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• Richard Magadia Jr

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Multicomponent Distillation (Fenske-Gilliland-Underwood Method) PRIMARY COLUMN Assumptions: 1 Interaction of solids to the bubble point of the solution is negligible Material Balance STREAM # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

COMPONENT Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids

Mass DISTILLATE

FEED m, kg/hr 403.4576 3,631.1182 44,875.2511 2,708.8416

xF 0.0078 0.0703 0.8694 0.0525

51,618.6686 Column Pressure Bubble point calculation FEED # Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 Solids 5 6 7 8

# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

DISTILLATE Component Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids

BOTTOMS Component Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids

m, kg/hr 399.5187 3,627.1793 8,203.0689

xD 0.0327 0.2966 0.6707 0.0000

12,229.7669

0.6 atm

P'I, atm

Tb,feed = Ki = P'i/P 6.2300 10.3833 1.2177 2.0295 0.5356 0.8927

Tb,dist = Ki = P'i/P

P'I, atm 4.6476 0.7644 0.3302

P'I, atm

83.40 oC xi

yi = Kixi 0.0078 0.0703 0.8694 0.0525

0.0812 0.1428 0.7761

Σ =

1.0000

71.64 oC xi 7.7459 1.2740 0.5503

Tb,bott = Ki = P'i/P 6.9710 11.6183 1.4526 2.4210 0.6435 1.0726

yi = Kixi 0.0327 0.2966 0.6707 0.0000

0.2530 0.3778 0.3691

Σ =

1.0000

88.11 oC xi

yi = Kixi 0.0001 0.0001 0.9310 0.0688

0.0012 0.0002 0.9986

8 Σ = Dew point calculation DISTILLATE # Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 Solids 5 6 7 8

Key components: # Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 Solids 5 6 7 8

Tb,bott = Ki = P'i/P

P'I, atm 4.6476 0.7644 0.3302

Key

71.64 oC yi 7.7459 1.2740 0.5503

Legend: LK LNK HK HNK

LNK LK HK HNK

1.0000

0.2530 0.3778 0.3691

xi = yi/Ki 0.0327 0.2966 0.6707

Σ =

1.0000

Light Key Light Non-Key Heavy Key Heavy Non-Key

Mean relative volatility, α

αij = Ki(LK)/Kj(HK) αFij αDij αBij αmeanij

2.2735 2.3151 2.2572 2.2818

Minimum number of stages, Nmin (Fenske equation)

Nmin

9.0887

Minimum number of stages (Winn's method) 1 βtop = KLK/(KHK)^θLK βLK/HK 2 βbottoms = KLK/(KHK)^θLK βLK/HK

Nmin Minimum Reflux, (L/D)min (Underwood method)

10.1745

2.2632 θLK

0.9620

2.2632 θLK

0.9620

Vapor fraction in the feed, 1-q = Underwood equation parameter, θ = Component α 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 Solids 5 6 7 8 *Divide Ki by KHK, such that αHK = 1 *θ should be between the α of components (L/D)min =

0.5 13.8868 zi 14.0760 2.3151 1.0000

αz/α-θ 0.0078 0.0703 0.8694 0.0525

xD 0.5815 -0.0141 -0.0675

0.0327 0.2966 0.6707 0.0000

0.5000

1.3192

Minimum Reflux for systems containing distributed nonkeys

Criterion: DR > 1 0 < DR < 1 DR < 0

Component is nondistributed; contained entirely in distillate. Component is distributed, DR is the recovery of the component in the distillate. Component is nondistributed; contained entirely in bottoms.

DXDLK/FzLK =

0.9989

DXDHK/FzHK =

0.1828

Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 Solids 5 6 7 8

DR

Remarks 8.2974 ND NK LK LK HK ND NK HK

αz/α-θ1

αz/α-θ2

1 Lmin + D = 2 Lmin + D = Lmin/D Reflux-stages relationships Gilliland method

YN+Y=N-Nmin (Y+Nmin)/(1-Y)=N X Y

0.0723 Rmin 0.5900 Nmin

R/Rmin 1.3192 R 9.0887 N

Eduljee method

Y Nmin N

0.5807442311 9.0887 (from Fenske method) 23.0634

Erbar-Maddox method R R/R+1 Rmin Rmin/Rmin+1 Nmin/N Nmin N

1.5 0.6 1.3192 (Winn's method) 0.5688 0.44 10.1745 (Underwood method) 23.1238

Feed stage location (Kirkbridge's method)

NR/NS N NS NR

0.0566 24.0000 22.7137 1.2863

Feed stage location (Fenske method)

αmid αbott αav,bot SS Nmin,S N Nmin NS NR SUMMARY Column Pressure Feed Temp Distillate Temp Bottoms Temp αmean Min Stages, Nmin Fenske Winn's (L/D)min Total Stages, N Gilliland Eduljee Erbar-Maddox Feed stage Kirkbridge, NS Kirkbridge, NR Fenske, NS Fenske, NR

2.2735 2.2572 2.2653 6.6245 8.1012 24.0000 9.0887 21.3923 2.6077

0.6 atm 83.40 oC 71.64 oC 88.11 oC 2.2818 9.0887 10.1745 R 1.3192 (Underwood) 23.6067 23.0634 23.1238 R 22.7137 R 1.2863 R 21.3923 2.6077

23.9625071377

BOTTOMS m, kg/hr 3.9389 3.9389 36,672.1823 2,708.8416

39,388.9017

Mole DISTILLATE

FEED xB 0.0001 0.0001 0.9310 0.0688

n, mol/hr 9158.5502 78819.1239 2490993.6794 10564.0810

mole frac 0.0035 0.0304 0.9619 0.0041

2589535.4345

n 9069.1367 78733.6241 455346.5923

543149.3532

356.55 K yi 0.0812 0.1428 0.7761

344.79 K yi 0.2530 0.3778 0.3691

361.26 K yi 0.0012 0.0002 0.9986

DO NOT DELETE Solver algorithm save file Step 1 Step 2 1.0000 4 1 0 1 1 1000

1.0000 6 1 0 1 1 0 1 1000

344.79 K xi 0.0327 0.2966 0.6707

αxD/α-θ 2.4305 -0.0593 -0.0520

2.3192

(Molokanov, et al., 1972) Gilliland correlation

1.25 1.6489 23.6067

LHS RHS N

0.529343941 0.5826844723 23.1753011971

Mole DISTILLATE

Volume BOTTOMS mole frac 0.0167 0.1450 0.8383

n 89.4134 85.4998 2035647.0871 10564.0810

2046386.0813

FEED mole frac 0.0000 0.0000 0.9948 0.0052

W

vol frac

0.0000

Molar Mass, MM Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids * 1 lbmol to 453.59237 gmol

