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3A Book Network Get Connected

Tom Hutchinson Kristin Sherman

Unit

1

Let’s introduce ourselves. B

VOCABULARY

Activity 2 Answer key Occupations: retired, self-employed, manager, unemployed (possible additions: full-time, part-time, teacher, server, doctor) Marital status: widowed, engaged (possible additions: married, single, divorced)

Activity 3 Answer key 1. work 2. you 3. know 4. hard 5. think 6. these

C GRAMMAR Activity 1 Answer key ’m taking, ’m learning

Activity 2 Answer key 1. He usually works indoors. This week he’s working outdoors. 2. Right now I’m cooking dinner. I usually don’t cook dinner. 3. He usually takes the bus to work. He’s driving to work today. 4. It’s 5:00 a.m. Alex is getting up now. He usually gets up at 7:30. 5. I usually wear a suit. This week I’m wearing jeans.

Activity 4 Answer key 1. ’m going, need, think, closes 2. wants, don’t know, believe, ’s eating, goes 3. ’m making, Do you want, don’t like, prefer D

READING AND WRITING

Students read and talk about their lives.

Warm-up Activity 2 Answer key 1. Eli 2. Bob 3. Louis 4. Sandra 5. Amy

E YOUR STORY Activity 2 Answer key 1. They’re married./They’re husband and wife. 2. They’re dating. 3. They’re boyfriend and girlfriend. 4. They’re brother and sister. 5. They’re brothers.

Activity 3 Answer key are coming, anything, ’re, going F

REAL-WORLD LISTENING

Activity 2 Answer key Self-employed, unemployed, making hats, her company, Korea, Brazil

Activity 3 Answer key 1. c 2. b 3. f 4. d 5. e 6. A

Unit

2

Things happen. B

VOCABULARY

• Go through the Language note. Say the examples and have students repeat. • Ask students if they can think of something that is getting better, e.g. their English. Repeat with getting worse, e.g. the weather, the traffic, a problem. • Write: the music, televisions, laptops, the car, the patient on the board. Put students in pairs or small

Activity 2 Answers 1. getting better 2. got to work 3. getting ready 4. getting hungry 5. getting closer 6. got lost

C GRAMMAR Activity 1 Answer key I’ve lived here for three and a half days.

Activity 2 Answer key 1. have, since 2. has, for 3. has been, for 4. have, since 5. have lived, for 6. have, since

Activity 3 Answer key 1. have they been married 2. has he had his job 3. has she been locked out of their apartment 4. have you been in class 5. have you lived here 6. have you studied here D

READING AND WRITING

Activity 1 Answer key She spilled a glass of milk, which fell on Jack’s pants.

In the first version he got angry and shouted; in the second version he didn’t get angry or shout.

Activity 2 Answer key a. 7 b. 10 c. 8 d. 2 e. 5 f. 9 g. 1 h. 6 i. 4 j. 3

E YOUR STORY Activity 2 Answer key 1. Jordan didn’t go to her parents’ house. 2. He had an audition. 3. A woman’s wallet. 4. He got a callback for a different part. 5. It belongs to Jordan because he needs it for a commercial.

Activity 3 Answer key his, yours, belongs, Mine F

REAL-WORLD LISTENING

Activity 2 Answer key Check: Keep a positive attitude, manage your schedule, find someone you can talk to.

Activity 3 Answer key Check: 2, 4, 6

Unit

3

Buildings everywhere! B

VOCABULARY

Part 2 Answer key Two syllables: quiet, kitchen, building, spacious Three syllables: furniture, location, apartment, convenient

C GRAMMAR Activity 1 Answer key The apartment, a basement apartment, a subway stop, the subway

Activity 2 Answer key 1. a 2. The 3. an 4. the 5. an 6. an 7. the 8. the 9. a 10. the 11. the 12. the 13. the 14. the 15. the

Activity 3 Answer key Any three of the following: the fifth floor, c; the elevator, b; the stairs, b; the apartment, a; the most expensive, c; the store, a; the party, a; the date, b; the shoes, b D

READING AND WRITING

Activity 1 Answer key Staying in someone’s home, on the couch

Activity 2 Answer key 1. e 2. d 3. f 4. b 5. c 6. A

E YOUR Activity 2 Answer key

STORY

Name: Ramiro. Type of room: double, non-smoking. Number of nights: six. Room number: 608. Problem: lost luggage.

