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• Abanto Escobedo Nils

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Adjectives vs. manner adverbs Choose the correct words to complete the sentences. 1. I know this sounds bad, but I love to drive really fast. I think I drive really well, though. I don't get reckless when I get behind the wheel or anything. 2. I try hard to be neat and tidy. Like, I always put my keys on the shelf automatically when I get home. You can lose your keys so easily. 3. I think it's important to take work seriously. I mean, it only seems right. If you do a job well you feel good about yourself, too. 4. I guess I can get impatient sometimes. Like, I want instant replies to my texts and emails. I just don't like to wait when I need an answer quickly. 5. I love sports, but I don't really play for fun. I feel pretty strongly that you should play to win. I feel terrible if I lose. My friends see things differently and say that I'm too serious about sports and that I should relax. 6. I hate it when people don't write texts properly and don't use correct grammar and punctuation. It's not because they're writing quickly – they just don't care about it. I always check over my texts very carefully before I send them. Adverbs before adjectives and adverbs Read the information about a common error. Then complete the statements about people's personalities with words from the box. Do you know people like these? 1. My sister's extremely talented. She's just good at everything she does. 2. My brother's absolutely crazy. He does that extreme biking thing, jumping upside down on his bike and everything. 3. My parents are incredibly generous. They bought me a new car when my old one broke down. 4. My best friend is really reliable. I can count on her for absolutely anything. 5. I'm pretty laid-back. I don't get stressed very o-ften. 6. My brother isn't arrogant at all. He doesn't think he's better than everyone else. Present perfect statements Use the underlined words to complete the sentences about travel experiences. Use the present perfect. 1. I / always / do a lot of traveling. I guess it / always / be my main interest in life. I've always done a lot of traveling. I guess it has always been my main interest in life. 2. I travel with an old school friend and she / be to lots of places. I travel with an old school friend, and she has been to lots of places. 3. She and I / travel around Asia three or four times. We / always / enjoy traveling together. She and I have traveled around Asia three or four times. We have always enjoyed traveling together. 4. We / walk on the Great Wall of China twice. It's so amazing. We have walked on the Great Wall of China twice. It's so amazing. 5. We / be so lucky. We / visit some amazing places and I / try all kinds of food. We have been so lucky. We have visited some amazing places and I have tried all kinds of food. 6. We're always talking about places we would like to go. We / think about going to Australia or India. We're always talking about places we would like to go. We have thought about going to Australia or India. 7. My friend / not be to India because she / not have the chance, and I / never be to Australia. My friend has not been to India because she has not had the chance, and I have never been to Australia. 8. We / not make a decision about where to go next, but I'd really like to go to Sydney. We have not made a decision about where to go next, but I'd really like to go to Sydney. Present perfect vs. simple past Complete the conversations about unusual experiences. Use the present perfect or simple past of the verbs in parentheses. 1 A Have you ever done (you / ever / do) anything scary? B Yes, I have. I played (play) the piano in a big concert last year. A Really? Did you play (you / play) a solo? B No, I did not. Thank goodness! There was (be) an orchestra, too. 2 A Have you ever done (you / ever / see) the Northern Lights? B No, I have not, but I have always wanted (always / want) to see them. We went (go) to Alaska last year, but we did not see (not / see) them. 3 A Have you ever tried (you / ever / try) kickboxing? B Yes, I have. I took (take) a class last semester. But I did not like (not / like) it. 4 A Have you ever cooked (you / ever / cook) a meal for a big group of people? B Yes, I have. It was (be) my sister's birthday last weekend. She invited (invite) 25 of her friends, and we made (make) Moroccan food. A Really? I have never eaten (never / eat) Moroccan food before. Was it (it / be) good? B Oh, yeah. Everybody loved (love) it! Superlatives Read the information about a common error. Then complete the facts and tips about different places in the world. Use the superlative forms of the adjectives or the most / the least with the nouns. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

The biggest (big) national park in the world is in Greenland. The fastest (fast) roller coaster in Europe is in Spain. Canada has the longest (long) coastline in the world. It's great for sightseeing. The most expensive (expensive) hotel in the world is in Dubai. The rooms cost over $10,000 a night. The best (good) time to visit Thailand is from November to February. These are the months with the best (good) weather because there is the least rain (rain). Summer is the worst (bad) time to visit Venice because that's when there are the most tourists (tourists). The city that has the most people (people) in the United States is New York City. The city with the largest (large) population in the world is Shanghai. The deepest (deep) lake in the world is Lake Baikal in Siberia. The smallest (small) country in the world is Vatican City in Rome. It's also the least populated country with only 500 inhabitants.