Volume DISTILLATE W

BOTTOMS vol frac

W

0.0000

44.0526 g/mol 46.0690 g/mol 18.0150 g/mol 256.4200 g/mol

vol frac

0.0000

(lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol)

Assumed value

Project: Ethanol Dehydration Column By: Engr. Richard V. Magadia, Jr

Biofuels Team, Department of Chemical Engineering University of the Philippines Los Baños

PHYSICAL DATA FOR ETHANOL AND WATER

V

L

f E

o

E r

O t

H

H /

O 2

s

y

t s

e

m

@ 1

a

m t

Molar Mass, MM Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids

44.0526 g/mol 46.0690 g/mol 18.0150 g/mol g/mol

(lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol)

Viscosity, μ Calculated viscosities for each stream Temp, K

356.55

344.79

361.26

Feed 0.1422

Distillate 0.1529

Bottoms 0.1383

LNK

0.1445

0.0001

Ethanol

0.4069

0.4857

0.3800

LNK

0.4242

0.0003

Water

0.3401

0.3984

0.3207

HK

0.3531

0.0002

Component Acetaldehyde μ, cP

Solids Note: 1 cP = 1000 Pa-s = 1000 (N-s)/m2

μave, cP

HNK

Liquid Density, ρL

Distillate Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Temp, oC 71.6380 71.6380 71.6380

Temp, K 344.7880 344.7880 344.7880

ρ, lb/ft3 44.2600 46.2978 61.0056

ρL =

55.1299

Temp, K 361.2579 361.2579 361.2579

ρ, lb/ft3 42.6484 45.2259 60.4708

ρL =

64.9313

Bottoms Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Temp, oC 88.1079 88.1079 88.1079

Vapor Density, ρv Using the ideal gas equation,

Distillate mass frac Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids

0.0327 0.2966 0.6707 0.0000

Mwmix, lb/lbmol 44.0526 46.0690 18.0150 0.0000 33.7883

Temp, oC Temp, R ρv

71.6380 620.5084 0.2238 lb/ft3

0.0001 0.0001 0.9310 0.0000

Mwmix, lb/lbmol 44.0526 46.0690 18.0150 0.0000 18.9550

Temp, oC Temp, R ρv

88.1079 650.1542 0.1198 lb/ft3

Bottoms mass frac Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids

Enthalpies

Distillate Acetaldehyde

μave, lb/ft-s

Multicomponent Distillation (Fenske-Gilliland-Underwood Method) DEALDEHYDE COLUMN Assumptions:

Material Balance STREAM # COMPONENT 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7 8

FEED m, kg/hr 399.5187 3627.1793 8203.0689

xF 0.0327 0.2966 0.6707

12229.7669 Column Pressure Bubble point calculation FEED # Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7 8

DISTILLATE # Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7 8

BOTTOMS # Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7

Mass DISTILLATE m, kg/hr xD 399.5069 0.1330 0.0122 0.0000 2603.9831 0.8670

3003.5022

0.25 atm

P'I, atm 2.5507 0.2892 0.1206

P'I, atm 1.5438 0.1268 0.0515

P'I, atm 3.0415 0.3853 0.1623

Tb,feed = Ki = P'i/P 10.2029 1.1566 0.4825

Tb,dist = Ki = P'i/P

49.79 oC xi 0.0327 0.2966 0.6707

yi = Kixi 0.3333 0.3430 0.3237

Σ =

1.0000

33.63 oC xi 6.1753 0.5073 0.2060

Tb,bott = Ki = P'i/P 12.1659 1.5412 0.6494

0.1330 0.0000 0.8670

yi = Kixi 0.8214 0.0000 0.1786

Σ =

1.0000

55.90 oC xi 0.0000 0.3931 0.6069

yi = Kixi 0.0000 0.6059 0.3941

8 Σ = Dew point calculation DISTILLATE # Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7 8

Key components: # Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7 8

P'I, atm 1.5438 0.1268 0.0515

Key

Tb,bott = Ki = P'i/P

33.63 oC yi 6.1753 0.5073 0.2060

Legend: LK LNK HK HNK

LK HK HNK

1.0000

0.8214 0.0000 0.1786

xi = yi/Ki 0.1330 0.0000 0.8670

Σ =

1.0000

Light Key Light Non-Key Heavy Key Heavy Non-Key

Mean relative volatility, α

αij = Ki(LK)/Kj(HK) αFij αDij αBij αmeanij

8.821237472 12.174030695 7.8936417707 9.4641243918

Minimum number of plates, Nmin (Fenske equation)

Nmin

9.2457532619

Minimum number of stages (Winn's method) 1 βtop = KLK/(KHK)^θLK βLK/HK 2 βbottoms = KLK/(KHK)^θLK βLK/HK

Nmin

8.3022

Minimum Reflux, (L/D)min (Underwood method)

9.3437 θLK

0.6102

9.3437 θLK

0.6102

Vapor fraction in the feed, 1-q = Underwood equation parameter, θ = Component α 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7 8 *Divide Ki by KHK, such that αHK = 1 *θ should be between the α of components (L/D)min =

0.5 28.2067 zi 29.9775 2.4624 1.0000

αz/α-θ 0.0327 0.2966 0.6707

xD 0.5530 -0.0284 -0.0247

0.1330 0.0000 0.8670

0.5000

1.2199

Minimum Reflux for systems containing distributed nonkeys

Criterion: DR > 1 0 < DR < 1 DR < 0

Component is nondistributed; contained entirely in distillate. Component is distributed, DR is the recovery of the component in the distillate. Component is nondistributed; contained entirely in bottoms.

