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P 1“(~

D o n a t e d by • • # •

f^ S Of Vei*bS

TO936W199«

B R I T IS H C O U N C IL

L o n S f)

maim

n S £ £ K « to - un.de

Short forms

io n s

W v*w. britishcouncil.de

Present simple of be (see C h a p te r 9) I am not

I’m

I’m not

Am I?

you are

you are not

you’re

you aren’t

Are you?

I am he is

he is not

he’s

he isn’t

Is he?

she is

she is not

she’s

she isn’t

Is she?

it is

it is not

it’s

it isn’t

Is it? Are we?

we are

we are not

we’re

we aren’t

you are

you are not

you’re

you aren’t

Are you?

they are

they are not

they’re

they aren’t

Are they:

Have I got?

Present simple of have got I have got

I have not got

I’ve got

I haven’t got

you have got

you have not got

you’ve got

you haven’t got

Have you got?

he has got

he has not got

he’s got

he hasn’t got

Has he got?

she has got

she has not got

she’s got

she hasn’t got

Has she got? Has it got?

it has got

it has not g o t'

it’s got

it hasn’t got

we have got

we have not got

we’ve got

we haven’t got

Have we got?

you have got

you have not got

you’ve got

you haven’t got

Have you got?

they have got

they have not got

they’ve got

they haven’t got

Have they got?

Short forms

Long forms

Questions

Present simple (see C hapters 10, I I and 12) Ilike

I do not like

I don’t like

Do I like?

you like

you do not like

you don’t like

Do you like?

he likes

he does not like

he doesn’t like

Does he like?

she does not like

she doesn’t like

Does she like?

she likes it likes

it does not like

it doesn’t like

Does it like?

we like

we do not like

we don’t like

Do we like?

you like

you do not like

you don’t like

Do you like?

they do not like

they don’t like

Do they like?

they like

Present continuous (see Chapters 12 and 13) I am not working

I’m working

I’m not working

Am I working?

you are working

you are not working

you’re working

you aren’t working

Are you working?

he is working

he is not working

he’s working

he isn’t working

Is he working?

she is working

she is not working

she’s working

she isn’t working

Is she working?

it is working

it is not working

it’s working

it isn’t working

Is it working?

we are working

we are not working

we’re working

we aren’t working

Are we working?

you are working

you are not working

you’re working

you aren’t working

Are you working?

they are working

they are not working

they’re working

they aren’t working

Are they working:

I am working

Kenna Bourke Illustrated by Korky Paul and David Mostyn

OXFORD U N IV E R S IT Y P R E S S

Contents Determ iners 1 2 3

Articles Quantifiers 1 Quantifiers 2 Revision 1

a, an, the, no article Page 1 7 a, an, some, a few, a little/a bit of, a lot of 11 any, some, how many, how much, not many, not much 15

Nouns, adjectives and adverbs 4

Nouns

5 6 7 8

Plurals Adjectives 1 Adjectives 2 Adverbs o f manner Revision 2

apple, apples (countable); (uncountable); a glass of milk (countable) girls, leaves, mice etc nicer, more difficult, better etc the nicest, the most difficult, the best etc slowly, well etc; feel, look etc + adjectives

16 20 24 30 35 38

Verbs 9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16 17

I ’m, I was, There’s, There wasetc 39 Be 43 I work etc (h ab it); always, usually etc Present simple 1 47 I likeetc (state) Present simple 2 Present simple and continuous 51 I work etc (h ab it); I like etc (state); I ’m eatingetc (now) Present continuous for the future 55 I ’m playing tennis tonight (arrangem ent) 59etc (irregular); ago I wantedetc (regular); I ma Past simple 65 I was tuorking etc Past continuous Past simple and continuous I wasplaying when the70telephone rang 75 I ’ve met a film star (general experience); Present perfect simple 1

18

Present perfect simple 2

19 20

Present perfect simple 3 Going to and will 1

been vs gone I ’ve seen the film (recent past); just, already, not yet, yet I ’ve lived here for a year (past up to now ); for, since I ’m going to play football (intention): I ’ll answer the telephone (snap decision^

81 85 90

ji s f“; $ *

•

-

V i. fc T b G 1 9 5 21

22 23 24

g d B |j I

Going to and will 2

Passive 1 Passive 2 First conditional Revision 3 Revision 4 Revision 5

97 I ’ll bein Spain tomorrow (inform ation); I think she’ll fa il (prediction) I t’s painted, It waspainteSetc I t’s been cleaned, It will be cleaned etc I f it rains tomorrow, we’ll stay at home /

102 108 113 118 119 120

Modal verbs and functions 25 26

Ability Permission

27

Requests

28

Obligation 1

29 30 31 32

Obligation 2 Prohibition Advice Deduction Revision 6 Revision 7

I can swim, I could run etc 121 Can I go? Could I go? allowed to go, 125 I was allowed to go etc Can you help ? Could you help ? 130 Will you help ? Would you help ? You must go! I must remember to do that, 133 You should brush your teeth I have to go to school, I don have to get up early 137 You mustn ’tdo that! You shouldn do 141 that You should go, You ought to help 145 It must be an animal, It can be an insect 149 153 154

Prepositions and phrases of tim e, place and m ovem ent 33

Phrases o f place

34

Phrases o f time

35

Phrases o f movement Revision 8

in,on, next to, between, behind, in front of, under, 155 below, above, near, fa r from, opposite, inside, outside in, on, at, yesterday, tomorrow, this morning, last week, 159 next month, every day, from Monday, to Saturday from, to, into, out of, up, down, over, round, 164 through, along, across, past, onto, off 167

Sentence structure 36

Questions

37

Short answers

38

Relative clauses

39

Reference Revision 9

who, whose, where, when, wAy, how, what, which, how many, how much Yes, I am; No, Fm not; Yes, I do; No, I don’t; I have; No, I haven’t; Yes, I can; No, I can’t; Yes, I will; No, I won’t H e’s the man who makes silly machines / f ’s a machine that makes sweets grammatical terms

168 173

177 182 184 185 186

Useful words Irregular verbs

4—

Articles

T ick (✓ ) the correct boxes.

•

Aliat’s Splodge doing? Reading a book □ Playing the violin □

•

Is Splodge a good violin player? Yes □ No □

GRAMMAR -= M E M B E R !^ a before a consonant and an before a vowel >hen vou want to talk about one thing. a dog; a rabbit, an umbrella, aw elephant 'd lodge has got a rabbit. Splodge needs an umbrella.

2

W h a t’s Splodge got? Fill in the gaps.

Be careful! These are different: a iseful book a iniform an hour

not not not

an useful book an uniform a hour

Splodge has got ► (1) (3) ..............

H e’s got

—...........and (2) ........... and (4) I Articles

, — . I

REMEMBER! ^ a and an can tell you what a person, animal or thing is. Fm a pupil. R u ff is an inventor. Sticky is a rabbit. A dictionary is a book.

A W hen you want to talk about musical instrum ents that you play, use the. I play the piano. Splodge plays the violin very badly! My sister plays the drums. Tumble plays the trumpet.

3

W rite what these people, animals or things are.

► It’s got a long neck and it’s very tall. It’s 1 It’s very big. It’s grey and it’s got a long nose. It’s

...........................

2

He looks after your teeth. H e ’s .

.. . .

3

It’s got walls, a roof, a door and windows. It’s ..,.. -.

4

She’s got a class, a board and she teaches. She’s ... W rite what instruments you play and what instruments you don’t play. Choose instruments from the list.

trum pet ^ piano xylophone drum s violin cello .L p l a y t h a t r u m p e t .

or

guitar

flute

J . d o n ’t ' p ja y t h e . t r u m p e t . ...................

1

r /* * • t** '

2 .. 3 4

B W hen you want to talk about sports, me^ls, countries and subjects you do at school, don’t use an article. I play basketball. not When are we having lunch f n o t Splodge loves Italy. not I don’t like Chemistry. not I d o n ’t like the Chemistry. 5

Fill in the gaps. Choose the correct words from the list.

lunch

Art

French */

Japan

ice hockey

► Splodge likes Geography bu t he doesn’t like

................

1 Today Splodge is having a peanut butter sandwich for

2

I Articles

...........

2

Splodge has never been t o

3

Splodge’s favourite subject at school i s

4

Ruff can ’t play tennis but h e ’s good at

r

.................. ,................

c a and an can m ean ‘every’. Look at these expressions: twice a week, once an hour, three times a day, four times a year Tumble goes running once a year. = one time every year Splodge brushes his hair twice a week. = two times every week Splodge eats a banana three times an hour. = three times every hour 6

H ow often do you do these things?

► wash your hands I .W^.^?b. ..h^Y 1 brush your teeth ... . ^ . . . .iw

rr*

^ : . ✓ /..............................

............... '.

. . . i r . . .-r

have English lessons . .. . ^ ........ ........... ...............................................

3

go on holiday.......................... ...............................................................

4

say ‘hello’.................................................................................................

. «---

2

7 Look at the picture. W h a t can you see? W rite ten objects. ». There’s a ta ble,. a n ice cream,.

........ .

I Articles

3

a W h a t are these people? Match the descriptions to the jobs.

- taxi drivernewsreader %/ v et "-shop assistant—. —aeton postm an pilot— artist waitress author nu rse—-

a

Rewrite the sentences. Remember to use the.

► H e ’s a piano player.

I’m a saxophone player.

► She reads the news on television. , y ...............

She’s .a flew sreader.............

They’re trum pet players.

1 He works in a hospital but he isn’t a doctor. H e ’s

..... .................

She writes books. She’s ........................................

3

He drives taxis. H e ’s . .w.. —-

4

She paints pictures. She’s*

5

He looks after animals that are ill.

............

..................y

..................y

................................................................. • • • • y*.................................................

W e’re flute players.

She’s a violin player.

.............................

6

She flies an aeroplane. She’s

7

He takes letters and parcels to people’s houses. H e ’s ....... v/

8

.

You’re a guitar player.

2

H e ’s ,

. ........................T - ...............✓ . . . .

...................

........ ............

b W o rk with a partner. Take turns to ask and answer questions. Use the instruments below. Use short answers.

She helps in a shop. She’s ............ ........................ .

9

He works in a theatre. H e ’s ..

10 She works in a restaurant. She’s

,.............. .....................

b W rite a description of these jobs. ► butcher / sell / m eat A butcher ee\\em meat............. 1 secretary / type / letters

2

. . I ! . . . . . . .—.«r IT.

3

banjo

m echanic / repair / cars T r r w*r- ...................... . ~ y ~

harm onica

harp

..........

policem an / catch / thieves " --r

.......................

—

4

photographer / take / photos

5

hairdresser / cut / hair

I Articles

piano ► Partner A Partner B P artner A

Can you play the piano ? Yes, I can. Can you play the violin ? No, I can 7. Can you play ...