Activity 3 Answer key reservation, double, non-smoking, served, help F

REAL-WORLD LISTENING

Activity 2 Answer key Check: The Islamic rulers in Spain built it over hundreds of years.

Activity 3 Answer key 1. b 2. a 3. A

Unit

4

Seeing old friends B

VOCABULARY

Activity 2 Answer key 1. take off 2. throw out 3. turn up 4. turn down 5. catch up (with) 6. run into

C GRAMMAR Activity 1 Answer key Ran into

Activity 2 Answer key Separable: turn up, throw out, take out, turn down Inseparable: catch up (with), run into Answer key 1. turn down 2. catch up (with) 3. turn up 4. take off 5. throw out 6. ran into

Activity 3 Answer key 1. Could you please turn the music down? I’m talking on the phone. 2. Do you mind if I turn the volume up? I can’t hear it very well. 3. Please take your shoes off in my house. 4. Could you please take the trash out? D

READING AND SPEAKING

Activity 1 Answer key Paul thinks Helen’s life is exciting. Helen thinks Paul’s life is relaxing.

Activity 2 Answer key

a. 5 b. 1 c. 6 d. 2 e. 3 f. 4 E YOUR

STORY

Activity 2 Answer key 1. b 2. c 3. d 4. e 5. a 6. F

Activity 3 Answer key look, face, recognized, forget, seen F

REAL-WORLD LISTENING

Students listen and talk about losing touch with people.

Warm-up Activity 2 Answer key 1. Taylor moved away. 2. Erica sent a friend request to Taylor on Facebook. 3. They’re boyfriend and girlfriend.

Activity 3 Answer key a. 4 b. 1 c. 7 d. 2 e. 5 f. 3 g. 6

REVIEW UNITS 1-4 A Vocabulary Answer key 1. self-employed 2. engaged 3. ready 4. better 5. spacious 6. in a quiet location 7. turn down 8. ran into

B Grammar Answer key 1. works 2. are you doing 3. know 4. since 5. Has 6. 2001 7. a 8. the 9. The 10. throw it out 11. catch up with her 12. get off the bus

C Reading Activity 1 Answer key They’re looking for a new apartment because they are

getting married.

Activity 2 Answer key 1. B 2. H 3. B 4. H 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. H 10. B

GET CONNECTED 1-4 Get started Activity 1 Answer key Possible answers: Similarities: both allow the user to control who can see information. On both, this control ranges from only certain people, to groups, to everyone. On both, the user can control certain kinds of content (when name is mentioned, or when relationships are mentioned). Differences: On one social network you can put people into different kinds of groups, and decide whose comments you will see. On the other network you can control what is shared with websites, games, and other apps.

Get together Activity 2 Answer key Answers will vary.

Unit

5

Congratulations! B

VOCABULARY

Activity 2 Answer key 1. e 2. c 3. a 4. d 5. f 6. B

C GRAMMAR

Activity 1 Answer key Present perfect: Have you ever run Past simple: didn’t know, ran

Activity 2 Answer key 1. climbed 2. haven’t finished 3. took 4. Have, won 5. ran 6. has, gotten D

READING AND SPEAKING

Activity 1 Answer key He broke an NBA record. He isn’t flashy.

Activity 2 Answer key 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. DK 6. T

E YOUR STORY Activity 2 Answer key 1. c 2. d 3. e 4. a 5. B

Activity 4 Answer key 1. It seems that she wants to get a degree in journalism. 2. I hear that she’s bored with her life. 3. I understand that they really like the city. 4. Apparently, Rose wants to talk to her.