DXDLK/FzLK =

1.0000

DXDHK/FzHK =

0.0000

Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7 8

DR

Remarks 19.8142 ND NK LK LK HK ND NK HK

αz/α-θ1

αz/α-θ2

1 Lmin + D = 2 Lmin + D = Lmin/D Reflux-stages relationships Gilliland method

YN+Y=N-Nmin (Y+Nmin)/(1-Y)=N X Y

0.1120 Rmin 0.5250 Nmin

R/Rmin 1.2199 R 9.2458 N

Eduljee method

Y Nmin N

0.5330982345 9.2458 (from Fenske method) 20.9441

Erbar-Maddox method R R/R+1 Rmin Rmin/Rmin+1 Nmin/N Nmin N

1.5 0.6 1.2199 (Winn's method) 0.5495 0.5 8.3022 (Underwood method) 16.6043

Feed stage location (Kirkbridge's method)

NR/NS N NS NR

1.0762 17.0000 8.1879 8.8121

Feed stage location (Fenske method)

αmid αbott αav,bot SS Nmin,S N Nmin NS NR SUMMARY Column Pressure Feed Temp Distillate Temp Bottoms Temp αmean Min Stages, Nmin Fenske Winn's (L/D)min Total Stages, N Gilliland Eduljee Erbar-Maddox Feed stage Kirkbridge, NS Kirkbridge, NR Fenske, NS Fenske, NR

8.8212 7.8936 8.3574 10.4274 4.9113 17.0000 9.2458 9.0302 7.9698

0.25 atm 49.79 oC 33.63 oC 55.90 oC 9.4641 9.2458 8.3022 R 1.2199 (Underwood) 20.5700 20.9441 16.6043 R 8.1879 R 8.8121 R 9.0302 7.9698

43.6955797732

BOTTOMS m, kg/hr 0.0118 3627.1671 5599.0858

9226.2647

FEED xB 0.0000 0.3931 0.6069

n 9069.1367 78733.6241 455346.5923

543149.3532

mole frac 0.0167 0.1450 0.8383

Mole DISTILLATE n mole frac 9068.8682 0.0590 0.2655 0.0000 144545.2719 0.9410

153614.4056

322.94 K yi 0.3333 0.3430 0.3237

306.78 K yi 0.8214 0.0000 0.1786

329.05 K yi 0.0000 0.6059 0.3941

DO NOT DELETE Solver algorithm save file Step 1 Step 2 1.0000 4 1 1 0 1 1000

0.6102 6 1 1 0 1 1 1 10000

306.78 K xi 0.1330 0.0000 0.8670

αxD/α-θ 2.2517 0.0000 -0.0319

2.2199

1.5 1.8298 20.5700

BOTTOMS n mole frac 0.2685 0.0000 78733.3587 0.2021 310801.3204 0.7979

389534.9476

Volume DISTILLATE

FEED W

vol frac

0.0000

W

vol frac

0.0000

Molar Mass, MM Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids * 1 lbmol to 453.59237 gmol

44.0526 g/mol 46.0690 g/mol 18.0150 g/mol 256.4200 g/mol

BOTTOMS W

vol frac

0.0000

(lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol)

Project: Ethanol Dehydration Column By: Engr. Richard V. Magadia, Jr

Biofuels Team, Department of Chemical Engineering University of the Philippines Los Baños

PHYSICAL DATA FOR ETHANOL AND WATER

V

L

f E

o

E r

O t

H

H /

O 2

s

y

t s

e

m

@ 1

a

m t

Molar Mass, MM Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids

44.0526 g/mol 46.0690 g/mol 18.0150 g/mol g/mol

(lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol)

Viscosity, μ Calculated viscosities for each stream Temp, K

322.94

306.78

329.05

Feed 0.1773

Distillate 0.2005

Bottoms 0.1698

LNK

0.1825

0.0001

Ethanol

0.6910

0.9176

0.6240

LNK

0.7442

0.0005

Water

0.5616

0.7605

0.5066

HK

0.6096

0.0004

Component Acetaldehyde μ, cP

Solids Note: 1 cP = 1000 Pa-s = 1000 (N-s)/m2

μave, cP

HNK

Liquid Density, ρL

Distillate Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Temp, oC 33.6324 33.6324 33.6324

Temp, K 306.7824 306.7824 306.7824

ρ, lb/ft3 47.6381 48.5755 62.0816

ρL =

59.6749

Temp, K 329.0469 329.0469 329.0469

ρ, lb/ft3 45.7092 47.2712 61.5011

ρL =

54.9930

Bottoms Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Temp, oC 55.8969 55.8969 55.8969

Vapor Density, ρv Using the ideal gas equation,

Distillate mass frac Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids

Mwmix, lb/lbmol 44.0526 46.0690 18.0150 0.0000 24.7418

Temp, oC Temp, R ρv

33.6324 552.0983 0.1842 lb/ft3

mass frac Mwmix, lb/lbmol 1.2822371763E-006 44.0526 0.3931349481 46.0690 0.6069 18.0150 0.0000 0.0000 36.7333

Temp, oC Temp, R ρv

55.8969 592.1745 0.2549 lb/ft3

0.1330 0.0000 0.8670

Bottoms Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids

Enthalpies

Distillate Acetaldehyde

μave, lb/ft-s

Multicomponent Distillation (Fenske-Gilliland-Underwood Method) RECTIFYING COLUMN Assumptions:

Material Balance STREAM # COMPONENT 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7 8

FEED m, kg/hr 0.0118 3627.1789 8203.0689

xF 0.0000 0.3066 0.6934

11830.2596 Column Pressure Bubble point calculation FEED # Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7 8

DISTILLATE # Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7 8

BOTTOMS # Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7

Mass DISTILLATE m, kg/hr xD 0.0118 0.0000 3626.5485 0.9377 241.0565 0.0623

3867.6169

3 atm

P'I, atm 15.2884 4.7563 2.2234

P'I, atm 11.4450 3.1049 1.4219

P'I, atm 18.6612 6.3239 2.9997

Tb,feed = Ki = P'i/P

124.08 oC xi 5.0961 1.5854 0.7411

Tb,dist = Ki = P'i/P

0.0000 0.3066 0.6934

yi = Kixi 0.0000 0.4861 0.5139

Σ =

1.0000

110.20 oC xi 3.8150 1.0350 0.4740

Tb,bott = Ki = P'i/P

0.0000 0.9377 0.0623

yi = Kixi 0.0000 0.9704 0.0295

Σ =

1.0000

134.04 oC xi 6.2204 2.1080 0.9999

0.0000 0.0001 0.9999

yi = Kixi 0.0000 0.0002 0.9998

8 Σ = Dew point calculation DISTILLATE # Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7 8

