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Nombre: Patricio Arrambide Martinez Nombre del curso: Doing bussines

Matrícula: 2829002 Nombre del profesor:

in America Módulo:1

Actividad: Assigment 2

Fecha: 8 de oct. de 18 Bibliografía: https://latinamericahoy.es/2012/04/17/el-sector-automotriz-enamerica-latina/ Objective. To understand the term 'cluster' and how it impacts businesses and regional economies. Guidelines. 1. Apply Porter's Value Chain to the automotive industry in the Americas. 2. Research and highlight the Latin American locations that play an important role in the industry. 3. Find which locations abroad are similar to those here in Mexico and explain why. Deliverable. Make a diagram with your analysis, and a written commentary about the importance of clusters in the Mexican automotive industry (400 words).

5 main producers of the automotive industry in Latin America Mexico The union's president, Eduardo Solis, mentioned that in production the volume of units was 3 million 400 thousand and that grew by 5.6 percent compared to 2014. So, there was a rise in exports of 4.4 per Million, reaching two million 642 thousand 887 units. The main export destination remains, as in other sectors, the United States, with growth of 6.3 percent. VW plant in Puebla, one of the largest in Mexico.

Brazil

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In compare, sales of Brazil fell 42 percent, according to experts at the same levels as in 2006. In its total terms, the Brazilian industry had a reduction in its production of 21 percent. Its sales to the United States fell by 42 percent and its total production in 2015 was 2,333,903 units, which places it as second place in the Latin American market. Until December, the Brazilian vehicle industry directly employed 129,776 workers against 144,508 a year ago, a decrease of 10.2 percent. Argentina The years 2015 reported a decrease of 11.8 percent in Argentine production, the worst level in the last six years. As for domestic sales fell by .4% and had a production of only 543,467 units. Exports contracted 31.3% to 245,725 vehicles; And sales to dealers virtually stagnated, as domestic production units increased by 6.5% and imports declined by 5.4%. Its main market is Brazil, with whom it is in the process of liberating the commercial exchange in order to promote both industries. Fiat plant in Ferreyra, Cordoba in Argentina. Chile In Chile the sale of new cars during 2015 was around 282,000 units although it reported a fall of 16.4%. In fact, according to BBVA Research, in 2016 further deterioration in the market is forecast for sales of 257,000 units, less than the year 2015 when sales were marked by 282,000 units. According to BBVA Research in the short and medium term the growth of the automotive market in Chile looks hopeful. The ANAC is the one who watches over the interests of the industry in Chile. The ANAC is the one who watches over the interests of the industry in Chile. Colombia In Colombia, a drop of 13.2% was recorded in 2015 and this year it is estimated a fall in sales of new vehicles to 260,000 units, 8.2% less compared to 2015 when there were 290,000 units sold, although 2015 also showed a fall Of 13.1% compared to 2014, representing a total decrease of 42,756 units. Renault Sofasa assembler in Colombia.

IN MEXICO

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Nuevo León Auto Cluster CLAUT is a civil association comprised of Tier 1 auto industry manufacturers and related academic and government institutions. Its goal is to promote the integration of the auto industry, from vehicle manufacturers to Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 suppliers, including firms offering logistics, consulting and other services geared toward the sector. The Guanajuato Auto Cluster This cluster is comprised of 297 companies, the most noteworthy of which are: General Motors and Volkswagen in Sialo, Mazda in Salamanca and Honda in Celaya, as well as reputable tire manufacturers like Pirelli and manufacturers of auto parts, transmissions and components. Countries that have invested in the state include Germany, Japan, United States, Italy, France, England, Spain, Canada, Brazil, Holland, India, Taiwan, Switzerland, Sweden and Korea. Estado de México Auto Cluster This civil association is made up of OEMs, Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 suppliers, consulting firms, logistics companies, customs agents and other service companies that comprise the automotive industry value chain in the region. Its goal is to promote the development of the sector and strengthen business networks by connecting companies and advocating projects that trigger regional growth and productivity. Chihuahua Auto Cluster The members of this association aim to consolidate Chihuahua as an excellent automotive cluster that is open to growth opportunities for international corporations seeking to join the supply chains of its affiliates. Other clusters The Querétaro Auto Cluster features 15 founding companies, two educational institutions, the Industrial Engineering and Development Center and the Querétaro Science and Technology Board. The San Luis Potosí Auto Cluster is a civil association that works to ensure companies operating in the state meet international specification and certification requirements.

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Become part of the Trans Pacific Partnership to significantly grow cluster Cluster / Federal Executive Branch (Ministry of Economy CSR Import tariffs on both intermediate and final products in the auto industry hinder competition in the local market. Harmonize and gradually decrease tariffs for both intermediate products and assembled cars - National Trade Representative (Ministry of the Economy) FC / CSR Insufficient investment in R&D for international standards. R&D is done by multinationals and at individual level, not covering the Cluster in general. Create tax incentives programs for R&D activities and technology transfer. Establish specialized R&D centers in collaboration with the private sector and universities. - Federal Executive Branch - Cluster (IFC’s) FC Relative to national standards, high availability of skilled human capital relevant to the auto cluster; but quality needs to be increased to reach international levels and higher-value production activities at scale • Emphasis on increasing quality in math and science in primary and secondary education through comprehensive school programs. Increase scholarships and encourage collaboration with business sector in high education by developing specific programs tailored to the Auto cluster needs Government-industry collaboration to develop programs that increase and improve small and medium local suppliers. Build IFC targeted to increasing competitiveness among indigenous auto parts suppliers. In collaboration with National Auto parts Industry association: build capacity, upgrade technology, encourage formalization in tier 2 National and State level Ministries of the Economy Cluster (tier 1 and 2 manufacturers) Mexico

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Central Region Automotive Cluster Microeconomics of Competitiveness 33 brands) who instead source primarily from other foreign owned firms. Many informal micro-suppliers distort competitive environment, and may create disincentives for formal firm participation suppliers. DC Tenancies ownership tax on vehicles remains at state level despite being removed at federal level. Carefully analyze impact of tax elimination with possible action to follow. State governments CSR / DC While high at the local level, low environmental standards with respect to global frontier • Gradually adopt higher environmental standards to foster innovation and efficiency - Federal Executive branch (Ministries of Environment and Economy)