Activity 5 Answer key Past simple: arrived, got into, moved, thought, liked Present perfect: hasn’t given

F

REAL-WORLD LISTENING

Activity 2 Answer key New Zealand, bungee-jumping, Kawara Bridge, Queenstown, Sky Tower, Auckland

Activity 3 Answer key 1. d 2. c 3. f 4. b 5. a 6. E

Unit

6

Healthy living B

VOCABULARY

Activity 1 Answer key 1. give up 2. do 3. get 4. cut down 5. work out 6. lose

C GRAMMAR Activity 1 Answer key Going to: I’m going to go Will: I’ll try

Activity 2 Answer key 1. will 2. ’s going 3. ’ll 4. am going to 5. ’s going to 6. will D

READING AND WRITING

Activity 1 Answer key Be kind to your back, take a nap, go out to lunch

Activity 2 Answer key 1. f 2. d 3. c 4. a 5. b 6. E

E YOUR Activity 2

STORY

Answer key 1. He’s at a meeting. 2. Her mother 3. She left her phone at home. 4. Matt 5. Yes, because they talk a lot and they enjoy each other’s company. 6. A little awkward/embarrassed

Activity 3 Answer key Great, close, enjoy F

REAL-WORLD LISTENING

Activity 2 Answer key Check: Someone who doesn’t eat any animal products

Activity 3 Answer key Check: oatmeal, salad, pasta, peanut butter, salt, sugar X: eggs, meat, hamburgers, cheese, dairy products

Unit

7

What a pain! B VOCABULARY Activity 2 Answer key 1. She can’t make her appointment. The train is delayed. 2. The road’s closed. There’s been an accident. 3. The plane to Seoul is canceled. The weather in Seoul is very bad, and the airport is closed. 4. They’ve been stuck in traffic for half an hour. There is some construction ahead.

Activity 3 Part 3 Answer key /O/: long, stop, on, hospital, gone /oU/: more, phone, spoke, so

C GRAMMAR

Activity 1 Answer key Past simple: was, didn’t you take, got stuck, didn’t you call Past perfect: had forgotten

Activity 3 Answer key 1. tried 2. ’d seen 3. ’d decided 4. attached 5. drove 6. ’d worked 7. ’d come 8. hadn’t wanted 9. ’d gone 10. got 11. stopped 12. ’d moved 13. had woken up 14. ’d called D

READING AND WRITING

Activity 1 Answer key Check: c

Activity 2 Answer key 1. He caught the last/11:45 train. 2. He thought it was his stop. 3. He used the ambulance driver’s phone. He had left his phone on the train. 4. She thought he’d had an accident. He told her that he was using the ambulance driver’s phone. 5. The police had stopped her and given her a speeding fine.

E YOUR Activity 2

STORY

Answer key 1. he got a part in a TV show 2. he has a cold 3. it rained all day 4. he was a jogger in the park 5. the scene was too long

Activity 3 Answer key you, a, can, too, you

Activity 4 Answer key I’d cancelled F

REAL-WORLD LISTENING

Activity 2 Answer key Check: d

Activity 3 Answer key 1. 5:00, 4:00 2. 25 3. 30, 45 4. three and a half 5. Two

Unit

8

Eat up! C

GRAMMAR

Activity 1 Answer key We went to Pizza Experience last time, didn’t we? But Greta doesn’t eat meat, does she? She eats fish, doesn’t she?

Activity 2 Answer key 1. don’t you 2. does she 3. doesn’t he 4. didn’t they 5. are you 6. isn’t it

Activity 4 Part 2 Answer key 1. N, S 2. S, N 3. N, S 4. S, N D

READING AND WRITING

Activity 2 Answer key Positive: friendly, polite waiter, good chocolate cake, reasonable prices, warm atmosphere, excellent music Negative: crowded, had to wait, not enough room in the lounge, too many tables, dry chicken, poorly cooked steak, slow service, not enough servers

E YOUR Activity 2

STORY

Answer key 1. The cafe is busy and Ryan is helping Russell. 2. They are at Russell’s apartment. 3. A tuna sandwich 4. Three 5. Because he got the wrong food 6. Answers will vary.