Key components: # Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7 8

P'I, atm 11.4450 3.1049 1.4219

Key LK HK

Tb,bott = Ki = P'i/P

1.0000

110.20 oC yi 3.8150 1.0350 0.4740

Legend: LK LNK HK HNK

0.0000 0.9704 0.0295

xi = yi/Ki 0.0000 0.9377 0.0623

Σ =

1.0000

Light Key Light Non-Key Heavy Key Heavy Non-Key

Mean relative volatility, α

αij = Ki(LK)/Kj(HK) αFij αDij αBij αmeanij

3.2143362504 3.6861341828 2.9508830046 3.2699276671

Minimum number of plates, Nmin (Fenske equation)

Nmin

9.2592313379

Minimum number of stages (Winn's method) 1 βtop = KLK/(KHK)^θLK βLK/HK 2 βbottoms = KLK/(KHK)^θLK βLK/HK

Nmin

16.1222

Minimum Reflux, (L/D)min (Underwood method)

2.1082 θLK

0.9529

2.1082 θLK

0.9529

Vapor fraction in the feed, 1-q = Underwood equation parameter, θ = Component α 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7 8 *Divide Ki by KHK, such that αHK = 1 *θ should be between the α of components (L/D)min =

0.5 1.7242 zi 8.0490 2.1836 1.0000

αz/α-θ 0.0000 0.3066 0.6934

xD 0.0000 1.4574 -0.9574

0.0000 0.9377 0.0623

0.5000

3.3712

Minimum Reflux for systems containing distributed nonkeys

Criterion: DR > 1 0 < DR < 1 DR < 0

Component is nondistributed; contained entirely in distillate. Component is distributed, DR is the recovery of the component in the distillate. Component is nondistributed; contained entirely in bottoms.

DXDLK/FzLK =

0.9998

DXDHK/FzHK =

0.0294

Component 1 Acetaldehyde 2 Ethanol 3 Water 4 5 6 7 8

DR

Remarks 5.8090 ND NK LK LK HK ND NK HK

αz/α-θ1

αz/α-θ2

1 Lmin + D = 2 Lmin + D = Lmin/D Reflux-stages relationships Gilliland method

YN+Y=N-Nmin (Y+Nmin)/(1-Y)=N X Y

0.2783 Rmin 0.7000 Nmin

R/Rmin 3.3712 R 9.2592 N

Eduljee method

Y Nmin N

0.3867465351 9.2592 (from Fenske method) 15.7292

Erbar-Maddox method R R/R+1 Rmin Rmin/Rmin+1 Nmin/N Nmin N

5.0567 0.83489463 3.3712 (Winn's method) 0.7712 0.54 16.1222 (Underwood method) 29.8559

Feed stage location (Kirkbridge's method)

NR/NS N NS NR

0.0880 30.0000 27.5739 2.4261

Feed stage location (Fenske method)

αmid αbott αav,bot SS Nmin,S N Nmin NS NR SUMMARY Column Pressure Feed Temp Distillate Temp Bottoms Temp αmean Min Stages, Nmin Fenske Winn's (L/D)min Total Stages, N Gilliland Eduljee Erbar-Maddox Feed stage Kirkbridge, NS Kirkbridge, NR Fenske, NS Fenske, NR

3.2143 2.9509 3.0826 8.6277 7.6638 30.0000 9.2592 24.8309 5.1691

3 atm 124.08 oC 110.20 oC 134.04 oC 3.2699 9.2592 16.1222 R 3.3712 (Underwood) 33.1974 15.7292 29.8559 R 27.5739 R 2.4261 R 24.8309 5.1691

66.3464581923

BOTTOMS m, kg/hr 0.6304 7962.0123

7962.6428

FEED xB

n 0.0000 0.0001 0.9999

0.2685 78733.6155 455346.5923

mole frac 0.0000 0.1474 0.8526

534080.4763

Mole DISTILLATE n mole frac 0.2685 0.0000 78719.9312 0.8547 13380.8780 0.1453

92101.0777

397.23 K yi 0.0000 0.4861 0.5139

383.35 K yi 0.0000 0.9704 0.0295

407.19 K yi 0.0000 0.0002 0.9998

DO NOT DELETE Solver algorithm save file Step 1 Step 2 1.0000 4 1 1 0 0 1000

1.0000 6 1 1 0 0 0 1 1000

383.35 K xi 0.0000 0.9377 0.0623

αxD/α-θ 0.0000 4.4572 -0.0861

4.3712

1.5 5.0567 33.1974

BOTTOMS n mole frac 0.0000 0.0000 13.6843 0.0000 441965.7144 1.0000

441979.3987

Volume DISTILLATE

FEED W

vol frac

0.0000

W

vol frac

0.0000

Molar Mass, MM Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids * 1 lbmol to 453.59237 gmol

44.0526 g/mol 46.0690 g/mol 18.0150 g/mol 256.4200 g/mol

BOTTOMS W

vol frac

0.0000

(lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol)

Project: Ethanol Dehydration Column By: Engr. Richard V. Magadia, Jr

Biofuels Team, Department of Chemical Engineering University of the Philippines Los Baños

PHYSICAL DATA FOR ETHANOL AND WATER

V

L

f E

o

E r

O t

H

H /

O 2

s

y

t s

e

m

@ 1

a

m t

Molar Mass, MM Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids

44.0526 g/mol 46.0690 g/mol 18.0150 g/mol g/mol

(lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol) (lb/lbmol)

Viscosity, μ Calculated viscosities for each stream Temp, K

397.23

383.35

407.19

Feed 0.1145

Distillate 0.1226

Bottoms 0.1093

LNK

0.1155

0.0001

Ethanol

0.2340

0.2800

0.2068

LNK

0.2403

0.0002

Water

0.2204

0.2512

0.2026

HK

0.2247

0.0002

Component Acetaldehyde μ, cP

Solids Note: 1 cP = 1000 Pa-s = 1000 (N-s)/m2

μave, cP

HNK

Liquid Density, ρL

Distillate Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Temp, oC 110.1975 110.1975 110.1975

Temp, K 383.3475 383.3475 383.3475

ρ, lb/ft3 40.2870 43.6843 59.8219

ρL =

44.4313

Temp, K 407.1921 407.1921 407.1921

ρ, lb/ft3 37.3613 41.8489 59.3496

ρL =

59.3476

Bottoms Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Temp, oC 134.0421 134.0421 134.0421

Vapor Density, ρv Using the ideal gas equation,

Distillate mass frac Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids

0.0000 0.9377 0.0623

Mwmix, lb/lbmol 44.0526 46.0690 18.0150 0.0000 61.2750

Temp, oC Temp, R ρv

110.1975 689.9154 0.3650 lb/ft3

Mwmix, lb/lbmol 44.0526 46.0690 18.0150 0.0000 19.0186

Temp, oC Temp, R ρv

134.0421 732.8358 0.1067 lb/ft3

Bottoms mass frac Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Solids

Enthalpies

Distillate Acetaldehyde

0 7.9172499869E-005 0.9999 0.0000

μave, lb/ft-s

DENSITY EQUATION CONSTANTS Component mol wt C1 Ethanol 46.0690 1.6480 Water 18.0150 5.4590 Water 18.0150 4.9669 Water 18.0150 4.3910 *Table 2-2. Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook 7th ed.

