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4/8/16

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Confused and Misused Wor ds and Phr ases

This presentation is brought to you by Grammar Bytes!, ©2016 by Robin L. Simmons.

Dude, that s advises, with an s, not a c.

No, you re wrong. The word should be effect, with an e.

Dude, the right word is affect, with an a.

This presentation advices you on words or phrases that are commonly misused or confused.

Sample Item My friends ate at Tito s Taco Palace, so they they re re A hoping that their their lunch lunch stays stays down, down, for for their theirare there are are B C rumors that health inspectors cited the filthy kitchen. At C, you need Is the word

there, the A. their confused or expletive, or misused at A, B. they re placeholder, B, or C? form. C. there C.  here D. No change is necessary.

On an objective test, an item evaluating the skill might look like this . . .

Re c o g n i ze m i s s p e l l e d / c o r r e c t l y s p e l l e d wo r d s a n d p h r a s e s .

X X X X X

Alright Alot Rite Should of Suppose to

Spelled wrong!

● ● ● ● ●

All right A lot Right, write Should have Supposed to

Spelled correctly!

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Re c o g n i ze t h e d i s t i n c t i o n s a m o n g r e l at e d wo r d s . 3 or more; Among my friends Noncount; Amount of butter Adjective; A good essay Evident, unambiguous

! Among ● Between " 2 only;

Between Fred and me

! Amount ● Number " ! Good ● Well " ! Explicit ● Implicit "

Count; Number of cookies Adverb; He writes well. Implied, ambiguous

Know these differences!

K n ow t h e d i f fe r e n c e t h at a n a p o s t r o p h e c a n m a ke . Possessive pronoun; belonging to it

! Its ● It s "

Possessive pronoun; belonging to whom

! Whose ● Who s "

Possessive pronoun; belonging to you

! Your ● You re "

Possessive pronouns never contain an apostrophe.

Contraction for it is or it has Contraction for who is or who has Contraction for you are

Contractions do contain an apostrophe.

K n ow t h e d i f fe r e n c e t h at a s i n g l e n e w l e t t e r c a n m a ke . Before a word beginning with a consonant [sound] Before

! A ● An "

Before a word beginning with a vowel [sound]

! Already ● All ready "

Completely prepared

! Idea ● Ideal "

The concept of something perfect

To suffer the deprivation of

! Lose ● Loose "

Free from restraint

Verb; past tense of are

! Were ● Where "

A place

A thought or conception

More to learn!

K n ow t h e d i f fe r e n c e a ch a n g e t o a s i n g l e l e t t e r c a n m a ke . Noun form Usually a verb City, wealth, important

! Advice ● Advise "

Verb form

! Affect ● Effect "

Usually a noun

! Capital ● Capitol "

The building for lawmaking

! Cite ● Site "

A location

Rough

! Coarse ● Course "

Path, route

Praise

! Compliment ● Complement "

To quote

Put in place

! Set ● Sit "

Unchanging

! Stationary ● Stationery "

Indicates comparison

! Than ● Then "

Goes well with Be seated Paper Next

Why is English so complicated?

Don t let these homonyms [ s o u n d a l i ke wo r d s ] c o n f u s e yo u . Agree to or receive

! Accept ● Except "

Plural present of the verb be

! Are ● Our "

Past tense of pass Go before

! Passed ● Past " ! Precede ● Proceed "

Leave out Possessive pronoun; belonging to us Gone, by Carry on

Chief [person], main ! Principal ● Principle " Truth or rule Correct, a just claim, a direction

! Right ● Write "

Make letters with an instrument

Sight, touch, hearing, smell, taste

! Sense ● Since "

Adverb, conjunction, or preposition

View, glimpse

! Sight ● Site "

Past tense of throw

! Threw ● Through "

State of the atmosphere

! Weather ● Whether "

A location Beyond Introduces an alternative

My brain is getting full!

Relax, dude, we’re almost there!

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To, Too, Two

T here, T heir, T hey re •  Use there as an expletive, a placeholder to delay the subject.

•  Use to as a preposition.

Jonathan drove to the seafood shop.

There is a turtle in the road.