Activity 3 Answer key ordered, isn’t, speak F

REAL-WORLD LISTENING

Activity 2 Answer key

Check: family meals, food and national identity, the use of chopsticks and forks, food and social status in India, tea-drinking customs in Japan

Activity 3 Answer key Check: 1, 2

REVIEW UNITS 5-8 A Vocabulary Answer key 1. a marathon 2. a promotion 3. do 4. cut down on 5. delayed 6. traffic 7. raw 8. sour

B Grammar Answer key 1. known 2. didn’t go 3. Have 4. I’ll ride 5. is going to leave 6. won’t drive 7. had 8. hadn’t gotten 9. had 10. did he 11. aren’t they 12. have you

CReading Answer key 1. Megan York 2. Trini Martinez 3. John Lee

Activity 2 Answer key 1. b 2. d 3. c 4. f 5. e 6. h 7. g 8. a

AC

GET

CONNECTED 5-8 Get started Activity 1 Answer key Answers will vary.

Get together Activity 2 Answer key Answers will vary.

Audio Scripts Unit 1 > > > > > Real-WoRld listening p. 7 Jessie: My name’s Jessie, I’m a milliner, and that means that I make hats. The name of my company is à la tête, and I make hats, just like this one. I work right here. This is my studio. Making hats is very fun. I make mostly felt and straw hats. Some of my hats are very traditional, and some of them have really crazy things like toy cars on the brim, or tassels that are dolls. Not a lot of people wear hats these days, but I think they look really good, so, that’s why I make them. My hat making career started a few years ago. My first job was working for a fashion company, and then it downsized and I got laid off. So then, I started making headbands and hair accessories, and decided to go back to school to learn how to make hats. I started my hat company in 2009. The best thing about being self-employed is being my own boss, and I can work whenever I want. One of the biggest challenges is being self-motivated, I have to make all my own hours, and make sure that I get up and go to work every day. There are a lot of challenges. As a small business, I’m competing with a lot of large hat companies. It is very difficult to make money as a small business because most of the money that I do make I have to put back into the business because I’m small and growing, and there’s a lot of things that I still need to buy for my business. I don’t have any employees right now, but I had an intern once, but one day he didn’t show up for work, so I had to let him go. I make two collections of hats a year. A fall collection basically, and a spring collection. In total in a year, I make about fifty hats. I sell the hats in a bunch of different kinds of stores, some of them are small hat shops, and others are larger department stores, and then I also sell them online. The hats are all very expensive, they cost from a hundred and sixty dollars to about three hundred dollars. I’m trying to grow my business, I’m trying to get my hats into many more stores around the world. My hats are currently pretty popular in Korea, but I’m hoping to sell them in a lot of other countries like Brazil, perhaps. It’s really challenging having my own small business, but it’s extremely rewarding.

Unit 2 > > > > > Real-WoRld listening p. 13 Josh: Hi, I’m Josh. I’m a motivational speaker. I’m also a clinical psychologist. I work with children, young adults, families. I’ve been a motivational speaker for about two years now. To do my motivational workshops, I go to universities and colleges and I present to large groups of students. I teach them a number of different skills that cover problem solving, how to keep a positive attitude, how to have energy, how to build social relationships. I tell them that I’ve made so many mistakes in my life and I’ve tried to learn from all those mistakes. So keeping a positive attitude is the number one step that I teach kids to do. Your attitude and how you perceive the world is gonna influence everything that happens to you. Controlling how you react to something is crucial to keeping a positive attitude. I tell kids don’t get too angry. Try to develop a plan. If you focus on the problem, more problems are gonna come to you. If you focus on the solution and create a plan, it’s gonna fall

