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Training course Gas burner type G Film

10 5

Copyright © 1997 by Max Weishaupt GmbH, Schwendi. Alle Rechte der Verbreitung, auch durch Film, Funk, Fernsehen, fotomechanische Wiedergabe, Tonträger jeder Art und auszugsweisen Nachdruck, sind vorbehalten. Das Copyright gilt für alle Komponenten des Kurses. Max Weishaupt GmbH, D-88475 Schwendi Tel. (07353) 830, Telefax (07353) 83 358, Druck-Nr. 83120301 January 1999

Film 1.1 Gas burner type G – training course

Function of burner in the heat exchanger system

Combustion chamber

Burner

2 3

1

Hot water boiler

Z

Air

Gas

Task of the burner: To produce heat by combustion of fuel and air

January 1999

Copyright © by Max Weishaupt GmbH, D- 88475 Schwendi

Film 1.2 Gas burner type G – training course

Composition of gas and air

Hydrogen H2

Gas

Carbon Monoxide CO

Hydrocarbon CnHm

Nitrogen N2 Carbon Dioxide CO2

Example for Hydrocarbon

Methane CH4

H

H

C

H

Propane C3H8

H

H

H

H

C

C

C

H

H

H

H

Oxygen O2

H

Nitrogen N2

Air Other gases

January 1999

Copyright © by Max Weishaupt GmbH, D- 88475 Schwendi

Film 1.3 Gas burner type G – training course

Complete combustion

a) Carbon b) Hydrogen

+ Oxygen + Oxygen

a)

+ O2

C

= Carbon dioxyde = Water vapour

=

O C

+ heat + heat

CO2

H

H

O

= Combustion

2 H2O H

+ H

January 1999

H

heat

O

+ O2

2 H2

+

C O

b)

heat

O

Combustion

+

+

H O

O

H

O H

Copyright © by Max Weishaupt GmbH, D- 88475 Schwendi

Film 1.4 Gas burner type G – training course

Quality requirements for a heat exchanger system High efficiency 1%

93% 6%

100%

2 3

Z z

1

Environmentally friendly

N2 CO2 CO

January 1999

NO

H2O NO 2 Cx Hy

Copyright © by Max Weishaupt GmbH, D- 88475 Schwendi

Film 1.5 Gas burner type G – training course

Combustion with insufficient air

Carbon

+

2C

+

C

C

Oxygen

=

carbon monoxide

O2

=

O

Combustion

2CO

C

O

C

O

+

O

Disadvantages of insufficient air Danger of explosion! Poisonous carbon monoxide! Loss of efficiency!

January 1999

Copyright © by Max Weishaupt GmbH, D- 88475 Schwendi

Film 1.6 Gas burner type G – training course

Combustion with excess air Air temperature Air pressure

Gas

Combustion chamber pressure

Air

Chimney draught Fan contamination

To revent a shortage of air being caused by external factors, excess air is used for combustion. Excess air +15…20%

Gas

Excess air = roughage

January 1999

Air

loss of heat

Copyright © by Max Weishaupt GmbH, D- 88475 Schwendi

Type of fuel

Natural gas L

Natural gas H

Propane Butane

Propane/ Sewage Gas oil Butane gas 70/30 EL

Copyright © by Max Weishaupt GmbH, D- 88475 Schwendi

Lower caloritic value Air requirement Specific air requirement

kWh/m3 m3/m3 m3/kWh

8,83 8,45 0,957

10,35 9,91 0,957

25,89 24,37 0,941

34,29 32,37 0,941

27,96 26,32 0,941

6,38 6,12 0,959

11,90 11,22 m3/kg 0,943 kg/kWh

Flue gas volume Wet Dry

m3/m3 m3/m3

9,37 7,72

10,82 8,90

26,16 22,81

34,66 29,74

28,23 24,12

7,05 5,84

11,86 m3/kg 10,46 m3/kg

Specific flue gas volume Wet Dry

m3/kWh m3/kWh

1,06 0,87

1,05 0,86

1,01 0,88

1,01 0,87

1,01 0,86

1,10 0,91

1,00 kg/kWh 0,879 kg/kWh

Max. carbon dioxide

Vol.%

11,65

11,92

13,70

14,00

13,74

16,85

15,31

Film 1.6.1 Gas burner type G – training course

January 1999

Properties of fuels

Film 1.7 Gas burner type G – training course

Connection between CO content and excess air

1. Optimum conditions for combustion

2. Good burner and boiler matching

Measurement:

CO2 12%

3. Poor conditions for combustion

Measurement:

CO 50 ppm

CO [ppm]

CO [ppm]

CO [ppm]

600

600

600

300

300

300

10 12 10

8

6

[%] 10 12 10 CO2

Setting

CO2 10,5%

January 1999

CO 50 ppm

CO2 10%

CO