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• Cristina Ferreras

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PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE vs PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS http://www.aulafacil.com/Ingejerc/Lecciones/Lecc21.htm

1.- Present perfect continuous Esta forma verbal se emplea cuando interesa destacar la acción en sí misma más que el resultado; no se precisa si la acción ha finalizado o no (la acción comenzó en el pasado y puede que acabe de terminar o que incluso continúe). I have been reading a book (resalto lo que he estado haciendo; no indico si he finalizado el libro o no) Este tiempo se utiliza también para indicar la duración de una acción que comenzó en el pasado (y que acaba de finalizar o aún continúa). I have been playing tennis for two hours I have been waiting for him for 1 hour (puede que la otra persona acabe de llegar o que yo aún siga esperando; el contexto determinará un sentido u otro) El empleo de este tiempo indica que el emisor considera que la duración ha sido larga. 2.- Present perfect simple Describe una acción que comenzó en el pasado y que acaba de finalizar. Pone el énfasis en el resultado y no en la acción en si misma. I have read a book (destaco que he leído un libro, que lo he terminado, y no el hecho de haber dedicado un tiempo a la lectura). En el siguiente ejemplo se puede observar la diferencia entre estas dos formas verbales: I have done my homework (indico que ya lo he finalizado) I have been doing my homework (indico la actividad que he estado desarrollando; no informo de si he terminado mis deberes o no) Se utiliza también para indicar cuantas acciones se han realizado en un tiempo determinado. Today I have read ten books El empleo de este tiempo informa indirectamente sobre el presente, ya que conlleva que la situación no ha cambiado. He has gone to Canada (esta persona sigue en Canda o está de viaje hacia allí; en cualquier caso todavía no ha regresado)

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I have broken my leg (la pierna sigue rota; aún no ha sanado) Si no se da información sobre el presente hay que utilizar el "past simple". He went to Canada (no se informa de si él sigue allí o ya volvió) I broke my leg (puede que la pierna ya esté curada o que aún siga rota) En aquellos verbos en los que no se utiliza la forma continua (lección 17) hay que recurrir en todos estos supuestos al "present perfect simple".

1.- Escribe el verbo entre paréntesis en "present perfect" o "present perfect continuous" según corresponda:

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1. This evening I ________ two letters to my parents (to write) 2. My daughter ________ letters to her friends for hours (to write) 3. This morning I ________ breakfast for my wife (to prepare) 4. Today Lucy ________ her boyfriend three times (to phone) 5. My friends ________ around Italy for five months (to travel) 6. I ________ to music all evening (to listen) 7. I ________ English since I was a child (to learn) 8. We are coming from the beach where my kids ________ a sandcastle (to make) 9. Why are you so dirty? I ________ in the garden (to work) 10. I ________ to Malaga for three days with my in-laws (to be) 11. I ________ my homework. Now I am going to rest (to finish) 12. My brother ________ TV for three hours (to watch) 13. John ________ since 3 o'clock (to study) 14. The fatal accident just ________. The police haven't arrived yet (to happen) 15. ________ you my watch? I have just lost it (to see)

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1. This evening I have written two letters to my parents 2. My daughter has been writing letters to her friends for hours 3. This morning I have prepared breakfast for my wife 4. Today Lucy has phoned her boyfriend three times 5. My friends have been travelling around Italy for five months 6. I have been listening to music all evening 7. I have been learning English since I was a child 8. We are coming from the beach where my kids have made a sandcastle 9. Why are you so dirty? I have been working in the garden 10. I have been to Malaga for three days with my in-laws 11. I have finished my homework. Now I am going to rest 12. My brother has been watching TV for three hours 13. John has been studying since 3 o'clock 14. The fatal accident has just happened. The police haven't arrived yet 15. Have you seen my watch? I have just lost it

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16. Emma is very tired; she has been working all day 17. My son has translated two pages so far 18. What weather! It has been raining since yesterday 19. This week my team has won one match 20. Today I have painted my room 21. My kids have been playing at the beach all morning 22. I have been living in this town since last February 23. The police have arrested the murderer 24. What has happened to the neighbours? They have been shouting for hours

More Info: 1. http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepersim-preperpro 2. http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/presentperfectsimpleorcontinuous/menu.php 3. http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv67.shtml

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