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Coffee Break German Lesson 11 Study Notes

Coffee Break German: Lesson 11 - Notes

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LESSON NOTES FÜR MEINE FRAU EIN KAFFEE MIT SAHNE It’s finally time to start ordering drinks in the café, so in this lesson of Coffee Break German we’ll learn various words and phrases to help you cope in a café situation. There’s more information about verbs from Kirsten, our Grammar Guru, and Julia tells us about the coffee culture in German-speaking areas.

DRINKS VOCABULARY The lesson began with an introduction of new vocabulary related to the topic of drinks in a café or bar. As with all new vocabulary, try to learn the words with the definite article so that you know the gender of the word.

der Kaffee the coffee As we already know, the word der is the definite article (the word for “the”) for masculine words in the nominative case. The indefinite article for masculine words in the nominative case is ein so if you want “a coffee” you can ask for:

ein Kaffee a coffee We also learned some variations:

Coffee Break German: Lesson 11 - Notes

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ein Kaffee mit Sahne a coffee with cream

ein Kaffee mit Milch a coffee with milk (milk on the side)

ein Milchkaffee a coffee with milk (“white coffee”) Note the difference between ein Kaffee mit Milch, where the milk is likely to come in a small jug on the side, and ein Milchkaffee where the milk is already in the coffee.

ein Espresso an espresso

der Tee the tea

ein Tee a tea

ein Tee mit Milch a tea with milk

ein Tee mit Zitrone a tea with lemon

ein Zitronentee a lemon tea Ein Tee mit Zitrone is a tea (any kind of tea) with lemon, for example a slice of lemon, whereas ein Zitronentee is a lemonCoffee Break German: Lesson 11 - Notes

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flavoured fruit tea.

die heiße Schokolade the hot chocolate

eine heiße Schokolade a hot chocolate Note that heiße Schokolade is feminine so it uses the feminine definite article die and indefinite article eine.

eine heiße Schokolade mit Sahne a hot chocolate with cream

die/eine Limonade lemonade

der/ein Saft juice

ein Orangensaft an orange juice

ein Apfelsaft an apple juice

das Wasser the water

ein Wasser a water

Coffee Break German: Lesson 11 - Notes

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The word Wasser is neuter. It uses the definite article das and the indefinite article ein. See below for the full table of definite and indefinite articles in the nominative case:

MASCULINE

FEMININE

NEUTER

DEFINITE (THE)

der

die

das

INDEFINITE (A)

ein

eine

ein

ein Wasser mit Kohlensäure a sparkling water Ein Wasser mit Kohlensäure is literally “a water with carbonic acid”. Despite the scientific-sounding phrase, it is commonly used to ask for a “sparkling water” in German. If you would like a still water, you can use one of the following phrases:

ein Wasser ohne Kohlensäure a still water (literally “a water without carbonic acid”!)

ein stilles Wasser a still water

das/ein Bier beer

der/ein Wein wine Coffee Break German: Lesson 11 - Notes

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der/ein Weißwein white wine

der/ein Rotwein red wine

der/ein Rosé(wein) rosé wine If you would like to ask for “a glass of wine” you can use:

ein Glas Weißwein a glass of white wine Note that there is no word for “of” in this expression: ein Glas Weißwein or ein Glas Rotwein is used.

ein Glas Wasser a glass of water

ein Glas Bier a glass of beer

ein Glas Limonade a glass of lemonade

die/eine Flasche a bottle Just as with ein Glas Weißwein, there is no word for “of” when you ask for “a bottle of lemonade”:

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eine Flasche Limonade a bottle of lemonade

eine Flasche Rotwein a bottle of red wine

eine Flasche Bier a bottle of beer

die/eine Tasse a cup

eine Tasse Zitronentee a cup of lemon tee

eine Tasse Kaffee a cup of coffee

ORDERING DRINKS As in most languages, there are a number of ways to order drinks and ask for things in German. One very common expression is:

ich möchte ... I would like ... We have actually seen this expression already in the phrase ich möchte gern mehr Deutsch lernen which was in the bonus vocabulary for lesson 9. It meant “I would like to learn more German”.