0 1

in the gaps. Use

Splodge Ruff

a, the or nothing (-).

I’m hungry. Can I have ► ^

biscuit?

No, you can’t. It’s time for (1)

Splodge

I had a m ud pie for (2)

supper. lunch.

What are we having to eat tonight? lu ff

W e’re having (3)

delicious chicken pie.

Splodge

Can I go and play (4)

Tumble

No. It’s nearly bedtime.

Splodge Well, can I play (5) Tumble

football?

table tennis then?

No. You can ’t. Go and give Sticky (6) ...........

carrot. H e ’s hungry.

Splodge Mabel

W hat are you doing, Mabel? I’m packing (7)

I are going to (8) Splodge Mabel

suitcase. M ildred and Greece on holiday.

Can I come too? No, you can’t. You’re going to (9) ...........

H olland in June.

^

Splodge

I hate homework. I d o n ’t like (10)

I hate (11) (13)

History. I only like (12) Music. I ’m going to practise playing

Maths and Art and (14) ........

violin again. Mildred (15) Splodge (16)

No, Splodge! Please d o n ’t. Whyd o n ’t you go and play tennis instead? I d o n ’t want to. I’m good at Music. I want to learn to play drum s next week. I Articles

5

11 a

How often do you think Splodge does the things below? W rite ten sentences. Use expressions like these: once a day, twice a week, five times a year. brushes his teeth ^ has a shower practises the violin does the washing-up eats m ud pies has breakfast puts worms in M abel’s shoes stands on his head reads a book buys a Mo and Snapper comic does his homework

». He brushes his te e th once a day.................................................. 1

......................................................................................

2 .................................................................................. 3 ................................................................................................................ 4 ................................................................................................................. 5 ................................................................................................................. 6 .............................................................................. 7 ................................................................................................................. 8 ...................................................................................................... 9

....................................................................................................

10 .................................................................................. b W rite fiyig^questions to ask a friend. Use how often do you. Use the ideas below to help you. watch television go shopping listen to music go to the dentist eat sweets use the telephone say ‘hello’ play a sport drink milk see a rainbow How often do you. w atch television?............................................. 1

.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................

2 3 ................................................................................................................. 4

.................................................................................................................

5

.................................................................................................................

c

Now work with the whole class. Take turns to ask and answer your questions.

► Pupil A How often do you go to a party ? Pupil B I go to a party three times a week. Pupil B How often do you go on holiday ? Pupil C I go on holiday once a year.

6

I Articles

e^

Quantifiers 1 Look, Tumble! I went for a walk and ( T m cooking for I’ve got a bit o f meat and some eggs, a little honey and

Tick (✓ ) the correct boxes.

You can’t count water. Can you count milk? Yes □ No □ You can count eggs. Can you count apples? Yes □ No □

I t

GRAMMAR ^

REMEMBER! 4 If th ere’s only one thing, use a or an. Splodge has found a dog. Splodge wants to give him an egg. i If th ere’s m ore than one thing and it’s easy to count, use a num ber. Splodge has got two eggs. There are five biscuits on the plate. 2

REMEMBER! ^ If th e re ’s m ore than one thing but you d o n ’t know exactly how many or it isn’t im portant how many, use some. Iv e got some eggs. There are some dog biscuits in the kitchen. 3

W h a t do you need to make a salad? Use some and the words below.

pieces of cucum ber i / tomatoes olives onions lettuce leaves

Fill in the gaps. Use a or an.

Splodge found ► $ .... dog in the park this morning. Now h e ’s making (1)

► You need pom e p ie c e e o f cucumber.................

meal for

You n e e d .................................................................

the dog. H e ’s going to give him (2)

You n e e d .................................................................

(3)

egg, t apple. Do you

You n e e d .................................................................

biscuit and (4)

think dogs like eggs and apples?

You n e e d ............................................................... 2 Quantifiers I

7

REMEMBER! ^ You can use some with nouns you can’t count. There’s some water in the dogs bowl. There’s some fruit juice in the fridge. 4

W h a t is there in Splodge’s fridge? Use some and the words below.

milk butter

apple juice

cheese

m eat

B You can use a little and a bit o f with nouns you can ’t count. There’s a little honey. = n o t very much There’s a bit of milk. = no t very m uch 6 Which words can you use with a little and a bit of? Tick the ones you can use. cheese i / sweets crisps milk apples butter bananas salt coffee biscuits sandwiches bread oranges sugar

► There’s some, mHk.........................................

A You can use a few with nouns you can count. There are a few apples. = not very many - three or four maybe There are a few biscuits. = n ot very many - five or six maybe 5

C You can use a lot o f with all plural nouns and nouns you can ’t count. Rem em ber to put a plural verb with nouns you can count, and a singular verb with nouns you can ’t count. There are a lot of biscuits. There’s a lot of cheese. 7 Splodge has put a lot of food in the dog’s bowl. W rite what there is. Use a lot of and the words below.

W rite what there is in Tumbj^s«shopping bag. Use a few and the words below.

biscuits ^ sugar m eat bones butter eggs

apples */ oranges

Nouns you can count

cakes

bananas

sweets ^

There a re. a Jot of biscuits,............................

► There are a few apples.

Nouns you can’t count ^

8

2 Quantifiers I

There’s a. Jot of sugar.

& t

PRACTICE

-o ok at Splodge’s new recipe. Cross out the wrong words.

You need (►);#/some flour and (1) two/some salt. Honey worms are delicious with (9) a/an banana milkshake. You can also have them with (10) some/a orange juice.

Mix them in a bowl with (2) a/some water. Roll the mixture and cut it into worm shapes Cook the worms and keep them warm. Now make (3) a/an sauce. Put (4) three/a tomatoes in a bowl. Mix the tomatoes with (5) so^je/a honey. Stir in (6) a/some sugar. Cook for five minutes.

:

Singular or plural verb? Put the words in the correct boxes. Be careful!

P e a n u ts

°>

x

c a t s

s>V

.

t e a

v

flo w e r s

c (yA

2 Quantifiers I

9

10 H ow many sentences can you make? Choose one word from each column. Read your sentences to the class.

Honey Eggs Biscuits Peanuts Sweets Lemons Cheese Bread Oranges

is are taste tastes look looks smell smells

nice good sweet sour expensive cheap horrible round bad

11 Look at Splodge’s kitchen table. W h a t is there on it? W rite sentences. Use a few, a bit of, and a lot of.

► There, a re a. Jot. of tom atoes.......................... There’s a. bit of meat-............................... ...... There are a few bananas. 1 2 3 4

Pupil A Pupil B Pupil C

Bread is cheap. Sweets taste nice. Oranges look nice.

5

6 7

10

2 Quantifiers I

Quantifiers 2

"nek (%/) the correct boxes.

•

Has Mo finished his homework? Yes □ No □

•

Do you think Mo and Snapper will go fishing today? Yes □ No □

A Use some, n o t any, to ask for things. Can I have some biscuits ? n o t Gan f d i a v e any b is c u its ? Can I have some milk ? not

W

Use some, n o t any, to ask somebody if they want something.

GRAMMAR

Would you like some sweets ? Would you like some cheese? W ould you lik e any c h e e s e ?

REMEMBER! ^ ' e any to ask questions with nouns. Have you done any homework ? Have we got any bread ? 1

not

3 Complete the questions. Use some. potatoes ^ lem onade ^ water crisps bread

Ask questions. Use any and the nouns below. sw e e ts 1 /

m ilk

b is c u its

o ran g es

► ~ a v e y o u got any swooto?

Gan I h a v e a n y m ilk ?

grapes

► Can I.haya eom e p o ta to e e ? .....................

ch eese

Would you. [ike. som e lem onade?..............' Can ................................................................. Can ................................................................. W o u ld ............................................................. W o u ld .............................................................

3 Quantifiers 2

REMEMBER! ^ Do you want to know exactly what num ber there are? Use how many to ask questions with nouns you can count. How many bananas are there? Use how much to ask questions with nouns you can’t count. How much milk is there? 4 Choose how many or how much. ► How m any

sweets can you eat?

1.... ............................. orange juice is there? 2

.............................apples shall I buy?

3

.............................milk do you want?

4

.............................friends have you got?

REMEMBER! ^ Use any in negative sentences. There aren’t any bananas. = There are no bananas. We haven’t got any milk. = T h ere’s no milk.

If you want to say that there is some but no t a lot, use not many and not much. Use not many with nouns you can count. There aren’t many sweets. = T here are some sweets but no t a lot.

5 Rewrite the sentences. Use any.

Use not much with nouns you can ’t count. There isn’t much milk. - T h ere’s some milk but no t a lot.

► There are no sweets. There aren’t any ew eete................................ 6

1 T h ere’s no juice.

2

There are no biscuits.

Put the words in the correct columns.

milk */ cheese sweets bread potatoes i / tomatoes bananas butter

*

not many 3

T h ere’s no cheese.

4

There are no eggs.

12

3 Quantifiers 2

^

p o ta to ee

not much milk....................

♦

8

PRACTICE

a W rite questions. Use how many and how much and a w ord from the list below. ► apples lem onade 1 sugar 2 sandwiches

• s talking to her mum. W rite Milly’s questions. Use is there and are there with any and the words below.

► milk crisps I bread _ apples

3 4 5 6

orange juice biscuits sweets sugar

7 8 9 10

cheese bananas peanut butter grapes

3 4 5 6

butter bananas carrots coffee

7 8 9 10

m eat cakes cheese tomatoes

► How many, apples are there? How much lemonade is there? 1

re any.mi!k?......

2

•ere any crisps?

3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10

V* ork with a partner. Take turns to ask and 3*s er the questions. Use the words in 7a to • cuestions with can I have some. Use no, r - e r e isn’t/aren’t to answer the questions. As.- and answer five questions each' : ~: er A : _nner B

CanI have some milk No, there isn’t any milk.

: er B : _ ner A

Can I have some apples'? No, there aren’t any apples.

Ask your teacher if you can play this game. Play in tw o teams. Team A, you own a shop. Team B, you w ork in the shop. A lot of things are missing from the shop. Team A, ask the shop assistant what has happened. Use not much and not many. Team B, invent a reason why there isn’t much o r there aren’t many of the things. Play the game like this:

Team A There aren’t many apples. Why Team B Because a mouse ate ten of them yesterday. Team A There isn’t much milk. Why not? Team B Because the cat was very thirsty this morning.

3 Quantifiers 2

13

9

Mo

Read Mo and Snapper’s conversation. Fill in the gaps. Use some, any, much or many.

Snapper, how ►.Hl^.Oy.... biscuits did you bring?

Snapper

I d id n ’t bring (1) .............. biscuits because there w eren’t

any chocolate ones in the cupboard. How (2) ............... milk did you bring? Mo

I d id n ’t bring (3) ............... milk - it’s horrible. But th e re ’s some lem onade instead.

