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• talleringles

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Examples

Use 

Present Simple

Present Continuous

A: I speak. / He speaks. N: I don’t speak. / He doesn’t speak. Q: Do you speak? / Does he speak?

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facts

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actions taking place one after another

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action set by a timetable or schedule

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action taking place in the moment of speaking

A: I am speaking. / He is speaking. N: I am not speaking. /  He isn’t speaking. Q: Are you speaking? / Is he speaking? 

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Past Simple

Past Continuous

A: I spoke / He spoke. I played / He played. N: I didn’t speak/ He  didn’t play. Q: Did he speak? / Did  he play?

A: You were speaking / He was speaking. N: You weren’t speaking / He wasn’t speaking. Q: Were you speaking / Was he speaking?

action in the present taking place once, never or several times

action taking place only for a limited period of time

always, every …, never, normally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually. if sentences type I (If I talk, …)

at the moment, just, just now, Listen!, Look!, now, right now

action arranged for the future action in the past taking place once, never or several times actions taking place one after another action taking place in the middle of another action

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action going on at a certain time in the past

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actions taking place at the same time

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Key Words

action in the past that is interrupted by another action

yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990, the other day, last Friday if sentence type II (If I talked, …)

when, while, as long as

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putting emphasis on the result

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action that is still going on

A: I have spoken / He has spoken. N: I haven’t spoken / He hasn’t spoken. Q: Have I spoken? / Has he spoken?

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action that stopped recently

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finished action that has an influence on the present

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action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking (experiences)

A: I have been speaking. / He has been speaking. N: I haven’t been speaking. / He hasn’t been speaking. Q: Have I been speaking? / Has he been speaking?

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putting emphasis on the course or duration (not the result)

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action that recently stopped or is still going on

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finished action that influenced the present

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Past Perfect Simple

A: I had spoken. / He had spoken. N: I hadn’t spoken. / He hadn’t spoken. Q: Have I spoken? / Had he spoken?

action taking place before a certain time in the past

already, just, never, not yet, once, until that day

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putting emphasis only on the fact (not the duration)

if sentence type III (If I had talked, …)

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Past Perfect Continuous

A: I had been speaking / He had been speaking. N: I hadn’t been speaking / He hadn’t been speaking. Q: Had I been speaking? / Had he been speaking?

action taking place before a certain time in the past

Present Perfect Simple

Present Perfect Continuous

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putting emphasis on the duration or course of an action

already, ever, just, never, not yet, so far, till now, up to now

all day, for 4 years, since 1993, how long?, the whole week

for, since, the whole day, all day

Future Simple

Future (be going to)

A: I will speak. / He will speak. N: I won’t speak. / He won’t speak. Q: Will I speak? / Will he speak?

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action in the future

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spontaneous decision

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assumption with regard to the future

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predictions with no evidence

A: I am going to speak. / He is going to  speak. N: I am not going to  speak. / He isn’t going to speak.  Q: Am I going to speak? / Is he going to speak?

Future Continuous

A: I will be speaking. /  He will be speaking. N: I won’t be speaking. / He won’t be  speaking. Q: Will I be speaking? / Will he be speaking?

Future Perfect

A: I will have spoken. / He will have spoken. N: I won’t have spoken. / He won’t have spoken. Q: Will I have spoken? / Will he have spoken?

Future Perfect Continuous

A: I will have been speaking. / He will have been speaking. N: I won’t have been speaking. / He won’t have been speaking. Q: Will I have been speaking? / Will he have been speaking?

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in a year, next …, tomorrow If sentence type I (If you ask her, she will help you.) assumption: I think, probably, perhaps

decision made for the future conclusion with regard to the future

in one year, next week, tomorrow

predictions with some evidence

action that is going on at a certain time in the future action that is sure to happen in the near future

action that will be finished at a certain time in the future

action taking place before a certain time in the future putting emphasis on the course of an action

in one year, next week, tomorrow

by Monday, in a week

for …, the last couple of hours, all day long, by the time