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Ich möchte can be combined with drinks as follows:

ich möchte ein Glas Limonade I would like a glass of lemonade WARNING! Note that ich möchte has to be followed by the accusative so if the drink which comes after is masculine, then you have to change ein to einen. Don’t worry about this just now: we’ll be covering it in the next lesson in more detail. An alternative way to order drinks - and one which avoids the accusative form of the drinks words! - is to use the word für, meaning “for”:

für mich ... for me ...

für meinen Vater for my father

für meinen Sohn for my son

für meine Frau for my wife

für meine Schwester for my sister You may have noticed that für itself needs an accusative, so “for my father” is für meinen Vater. Even so, the drink words - or whatever is ordered - can be in the nominative case!

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TRANSLATION QUIZ Thomas tested Mark on his understanding of the content of this lesson so far with some translation challenges:

für meinen Vater eine Tasse Kaffee for my father a cup of coffee

für meine Tochter ein Glas stilles Wasser for my daughter a glass of still water Using the alternative Wasser ohne Kohlensäure, the above answer would be:

für meine Tochter ein Glas Wasser ohne Kohlensäure for my daughter a glass of still water Note also that it is possible to change the order of the sentence around:

ein Glas Wasser ohne Kohlensäure für meine Tochter “For my father a cup of coffee” The final translation sentence was:

ich möchte eine Flasche Bier I would like a bottle of beer

für mich eine Flasche Bier Coffee Break German: Lesson 11 - Notes

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for me a bottle of beer

SETTLING THE BILL We have previously learned the word die Rechnung for “the bill” / “the check”. An alternative way of asking for the bill uses the word zahlen. You may remember die Zahlen used as a noun, meaning “the numbers”. When it is used as a verb zahlen means “to pay”.

zahlen, bitte the bill, please / can we pay, please?

können wir gleich zahlen? can we pay straight away please?

A CONVERSATION Let’s now put some of this new language into practice in a conversation. In this dialogue, Thomas is playing the part of the waiter and Mark is the customer ordering drinks for his family. Thomas: Guten Tag. Was möchten Sie? Mark:

Für mich ein Milchkaffee bitte. Für meine Frau ein Zitronentee. Für meinen Sohn eine heiße Schokolade und für meine Tochter ein Apfelsaft.

Thomas: Also, ein Milchkaffee, ein Zitronentee, ein Apfelsaft und eine heiße Schokolade mit oder ohne Sahne? Mark:

Ohne Sahne, bitte.

Thomas: Kommt sofort. Thomas: Also, der Milchkaffee ist für ... ? Mark:

Für mich. Der Zitronentee is für meine Frau.

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Thomas: Die heiße Schokolade ohne Sahne für das Fräulein, und der Apfelsaft für den jungen Mann. Mark:

Nein, die heiße Schokolade ist für meinen Sohn, unde der Apfelsaft is für meine Tochter.

Thomas: Ah, tut mir Leid. Alles in Ordnung? Mark:

Ja, danke schön. Können wir gleich zahlen, bitte?

Thomas: Ja, natürlich. Das macht neun sechzig, bitte. Mark:

Elf, stimmt so.

Thomas: Danke.

Use the notes below to help you understand the conversation fully.

was möchten Sie? what would you like? This is the Sie form of the phrase ich möchte ... , “I would like ...”.

mit oder ohne Sahne? with or without cream?

kommt sofort straight away. Literally this means “comes at once”. It is common to hear a waiter saying this as he goes off to prepare the order.

das Fräulein the young lady

der jungen Mann the young man. In the context of the conversation, den jungen Mann is in the accusative case after the preposition für, just as as we have seen with für meinen Vater and so on.

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tut mir Leid I’m sorry

alles in Ordnung? is everything ok

das macht ... that makes ...

neun sechzig (€9,60) nine euros sixty

elf, stimmt so eleven, that’s fine. This is a common way to give a tip in German, by rounding up and stating the amount you wish to pay.