Snapper Mo

I d o n ’t like lem onade. Is there (4) ............... water?

No, there isn’t. How (5) ............... sandwiches did you make?

Snapper

Ten. They’re all sardine sandwiches. T here wasn’t

( 6 ) ............... cheese, so there a re n ’t (7) ............... sandwiches for you. You d o n ’t like sardine sandwiches, do you? Mo

Yuck! No, I d o n ’t. How (8) ............... bread is there?

Snapper

Well, there isn’t (9) .............. bread. T h e re ’s only one

slice. I used the rest foi^ny sandwiches. W ould you like (10) .............. sardines?

Mo

No, thanks. Can I have (IT) ............... apples?

Snapper

Ah! Sorry, there a re n ’t (12) ............... apples. I ate them

all on the way here. Mo

Snapper! You’re so greedy. Can I have (13) .............. bread and jam?

Snapper Mo

I d id n ’t bring (14) ................jam .

Why d id n ’t you bring any jam? You know I like jam .

Snapper

I forgot. Now would you like ( 1 5 )............... sardine

sandwiches? They’re very good, and th a t’s all there is. 14

3 Quantifiers 2

= SION I - articles; quantifiers

Seme of the sentences below are wrong. Read ir i tick the sentences that are correct.

5

There are some apples on the table. There’s some milk in the fridge.

- -lephant is a big animal. □ A umbrella is a useful object. □ S :typer is crocodile. □ R uff is an inventor. □ That lady is a vet. □ Mo wears an uniform at school. □ : ead the examples and complete the rule.

Read the sentences and answer the questions.

Do you know how many apples? Yes □ No □ Do you know how m uch milk? Yes □ No □ 6

Read the example. Cross out the wrong words in the rules.

Splodge plays the violin very badly. Does he play the drums, too ?

I ’ve got a few sweets and a bit of lemonade.

When you want to talk about musical

Use a few with nouns you can / can ’t count.

mstruments that you play, u s e ..........................

Use a bit with nouns you can / c a n ’t count.

Read the examples and cross out the wrong

7

Read the sentence. Tick the correct boxes.

♦vord in the rule below.

H e’s got a lot of biscuits and a lot of milk.

splodge usually has lunch at one. I don’t like playing basketball, splodge says Physics is boring. Ruff loves going to Russia.

Use a lot o f with ...

When you’re talking about meals, sports, school subjects and countries, you do / d o n ’t use an article. Read the sentences. Tick the correct boxes.

Splodge has a bath once a day. He asks silly questions three times an hour. Does Splodge have a bath every day? Yes □ No □ Does he ask clever questions three times every hour? Yes □ No □

8

nouns you can count.

□

nouns you can ’t count.

□

Look at the examples. Finish the rule.

There isn’t anybread and there aren’t any bisc Is there any bread ? Are there any biscuits ? You can use any with all nouns in .......................... sentences and i n ........................... 9 Rewrite the sentences. Use not much and not many. T here are only two apples. T h e r e .................................................................... T h e re ’s a little bit of tea. T h e r e ....................................................................

REVISION I

15

Nouns

I ONLY W A N T ED A G LA SS O F W A T E R

I'VE MADE SOME CURRY. ^ DO YOU WANT SOME ? 1

]j

( yu m ! y e s ,p le a s e ^ )

■ i V>A

iK.1t--'

I

T jc k iy U c o r r e c t'tr o X fe 's .

•

What did Mo throw at Snapper? Milk □ W ater □ Curry □

•

W hat did Snapper want? More curry □ A glass of water □

GRAMMAR

REMEMBER! ^ You can count most nouns. One (Singular) Two or more (Plural) a banana three bananas a crocodile ten crocodiles Use a singular verb with one, and a plural verb with two or more.

REMEMBER! ^ Nouns are words for people, animals, things and places. Always use a capital letter for nam es of people and places. Mo has got a sister. London is in England.

3

2

► There !?.

W rite four sentences. Use nouns.

». I [ike oranges,....................................................

The boy is naughty. A car has got wheels.

Oranges are nice. Sweets taste good.

Fill in the gaps with a singular or plural verb.

(be) a mouse in M o’s bed.

1 The n e ig h b o u rs............................ (have got)

1

two cats.

2

2

3

3 A m o u s e ........................... (live) in a small hole.

4

4

16

4 Nouns

Cats usually........................... (chase) mice.

M ice ............................ (eat) cheese.

4 Choose the correct verb to fill in the gaps.

- E‘■'EMBER! ^

wmter

have got

w a te r s

cheese

NOT c h e e s e s

not

honeys

milk

NOT m ilk s

Twmd

not

b rea d s

juice

f ice

not

r ic e s

not

san d s

not

te a s

coffee

NOT c o f f e e s

not

so ap s

soup

NOT s o u p s

R ic e ..................... in fields.

NOT ju ice -s

2

S o a p ..................... your hands.

meat

NOT m e a ts

3

O range ju i c e ...................... of oranges.

flour

NOT f lo u r s

4

This c o ffe e ....................... sugar in it.

iimmnv

I

Apple juice tastes nice.

. an use these words with nouns you can’t count:

a cup of coffee/tea

a bottle of water

a slice of bread

glass of w ater/m ilk/juice

a bag of sugar/rice

a bowl of soup

a carton of m ilk/juice

a loaf of bread

a piece of m eat/cheese

5 Complete the conversation. Think carefully!

Mo‘s dad Mo s mum

grow

1

> u s e a s in g u la r v e r b w ith n o u n s y o u c a n ’ t

is sweet.

taste

► Milk \&.................. good for you.

not

WGp

be 1/

clean

Be ire fu l! You can’t count these nouns, ■ v . d o n 't know them, learn them now.

I ’m going to the superm arket. Do you want anything? Yes, please. I want a ►t in

of soup,

a (1) .......................... of bread, two (2) a (3) .......................... of water and three (4)

of rice, of milk. 4 Nouns

^

PRACTICE Look at the words. Do they need a singular verb or a plural verb? W rite the words in the correct places.

a sandwich bananas ^ sugar

sweets onions rice

milk melons milkshakes

olives a biscuit honey

soup crisps sandwiches b a n an a s

7 a

Look at the pictures. W rite what each object is.

► It’s a. tin .o f beans................

18

4 Nouns

1

a burger an orange tomatoes

W o rk with a partner. Partner A, look at the pictures in 7a for one minute. N o w shut your book. Partner B, ask questions 1-5 below. W hen you’ve finished, swap: Partner B, look at the pictures. Partner A, ask questions 6 -1 0 .

Is Is Is Is Is Is

there there there there there there

a a a a a a

cup of tea? bag of sugar? carton of juice? glass of milk? piece of cheese? tin of soup?

Partner B Partner A 8

6 7 8 9 10

Is Is Is Is Is

there there there there there

a a a a a

carton of milk? bag o f rice? piece of meat? glass of water? slice o f bread?

Is there a cup of tea ? Yes, there is.

Snapper and Mo are shopping. Complete the conversation. Use a piece of, a bottle of etc. Use the picture to help you.

Snapper Mo

We need ►

b o ttle

.of

ketchup, d o n ’t we?

Yes, we do. And I want (1) .................................. coke. Mum needs (2)

cheese, three (3) ...................................tomato

soup and (4) Snapper

orange juice.

I ’m going to make some biscuits this afternoon. I want

(5)

flour, (6)

sugar and

some chocolate. Mo

Let’s get (7) .................................. apple juice. I d o n ’t like orange

juice. How m uch chocolate do you want? Snapper Mo

Lots! Oh, and I need some bread.

Why? You d o n ’t make biscuits with bread.

Snapper

No, I know. But I ’m hungry. I want to have

(8) .............................. bread with some honey and (9) ................................tea when we get home. Mo

Snapper, have you got any money?

Snapper

No. You’ve got it. I ’ve got enough to buy

(10) .................................. bread, th a t’s all.

4 Nouns

19

Plurals

I

Tick (✓ ) the correct box.

Do leaves fall off trees? Yes □

0>

No □ 2

GRAMMAR

Make the nouns in the sentences plural. Use a number.

► I ’ve got a red toothbrush. lya g o t two red toothbrushes.......

REMEMBER! ^ Add s to most nouns. a dog a girl

two dogs girls

1 Splodge has got a watch.

2

Mabel has got a new dress.

3

Can I have a tomato?

4

I can see a girl in the garden.

Add es to nouns ending in o, x, s, sh or ch. a potato a fox a dress a toothbrush a watch 20

—► three potatoes —► foxes —► three dresses —► toothbrushes —► six watches 5 Plurals

REMEMBER! ^ If nouns end in a consonant + y, change y to i aid add es. a baby the lady a dictionary 3

two babies the ladies dictionaries

Fill in the gaps. Use the plural of the words in brackets.

► Splodge likes .diptionarias (dictionary). He thinks they taste good. He lik e s................... (story) about astronauts. _ Splodge doesn’t believe i n ................... (fairy). He thinks fairy tales are f o r ................... (baby). {a* -*

4 Splodge doesn’t like t h e .................... (lady) who work in the bookshop.

REMEMBER! ^ The plurals of these nouns are different. Learn them. —► two people a person —► the children the child my tooth my teeth ► a man five men -> nine women a woman my foot -► my feet —► three mice a mouse ► two sheep a sheep the goose -► the geese ► ten fish a fish

f a ir y t a l e s

—

A If nouns end in f or fe, change the f to v and add es or s. leaf —► leaves thief —► thieves knife —► knives wife —► wives

—

—

4

Choose the correct words. Put them in the plural.

child

woman */

sheep

fish

mouse

► Mabel and M ildred are woman........ live on farms. You get wool

.

5 Make these words plural. ► a leaf

five !P&V&&.....................

from them.

1 a wolf

tw o ..................................

There are lots o f ............................. in the sea.

2

a life

three .............................

3

a loaf of bread ten .................................

4

a thief

........................... go to school. 4 Cats like ch asin g ...........................

s ix ...................................

5 Plurals

21

^

PRACTICE

makes a scary noise. Some (13) ...................... (person) say there are ghosts in the forest. O ne day, some (14) ...................... (child) went

6 a

to the house. They saw one of the ladies. She

Splodge is writing a story. Help him finish it. Fill in the gaps with the plural of the words in brackets.

d id n ’t have any (15) ...................... (tooth)! She

In the forest near Wibble there is a big, dark

She shouted at the children. She thought they

house. There are lots of ►

were (17) ....................... (thief). She threw

had big boots on h er (16) ...................... (foot).

(story)

about it. Two old (1) ...................... (lady)

(18) ....................... (potato) and

live inside. Often you can hear strange

(19) ....................... (tomato) at them, and they

(2)

ran away. Be careful! I think the old ladies are

............... (noise) coming from

the house because they’ve got a lot of (3) ...................... (animal). There are

(20) ....................... (witch). b

N o w answer these questions.

some (4) ....................... (canary), three (5) ....................... (goose), seventeen

► Who lives in the house? T.wp.OUJadias..................live in the house.

