.90 2110.5 2393.5 2412.9

0 77.1 2109.7 295.9 266.3 232.2 0 2481.2 2630.0 21 576.4 0 2635.97

42.7 73.9 96.1 107.1 114.2 140.9 28.3 2313.38 109.3 50.99 35.15 2144.77

0 163.2

0 21 184.1 2963.16 2963.3 0 2560.66 2528.4 2810.66 21 353.1 21 138.9 0 2581.58 0 3.11 2102.8 253.2 0 2.87 2137.3 2394.4 2386.2

47.7 125.5

6.5 54.0 89.58 159.8 66.9 12.55 70.3 125.5 132.2 112.1 9.5 14.1 152.3 245.3 80.7 198.48 5.69 2.4 197.9 213.6 121.3

* Las cantidades termodinámicas de los iones están basadas en los estados de referencia: DH°f [H1(ac)] 5 0, DG°f [H1(ac)] 5 0 y S°[H1(ac)] 5 0 (vea la página 784). (continúa)

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Apéndice 3

Sustancia CO232(ac) HCO2 3 (ac) H2CO3(ac) CS2(g) CS2(l) HCN(ac) CN2(ac) (NH2)2CO(s) (NH2)2CO(ac) Ca(s) Ca21(ac) CaO(s) Ca(OH)2(s) CaF2(s) CaCl2(s) CaSO4(s) CaCO3(s) Cd(s) Cd21(ac) CdO(s) CdCl2(s) CdSO4(s) Cl2(g) Cl2(ac) HCl(g) Co(s) Co21(ac) CoO(s) Cr(s) Cr21(ac) Cr2O3(s) CrO422(ac) Cr2O722(ac) Cs(s) Cs1(ac) Cu(s) Cu1(ac) Cu21(ac) CuO(s) Cu2O(s) CuCl(s) CuCl2(s) CuS(s) CuSO4(s) F2(g) F2(ac) HF(g) Fe(s)

DH8f (kJ/mol) 2676.3 2691.1 2699.7 115.3 87.3 105.4 151.0 2333.19 2319.2 0 2542.96 2635.6 2986.6 21 214.6 2794.96 21 432.69 21 206.9 0 272.38 2254.6 2389.1 2926.17 0 2167.2 292.3 0 267.36 2239.3 0 2138.9 21 128.4 2863.16 21 460.6 0 2247.69 0 51.88 64.39 2155.2 2166.69 2134.7 2205.85 248.5 2769.86 0 2329.1 2271.6 0

DG8f (kJ/mol)

S8 (J/K ? mol)

2528.1 2587.1 2623.2 65.1 63.6 112.1 165.69 2197.15 2203.84 0 2553.0 2604.2 2896.8 21 161.9 2750.19 21 320.3 21 128.8 0 277.7 2225.06 2342.59 2820.2 0 2131.2 295.27 0 251.46 2213.38 0

253.1 94.98 187.4 237.8 151.0 128.9 117.99 104.6 173.85 41.6 255.2 39.8 83.4 68.87 113.8 106.69 92.9 51.46 261.09 54.8 118.4 137.2 223.0 56.5 187.0 28.45 155.2 43.9 23.77

21 046.8 2706.26 21 257.29 0 2282.0 0 50.2 64.98 2127.2 2146.36 2118.8 ? 249.0 2661.9 0 2276.48 2270.7 0

81.17 38.49 213.8 82.8 133.05 33.3 226.4 299.6 43.5 100.8 91.6 ? 66.5 113.39 203.34 29.6 173.5 27.2

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Apéndice 3

Sustancia

DH8f (kJ/mol)

Fe21(ac) Fe31(ac) FeCl3(s) FeO(s) Fe2O3(s) Fe(OH)2(s) Fe(OH)3(s) H(g) H2(g) H1(ac) OH2(ac) H2O(l) H2O(g) H2O2(l) Hg(l) Hg21(ac) HgO(s) HgCl2(s) Hg2Cl2(s) HgS(s) HgSO4(s) Hg2SO4(s) I2(s) I2(g) I(g) I2(ac) HI(g) K(s) K1(ac) KOH(s) KCl(s) KClO3(s) KClO4(s) KBr(s) KI(s) KNO3(s) Li(s) Li1(ac) Li2O(s) LiOH(s) Mg(s) Mg21(ac) MgO(s) Mg(OH)2(s) MgCl2(s) MgSO4(s) MgCO3(s) Mn(s)

287.86 247.7 2400 2272.0 2822.2 2568.19 2824.25 218.2 0 0 2229.94 2285.8 2241.8 2187.6 0 290.7 2230.1 2264.9 258.16 2704.17 2741.99 0 62.25 106.6 255.9 25.9 0 2251.2 2425.85 2435.87 2391.20 2433.46 2392.17 2327.65 2492.7 0 2278.46 2595.8 2487.2 0 2461.96 2601.8 2924.66 2641.8 21 278.2 21 112.9 0

DG8f (kJ/mol)

S8 (J/K ? mol)

284.9 210.5 2334 2255.2 2741.0 2483.55 ? 203.2 0 0 2157.30 2237.2 2228.6 2118.1 0 2164.38 258.5

2113.39 2293.3 142.3 60.8 90.0 79.5 ? 114.6 131.0 0 210.5 69.9 188.7 ? 77.4

2210.66 248.8

196.2 77.8

2623.92 0 19.37 70.16 251.67 1.30 0 2282.28

200.75 116.7 260.6 180.7 109.37 206.3 63.6 102.5

2408.3 2289.9 2304.18 2379.2 2322.29 2393.1 0 2293.8 ? 2443.9 0 2456.0 2569.6 2833.75 2592.3 21 173.6 21 029.3 0