into place. Time management is vital to staying motivated and getting things done. A lot of people spend too much time on screens, texting, e-mailing, video games, all that is a lot of fun, but it can really waste your time. I tell kids to find role models, find people in their life that they want to be like. If you surround yourself with really smart, engaging, motivated, positive people, that’s what gonna happen to you. To stay motivated, you need to make sure that you get the right amount of sleep, that you get enough healthy food, and that you get the right amount of exercise. I also tell kids to, to find someone that you can talk to. It’s really, really, bad if you don’t have at least one person that you can talk to in your life, It doesn’t have to be a psychologist. It can be a friend or a family, just at least you have one person to talk to. I love working with kids and students for motivational speaking, it’s because there’s so much raw energy there. When I look out into the crowd I see smiles, I see laughing, I see them raising their hands, so I know they’re participating, and then afterwards people come up to me and they say, “You know, I really liked your presentation.” It makes me feel great. That means everything to me, to know that I had an impact on someone’s life, a positive impact.

Unit 3 > > > > > Real-WoRld listening p. 19 This building is from Spain’s Islamic past. It’s a group of Moorish palaces, the Alhambra. The Alhambra was built by the Muslim sultans who ruled southern Spain from the year 711 to 1491. They were tolerant rulers, and people of different religions lived together peacefully. Completed in the 1300s, the Alhambra is a masterpiece that took hundreds of years to build. People coming to meet with the sultan would visit the Comares Palace. The Alhambra is famous for its superb tile work, as well as its creative use of water. The atmosphere is peaceful and quiet. The Court of the Fountain of the Lions is one of the greatest examples of Islamic architecture in Spain. The fountain is based on another fountain in the city of Jerusalem. The Hall of the Ambassadors is the most formal room of the palaces. It is spacious and full of light. The sultan welcomed diplomats from other countries here. The sultans ruled this part of Spain for almost 800 years, until the year 1491. In the 1800s,

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many rooms here were restored and renovated. The Alhambra is now a popular tourist attraction. The Muslim past lives on in this corner of Spain, in the markets, the music and traditions, and of course, the architecture. Sunny, quiet, and peaceful, the Alhambra reminds its visitors that the past is all around us. It is an important landmark—not only for architecture, but also for history and culture.

Unit 4 > > > > > real-WorlD listeninG p. 25 Erica: Hi, I’m Erica and I’m from Winnipeg, Canada. Taylor: My name is Taylor Chance and I’m from Winnipeg, Canada. Erica: I had a very happy childhood. I had lots of friends,

I had a dog, a younger sister, so winters in Canada were terrific. One of my best friends was Taylor. We walked our dogs together, we hung out at the park together, we would go to each other’s house and watch TV together, so we were fairly close. The last thing I remember was Taylor moving away to Chicago, and I was really sad to be losing one of my best friends. Taylor: I was really sad when I lost touch with her. Many years later when I was in my twenties, I logged into Facebook to see that I had a new friend request. I was very curious to see who it was, and I was so surprised to finally run into Erica again. I hadn’t heard any word from her in ten years. I started chatting with Erica a lot, and I found out that she was living in the States too. We still got along great, not much has changed over the last ten years and we still had a lot in common. Erica: So I found out Taylor was living in Chicago. I was coming to Chicago for vacation with my friends, and we decided to meet up. Taylor had definitely grown up a lot, his hair was a lot longer than what I remember. Taylor: I was very excited to see how beautiful she was. We had coffee and talked for hours, and I was really glad that she turned up in my life again. Erica: It was like old times, Taylor was a lot more mature obviously, and so that was a big difference. But we definitely still got along the same and it wasn’t like talking to a stranger at all. Taylor: I think social media is really cool. I’ve reconnected with a lot of old friends and family over the Internet, but none as important as Erica. Taylor: Today I am a professional break-dancer. Erica: And I work for a marketing company, and we are boyfriend and girlfriend. Erica: After graduating college, I moved to Chicago and found a job here. Taylor: I fell in love with Erica, and even though I travel all over the world with my dance company, I always come back to her. Erica: After spending all this time catching up, I realize ten years later we’re still best friends.