(6) ...................... (mouse) and two small (7) ..................... (dog) - Last year the canaries

1 W hat can you often hear coming from the house?

had four (8) ....................... (baby). Now it’s very

You can often h e a r ...........................................

noisy because the canaries sing all the time! 2

How many geese have the ladies got? They’ve g o t ...........................................

3 W hat animals had babies last year? ...............had babies last year. 4 W hat animals are there in the forest? T here a r e ................................................................. 5 W hat does the wind move in the trees? The wind m o v es........................................... 6 W hat was strange about the lady the The forest is full of animals, too. There are

children saw?

(9)

She d id n ’t have a n y ...........................................

(fox) and (10)......................

(wolf), and at night you can hear the (11) ...................... (owl) calling. It’s frightening. The wind moves the (12) ....................... (leaf) in the trees and 22

5 Plurals

7 W hat did she throw at the children? She th re w .................................. ............................ 8 W hat does Splodge think the ladies are? He thinks they’r e ...........................................

F x n e plurals of these words (across) into the crossword. •V -ii's the hidden word?

; c bite with y o u r-----------------W hen vou eat, you use fo rk s,------------------------ and spoons. ^et wool from these animals. They’r e

..

Men. women and children a r e ________________ but animals a re n ’t. _____________ are very clever animals. They’re from the dog family. These men chase thieves and robbers. They’r e ----------------------------Thev’re red. You eat them in salads. They’r e ------------------------------Thev’re bad people. They steal things. They’r e ;

--------------------

m t tw o ________________ of bread, please.

Cnxs like ch asin g ___________ 5 lis drivers d riv e ____________ ThevYe very big dogs. But they’re not foxes. They’r e _____________ Young people are c a lle d ------------------------------- Indies have husbands, and m en h a v e -------------------hidden word is Ask your teacher if you can play an alphabet game. Use plurals. Play the game like this:

Pupil Pupil Pupil Pupil Pupil

A B C D E

5 Plurals

Acrobats. Bears. Carrots. Dentists. Eggs.

23

Adjectives 1 Yes, but my mud pies are better than your mud pies, I’m more intelligent than you and I’m more handsome.

I’m older than you and I’m bigger than you.

A D JE C T !^

I

Tick (✓ ) the correct boxes.

•

W ho’s bigger? Splodge □

•

Splodge’s m ud pies are better than the Adjective’s m ud pies. True □ False □

The Adjective □

GRAMMAR

Comparative adjectives are to talk about the difference between two people, animals or things. The word ‘than’ often comes after the comparative adjective.

REMEMBER! O Adjectives tell you m ore about nouns. Adjectives can go before a noun or after the verb be. I t ’s a big mouse.

The mouse is big.

2

Finish the sentences. Use adjectives.

►

It’s

a. taI! tree......................

These comics are funny.-..... 1 H e’s ......................................... 2

T h e ...........................................

3 W e’re ....................................... 4 24

T h e ........................................... 6 Adjectives I

I ’m bigger than you.

My mud pies are better than yours.

3 Circle the comparatives. Splodge Adjective

I’m (nicer) than you. Everybody loves me. I ’m taller than you and I’m m ore

intelligent than you. Splodge

No, you a re n ’t! I ’m m ore interesting

than you and I ’m funnier than you, too!

REMEMBER! ^ >rds are made of syllables. sad sad = one syllable happy hap-py = two syllables beautiful b eau-ti-ful = three syllables 5ee Chapter 39.

-

One, tw o or three syllables? Put the words in the correct columns.

sad ^ run

cow fantastic

bicycle rabbit

One syllable

teacher big boring crocodile funny

Two syllables

animal

Three syllables

5 Fill in the gaps. Use the comparative of the word in brackets. make the comparative of ie-syliable adjectives: —► shorter —► taller —► older —► younger —► newer —► slower

be careful! mce wide

than Tumble, (short)

1 M ildred i s .....................than Mabel, (old)

add er short tall Id •ung new si >w

► Splodge is s h o rta r

+

nicer wider

2

Mud pies a r e ...................... than carrots, (nice)

3

M abel’s cat i s ...................... than Splodge, (young)

4

Ruff i s ...................... than Tum ble, (small)

Be careful! The spelling sometimes changes. Learn these comparatives. fat big hot 6

—► fa tter —► bigger —► hotter

thin fit wet

—► thinner —► fitter —► wetter

W rite sentences. Use comparatives.

► The Adjective / fat / Splodge Tha A djactiva \e fatter than Spjodga,

Splodge / thin / the Adjective

Ruff / fit / Tum ble

6 Adjectives I

25

D It’s easy to make the comparative of most adjectives with m ore than one syllable: more + adjective difficult boring

—►more difficult —►more boring

beautiful interesting

—► more beautiful —► more interesting

7 Look at what Splodge says. Complete the sentences. Use the comparative of the words in brackets.

► A dictionary is .H1PTP boring........................than a comic, (boring) 1 Chemistry i s .............................................than English, (difficult) 2

H e’s .............................................. than his friend, (handsom e)

3

H e ’s .............................................. than his friend, (intelligent)

4

Holidays a r e .............................................than school, (im portant)

E

F

Be careful! Some adjectives with m ore than one syllable end in y:

Some adjectives d o n ’t behave nicely. Learn these comparatives.

change

y

easy

—> easier —► funnier —► heavier

fu n n y h eavy

to i and add er NOT

m o re easy

NOT

m o re fu n n y

NOT

m o re h eavy

W rite sentences.

► Sticky / hungry / Splodge

good bad far

9 Fill in the gaps. Use the comparative of good, bad and far. ► Splodge’s potions are good but R uffs potions are b p t t ? r

Sticky ip hungrier than.Splodge. 1

Splodge / funny / Ruff

Tum ble / heavy / Ruff Tum ble ...........................................

3

Splodge / happy / Mabel Splodge ...........................................

4

Ruff / healthy / Tum ble R u ff...................................................

26

6 Adjectives I

(good) than Splodge’s.

1 Splodge’s homework i s .................... (bad) than his frien d ’s homework.

Splodge ........................................... 2

—► better —► worse —► further

2

Sticky i s .................... (far) away from Splodge than Mabel is.

V

PRACTICE

10 Put the comparatives into the table.

11

a

short

shorter

funny

funnier

Complete the sentences. Use the comparative of the word in brackets.

► Splodge is happier ......... (happy) than his friend.

small

1 His house i s .......... ............ (small) than M abel’s house.

thin

2

His handw riting is ....................... (bad) than Ruff’s.

wide

3

His m ud pies are

fat

4

His rabbit i s .......... ..... ,..... (fat) than M abel’s cat.

old

5

H e ’s ........................ (thin) than Tum ble.

easy

6

His room i s ........................ (big) than Sticky’s box.

tall

7 His school i s ......... ............. (far) from here than the park.

slow

8

H e ’s ........................ (young) than Ruff and Tum ble.

bad

9

His kitchen i s ........ .............. (wide) than M abel’s kitchen.

happy

10 His rabbit i s ........................ (heavy) than M ildred’s parrot.

..................... (tasty) than his frien d ’s.

nice big far young heavy wet hot cold b W o rk with a partner. W rite five sentences about the differences between you. Use the comparative of the words below.

small ✓

young ✓

old

tall

thin

short

heavy

► .My. d ic t io n a r y , jg smaller than .y o u r s ......................................................................... You’re .younger than .me,..............................................................

6 Adjectives I

27

12 Read Splodge’s conversation with Ruff and Tumble. Fill in the gaps.

Tumble

W hat’s wrong, Splodge? You look angry.

Splodge

T hat stupid Adjective says Maths is

► CSSjer

(easy) than English! H e ’s wrong! I think Maths

is (1) ........................................ (difficult) than English. Tumble

Perhaps h e ’s ( 2 )

(intelligent) than

you. Perhaps th at’s why he thinks it’s ( 3 ) ............................. (easy) than English. I think English is difficult too. Splodge

D on’t be silly! Everybody knows that Maths is m ore

difficult and ( 4 ) ........................................ (boring) than English. He also says that h e ’s ( 5 ) ........................................ (good) than I am at Chemistry. I think h e ’s mad! Ruff

I think Chemistry is ( 6 ) ........................................ (im portant)

than English and Maths. Chemistry helps me make magic potions. Splodge

I ’m very good at Chemistry. I make

( 7 ) ......................................... (interesting) potions than you. Ruff

Your potions are ( 8 ) ........................................ (dangerous)

than mine. Last week you changed M abel’s cat into a frog! Splodge

It’s a very nice frog. Frogs are

(9) ........................................ (friendly) than cats. Tumble

Mabel isn’t friendly now. She’s

(10 ) ......................................... (angry) than she was when you pu t worms in her bed!

28

6 Adjectives I

Splodge and the Adjective are having a terrible I'gument. Splodge doesn’t agree with anything ~ e Adjective says! W rite Splodge’s answers to ~ e Adjective. Use the words below.

i ^iish / im portant / Maths k' jrtoise / slow / a cat Vlabel / ugly / M ildred handsom e / you teddy bear / new / your com puter K'olale milkshakes / good / banana milkshakes Mildred's parrot / friendly / M abel’s cat ar hands / dirty / my hands i tiger / dangerous / a rabbit Mrica / hot / the N orth Pole swimming / easy / skating :he Eiffel Tower / big / my house a stone / heavy / a feather Ey^lishis more.

than

important

aths. M

4

§

a

i®

4 Ask your teacher if you can play a class game. Form tw o teams. You don’t agree about anything! Team A, make a sentence. Use a comparative. Team B, you disagree. Say the opposite of Team A ’s sentence.

Team A Skiing is moredangerous than cooking. Team B No, it isn’t! Cooking is more dangerous than skiing. Team B Comics are more interesting than newspapers. Tearn A No, they aren ’t!Newspapers are more interesting than comics.

6 Adjectives I

29

Adjectives 2

I

Tick (✓ ) the correct boxes.

•

W hen they look in the mirror, w ho’s the tallest? Tum ble □ Splodge □ Ruff □

•

W ho’s the most beautiful? Tum ble □ Splodge □

Mabel □

GRAMMAR

2

Circle the superlatives.

Usually Splodge is very small but when he

A Superlative adjectives are to talk about the difference between three or more people, animals or things. The word the comes before the superlative adjective. Fm the tallest! He's the most handsome. 30

7 Adjectives 2

looks in the m irror, h e ’s m e tallest of all his friends. Mabel is the most beautiful and Tum ble is the ugliest. Ruff thinks h e ’s the most handsom e.

: E MEMBER!

is are made of syllables.