•  Use to to begin an infinitive.

•  Use there to indicate place.

He hoped to buy fresh squid.

•  Use too to show degree.

The squid was too expensive to purchase. •  Use too as a synonym for also. So too was the fresh octopus. •  Use two when you mean the number. Jonathan bought two flounder filets instead.

At many objective exams, you can not use a dictionar y!

Across the road is a lake. The turtle hopes to get there before a car hits him.

•  Use their as a possessive pronoun.

Most drivers don t see the turtle; their eyes are glued to their cell phones. •  Use they re as a contraction for they are. They re also distracted by other devices, like the radio and navigation system.

W hen in doubt, rel y on gut feelings. Your eyes have seen in print — and your brain has registered — all of the possible words that you will encounter for this skill. If you don t recognize the right answer, go with the one that feels right.

X

Hey, I ve seen that word before!

Quick Test

Item 1

Directions: In the items that follow, choose the option that corrects an error in the underlined portion(s). If no error exists, choose No change is necessary.

Even though we warned Jake not to eat a whole hole hole AA pie at one sitting, he sat sat at at the the kitchen kitchen table table and and B proceeded to proceeded toconsume consumeslice sliceafter afterslice. slice. C

Your turn!

Let s see what you can do!

A. w whole hole B. set C. preceded D. No change is necessary.

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Item 2 Give Jerrod a compliment compliment because becausehis hisshoe shoe A laces complement complement the thecolors colorsininhis hisplaid plaidshirt. shirt. B His fashion sense since since isisisgradually gradually graduallyimproving. improving. improving. CC A. complement B. compliment C. sense C.  ense D. No change is necessary.

Item 4 Heed my advice, advice, and and don don tt loose looseyour lose your yourreceipt. receipt. receipt. A BB The college bookstore will not accept accept any any excuse excuse C if you need to return those books. A. advise B. llose ose C. except D. No change is necessary.

Item 6 Maybe Gerald Maybe Gerald is is caught caught in in traffic, traffic, or or he he maybe maybe may be A BB flirting with the cute cafeteria cashier. Either way, don t accept accept any any excuse excuse for for his his tardiness. tardiness. C A. May be B. m may ay be be C. except D. No change is necessary.

Item 3 If you go by by the the supermarket, supermarket, buy buyaapackage packageof of A B hotdog buns. Than Than we Then we can can grill grill the the sausage sausage for for C dinner. A. buy B. by C. Then C.  hen D. No change is necessary.

Item 5 The herd heard heardofof ofgazelle gazelle gazelleleaped leaped leapedthrough through throughthe theair airasas AA BB the animals tried to elude elude the the cheetah. cheetah. C A. h herd erd B. threw C. allude D. No change is necessary.

Item 7 When there there are are fewer fewerstudents studentsininaaclass, class,the the A B professor has fewer less less worries worries worries that that that everyone everyone everyone is isis CC getting individual attention. A.  their B.  less C.  fewer C.  fewer D.  No change is necessary.

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Item 8 We were successful baking 300 cupcakes for We were successful baking 300 cupcakes for A the charity event, but today we re exhausted the charity event, but today we re exhausted after after B spending all night preparing the desserts. spending all night preparing the desserts. C A. we re A. we re B. were B. were C. deserts C. deserts D. No change is necessary. D. No change D.  changeisisnecessary. necessary.

Item 9 Gregory passed passed his his chemistry chemistry final, final, so so now now he he A won t loose loosehis lose his hisscholarship. scholarship. scholarship.As As Ashe he hewalked walked walkedpast past past B CC the diner, he rewarded himself with a milkshake. A. past B. llose ose C. passed D. No change is necessary.

Item 10 Mr. Ramos hopes to accept except except the the bid bid on on the the house. house. A He has agreed to all of the buyer s conditions except retiling except retiling the the master master bathroom bathroom since sinceitit B C would be too much work.

Grammar Bytes! provides additional handouts and exercises on commonly confused words. chomp! Go to chompchomp.com ! chomp!

A. accept ccept B. accept C. sense D. No change is necessary.

The End. Watch where you re going, fool!

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