C2

C3 513.9200 647.1300 647.1300 647.1300

0.2763 0.3054 0.2779 0.2478

Temp (oC)

C4 0.2331 0.0810 0.1874 0.2534

Temp (oC) 83.40

0.729478 0.978602 0.969432 0.997087

71.64

0.7416447049 0.9821102135 0.977439195 1.0086294694

DIPPR801 Equation Parameters (Density in kg/m 3, T in K) No. Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Primary Column Feed Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

A

B

1.7114E+00 1.6288E+00 1.7863E+01 -1.39E+01

Temp, oC

2.6355E-01 2.7469E-01 5.8606E+01 6.40E-01

ρ, g/cm3 83.3997 83.3997 356.5497

Distillate Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Temp, oC

Bottoms Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Temp, oC

C

ρ, g/cm3

Density of mixture (based on mole frac): Components

x

44.2600 46.2978 61.0056 Kelvin

Distillate Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

42.6484 45.2259 60.4708 Kelvin

Bottoms Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

ρ, lb/ft3 0.6832 0.7244 0.9686

Density 0.50 0.50 0.8289391521 g/cm3

-1.4126E+02

43.1203 45.5384 60.6222 Kelvin ρ, lb/ft3

0.7090 0.7416 0.9772

2.8571E-01 2.3178E-01 2.1389E+02 1.82E-06

E

Dealdehyde Column Feed Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

ρ, lb/ft3

ρ, g/cm3

88.1079 88.1079 361.2579

4.6600E+02 5.1400E+02 -9.5396E+01 -1.91E-03

0.6907 0.7295 0.9711

71.6380 71.6380 344.7880

D

Tmin, K 159.0500 273.1600 333.1500 403.1500

ρ at Tmin 19.4130 55.5830

Tmax, K 513.9200 333.1500 403.1500 647.1300

ρ at Tmax 5.9650 53.7030

Tmin, oC -114.1 0.01 60 130

Tmax, , oC 240.7700 60.0000 130.0000 373.9800

Temp (oC) 88.11

F

G

0.7244709848 0.9771648066 0.9661715775 0.9924072479

Tmin [K]

Tmax [K]

149.78 159.05 273.16

Temp, oC

ρ, g/cm3 49.7887 49.7887 322.9387

Temp, oC

ρ, g/cm3 33.6324 33.6324 306.7824

Temp, oC

ρ, g/cm3 55.8969 55.8969 329.0469

Temp, oC 124.0802 124.0802 397.2302

47.6381 48.5755 62.0816 Kelvin

Distillate Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Temp, oC 110.1975 110.1975 383.3475

45.7092 47.2712 61.5011 Kelvin

Bottoms Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Temp, oC 134.0421 134.0421 407.1921

ρ, lb/ft3 0.7322 0.7572 0.9852

-123.37 -114.1 0.01

46.2514 47.6369 61.6788 Kelvin ρ, lb/ft3

0.7631 0.7781 0.9945

Tmin [oC]

Rectifier Column Feed Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

ρ, lb/ft3 0.7409 0.7631 0.9880

466 514 647.096

Mol wt kg/kmol 44.05256 46.06844 18.01528

Acetaldehyde and ethanol Tmax [oC]

Equation:

192.85 240.85 373.946

ρ, g/cm3

Water

ρ, lb/ft3 0.6190 0.6830 0.9532

ρ, g/cm3

38.6439 42.6408 59.5079 ρ, lb/ft3

0.6453 0.6998 0.9583 ρ, g/cm3

40.2870 43.6843 59.8219 ρ, lb/ft3

0.5985 0.6704 0.9507

37.3613 41.8489 59.3496

LIQUID VISCOSITY DIPPR801 Equation Parameters (Viscosity in Pa*s, T in K) No. Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Primary Column Feed Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

A

B

-1.0976E+01 7.8750E+00 -5.2843E+01

Temp, oC

7.5512E+02 7.8198E+02 3.7036E+03

μ, Pa-s

Temp, oC

Bottoms Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Temp, oC

D

-3.0418E+00 5.8660E+00

-5.8790E-29

0.1422 0.4069 0.3401

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0014 0.0041 0.0034

0.1529 0.4857 0.3984

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0015 0.0049 0.0040

0.1383 0.3800 0.3207

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0014 0.0038 0.0032

μ, cP

83.3997 83.3997 83.3997

Distillate Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

C

0.0001 0.0004 0.0003 μ, Pa-s

μ, cP

71.6380 71.6380 71.6380

0.0002 0.0005 0.0004 μ, Pa-s

μ, cP

88.1079 88.1079 88.1079

0.0001 0.0004 0.0003

E

1.0000E+01

VAPOR VISCOSITY DIPPR801 Equation Parameters (Viscosity in Pa*s, T in K) No. Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Primary Column Feed Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

A

B

1.9703E-05 1.0613E-07 1.7096E-08

Temp, oC

1.7646E-01 8.0660E-01 1.1146E+00

μ, Pa-s 83.3997 83.3997 83.3997

Distillate Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Temp, oC

Bottoms Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Temp, oC

D

1.5646E+03 5.2700E+01

μ, cP 1.03E-05 1.02E-05 1.20E-05

μ, Pa-s 71.6380 71.6380 71.6380

0.0103 0.0102 0.0120

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001

0.0100 0.0099 0.0115

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001

0.0104 0.0103 0.0121

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001

μ, cP 9.98E-06 9.91E-06 1.15E-05

μ, Pa-s 88.1079 88.1079 88.1079

C

μ, cP 1.04E-05 1.03E-05 1.21E-05

E

F

G

Tmin [K]