> ; itiful 5k Char-er 39.

sad hap-py b eau-ti-ful

= one syllable = two syllables = three syllables

How many syllables have these words got? •Vrite the number.

► cow

QX\6...........

giraffe

...............

-

*°«g

...............

:

boring....... ...............

1 amazing

C Be careful! The spelling sometimes changes. Learn these superlatives. fat —► the fattest thin —►the thinnest big —► the biggest fit —► the fittest hot —► the hottest wet —► the wettest 5 Fill in the gaps. Use the superlative of the words in brackets.

► In Wibble, Ju n e is th a h o t t e e t ............... (hot) m onth of the year. 1 Ruff i s .......................................(fit) person

...............

Splodge knows. 2 make the superlative of one-syllable adjectives: idd

est

—► —► —► mg —► new —► slow —►

in Splodge’s house. 3

the fastest the tallest the oldest the youngest the newest the slowest

Tum ble i s ..................................... (big) person

Splodge i s ..................................... (thin) person in his class.

4

In Wibble, January i s ................................... (wet) m onth.

: be careful! nice dde *

—► the nicest —► the widest

Complete the sentences. Use the superlative of the words in brackets.

► Who’s t.bfi o ld e st ......................( o ld ) ? A T o ’ s ................................................( y o u n g ) ?

t

A~ho’ s ................................................(fa st) r u n n e r ?

Who’s ................................................(slo w ) 1

ru n n er?

C l i o ’ s ...............................................( n ic e ) ?

7 Adjectives 2

31

It’s easy to make the superlative of most adjectives with m ore than one syllable: the most + adjective difficult —► the most difficult boring —► the most boring 6

beautiful interesting

—► the most beautiful > the most interesting

Read what Splodge thinks. W rite sentences.

► English / is / interesting / school subject English is the.m ost interesting, .school.subject..................................... 1

Mabel / is / beautiful / lady / I know

2

I’m / handsom e / pupil / in my class

3

Ruff / is/ interesting / person / I know

4

Dictionaries / are / useful / books

/ I’ve got

E Be careful! Some adjectives with m ore than one syllable end in y: change y to i and add est easy —► the easiest not funny ♦ the f u n n i e s t not heavy * the h e a v ie st not 7

W rite sentences.

► Fizzy Ink is th e. ta s tie s t

(tasty)

Mud pies a r e .......................................(easy) thing in the world to cook.

3

Splodge has g o t .......................................(dirty) hands Tum ble has ever seen.

4 Whales a r e .......................................(heavy) animals in the world. 32

7 Adjectives 2

Fill in the gaps. Use the correct superlative.

marks in the class this week. 1 H e ’s g o t .......................................(bad)

Splodge i s .......................................(funny) person Ruff knows.

2

8

► Splodge has got the .be st....................(good)

drink in the world. 1

F Some adjectives d o n ’t behave nicely. Learn these superlatives. good —► the best bad —► the worst far —► the furthest

handw riting in the class. 2

Ruff in v e n ts.......................................(good) m achines in the world.

3 W hich i s .......................................(far) from Wibble? France, Italy or the N orth Pole?

♦ 'W 9

PRACTICE

Complete the table.

Adjective

Comparative

Superlative

easy

easier

the easiest

happy good

the happiest better

new heavier

the heaviest

big far

further

nice

nicer worse the slowest

thin

thinner

10 i

W rite questions about you and the pupils in your class. Use the words below to help you.

good / handw riting ✓ young ✓ big / feet small / ears old short long / fingers fast / ru n n e r short / hair good / swimmer tall thin ► /ho has g o t t h e best.handwriting .in the class? ..... (Vho’s the youngest .in. the class?...............................

b N o w w rite what you think the answers are on a piece of paper. You may need to guess.

c

Take turns to read your answers to the class. N o w ask your teacher if you can check your answers to see if you’re right. Find out who has got the best handwriting, w ho’s the youngest etc.

7 Adjectives 2

33

11 a

Look at the things below. W rite sentences about them. Use the superlative of the words in brackets.

► washing-up

homework

tidying

Washing-up is th e m o s t boring.

1 cheetahs

snails

dogs

.................................................................................... 2 hippopotam uses

flies

4 the N orth Pole

rabbits

(intelligent)

England India

.................................................................................... cats

(tall)

donkeys

....................................................................................

5

(fast)

giraffes sheep

...*............................................................................... 3 monkeys

(boring)

(cold)

sharks (dangerous)

6

mice

elephants

lions

.................................................................................... 7

cars

aeroplanes

rockets

.................................................................................... 8

rhinoceroses

(big)

cows

(slow)

horses (heavy)

9

gram m ar books

comics

dictionaries

.................................................................................... 10 Geography

English

(interesting)

Maths

....................................................................................

(difficult)

b W o rk with a partner. Take turns to ask and answer questions about the sentences you w rote in 11 a.

► Partner A

34

Partner B

What’s the most oibrWashing-up, homework or tidying? I think homework is the most boring.

Partner B Partner A

Which are the fastest? Cheetahs, snails or dogs? I think ...

7 Adjectives 2

9>

Adverbs of manner

C, CAN YOU MOW THE N FOR ME, PLEASE

I

* I•

TEN MINUTES LATER.... HE DID THAT OUICKLC/ BUT DID HE DO IT WELL- ?

ck (»/) the correct boxes.

Did Mo mow the lawn? Yes □ No □ Has the sheep eaten all the grass yet? Yes □ No □

P

GRAMMAR

REMEMBER! ^ Making an adverb is easy.

: E MEMBER!

^ - : erbs tell you m ore about verbs. Noun Verb Adverb Mo runs. Mo runs quickly.

2

Adjective + ly. Adjective

Adverb

beautiful —► beautifully bad —► badly quick —► quickly

Circle the adverbs.

3 Turn these adjectives into adverbs.

Mo doesn’t like mowing the lawn. He does it

► careful

carefully.......

slowly and he doesn’t do it well. Yesterday Mo

1 perfect

.........................

thought a sheep would mow the grass quickly.

2

slow

.........................

He was wrong. Sheep eat grass slowly. W hen his

3

quiet

.........................

dad saw the sheep, he shouted loudly at Mo.

4

nice

......................... 8 Adverbs of manner

35

REMEMBER! ^ If the adjective ends in y, change y to i and add ly. Adjective Adverb noisy * noisily busy —* busily 4

Fill in the gaps. Use an adverb

► The sheep was eating the grass happily.... (happy).

A Be careful! Use an adjective, n o t an adverb, after these verbs: be, look, feel, smell, taste I ’m happy. You look tired. Mo sometimes feels silly. Those cakes smell good! Ice cream tastes nice. 6

lonely

1 Mo ran upstairs

2

3

4

Complete the sentences. Choose a word from the list below.

happy ^

wet

sweet

tired

...................... (noisy).

► Mo looked happy..... yesterday. He was on holiday.

Mo usually cuts the grass

1 Snapper lo o k s................... He stayed up late last night.

...................... (messy).

2

Do milkshakes ta s te ................ ?

Mo ran round the garden

3

Mo never fe e ls .................. H e ’s always with Snapper.

......................(busy).

4

Mo and Snapper played in the rain. They were v e ry ..............

M o’s dad shouted ........................(angry).

R E M E M B E R !^ Be careful! Learn these. Adjective Adverb good fast hard

—* well fast —► hard

Snapper plays football well. Mo runs fast. Mo doesn t work hard.

7

► Mo doesn’t write neatly .HSStjy....................................... 1

2

M o’s dad sometimes d riv e s ...........................................

(fast)

3

Mo doesn’t do anything ...............................................

(quiet)

4

Snapper dances ...............................................................

(bad)

5

Milly never puts her toys aw ay ......................................

(tidy)

6

M o’s m um plays the piano ...........................................

(good)

Milly often talks very ...

7

Snapper and Mo never w o rk

(hard)

quick. □

8

Snapper learns new things very ...................................

(quick)

M o’s dad works ...

9

Mo can ’t spell ‘hippopotam us’ .....................................

(correct)

hard. □

10 Snapper thinks he d iv es.................................................

slowly. ffl'

fast. □

1 Snapper does M o’s homework ... messy. □

36

Mo told Snapper a joke. Snapper laughed (loud)

► Sheep eat grass ...

3

(neat)

v e ry ......................................................................................

5 Tick the correct words.

2

Finish the sentences. Use an adverb.

well. □

fast. □

good. □ 8 Adverbs of manner

................................

(beautiful)

3

Read Mo and Snapper’s conversation. Fill in the gaps. Use an adverb.

Mo

I’m learning to dive but I can’t do it very ► .W?J[............ (good). Can you teach me?

m ap p er

Yes, of course I can. You know I dive (1) .............................

ibeautiful). Go and stand by the pool. W hen I ’m ready, watch (2)

(careful) and I ’ll show you a perfect dive.

And please d o n ’t make a noise. I need to think 3) .............................(hard) when I ’m diving. Mo

You can swim (4) .......................... (fast), can’t you?

m ap p er

Yes. Crocodiles need to swim fast to catch fish. They go

5) .........................(quiet) and (6) ............................(slow) behind the fish to get near them but then they swim (7) .........................(quick) and catch them. Did you know that crocodiles can ’t chew very (8)

(good)? Their teeth a re n ’t the right shape for

chewing fish. Mo

T h at’s strange. How do they eat the fish?

Snapper

They eat stones. The stones break the fish into small pieces

inside the crocodile’s stomach. It works (9) .......................... (perfect). Mo :

Now I know why you eat so (10) ..........................(messy). Cross out the wrong words. Look at the verbs and think carefully!

► Crocodiles look dapge^ously/dangerous but they d o n ’t usually eat people. Crocodiles can’t move quickly/quick when they’re out of the water. .

Crocodiles can’t run quick/fast on land. Snapper thinks fish and chips smell nicely/nice.

-

He says that fish and chips taste delicious/deliciously. Crocodiles can see good/w ell underwater. Crocodiles look different/differently from alligators. When crocodiles feel hotly/hot, they go into the water.

'

Crocodiles d o n ’t usually look busy/busily. Snapper thinks Mo looks funnily/funny when he dives. Mo thinks that stones taste horribly/horrible.

8 Adverbs of manner

37

REVISION 2 - nouns; adjectives; adverbs

I

Fill in the gaps with a singular or plural verb. Use the verbs below.

make

be

like

5

taste

A m o u s e .................a small animal. C h e e se .................nice. M ic e ...............cheese.

Look at the examples below. W rite the comparatives of these adjectives.

big

—► bigger

soft

—► softer

o l d .........................

nice .

f i t .........................

good

M ilk ............... your bones strong. 6

2 Read the words and answer the question. tomato fox bus watch brush

Splodge’s bed is more comfortable than R u ff’s bed.

~►tomatoes ~ ►foxes —►buses —►watches —►brushes

W hat letters do you add to nouns ending in

Read the example and complete the rule.