Unit 5 > > > > > real-WorlD listeninG p. 35 Narrator: Auckland, New Zealand. At first glance, it looks like any other city. But it soon becomes clear that this is a city for adventurers. They’re either on the ground—looking up—or in the air—looking down. If you follow the eyes of the people on the street, you’ll soon discover that they’re gazing up at Auckland’s tallest building, the Sky Tower. Adrenaline junkies, harnessed of course, jump from the top of the building. Despite the safety precautions, it can make even the most die-hard adventurers feel a little queasy. Man: That’s as far as you can go. I’ll give you two safeties, just to make sure you’re nice and safe. Then I’ll push you off. OK? Tanya: So I just stay here? Man: OK, yeah, just hang tight and smile. You’ve got to keep smiling, OK. That’s good. Don’t think about falling. OK, and here comes Tanya in three, two, one. Narrator: You either have to be a little crazy—or a New

Zealander—to take such a leap of faith in the first place. Everyone can join in, courage permitting. We’re up next— we must be mad. I’m feeling pretty uneasy about this. Here at the Kawara Bridge in Queenstown is where it all began. This is the world’s first commercial bungee jumping site. A dip in the river below is part of the thrill, but not everyone has the nerve to leap head-first from the bridge. Woman: I don’t want to do it Man: Yes you do. You paid your money to do this this. Woman: Take the money. Man: Take the money? Take the money and run! Well, we can do that. Out you go hugger. Just little wee steps out to the edge. I’ll come on out with you. Woman: Don’t push me. Man: No, I won’t push you. We’re just going for a little walk out to the edge. Keep on going, a couple more wee steps. Right out here. Little bit more, hugger. Ok, you’re going to push yourself. When you’re ready? OK, five, four, three, two, one. Woman: Wait. How many minutes is it? Man: How many minutes? It’s very quick. Oh hugger, you’re alright. Stand up nice and tall. Right, here we go. Five, four, three, two, one. Narrator: Once you’ve overcome your fear and experienced the incredible sensation of falling freely, you’ll want to do it again and again. Of course, it helps if you’re a little crazy to begin with. The adrenaline rush is addictive, and the only way to satisfy it is by jumping all over again.

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Unit 6 > > > > > real-WorlD listeninG p. 41 Georgia: Hi, my name is Georgia. I’m a painter and I’m also a vegan. I don’t eat anything that comes from animals. No milk, no eggs, no meat. I’ve been a vegan for about a year and a half. I chose to become a vegan because it’s healthier, I feel better, and I think it’s wrong to eat food from animals. I wake up at 7:00. I go for a run. I make oatmeal with fruit. I go to the studio. I paint for six hours. I take a break at around 2:00. I usually have a salad. I make dinner at around 8:00. I usually make some sort of lentil and vegetable dish. And then I try to be in bed by 11:00. My favorite vegan foods would be fruit. I love mangoes and berries, avocados, and then I also really like raisins, dried fruits, and nuts. I eat a lot of peanut butter. Believe it or not, there are many fake meat substitutes available for vegans. There are veggie burgers, soy sausages, and Tofurkey, which is turkey made from tofu. One thing that I had to give up is French bread because it has a lot of butter or eggs. I really love French bread and I miss it. I’ve recently cut down on salt and sugar. Salt makes you dehydrated, and sugar makes you tired. In a big city it’s easier to find vegan foods, but when I’m traveling it’s more difficult. My brother thinks it’s weird that I’m a vegan. He loves fast food and junk food, and for him it just doesn’t make any sense. He likes his hamburgers. He’s not willing to give up meat. I exercise every day because it makes me feel better throughout the day. I have more energy. And it keeps me young. I do a lot of stretching. Sometimes, I go swimming. I don’t see any reason to go to a gym. I do all my exercise outside unless I’m going for a swim. Some people think that being a vegan you would lose weight. I didn’t. I stayed the same weight, more or less. And, I have friends that are vegan and they’ve gained

weight. It was really hard when I first gave up eggs and cheese, dairy products, but now I feel really great and I’m used to it. I really think that everyone should try and be vegan, even if it’s just for a day. Trust me, you’ll feel great.