Tmax [K]

149.78 200 273.16 Dealdehyde Column Feed Temp, oC μ, Pa-s Acetaldehyde 49.7887 Ethanol 49.7887 Water 49.7887

0.0002 0.0007 0.0006

Distillate Temp, oC μ, Pa-s Acetaldehyde 33.6324 Ethanol 33.6324 Water 33.6324

0.0002 0.0009 0.0008

Bottoms Temp, oC μ, Pa-s Acetaldehyde 55.8969 Ethanol 55.8969 Water 55.8969

0.0002 0.0006 0.0005

F

G

466 440 646.15

μ, cP

-123.37 -73.15 0.01

Tmax [oC] 192.85 166.85 373 Rectifier Column Feed Acetaldehyd Ethanol Water

0.2005 0.9176 0.7605

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0020 0.0092 0.0076

Distillate Acetaldehyd Ethanol Water

0.1698 0.6240 0.5066

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0017 0.0062 0.0051

Bottoms Acetaldehyd Ethanol Water

μ, cP

Tmax [K]

149.78 200 273.16

Tmin [oC]

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.1773 0.0018 0.6910 0.0069 0.5616 0.0056

μ, cP

Tmin [K]

Mol wt kg/kmol 44.05256 46.06844 18.01528

1000 1000 1073.15

Mol wt kg/kmol 44.05256 46.06844 18.01528

Tmin [oC] -123.37 -73.15 0.01

Tmax [oC] 726.85 726.85 800

Dealdehyde Column Feed Temp, oC μ, Pa-s μ, cP Acetaldehyde 83.3997 1.03E-05 Ethanol 83.3997 1.02E-05 Water 83.3997 1.20E-05

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0103 0.0001 0.0102 0.0001 0.0120 0.0001

Rectifier Column Feed Acetaldehyd Ethanol Water

Distillate Temp, oC μ, Pa-s μ, cP Acetaldehyde 71.6380 9.98E-06 Ethanol 71.6380 9.91E-06 Water 71.6380 1.15E-05

0.0100 0.0099 0.0115

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001

Distillate Acetaldehyd Ethanol Water

Bottoms Temp, oC μ, Pa-s μ, cP Acetaldehyde 88.1079 1.04E-05 Ethanol 88.1079 1.03E-05 Water 88.1079 1.21E-05

0.0104 0.0103 0.0121

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001

Bottoms Acetaldehyd Ethanol Water

EQN 101 101 101

Temp, oC μ, Pa-s 124.0802 124.0802 124.0802

0.0001 0.0002 0.0002

μ, cP 0.1145 0.2340 0.2204

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0011 0.0023 0.0022

Temp, oC μ, Pa-s 110.1975 110.1975 110.1975

0.0001 0.0003 0.0003

0.1226 0.2800 0.2512

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0012 0.0028 0.0025

Temp, oC μ, Pa-s 134.0421 134.0421 134.0421

0.0001 0.0002 0.0002

0.1093 0.2068 0.2026

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0011 0.0021 0.0020

Temp, oC μ, Pa-s μ, cP 83.3997 1.03E-05 83.3997 1.02E-05 83.3997 1.20E-05

0.0103 0.0102 0.0120

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001

Temp, oC μ, Pa-s μ, cP 71.6380 9.98E-06 71.6380 9.91E-06 71.6380 1.15E-05

0.0100 0.0099 0.0115

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001

Temp, oC μ, Pa-s μ, cP 88.1079 1.04E-05 88.1079 1.03E-05 88.1079 1.21E-05

0.0104 0.0103 0.0121

μ, dyne-s/cm2 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001

μ, cP

μ, cP

EQN 102 102 102

Antoine's Equation Constants

Substance

A

B

C

T min, oC

T max, oC

Water(b) Water Ethanol(b) Ethanol

8.0713 8.1402 8.1122 7.5867

1730.6300 1810.9400 1592.864 1281.59

233.4260 244.4850 226.184 193.768

1 99 20 78

100 374 93 203

Ethanol Ethanol(b)

8.20417 7.68117

1642.89 1332.04

230.3 199.2

-57 77

80 243

A 5.29E+01 7.33E+01 7.36E+01

B -4.64E+03 -7.12E+03 -7.26E+03

C -4.51E+00 -7.14E+00 -7.30E+00

D 2.70E-17 2.89E-06 4.17E-06

E 6.00E+00 2.00E+00 2.00E+00

Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water PRIMARY COLUMN Feed T, oC Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

18.07 58.68 58.68

T min, oC -123.37 -114.1 0.01 DEALDEHYDE COLUMN Feed

P, kPa P, mmHg T, K 83.40 356.549721373 700.908065756 5257.24283222 83.40 356.549721373 123.384490338 925.459784428 83.40 356.549721373 54.2715777044 407.07030896

Distillate

Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Distillate

T, oC Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

P, kPa P, mmHg T, K 71.64 344.788021339 517.599106018 3882.31256426 71.64 344.788021339 77.4524136177 580.940876876 71.64 344.788021339 33.4552514064 250.935021652

Bottoms

Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Bottoms

T, oC Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

liquid molar volume (vL), cm3/ gmol

P, kPa P, mmHg T, K 88.11 361.257879238 786.441200543 5898.79410228 88.11 361.257879238 147.185796928 1103.98426514 88.11 361.257879238 65.2070919887 489.0934114127

Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Source(s)

Perry's 8th ed DIPPR Perry's 8th ed Perry's 8th ed

DIPPR DIPPR

T max, oC 192.85 240.85 373.946

ALDEHYDE COLUMN T, oC

P, kPa P, mmHg T, K 49.79 322.938701595 275.44356947 2065.99667207 49.79 322.938701595 29.2989798529 219.7604213 49.79 322.938701595 12.2229524647 91.6796829327

RECTIFIER COLUMN Feed T, oC Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

124.08 124.08 124.08

Distillate T, oC

P, kPa P, mmHg T, K 33.63 306.782407138 161.48030452 1211.20188932 33.63 306.782407138 12.8493546597 96.3780857769 33.63 306.782407138 5.2181879094 39.1396280402

T, oC Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

110.20 110.20 110.20

Bottoms T, oC

P, kPa P, mmHg T, K 55.90 329.046947792 331.7831187552 2488.57804346 55.90 329.046947792 39.0413005915 292.833836166 55.90 329.046947792 16.4490873569 123.378301419