To make the comparative of adjectives with m ore than one syllable, w rite .......................... + adjective. 7

W rite the comparatives of these adjectives.

o, x, s, ch and sh to make them plural?

fu n n y ...........................

h a p p y ......................

You a d d ..................................

easy .............................

heavy.....................

3 Read the examples. Complete the rule. This is a baby and that’s a fairy. Splodge doesn’t like babies orfairies. If a noun ends in consonant + y, change y t o

and a d d ............

8

Read the examples. Finish the rule.

Who is the smallest, R u ff Tumble or Splodge ? Which is the most dangerous, a lion, a mouse or a shark ? Superlative adjectives are to talk about the difference b e tw ee n .......................... or m ore

4 W rite the plurals of the words below. a person

two .

a mouse

five .

one foot

two .

one sheep ten . a child

four

one fish

six ..

people, animals or things. 9 Read the example and tick the correct boxes. Splodge runs fast and talks quickly. Adverbs tell you m ore about ... nouns. □

verbs. □

10 Make adverbs from the adjectives.

n ic e .........................

h a r d .........................

easy .........................

fa s t.........................

g o o d .........................

38

REVISION 2

C\

I

ck

Be

( to talk about yourself, other people, animals I ; :ngs. The past simple of be is to talk about a now. The present simple of be is to talk ■ at now. Look: Before now Now Mo was really scared. Mo is happy now. They were students. They’re doctors now.

3 Fill in the gaps. Use the correct form of be.

Z Circle all the forms of be.

► I Tf)............ (be) good at football.

There(was)a noise outside. Mo was frightened. He called Snapper. Snapper wasn’t frightened. He went to look at the monster. Mo said it was huge but it wasn’t very big. It was a small

1 H e ................. (n o t/b e) M o’s friend. 2

T h e y ............... (be) at school today.

3

T h e y ................ (be) eight years old.

4

S h e ................ (n o t/b e) as old as Mo.

black cat. 9 Be

39

REMEMBER! ^ Make the past simple of be like this: Positive + Negative I / h e /s h e / it was I / h e /s h e / it wasn’t w e/y o u /th ey were w e/y o u /th ey weren’t 4

Fill in the gaps. Use the past simple of be.

► Mo says he

t ..... really scared of the cat.

1

Snapper and M o ....................at hom e yesterday. They were fishing.

2

M o .....................ten years old last year. H e’s eleven now.

3

M o’s friend P a d .....................at school yesterday. He was ill.

4

Mo and M illy.....................hungry last night. They d id n ’t eat their food.

REMEMBER! ^ there’s (there is) and there are are to talk about things that you know exist. Use there’s with one thing and there are with two or m ore things. One (Singular) Two or more (Plural) There’s a cat in the room. There are two people in the room. 5

Choose t h e r e ’s or th e r e a re.

► Thera’s ............... a big swimming-pool near M o’s school. 1.... ........................... twenty pupils in M o’s class. 2............................... a girl called Polly in M o’s class. 3................................three French lessons every week. 4............................... a football m atch every Saturday.

A there was and there were are to talk about things that you know existed in the past. Use there was with one thing and there were with two or more. One (Singular) Two or more (Plural) There was a cat outside. There were no monsters outside. There was a party at M o’s house. There were lots of people there. 6

Complete the sentences. Use th e r e w as or th e r e w e re .

Mo and Snapper went to the river to fish. ►Th?f?.M?n?........... some boys swimming in the river, and (1) .............................. some children playing on the river bank. (2) ................................a boat and (3) ................................two fisherm en in it. Mo looked at the boat. (4) ................................lots of fish in the fisherm en’s nets. 40

9 Be

fW

PRACTICE

Cnoose a word from each column. *** nte ten correct sentences.

M

y

school

We The neighbours M' teacher Snapper Vh friends ■on

am is are am not isn’t a re n ’t

Vh p a r e n t s T hev

happy tall a boy a crocodile young a girl nice funny clever big friendly

a boy..

I

1

n the gaps. Use the past simple of be. ►

.. (not) at school last week. He (1) .....................on

iday. He and Snapper (2) .....................at the beach. All their —ends (3) .................... with them , too. Milly (4) there. She (5) .........

(not)

at her friend’s house. M o’s m um and

-d 6) .....................at hom e. They (7) ................... very happy > cause the house (8) .................... very quiet. M o’s neighbours also pleased because Mo (10) ................... (not) c: e. He always makes a lot of noise.

9 Be

41

9 Look at the tw o pictures. W h a t differences can you see? W rite sentences. Use the present and the past.

^ Yesterday, there were two fishermen. Today there, are three.fishermen.

1 ..................................................................................................... 2 ..................................................................................................................................................... 3

.....................................................................................................................................

4

.....................................................................................................................................

5

.....................................................................................................................................

6

................................................................................................

7

................................................................................................................ ....................

8

........................................................................................................................

9

.....................................................................................................................................

10 ................................................................................................ 42

9 Be

Present simple 1

-I> E S ARE BEAUTIFUL ANIMALS.

ZROCODILES ARE CRE BEAUTIFUL.

FDXES HAVE6 0 T SOFT FUR AND THEY’ RE VERY CLEVER. THEY ALWAYS HUNT

AT NIGHT, YOU KNOW.

FOXES EAT MICE, RATS, BIRDS AND RABBITS.

ANO CROCODILES EAT BOYS WHO TALK ABOUT FOXES ALL THE TIME.

CROCODILES ARE MUCH CLEVERER

ck (✓) the correct boxes. - xcs always h u n t during he day. True □ False □ Foxes eat ... r_:ce. □ boys. □

GRAMMAR REMEMBER! ^ The present simple is to talk about things that you do again and again. Foxes hunt at night. Foxes eat mice, rats, birds and rabbits. Mo goes to school every day. Snapper reads a lot of comics. 2

Fill in the gaps.

► I often w rite 1 Mo 2

(write) letters at the weekend. (walk) to school every day.

S n a p p e r................... (help) Mo with his homework every night.

3 We d o n ’t ................... (go) to bed before nine o ’clock. 4

T h e y .................. (play) football on Saturdays.

10 Present simple I

43

REMEMBER! ^ Positive + I/w e /y o u /th e y walk h e /s h e /it walks 3

Negative 1 /w e/y o u /th ey don’t walk h e /s h e /it doesn’t walk

W rite sentences. Use the words below.

► S n a p p e r/ eat / a lot of biscuits

S n ap p er e a ts , a lot of b is c u its...............

1 Mo / not play / hockey

.........................................................................

2

Spike / listen to / loud music

.........................................................................

3

Milly / not read / newspapers

.........................................................................

4

M o’s parents / go to / the th e a tr e .........................................................................

REMEMBER! ^ Question Do I/w e /y o u /th e y run? Does h e /s h e /it run?

4

Short answer Yes, I/w e /y o u /th e y do. No, I/w e /y o u /th e y don’t. Yes, h e /s h e /it does. No, h e /s h e /it doesn’t.

Answer the questions.

► Does Snapper go to school?

.N.Q«

.doesfl/■..........

1 Does Mo go to school?

.....................................

2

Do you eat a lot of biscuits?

.....................................

3

Do your friends watch television?

.....................................

4

Does your English teacher teach Maths?

.....................................

REMEMBER! ^ You can use adverbs of frequency with the present simple, always, often, usually, sometimes, rarely, never Foxes always hunt at night. Snapper often laughs at Mo. 5

W rite sentences. Use the words below.

► Foxes / eat / often / mice and birds

Foxes, often e a t jTiice and birds.

1 Snapper / goes to school / rarely........................................................................... 2

hits Mo / sometimes / Spike....................................................................................

3

always / Mo / gets up late.........................................................................................

4

M o’s parents / go to the cinem a / often

44

10 Present simple I

...........................................................

W

PRACTICE

^ead M o’s story about the Snafflewag. Fill in the gaps. Use the present simple.

The Snafflewag ►

(live)

underground. First

1 ) .................. (find) a safe place near a tree to make home. T hen it (2) I: 3 )

(dig) a large hole.

(live) in a group with other

Snafflewags. Each hole usually (4)

(have) six

x:iafflewags in it. They (5) ................... (use) one large le to live in and they (6) ................... (build) seven innels. They (7) ................... (sleep) during the day and lev only (8) ................... (come) out at night to hunt. They (9) .................. (hunt) in groups of three. The biggest Snafflewag in the group (10) ................... (run) head. He (11) .................. (look) for insects and small animals to til

The two smaller Snafflewags (1 2 )

(stay) a m etre

ehind him. They (13) .................. (carry) the insects and snails ■ick to their home. The big Snafflewag never (14) .................. :arry) anything and he always eats before the others.

a> % 4ow read and answer the questions.

* I *Snafflewags live in houses? ' vT th a y don’t.. They Jjve underground,.......

5

Which Snafflewag runs ahead?

T iere do Snafflewags build their holes? 6 W hat do the small Snafflewags carry? i! E j Snafflewags live alone? 7 I >Snafflewags sleep in the day or at night?

•

»Snafflewags h u n t alone?

Does the big Snafflewag carry insects and snails? .............................................................

8 Which Snafflewag eats first?

10 Present simple I

45

7

a W o rk alone o r with a partner. Think of an animal that you like. It can be a real animal, or you can invent one. W rite about your animal. Answer the questions.

► W here does it live?

.V IilVP.3. Qb. .3 . branch

jn a ta ll tree..

1 Can you describe it? ...........................................................................

2 W hen does it sleep?

3 W hen does it eat?

4 W hat does it eat?

5 W hat does it drink?

6

Does it live alone or in a group?

7 W hat can it do? Can it swim, climb trees, ru n fast?

8

Does it make a noise?

b W o rk with a partner. Choose a different partner if you did 7a with a friend. Take turns to ask and answer questions about your animals.

46

Partner A Partner B

Does it live in the garden ? Yes, it does.

Partner A Partner B

Does it run fast? No, it doesn't.

Partner A Partner B

Does it make a noise? No, it doesn't. It's a tortoise.

10 Present simple I

Present simple 2

I

• *

•

ck (* /) the correct boxes.

Look at the first three pictures. Does Mo think th e re ’s a ghost in the room? Yes □ Does Snapper want to go to sleep? Yes □

No □

No □

GRAMMAR

: EMEMBER! ^ ! Lte the present simple like this: Positive + NegativeI w e/y ou/they like 1 /w e/y o u /th ey don’t like he s h e /it likes h e /s h e /it doesn’t like I

: I in the gaps. Use the present simple of the verbs in brackets.

Mo ►th in k s

(think) th e re ’saghost in his bedroom .

Snapper ( 1 ) ............................................ (not / believe) in ghosts. He ( 2 )

(think) Mo is silly. Mo and

Snapper ( 3 ) ............................................ (not / know) what the noise is. Snapper (4) ........................................... (want) to go to sleep. H e’s tired! II Present simpl

REMEMBER! ^ Question Do I/w e /y o u /th e y like?

