Harvard Business Publishing Exam (Planning Communication) 1. 1) How can cognitive bias be harmful to communication? It c
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Harvard Business Publishing Exam (Planning Communication) 1. 1) How can cognitive bias be harmful to communication? It can distort people's views of a situation. 2) Which of the following is the function of an assumption?
It shows why the audience should believe the message.
It proves that the speaker or writer's conclusion is true.
It provides a logical link between different pieces of evidence.
It explains the meaning of the evidence.
It provides a logical connection between evidence and conclusion.
WRONG ANSWER IN BLUE 3. In business what is the most important tool for creating a persuasive message? Numbers Graphics Experience in persuasion Experience in communicating Reasoning 4.
Select the scenario in which a diagnostic argument could be most helpfuL A product manager is revising an outdated marketing plan.
An accounting manager must report on why Selling, General, and Administrative expenses have jumped recently. An accounting manager needs to write a report about the updated costs of three information technology systems.
5.Why is persuasion important in business?
It primarily helps people advance in their careers.
It's a skill that is good to have for the occasional times when managers need to convince people.
It is a catalyst for getting work done.
It lets people know what you think.
It is a fast way to produce the results you want.
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6.Which of the following questions is not used for organizing thinking about a communication?
What?
When?
How?
Who?
WRONG ANSWER IN BLUE 7. Understanding your audience will help you achieve the purpose of your communication.
True
False
8. The outline below is the most logical order of elements of a decision argument: I. Statement of Decision to be Made II. Statement of Criteria III. Statement of Recommendation IV. Statement of Decision Options V. Proof of Decision VI. Rebuttal of Other Options True False 9. Select the scenario in which a decision argument could be most helpful: A commercial real estate executive is writing a memo about the strengths and weaknesses of the firm's marketing program. The U.S. postal service faces an uncertain future. A postal official addresses an inhouse meeting about adapting the organization for the 21st century. A manager is presenting to a group of other senior technicians and product specialists. Her topic is the repeated failure of a part in one of the machines the company manufactures.
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10. You need to understand the purpose and audience before you start work on the message. True False 11. Select the statement that best states what a writer or speaker should know about using emotion in a message: How to elicit feelings in the audience that are favorable to his or her purpose Knowing the audience feelings that might help achieve the purpose Knowing the audience's feelings about the purpose All of the above 12. Is this statement an accurate assumption for the argument below: Players who could lose a year of their careers and suffer large financial losses should be allow to play in the upcoming season. Evidence The players in the soccer league will lose a year of their careers. The players will suffer large financial losses. Conclusion The players should be allowed to play in the upcoming season. True False 13. Select the item that is not a bias affecting communication: Anchoring Bias Availability Bias Quantitative Bias False Generalization Bias Representativeness Bias
14. When a situation or outcome needs a causal explanation, a diagnostic argument is needed. True False 15. Select the organizer most appropriate for the following informative message: An intern is preparing a report about the types of customer complaints received over the previous five years, for example, product malfunctions. The intern asks her manager for guidance on the organization of the information that would be most useful for the marketing department. What would the manager say? Process Chronology Hierarchy Frequency Level of difficulty
WRONG ANSWER IN BLUE 16. Character is the audience's perception of a speaker or writer. True False 17. What does informative communication do? Describes or explains something particularly important Tells a story Describes something Describes or explains some aspect of reality Explains how to do something
18. Select the evidence statement that does not help prove the conclusion: The balance sheet and cash flow metrics remain positive. The company has over $400 million in cash. The company has little debt and thus its interest payments are minimal. The share price has outperformed analysts' predictions. Operating cash flow has been growing in line with revenues, which should bring net cash per share to $2.25. The average number of days to collect cash after a sale is the best in the industry: below 30 days. 19. An assumption must be acceptable to the audience. True False 20. Select the question that best helps a communicator understand an audience: What does the audience know about the topic and how do they perceive the speaker/writer? How recently has the speaker/writer communicated with the audience and what were the results? How many people are in the audience and what impact does that have on communication? 21. What is the most important element of an evaluation argument? Quantitative evidence Balance Terms of the evaluation Number of pros and cons Criteria
22. Select the scenario in which an evaluation argument could be most helpful: A bank officer is preparing a list of the bank's 100 largest loans. The vice mayor for a large city is considering new approaches for convincing businesses to offer summer jobs to young people. An assistant general manager is planning a memo that compares the success of strategies competitors have been using. None of the above.
WRONG ANSWER IN BLUE 23. Select the statement that most accurately describes the role of emotion in communication: Emotions are present in everyone. Emotions can strongly influence how an audience reacts to a message. Emotions pose risks for communication and messages should avoid them. Emotions are critical to communication because they are more powerful than thoughts. Emotions usually are not a significant factor in business communication 24.What is persuasive communication?
Using language to motivate an audience to do what the communicator wants them to do
Using language to motivate an audience to think, feel, or act in the way the communicator intends
Any communication that seeks to change an audience's opinion of an issue
Using methods such as money and peer pressure to motivate an audience to think, feel, or act in the way the communicator intends A communication that uses words to produce an effect in the audience
WRONG ANSWER IN BLUE 25. Select the statement below that best explains how communicators can use character in a message: Understanding how to move the audience to the desired perception of the speaker or writer Understanding how to change their character so speakers and writers are perceived the way they want to be Understanding how superiors perceive the writer or speaker
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