T, oC Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

134.04 134.04 134.04

P, kPa P, mmHg T, K 397.230216032 1719.39236034 12896.5032703 397.230216032 481.935135051 3614.81078351 397.230216032 225.283964537 1689.76869527

P, kPa P, mmHg T, K 383.347452701 1295.09849212 9714.03754269 383.347452701 314.600753094 2359.69970246 383.347452701 144.07502073 1080.65152484

P, kPa P, mmHg T, K 407.192136975 2081.97688013 15616.1108206 407.192136975 640.771900021 4806.1844956 407.192136975 303.948332836 2279.79997982

DIPPR106 Equation Parameters (Surface Tension in mN/m, T in K) No. Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

Feed Ethanol Water

A 3.76E-02 131.38 134.15 131.38

Temp, oC

B -2.16E-05 5.5437 1.6146 5.5437

Temp, K

C -1.03E-07 -8.4826 -2.035 -8.4826

Tr

D

Tc

E 4.3164 1.5598 4.3164

84.60 84.60

357.75 357.75

0.69 0.55

σ, dyne/cm 16.8662 61.6548

Distillate Ethanol Water

79.25 79.25

352.40 352.40

0.68 0.54

17.3357 62.6238

Bottoms Ethanol Water

99.97 99.97

373.12 373.12

0.72 0.58

15.4644 58.8165

0 0 0

516.2 647.3 516.2

Correlation equation for the Surface Tension of Water-Organic Alcohol mixtures (Ghahremani, et al. , 2011)

System H20 + EtOH

a

b -3.059

c 2.415

d -6.841

21.94

where x = log(mass frac of alcohol in H20) Brock and Bird equation

Tc, K Pc, atm Vc, L/mol Zc Ethanol 513.9000 60.6760 0.1670 Water 647.1000 217.6659 0.0559 Source: Smith, Van Ness, & Abbott (2005) Feed Ethanol Water

mole frac Temp 0.0703 0.8694

Tcm

Distillate Ethanol Water

mole frac Temp, K 0.2966 344.79 0.6707 344.79

Bottoms Ethanol

mole frac Temp, K 0.0001 361.26

356.55 356.55

0.2400 0.2290

Pcm

Vcm

598.7138

193.4985

0.0603

586.4554

163.9943

0.0870

602.5198

202.6592

0.0521

Water

0.9310

361.26

B 1.42E+00 -0.00002157 2.57E+00

C -1.99E-01 -1.025E-007 -3.34E+00

DIPPR 801 No. Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

A 7.72E-02 0.03764 1.78E-01

PRIMARY COLUMN Feed T, oC Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

σ, mN/m T, K 83.40 356.549721373 12.2139 83.40 356.549721373 16.9186 83.40 356.549721373 61.4429

Distillate

Tc

E

466 514 647.096

1.97E+00

DEALDEHYDE COLUMN Feed T, oC Acetaldehyde 49.79 Ethanol 49.79 Water 49.79 Distillate

T, oC Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

σ, mN/m T, K 71.64 344.788021339 13.8142 71.64 344.788021339 18.0178 71.64 344.788021339 63.6941

Bottoms

T, oC Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

33.63 33.63 33.63

Bottoms T, oC

Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

D

σ, mN/m T, K 88.11 361.257879238 11.5839 88.11 361.257879238 16.4707 88.11 361.257879238 60.5396

T, oC Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

55.90 55.90 55.90

Tmin, K

Tmax, K 180 233 180

Zcm

Tmin, oC 513 643 513

Trm 0.2346

0.5955

0.2927

0.5879

0.2106

0.5996

-273.15 -93.15 -40.15

Tmax, oC -273.15 239.85 369.85

106 Tmin, K 149.78 273.15 273.16

Tmax, K 466 503.15 647.096

σ, mN/m T, K 322.938701595 16.8847 322.938701595 19.9845 322.938701595 67.8764

Eqn 106 100 106

Tmin, oC -123.37 0 0.01

Tmax, oC 192.85 230 373.946

RECTIFIER COLUMN Feed T, oC Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

σ, mN/m T, K 124.08 397.230216032 6.9898 124.08 397.230216032 12.8981 124.08 397.230216032 53.5434

Distillate σ, mN/m T, K 306.782407138 19.2342 306.782407138 21.3759 306.782407138 70.9940

T, oC

σ, mN/m T, K 110.20 383.347452701 8.7146 110.20 383.347452701 14.3083 110.20 383.347452701 56.2685

T, oC

σ, mN/m T, K 134.04 407.192136975 5.7941 134.04 407.192136975 11.8618 134.04 407.192136975 51.5623

Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Bottoms

σ, mN/m T, K 329.046947792 16.0137 329.046947792 19.4446 329.046947792 66.7051

Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

(N/m)

100 (N/m)

PPDS12 Equation Parameters (Heat of Vaporization in J/mol, T in K) No. Ethanol Water

A

B 9.1919 5.6297

C

D

2.8118 13.962

8.6931 -11.673

357.75 357.75

Hvap, J/mol 38,678.03 41,350.54

E -11.776 2.1784

-31.745 -0.31666

Tc 516.2 647.3

FEED Temp, oC Ethanol Water

Temp, K 84.60 84.60

DISTILLATE Temp, oC Ethanol Water

Temp, K

Hvap, J/mol 352.40 39,131.83 352.40 41,598.85

Temp, K

Hvap, J/mol 373.12 37,247.21 373.12 40,616.67

79.25 79.25

BOTTOMS Temp, oC Ethanol Water

99.97 99.97

DIPPR 801 No. Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

A 3.4088E+07 6.5831E+07 5.6600E+07

B 4.3317E-02 1.1905E+00 6.1404E-01

C 2.1502E-01 -1.7666E+00 -6.1204E-01

Temp, oC 83.40 83.40 83.40

Temp, K 356.55 356.55 356.55

Tr

Temp, oC 71.64 71.64 71.64

Temp, K 344.79 344.79 344.79

Tr

Temp, oC 88.11 88.11 88.11

Temp, K 361.26 361.26 361.26

Tr

D 2.3791E-01 1.0012E+00 3.9880E-01

E

PRIMARY COLUMN Feed Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Distillate Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water Bottoms Acetaldehyde Ethanol Water