Questions with How + adjective...? Complete the questions and answers about Spain. Use the words from the box. If you don't need a word to complete the answers, use a dash (–). Some words are used more than once. 1 Q: How high is Mount Teide in Tenerife, Spain? A: It's 4,964 meters (16,286 feet) high. 2 Q: How long is the coastline? A: It's 7,517 kilometers (4,671 miles) long. 3 Q: How big is the population of Spain? A: It's almost 47 million people -. 4 Q: What is the largest natural lake in Spain? How deep is it? A: Lake Sanabria is 51 meters (167 feet) deep. 5 Q: How hot is it in southern Spain in August? A: It is usually around 35°C (90°F) -.

Verbs let, make, help, have, get, want, ask, tell Complete the sentences. Use the correct forms of the verbs in parentheses. Sometimes there is more than one correct answer. 1. I want my children to make (make) good decisions for themselves. 2. I don't let my kids play (play) computer games before bedtime. It makes them sleep (sleep) badly. 3. I usually make my teenagers clean up (clean up) the kitchen after meals. 4. I want to get my kids to eat (eat) well. They're always eating junk food. 5. I usually tell my kids to do (do) their homework before dinner, but I don't help them to do (do) it. 6. I'm always asking them to turn off (turn off) the lights in the house. 7. I have them shut down (shut down) their computers at night. 8. I'm always telling my kids to be (be) careful when they go out. 9. I always have my kids write (write) thank-you letters when they get a gift. 10. We often help our sons to study (study) for exams. We make up games for them. used to and would Read this person's memories about her summer vacations. Change the verbs in the sentences below using used to and would / 'd. Sometimes there is more than one correct answer. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

We had long school vacations in the summer – about 10 weeks. We used to have long school vacations in the summer – about 10 weeks. I saw a lot of my extended family in those days. I used to see a lot of my extended family in those days. My cousins came to stay every summer. My cousins used to come to stay every summer. We didn't have a big house like we do now, so we always camped in the backyard. We didn't use to have a big house like we do now, so we always used to camp in the backyard. There was a stream near our house, and we swam in it. There was a stream near our house, and we use to swim in it. One of my little cousins didn't like swimming. One of my little cousins didn't use to like swimming. She was really scared of water, and my brother always teased her about it. She used to be really scared of water, and my brother always used to tease her about it. He made her go into the water. He used to make her go into the water.

When I was younger, we had used to have long school vacations in the summer – about 10 weeks. I saw used to see a lot of my extended family in those days. They lived used to live about 30 miles away. My cousins came used to come to stay every summer. We didn't have used to have a big house like we do now, so we always camped used to camp in the backyard. There was a stream near our house, and we swam used to swam in it. One of my little cousins didn't like swimming. She was really scared of water, and my brother always teased used to teased her about it. He made used to make her go into the water. He wasn't very nice to her. Thank goodness he's not like that now! Talking about quantities of food Complete the sentences about shopping and eating habits. Use the words in the box. 1. I don't eat many fruits or vegetables. I really should eat more healthy food. 2. We have a small freezer so we buy very few frozen meals. 3. I prefer to go shopping at the local store. I'm trying to buy less food from the big supermarkets than I used to. 4. My family buys about six loaves of bread a week and eight cartons of fruit juice. 5. I don't fry food anymore. It means I eat fewer calories and less fat. But I have to say, I like a Little butter on my potatoes. 6. When I go out to eat, I like to try a few different things that I don't normally eat. too, too much, too many, and enough Read the information about a common error. Then complete the online forum conversation with too, too many, too much, and enough. A few months ago, I completely changed my eating habits. I used to eat too much sugar, too much processed fat, and too many take-out meals. I also didn't eat my meals slowly enough because I was always rushing out somewhere. My mother was always saying "You eat too quickly, " or "You're not eating enough protein, " and as for fast food, I know I definitely ate too much. I really thought my mom complained too mucho, but actually I guess I didn't pay enough attention to her. I got sick! The doctor said my diet wasn't healthy enough and said I needed to change it. He also told me that I needed more vitamins and that I wasn't getting enough. No surprise there! So I changed my diet. In the end, it was simple enough to do. Now I'm eating a lot of raw vegetables – I guess you can't eat too many of those! I feel great. And guess what? My mom can't say I don't eat well enough. Not now! Comments: Good for you! You should never be too busy to look after your health! Too much junk food and too many sweets are not good for you.