Short answer Yes, I/w e /y o u /th e y do. No, I/w e /y o u /th e y don’t.

Does h e /s h e /it like?

Yes, h e /s h e /it does. No, h e /s h e /it doesn’t.

3 Make questions and short answers. Use like. ► P 063 .... Snapper JjK?

fish? Yes, he AQee...............

1

y o u ................chocolate? Yes, I .................. .......

2

M o ................Spike? No, h e ..........................

3..

w e ................ice cream? Yes, w e ..........................

4

M illy................homework? No, s h e ....................

REMEMBER! ^ Use the present simple with like, love and hate, n o t the present continuous. You can use a noun or an ing form after like, love and hate. Mo hates Spike. n o t Mo is hating Spiker Mo hates shopping. NOT

Snapper likes fish.

A Be careful! This is im portant. Also use these verbs in the present simple, n o t the present continuous: think, understand, believe, know, want Mo believes in ghosts. n o t Mo is believing in ghosts. Mo doesn’t understand Spanish. n o t Mo isn’t understanding Spanish. Snapper knows everything. n o t Snapper is knowing everything. Mo doesn’t think Spike is nice.

NOT

Milly loves playing. n o t Milly is loving playingr

4 W rite tw o things that you like and tw o things that you hate. ► J. like ra b b its .............................

Snapper wants to play outside. Snapper is wanting to play outside.

not

5

► Snapper .doesnt? b?Ji?Y£ 1 Snapper

.................................................................

2

.....................................

3

...................................................

4

...................................................

2

I I Present simple 2

(think) crocodiles are

M o ........................................................ (not / know) that Snapper is angry with him.

3

S n a p p e r........................................................ (understand) Maths.

4

Mo and S n a p p e r......................................................... (not / believe) in monsters.

48

(not / believe) in ghosts.

cleverer than people.

J.ha.ta. shopping.,................. 1

Fill in the gaps. Use the present simple of the verbs in brackets.

PRACTICE i l

*Vrite ten sentences to say what you like, love and _ook at the list below if you want some ideas.

swim / in the sea books -peak / English egetables play / games do / homework frogs . . J.

£*.

Have your friends seen an a lie n ? .................. ..... ............... -

Have you eaten a b u rg e r? ......................................... Have you and your friends drunk Fizzy In k ? ...........................

- Have you swum in a riv er?......................................... 17 Present perfect simple I

77

^ 8

PRACTICE Splodge is thinking about all the things he’s done in his life. Look at the pictures. W rite sentences in the present perfect. Use the verbs below to help you.

see / win

wash drive talk eat drink visit

fly

find

build

► Splodge.has.seen, the Taj.Ma ha I ...................

1

6

2.... ............... ...................................................................

7

3

8

4

...................................................................................

5 78

9

10 17 Present perfect simple I

:

Splodge is asking his friend Lionel the Penguin lots of questions. Read their conversation. Fill in the gaps.

'olodge

► H ave.................you ever

(eat) a m ud pie,

Lionel? Lionel

No, I haven’t. But I (1) .........................(eat) some delicious

10 a W h a t have you never done? W rite five sentences on a piece of paper. W h a t are the best things you’ve done in your life? W rite five more sentences.

fish. I love fish. splodge

b N o w swap papers with a

Yuck. I hate fish. (2) .........................your friends ever

partner. Take turns to read his or her answers to the class.

......................(go) to other countries? Lionel

Yes, of course! My friend H ector (3) .........................

► Pupil A

.................... (travel) round Australia three times. splodge Lionel

(4) .........................he e v e r....................... (see) a kangaroo? Yes, he has. But he (5) .........................never

He’s never ridden a camel. Pupil B She’s visited the Pyramids in Egypt.

.........................(meet) a koala. I know lots of koalas. T h e re ’s a very friendly koala at Wibble Zoo. splodge

Great! Can we go and see him? I want to talk to him.

I (6) ................ n e v e r.......................... (speak) to a koala in my life. Lionel splodge Lionel

No, we can’t. He (7) ......................... (go) to New Zealand. Is he coming back soon? H e ’s coming back next summer. You can m eet him then.

(8) .........................you e v e r.......................... (go) to New Zealand, Splodge? splodge

No, never. I want to go but Ruff and Tum ble say it’s too

expensive. I (9) .........................n e v e r.......................... (fly) in a plane. We always go everywhere in M abel’s car. It’s boring! Lionel

You (10) .........................n e v e r.......................... (swim)

underw ater either. T hat isn’t boring. I can teach you. It’s m ore fun than flying!

17 Present perfect simple I

79

11

a

How many times have you done these things in your life? Use the present perfect.

► eat / frogs’ legs Jye never eaten frog s’.legs. Qr .I

eaten frogs’ legs three times,

1 make / a cake .......................................................................................................................... 2

see / a rainbow .......................................................................................................................

3 walk / on the moon .............................................................................................................. 4

play / on a b e a c h ....................................................................................................................

5

visit / a dentist ........................................................................................................................

6

read / a comic ........................................................................................................................

7 fall / off a bicycle....................................................... ............................................................ 8

swim / with a dolphin ............................................................................................................

9

m eet / a famous person ........................................................................................................

10 buy / b u b b le g u m .................................................................................................................... b W ork with a partner. Take turns to ask and answer the questions in I la. Use short answers. ► Partner A Partner B Partner A

Howmany times have you played on a beach ? I ’ve played on a beach four times. How many times have you bought bubblegum ? I ’ve never bought bubblegum. How many times ...

12

b

a W o rk with a partner. W rite five questions to ask some other pupils. You can ask anything you like. Use ever and the present perfect.

Have you ever been to New York?................ Have you ever talked to an elephant?..........

Take turns to ask and answer your questions with other pupils.

► Partner A Partner B Partner B Partner A

Have you ever been to New York ? Yes, I have. Have you ever talked to an No,Ihaven’t.

13 Play a game of True or False. Take turns to say a sentence each. Your friends must guess if you’re telling the truth or not. Play the game like this:

Pupil A Fve never been to the cinema. False. Class Pupil A Yes, it’s false. Pupil B Fve been to Canada. True. Class Pupil 6 No, it’s false. Pupil C Fve eaten snails. False. Class Pupil C No, it’s true! 80

17 Present perfect simple I

% \

Present perfect simple 2 &

-ERE’S A PLATE FOR THE 31RTHDAY CAKE.

HAVE YOU SE E N THE CAKE YET ?

OH YES, IT1S. IT’S VERY N IC E .

NO, NOT YET. ! HOPE IT’S A CHOCOLATE CA K E.

Tick (✓ ) the correct boxes.

Has Snapper seen the cake? Yes □

No □

Look at the last picture. Who do you think ate the piece of cake? Snapper □ Mo □ Pad □

REMEMBER! 4} T here are words called past participles. You need them to make the present perfect. Base verb Past simple Past participle work worked worked smile smiled smiled Be careful! Some past participles are n o t so easy.

GRAMMAR

eat sing

ate sang

eaten sung

T h ere’s a list of past participles on page 186. Learn them now. The present perfect simple is to talk about things hat happened a short time before now but that are 'till im portant now.

3

Base verb

Past simple

Past participle

walk

walked

walked

1

invite

invited

2

see

saw

M o(^aseaten)a piece of P ad’s cake. Snapper

3

send

sent

has drunk all the orange juice. Billy and

4

wrap

w rapped

Sophie have broken the plates. Milly has put

5

cut

cut

Somebody has eaten a piece of my cake. Pad has sent the invitations. 2

Fill in the table.

Circle the verbs that are in the present perfect.

chewing gum on all the chairs, and Spike has unw rapped all Pad’s presents! 18 Present perfect simple 2

81

REMEMBER! ^ Positive + I’ve/w e’v e/y o u ’v e/th ey ’ve worked he’s /s h e ’s / i t ’s worked

Negative 1 /w e/y o u /th ey haven’t worked h e /s h e /it hasn’t worked

See Chapter 17.

4

Make the positive sentences negative, and the negative sentences positive.

► Snapper has seen the cake.

He h&en t.s e e n th e cake.....................

Mo hasn’t eaten a piece of cake.

He.6 eaten, a piece of cake.................

1 Pad’s party hasn’t started.

..................................................................

2

Pad’s friends haven’t arrived.

..................................................................

3

Pad has cut the cake.

..................................................................

4

They’ve given Pad a present.

..................................................................

R E M E M B E R !^ Q uestion

Short answer

Have I/w e /y o u /th e y worked? Has h e /s h e /it worked?

Yes, I/w e /y o u /th e y have. No, I/w e /y o u / they haven’t. Yes, h e /s h e /it has. No, h e /s h e /it hasn’t.

See Chapter 17.

5

Make questions and short answers.

► H a s ..............Mo seen

(see) Pad?

1..... ..................P a d ...................(cut) the cake? 2

Pad’s

frie n d s ... (arrive)?

3

..................th e y .................. (eat)

the biscuits?

4

..................M o ....................(talk) to Pad?

B W hen you’re talking about things that happened a short time before now, you can use the present perfect and these words: just, already, not yet. Mo has just eaten the cake. = He ate the cake a m inute or two ago. Mo has already eaten the cake. = He ate the cake before I expected him to eat it. Mo hasn ’t eaten the cake yet. = Up to now he hasn’t eaten the cake. 82

18 Present perfect simple 2

Yes, he has...................... N o ,................................... Y es,.................................... N o ,................................... Y es,...................................

6

Tick the correct boxes.

Snapper has ju st made a large milkshake. He m ade it ... last week. □ a few m inutes ago. □ Mo has already done his homework. Is his homework finished now? Yes □ No □ Milly hasn’t done her homework yet. Is h er homework finished now? Yes □ No □

c You can use yet in questions. Has Mo eaten the cake yet? = Has Mo eaten the cake up to now? 7

Make questions. Use the present perfect and y e t.

► Snapper / see / the cake Ha

e S n a pp a r

s e e n t h a .c a k a .y a t ? ..............................................

Pad / unw rapped / his presents

— Pad’s friends / arrived

Pad / cut / the cake

- Mo and Snapper / write / Pad’s card

^ 3

PRACTICE Mo and Snapper are getting ready to go to Pad’s party. Complete their conversation. Use the present perfect.

Snapper

W e’re going to be late for the party.

You ► hsyen’t.finished Mo

Snapper, (1) ............................... y o u ......................................... (wrap) Pad’s present?

Snapper Mo

(3) ............................... y o u ......................................... (buy) a birthday card for him yet?

No, b ut I (4) ......................................... (draw) one. H ere it is. It’s good, isn’t it?

Snapper Mo

No, of course not. You (2) ......................................... (not / give) it to me. W here is it?