0.7651 0.6937 0.5510

Hvap, J/kmol 2.0616E+07 3.8801E+07 4.1158E+07

Hvap, J/mol 20,616.23 38,801.44 41,157.75

0.7399 0.6708 0.5328

Hvap, J/kmol 2.1780E+07 3.9665E+07 4.1709E+07

Hvap, J/mol 21,779.88 39,664.82 41,708.88

0.7752 0.7028 0.5583

Hvap, J/kmol 2.0127E+07 3.8436E+07 4.0932E+07

Hvap, J/mol 20,126.69 38,435.73 40,932.34

Tc ,K 466.00 514.00 647.10

Tmin

Tmax 273 273

516 647

Tmin ,K 149.78 159.05 273.16

Tmax ,K 466.00 514.00 647.10

DEALDEHYDE COLUMN Feed Temp, oC Acetaldehyde 49.79 Ethanol 49.79 Water 49.79 Distillate Temp, oC Acetaldehyde 33.63 Ethanol 33.63 Water 33.63 Bottoms Temp, oC Acetaldehyde 55.90 Ethanol 55.90 Water 55.90

Temp, K 322.94 322.94 322.94

Tr

Temp, K 306.78 306.78 306.78

Tr

Temp, K 329.05 329.05 329.05

Tr

0.6930 0.6283 0.4991

Hvap, J/kmol 2.3734E+07 4.1109E+07 4.2693E+07

Hvap, J/mol 23,733.75 41,109.45 42,692.66

0.6583 0.5969 0.4741

Hvap, J/kmol 2.5020E+07 4.2074E+07 4.3392E+07

Hvap, J/mol 25,020.06 42,074.45 43,391.98

0.7061 0.6402 0.5085

Hvap, J/kmol 2.3213E+07 4.0724E+07 4.2422E+07

Hvap, J/mol 23,213.32 40,723.73 42,422.40

RECTIFIER COLUMN Feed Temp, oC Acetaldehyde 124.08 Ethanol 124.08 Water 124.08 Distillate Temp, oC Acetaldehyde 110.20 Ethanol 110.20 Water 110.20 Bottoms Temp, oC Acetaldehyde 134.04 Ethanol 134.04 Water 134.04

Temp, K 397.23 397.23 397.23

Tr

Temp, K 383.35 383.35 383.35

Tr

Temp, K 407.19 407.19 407.19

Tr

0.8524 0.7728 0.6139

Hvap, J/kmol 1.5872E+07 3.5160E+07 3.9104E+07

Hvap, J/mol 15,872.31 35,159.52 39,103.78

0.8226 0.7458 0.5924

Hvap, J/kmol 1.7631E+07 3.6537E+07 3.9834E+07

Hvap, J/mol 17,630.76 36,537.21 39,833.58

0.8738 0.7922 0.6293

Hvap, J/kmol 1.4503E+07 3.4064E+07 3.8559E+07

Hvap, J/mol 14,503.28 34,063.91 38,558.81

Ethanol

Water

Component Formula

C2H6O

Molar Mass

CAS Registry Number

46.069 64-17-5

Name

Ethanol

Data Table T [K]

P [kPa]

Molar Enthalpy [J/mol]

State

Reference

394.26

0

Superheated 49613.5 Liquid

1

394.26

689.473

Superheated 13180.2 Liquid

1

394.26

1378.95

Superheated 13180.2 Liquid

1

394.26

2068.42

Superheated 13180.2 Liquid

1

409.81

689.473

15859.2 Liquid

1

409.81

689.473

48541.9 Vapor

1

422.04

0

Superheated 52185.2 Liquid

1

422.04

689.473

Superheated 50256.4 Liquid

1

422.04

1378.95

Superheated 17788 Liquid

1

422.04

2068.42

Superheated 17788 Liquid

1

422.04

2757.89

Superheated 17788 Liquid

1

422.04

3447.37

Superheated 17788 Liquid

1

437.04

1378.95

20145.4 Liquid

1

437.04

1378.95

49399.1 Vapor

1

449.82

0

Superheated 54649.8 Liquid

1

449.82

689.473

Superheated 53149.6 Liquid

1

449.82

1378.95

Superheated 51328 Liquid

1

449.82

2068.42

Superheated 22717.2 Liquid

1

449.82

2757.89

Superheated 22717.2 Liquid

1

449.82

3447.37

Superheated 22717.2 Liquid

1

449.82

4136.84

Superheated 22717.2 Liquid

1

455.37

2068.42

23681.6 Liquid

1

455.37

2068.42

49720.6 Vapor

1

470.37

2757.89

26682 Liquid

1

470.37

2757.89

49934.9 Vapor

1

477.59

0

Superheated 57221.6 Liquid

1

477.59

689.473

Superheated 56150 Liquid

1

477.59

1378.95

Superheated 54864.1 Liquid

1

477.59

2068.42

Superheated 53471.1 Liquid

1

477.59

2757.89

Superheated 51649.4 Liquid

1

477.59

3447.37

Superheated 28503.6 Liquid

1

477.59

4136.84

Superheated 28503.6 Liquid

1

477.59

4826.31

Superheated 28503.6 Liquid

1

477.59

5515.79

Superheated 28503.6 Liquid

1

482.59

3447.37

29575.2 Liquid

1

482.59

3447.37

50042.1 Vapor

1

493.15

4136.84

31932.6 Liquid

1

493.15

4136.84

49720.6 Vapor

1

501.48

4826.31

33968.6 Liquid

1

501.48

4826.31

48756.2 Vapor

1

508.7

5515.79

35468.8 Liquid

1

508.7

5515.79

47256 Vapor

1

514.81

6205.26

38683.5 Liquid

1

514.81

6205.26

44255.6 Vapor

1

516.48

6391.42

41576.7 Liquid

1

List of References Number

Source

Smith J.M.: Enthalpy of Hydrocarbon -Alcohol Systems. J.Chem.Eng. Data 5 (1960) 1331 137

Vapor Pressure lnP=C1+(C2/T)+C3lnT+C4T^C5 UNITS: P in Pa and T in K Component C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 1 Acetaldehyde 193.69 -8036.7 -29.502 4.3678E-02 2 Ethanol 73.304 -7122.3 -7.1424 2.8853E-06 3 Water 73.649 -7258.2 -7.3037 4.1653E-06

1 2 2

Tmin, K Tmax, K 150.15 466 159.05 514 273.16 647.096