82.68 142.97 151.0 96.4 104.35 132.9 28.0 14.2 ? 50.2 32.5 2117.99 26.78 63.1 89.5 91.6 65.69 31.76

72.0

(continúa)

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Apéndice 3

Sustancia Mn21(ac) MnO2(s) N2(g) N2 3 (ac) NH3(g) NH1 4 (ac) NH4Cl(s) NH4NO3(s) NH3(ac) N2H4(l) NO(g) NO2(g) N2O4(g) N2O(g) HNO2(ac) HNO3(l) NO2 3 (ac) Na(s) Na1(ac) Na2O(s) NaCl(s) NaI(s) Na2SO4(s) NaNO3(s) Na2CO3(s) NaHCO3(s) Ni(s) Ni21(ac) NiO(s) Ni(OH)2(s) O(g) O2(g) O3(ac) O3(g) P(blanco) P(rojo) PO342(ac) P4O10(s) PH3(g) HPO422(ac) H2PO2 4 (ac) Pb(s) Pb21(ac) PbO(s) PbO2(s) PbCl2(s) PbS(s) PbSO4(s)

DH8f (kJ/mol) 2218.8 2520.9 0 245.18 246.3 2132.80 2315.39 2365.6 280.3 50.4 90.4 33.85 9.66 81.56 2118.8 2173.2 2206.57 0 2239.66 2415.9 2411.0 2288.0 21 384.49 2466.68 21 130.9 2947.68 0 264.0 2244.35 2538.06 249.4 0 212.09 142.2 0 218.4 21 284.07 23 012.48 9.25 21 298.7 21 302.48 0 1.6 2217.86 2276.65 2359.2 294.3 2918.4

DG8f (kJ/mol)

S8 (J/K ? mol)

2223.4 2466.1 0 ? 216.6 279.5 2203.89 2184.0 226.5

283.68 53.1 191.5 ? 193.0 112.8 94.56 151 111.3

86.7 51.8 98.29 103.6 253.6 279.9 2110.5 0 2261.87 2376.56 2384.0

210.6 240.46 304.3 219.99 155.6 146.4 51.05 60.25 72.8 72.38

21 266.8 2365.89 21 047.67 2851.86 0 246.4 2216.3 2453.1 230.1 0 16.3 163.4 0 13.8 21 025.59

149.49 116.3 135.98 102.09 30.1 2159.4 38.58 79.5 160.95 205.0 110.88 237.6 44.0 29.3 2217.57

18.2 21 094.1 21 135.1 0 224.3 2188.49 2218.99 2313.97 292.68 2811.2

210.0 235.98 89.1 64.89 21.3 69.45 76.57 136.4 91.2 147.28

www.elsolucionario.org Apéndice 3

Sustancia

DH8f (kJ/mol)

Pt(s) PtCl242(ac) Rb(s) Rb1(ac) S(rómbico) S(monoclínico) SO2(g) SO3(g) SO232(ac) SO242(ac) H2S(g) HSO2 3 (ac) HSO2 4 (ac) H2SO4(l ) SF6(g) Si(s) SiO2(s) Sr(s) Sr21(ac) SrCl2(s) SrSO4(s) SrCO3(s) Zn(s) Zn21(ac) ZnO(s) ZnCl2(s) ZnS(s) ZnSO4(s)

DG8f (kJ/mol)

S8 (J/K ? mol)

0 2384.5 0 2282.2 0 0.10 2300.4 2370.4 2497.06 2741.99 233.0 2527.3 2752.87 ? ? 0 2805.0 0 2557.3 2781.15 21 334.28 21 137.6 0 2147.2 2318.2 2369.26 2198.3 2871.6

41.84 175.7 69.45 124.27 31.88 32.55 248.5 256.2 43.5 17.15 205.64 132.38 126.86 ? ? 18.70 41.84 54.39 239.33 117.15 121.75 97.07 41.6 2106.48 43.9 108.37 57.7 124.7

0 2516.3 0 2246.4 0 0.30 2296.4 2395.2 2624.25 2907.5 220.15 2627.98 2885.75 2811.3 21 096.2 0 2859.3 0 2545.5 2828.4 21 444.74 21 218.38 0 2152.4 2348.0 2415.89 2202.9 2978.6

Sustancias orgánicas Sustancia

Fórmula

Acetaldehído (g) Acetileno (g) Acetona (l) Ácido acético (l) Ácido fórmico (l) Benceno (l) Butano (g) Etano (g) Etanol (l) Etanol (g) Etileno (g) Glucosa (g) Metano (g) Metanol (l) Propano (g) Sacarosa (s)

CH3CHO C2H2 CH3COCH3 CH3COOH HCOOH C6H6 C4H10 C 2H6 C2H50H C2H50H C 2H4 C6H1206 CH4 CH3OH C 3H8 C12H22O11

DH8f (kJ/mol)

DG8f (kJ/mol)

S8 (J/K ? mol)

2166.35 226.6 2246.8 2484.2 2409.2 49.04 2124.7 284.7 2276.98 2235.1 52.3 21 274.5 274.85 2238.7 2103.9 22 221.7

2139.08 209.2 2153.55 2389.45 2346.0 124.5 215.7 232.89 2174.18 2168.5 68.1 2910.56 250.8 2166.3 223.5 21 544.3

264.2 200.8 198.7 159.8 129.0 172.8 310.0 229.5 161.0 282.7 219.5 212.1 186.2 126.8 269.9 360.2

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