I d o n ’t know! It m ight be on the kitchen table.

Snapper Mo

(not / finish) tidying up yet!

Yes, very nice. (5) .............................. y o u

No. You can do that. (6) I

Snapper

(write) inside it? (not / change) into my clean clothes yet.

No, you haven’t. And you ( 7 ) ......................................... (not / wash) your hands,

and you (8)

(not / comb) your hair, and you

(9) ........................................(not / clean) your shoes. Mo

Snapper!

Snapper

And you (10) ........................................(not / find) Pad’s present yet.

18 Present perfect simple 2

83

9 Look at all the things Pad’s mum and dad have to do for the party. They’ve done some things but they haven’t done everything.

a W rite ten sentences. Use the present perfect and already or yet. ► They’ve already w ra p p e d the presents,....................................... They, haven’t.hung. the.

card s. up. yet.....................

W rap the p resen ts. 'S

the caVtfe t\p. Seiftd the invitations.

\S

Make the choctflaTe. ca.Vz.y' bee© rate the foow\. \ / Put Hie candlei. ev\ the cake. Cut the samdwickes. \S Choose the music. Bak.e the *b-fscuit£- v '''

Buy +Vie pv'iaes. La^ the table. ^ Hide the presents.

b

W o rk with a partner. Take turns to ask and answer questions about the list in 9a. Use short answers.

► Partner A Partner B Partner A

Havethey sent the invitations Yes, they have. Have they put the candles on the cake yet? No, they haven ’t.

10 W h a t do you think Mo has just done? Read the list. Say ten sentences. Use the present perfect and just. There are some verbs below if you need help.

have / a bath break \ / wake up hide smash

turn on eat

miss fall over tell / a joke drink

► The kitchen window is broken. Mo has just broken the window. 1 M o’s dad can’t find his briefcase. 2

Mo is sleepy. H e’s still wearing his pyjamas.

3

T here isn’t any cake left.

4

T here isn’t any lem onade, either.

5

The school bus has left and Mo is still at home.

6

Milly is laughing.

7 The television is on. 8

M o’s m um ’s favourite vase is broken.

9

Mo is wet.

10 Mo has got a bruise on his knee. 84

18 Present perfect simple 2

Cfr Present perfect simple 3

II

Tick (✓ ) the correct boxes.

•

Lionel has had a car for ... five years. □ eleven years. □

•

Splodge is ... eight years old. □ eleven years old. □

GRAMMAR A The present perfect simple is to talk about things that started in the past and that are still happening now. How long have you had your carl I’ve had it for eleven years. = I bought the car eleven years ago, and I’ve still got it now. How long has Mabel had a carl She’s had a car since 1996. = Mabel bought the car in 1996, and she’s still got it now. You can use how long to ask questions with the present perfect simple. How long has Splodge known Lionell 2

Read the sentences. Tick the correct boxes.

► Splodge has had his rabbit, Sticky, for six years. Has he got Sticky now? Yes No □ 1 Mabel has lived next door for a long time. Does she live next door now? Yes □ No □ 2 M ildred has had a parrot since 1997. Has she got a p arrot now? Yes □ No □ 19 Present perfect simple 3

REMEMBER!

3

T here are words called past participles. You need them to make the present perfect.

Fill in the table.

Base verb

Past simple

Past participle had

Base verb

Past simple

Past participle

►

have

had

work live

worked lived

worked lived

1

live

lived

2

study

studied

3

be

was

4

know

knew

5

like

liked

Be careful! Some past participles a re n ’t so easy. know go

knew went

known been

T h ere’s a list of these on page 186. Learn them now.

R E M E M B E R !^ Positive +

Negative -

Fve/w e’ve/youV e/they’ve worked he’s/sh e ’s /it ’s worked

I/w e /y o u /th e y haven’t worked h e /s h e /it hasn’t worked

See Chapter 17.

4

Fill in the gaps. Usethe present perfect.

► Splodge hasn’t.s e e n ................. (not / seen) Lionel for a week. 1 R u ff

(lived) in Wibble all his life.

2

M ab e l......................................... (had) a car since 1996.

3

T u m b le ....................................... (not / written) a letter for a long time.

4

S p lo d g e....................................... (not / been) to school since last Monday.

R E M E M B E R !^ Question Have I /w e /y o u / they worked?

Yes, I/w e /y o u /th e y have. No, I/w e /y o u /th e y haven’t. Yes, h e /s h e /it has. No, h e /s h e /it hasn’t.

Has h e /s h e /it worked?

5

Short answer

Make questions and short answers.

H as

Splodge seen

(seen) Mabel since Friday?

Yes, he has.

1

R u ff................ (been) ill since last year?

N o ,............

2

th e y ................ (lived) next door for years?

Y es,............

3

R u ff................ (known) Tum ble for a long time?

Y es,............

4

Ruff and T u m b le ................. (been) on holiday?

N o ,............

86

19 Present perfect simple 3

B V>e for with the present perfect simple to talk _ •out a length of time, e.g. five years, two nonths, a week, three days, an hour. I've lived herefor a month. = O ne m onth is the length of time I ’ve lived here, and I still live here. Mildred has had a parrot for ten years. = Ten years is the length of time she’s had a parrot, and she’s still got it. :

Answer the questions.

► Splodge has been asleep for an hour. How long has he been asleep? An hour............. Tum ble has known M ildred for ten years. How long has he known her?

8 Look at the words below. Do they go with for or since? W rite them in the correct boxes. Saturday */ a week a m onth last week three m inutes half past two 1999 a long time

five years ^ 15 July January six m onths five o ’clock Friday a year

I was a baby last Monday I was ten an hour half an hour four weeks last term

For ...

Since ...

five years

Saturday

_ Lionel has been at Wibble Zoo for six months. How long has he been there?

C Use since with the present perfect simple to say h e n som ething started, e.g. 1995, last year, Last month, September, Monday, ten o’clock. I ’ve lived here since 1995. = I started to live here in 1995. Tumble has had a headache since ten o'clock. = His headache started at ten o ’clock. 7

Finish the sentences. Use

since and a time.

► I’ve been at school I haven’t been to the cinem a

2 I’ve known my best friend

3 I’ve lived in my town

morning.......

W o rk with a partner. Take turns to ask and answer the questions below.

W hat W hat W hat W hat

haven’t you haven’t you haven’t you haven’t you

done done done done

since since since since

last week? you were a baby? this morning? last Friday?

Partner A What haven’t you done since last week ? Partner B I havenYbought a comic since last week. Partner B What haven Yyou done since last week ? Partner A I haven Yeaten chocolate since last week.

4 I haven’t written a letter 19 Present perfect simple 3

87

10 First, w rite the day, month and year it is now. Then w rite new sentences. Use the present perfect simple and fo r. Think carefully!

W hat day of the week is it now? It’s .................................................. W hat m onth is it now?

It’s ..................................................

W hat year is it now?

It’s ..................................................

► M ildred has had a new m otorbike since yesterday. She’s had. a .new.motorbike for a .d a y ............................................... 1 Ruff and Tum ble have had a com puter since Sunday. T h e y .......................................................................................................... 2

Splodge has been at school since 1998. He .............................................................................................................

3

Ruff has had an Eggbomb m achine since last June. He ....................................................................................

4

Tum ble has had a headache since Tuesday. He ....................................................................................

5

M ildred and Mabel have lived next door since 1995. T h e y ...............................................................................................

6

Splodge is eleven. H e ’s lived with Ruff and Tum ble since he was born. He ..................................................................................................

7

Lionel has been at Wibble Zoo since January. He ..................................................................................................

8

Mabel has looked after h er n eighbour’s mouse since 1998.

sNii

She ................................................................................................. 9

Splodge has known Lionel since February. He ..................................................................................................

10 Mabel has had a car since 1996. She ................................................

19 Present perfect simple 3

1 1 Look at all the things Tumble hasn’t done! W rite negative sentences. Use since and the words below.

► read a book / last week Ho

p

book oirico

vyook.

speak to M ildred / T h u rsd a y .................................................................... .

go to the shops / S a tu rd a y ........................................................................ have a party / his last b irth d a y .................................................................

- listen to the radio / S e p te m b e r............................................................... 5 see a film / 10 O ctober ............................................................................. buy new clothes / last year ........................................................................ tell Splodge a story / Tuesday n ig h t ....................................................... * draw a picture / he was ten ...................................................................... write a letter / June .................................................................................... do the washing-up / Friday .................................................

I 2 Ask your teacher if you can play a class game. Team A, say a silly sentence in the negative with for or since. Team B, say Team A ’s sentence, but exaggerate. Then swap. Play the game like this:

► Team A We haven't eaten anything since last week. Team B We haven't eaten anything for a year! Team B We haven't done any homework since February. Team A We haven't done any homework since we were eight! Team A We haven't written a letterfor six months. Team B We haven't written a letterfor six years! 19 Present perfect simple 3

89

^

Going to and will 1

'

i m n o t g o in g t o p m y FOOTBALL TODAY. I'M GOIMG TO DO MY HOMEWORK.

/

/

J ii>

Tick (✓ ) the correct boxes.

Look at the first picture. W hat has Mo decided to do? Do his homework □ Play football □ Look at the last picture. W hat does Mo decide to do? Do his homework □ Play football □

GRAMMAR REMEMBER! ^ going to is for things that you have decided to do in the future. Mo is g o in g to do his homework. I ’m g o in g to go to the cinema tonight. They ’re g o in g to have a party tomorrow. 2

Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of going to.

► M o’s teacher \P.

.PQ.......... go shopping tomorrow.

1 M illy............................... play tennis this evening.

90

2

S n a p p e r............................... lie in the sun this afternoon.

3

M o’s p a re n ts ............................... visit some friends tonight.

4

M o ............................... buy new football boots on Monday.

20 Going to and will I

EM E M B E R !^ Positive + I’m going to he’s/sh e ’s /it ’s going to we’re/you’re/they’re going to I

Negative Pm not going to h e /s h e /it isn’t going to w e/you/they aren’tgoing to

Rewrite the sentences. Use going to.

► Mo has decided to go swimming. He’s. going, t o .go owimming,................................................... Mo’s parents have decided not to go on holiday. They, a r e n ' t .going t o .go.on.h o lid a y . ........................................ Mo’s parents have decided to buy a new car.

_ Milly has decided not to do her homework.

Snapper has decided n ot to go to bed.

- Snapper and Mo have decided to write a book.

REMEMBER! ^ Question Am I going to?

Short answer Yes, I am. No, Pm not.

Is h e /s h e /it going to?

Yes, h e /s h e /it is. No, h e /s h e /it isn’t.

Are w e/yo u /th ey going to?

-

►

.

Yes, w e/you/th ey are. No, w e/yo u /th ey aren’t.

Make questionsand short answers.

Mo 0.QIO.0.P.Q

play football?

Yes, h.