Families Complete the sentences using the words in the box. Can you figure out the meaning of the words? 1 My parents got divorced when I was six. I lived with my mom during the week, and with my dad and his new wife on weekends. It was hard. 2 I'm an only child. I don't have any brothers or sisters. But I don't mind. 3 My nephew is only three. He's my sister's son. He's really cute. 4 My husband and I got married when we were 21. It was kind of young to settle down, I guess, but we wanted to have children, so . . . 5 My brother's new wife is really fun. I'm lucky to have such a nice sister-in-law. 6 My grandfather's dad – my great-grandfather – used to work in a factory. He started work when he was 13! 7 My mom remarried, and she and my stepfather had two daughters – they're my half sisters. 8 We have a big blended family. There's my dad, my sister, and me. And there's my dad's new wife and her four children.

Immediate family

Blended family

Extended family

Other expressions

MALE father brother husband son stepfather stepbrother stepson half brother Great-grandfather grandfather uncle cousin nephew brother-in-law only child fiancé

FEMALE mother sister wife daughter stepmother stepsister stepdaughter half sister great-grandmother grandmother aunt cousin niece Sister-in-law children fiancée

Summary of too, too much, too many, and enough Complete the sentences using the words in the box. 1 I eat too much fast food and not enough fruit and vegetables. 2 There's never enough time to shop or cook during the week, so I eat out a lot. 3 During my exams, I study too much and I don't sleep enough. 4 I don't like fried foods–there's too much fat in them. It's better to grill or steam food. 5 If I don't eat enough for breakfast, or if breakfast isn't filling enough, I'm usually too hungry to wait for lunch. 6 Sometimes, I eat too fast and I get a stomachache. Or I eat too much. 7 I don't like ice cream. I find most desserts are too sweet for me. 8 I'm probably too careful about what I eat, but I get sick if I eat too many fatty things.

MAHAL

make - made have – had let – let

WAT G

want - wanted ask – asked tell - told get - got

Verbs let, make, help, have, get, want, ask, tell Complete the sentences. Use the correct forms of the verbs in parentheses. Sometimes there is more than one correct answer. 1. I want my children to make (make) good decisions for themselves. 2. I don't let my kids play (play) computer games before bedtime. It makes them sleep (sleep) badly. 3. I usually make my teenagers clean up (clean up) the kitchen after meals. 4. I want to get my kids to eat (eat) well. They're always eating junk food. 5. I usually tell my kids to do (do) their homework before dinner, but I don't help them to do (do) it. 6. I'm always asking them to turn off (turn off) the lights in the house. 7. I have them shut down (shut down) their computers at night. 8. I'm always telling my kids to be (be) careful when they go out. 9. I always have my kids write (write) thank-you letters when they get a gift. 10. We often help our sons to study (study) for exams. We make up games for them.

VERBO ser/estar ganarle (a alguien) empezar doblar Morder soplar romper llevar/traer construir comprar coger Elegir venir costar hacer dibujar soñar conducir beber comer caer sentir luchar encontrar volar olvidar perdonar conseguir dar ir crecer tener oir esconder golpear sujetar doler/hacer daño guardar saber aprender ganarle (a alguien) marcharse prestar permitir perder hacer significar/querer decir conocer por primera vez pagar poner leer sonar/llamar por teléfono levantar correr decir ver vender enviar demostrar cerrar cantar sentarse dormir hablar gastar estar de pie nadar tomar enseñar contar, decirle a alguien pensar lanzar, arrojar entender despertar llevar puesto ponerse ganar escribir

VERBO be beat begin bend bite blow break bring build buy catch chosse come cost do draw dream drive drink eat fall feel fight find fly forget forgive get give go grow have hear hide hit hold hurt keep know learn beat leave lend let lose make meand meet pay put read ring rise run say see sell send show shut sing sit sleep speak spend stand swim take teach tell think throw understand wake wear win write

SIMPLE PAST was/were beat began bent bit blew broke brought built bought caught chose came cost did drew dreamed/dreamt drove drank ate fell felt fought found flew forgot forgave got gave went grew had heard hid hit held hurt kept knew learned/learnt beat left lent let lost made meant met paid put read rang rose ran said saw sold sent showed shut sang sat slept spoke spent stood swam took taught told thought therew understood woke wore won wrote

PRESENT PERFECT been beaten begun bent bitten blown broken brought built bought caught chosen come cost done drawn dreamed/dreamt driven drunk eaten fallen felt fought found flown forgotten forgiven gotten given gone grown had heard heard hit held hurt kept known learned/learnt beaten left lent let lost made meant met paid put read rung risen run said seen sold sent showed/shown shut sung sat slept spoken spent stood swum taken taught told thought thrown understood woken worn won written