Unit 7 > > > > > voCabulary p. 43 1. A: Oh, hello. This is Jane Smith. I’m afraid I can’t make my appointment at 10:30. My train’s delayed. B: Oh, I see. How long… 2. A: Oh, no. The road’s closed. B: Yes, I think there’s been an accident. 3. A: Hello. Can I check in here for Seoul, please? B: I’m sorry, but the plane to Seoul is canceled. A: Oh, no. Why? B: The weather in Seoul is very bad, and the airport is closed. 4. A: Are we there yet? B: No. The traffic still isn’t moving. A: But we’ve been stuck in traffic for half an hour. B: We know, but there is some construction ahead.

real-WorlD listeninG p. 47 Hassan: Hi, my name is Hassan. I’m a taxi driver. I’ve been driving a taxi for about three years and so far it’s been a good experience. My schedule is from five in the morning till four in the evening. I try to work as little as possible. If I’m having a good day I’ll go home early. If I’m having a bad day I’ll work a little extra or I’ll make up for it the next day. You get to pick your own hours. That’s what I like most about it. On an average day I’m picking up about 25 people. You know you do talk to a lot of them every day and learn new things. Passengers are nice to you as long as you’re nice to them. Sometimes you get a passenger, you can tell almost right away that they’re not in a good mood or they’re having a bad day. They’re late. Sometimes they got fired from their job. You just have to realize that they are not in a good mood, and you just have to do what they’re telling you, agree with them. I don’t argue with my passengers and I try to avoid arguments as much as I can. If it’s getting bad I ignore it, I try to listen to my music. Well the traffic, you just have to get used to it. The streets are backed up, the trucks are double parked. Bridges are always bad, especially in the mornings and in early evenings. That’s the rush hour. The other day I took somebody from the city to the airport. It usually takes about 30 to 45 minutes on a normal day. That day it took us about three and a half hours, and the passenger ended up missing her flight but, you know, she was very nice about it, you know. I tried everything that I could. It was just bad traffic, exits were blocked. This is my taxi. We just switched so it’s a small SUV. It’s a hybrid, its half electric, half gasoline and you save about half of your money on gas. It’s very good. It gives you very good mileage. So far I’ve been lucky. It hasn’t broken down on me. The most that happened is a flat tire. I’ve actually seen lots of accidents. I’ve had a couple myself. But they were both very minor; just scratches, and nothing big. I’ve done some movies and commercials. I mean, they needed my yellow cab so that was a good experience to be a cab driver in an actual movie. I don’t really want to be an actor. I just do it as a just for fun. I think what makes me a good taxi

driver is I’m very calm. I don’t get mad. I don’t lose my temper. I don’t drive recklessly. I listen to my passengers. This is not something that I want to do for the rest of my life, but for now I’m happy with this.

Unit 8 > > > > > real-WorlD listeninG p. 53 We’re all different. But food affects us all—wherever we live and whatever we do. And the way we eat—from chopsticks to forks to elaborate tea ceremonies—says a lot about our cultures and societies. The family meal is one example of the connection between food and culture. It’s an important tradition in almost every country, and food is the key

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ingredient. Study after study shows that family meals have huge benefits. To cite one example, teenagers who eat with their families do better in school. Sadly, in many western countries, families don’t have time to eat together every day. Food doesn’t just keep families together. It is also part of our national identity. Countries all over the world, from France to Mexico to Thailand, are famous for their food. The way people eat is just as important as the food itself. People use forks, chopsticks, or even their fingers. People eat with their hands in many places. It’s fast and there’s no equipment to buy. In Asia, chopsticks are used to eat pretty much everything. They were first developed in China about 5,000 years ago. In the West, the knife and fork are more common. At formal banquets, each person has two or three forks—or more. In India, people paint their house blue if they are part of the Brahmin caste. This is a group with high social status in the country. For Brahmins, food must be made by someone from the right caste. Some foods, like beef, are absolutely against the rules. Finally, when you eat or drink can clearly show your social position. At a Japanese business meeting, timing is everything. When they take a tea break, who drinks first is very important. The president always drinks first. Only then can the other employees take a sip. So food is not just the glue that keeps us together. It can also show the differences between us.