GRAMMAR GURU In this episode’s Grammar Guru segment, Kirsten returns to the topic of verbs and discusses the plural forms of verbs in the present tense. Hallo - it’s your Grammar Guru here again and today I’m going to be fulfilling the promise I made to you a couple of lessons ago. I’m going to be teaching you the plural verb endings so that you will then be able to talk to - or about - more than one person. So, let’s start with those plural endings, using the same verb as we did last time, kommen. You’ll remember that the verb as it appears in this form is called the infinitive and that the first step to conjugation is to take off the -en ending which leaves us with the stem. Now we add our endings to this stem. Coffee Break German: Lesson 11 - Notes

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The first person plural is the wir form: “we”. The ending is -en, so for “we come” we have wir kommen. You may well be asking yourself why we took -en off the infinitive and then added it back on for the wir form! I’ll just say that it helps to think of forming verbs in this way, and as you move forward with more German grammar, you’ll thank me! Then we come to the second person plurals. Just like the singular du and Sie for informal and formal, there are also two forms in the plural, again an informal one and a formal one. The formal one is the same as the singular: Sie kommen means “you are coming” or “you come”, if you are addressing one or more people that you don’t know. The informal one is ihr and it’s like a plural form of du - where you’re talking to more than one person that you know well. The ending for ihr is -t, so we get ihr kommt. Finally the third person plural - the German for “they” - is also sie, so the verb form is sie kommen. It sounds exactly the same as the formal second person forms, but remember that the formal Sie is written with a capital S and sie as in “they” is written with a lower case s. So there we have the plural verb endings: wir kommen, ihr kommt, Sie kommen, sie kommen. Let’s now conjugate the whole of the verb kommen with the singular and plural forms:

SINGULAR

PLURAL

1ST

ich komme

wir kommen

2ND (INFORMAL)

du kommst

ihr kommt

2ND (FORMAL)

Sie kommen

Sie kommen

3RD

er/sie/es kommt

sie kommen

Coffee Break German: Lesson 11 - Notes

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So there you have it: you can now conjugate a whole verb in German! Many verbs follow the same pattern as kommen in the present tense, for example zahlen, “to pay”. We take off the -en of the infinitive and add the same endings, giving ich zahle, du zahlst, Sie zahlen, er/sie/es zahlt, wir zahlen, ihr zahlt, Sie zahlen, sie zahlen. Don’t worry about these verbs: as you proceed through the Coffee Break German course and become more familiar with German grammar you’ll begin to use the verbs naturally and know what to say when you need to say it!

CULTURAL CORRESPONDENT In this lesson’s Cultural Correspondent feature, Julia talks about coffee culture in the German-speaking parts of the world. Hallo Mark, servus Thomas, und guten Tag an alle unsere Coffee Break German Zuhörer! Ich bin’s, Julia, eure Kulturreporterin, und heute werde ich über Kaffee und Tee sprechen. Did you get that? I’m going to be speaking about coffee and tea. See, you’re beginning to understand German perfectly! In general Germany is a coffee-drinking nation. It starts in the morning at home, continues with a coffee-to-go on the commute to work, and we actually say “Coffee-to-go”, rather than ein Kaffee zum mitnehmen. Then it continues with a coffee mid-morning, and by the time it gets to mid afternoon, you’re already thinking about Kaffeetrinken, that special time of the afternoon, when you sit down with a cup of coffee and a cake, Kaffee und Kuchen.

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In fact Kaffeetrinken is almost seen as the fourth meal of the day, in addition to breakfast, Frühstück, lunch, Mittag and dinner, Abendbrot. The fact is that at this fourth meal of the day you don’t even need to have a coffee as such, but the coffee culture is so engrained in our society that it makes sense for this meal or snack to be named after it. But it’s not all about coffee, because in German-speaking parts of the world, tea is almost just as important. Be careful: when I say “tea” I don’t necessarily mean a cup of English tea with milk. This would be Schwarzer Tee (“black tea”). Everything that comes in what looks like a tea bag we call tea, even if it doesn’t contain tea leaves. For example you’ll find a vast selection of herbal and fruit teas, everything from apple, raspberry, peppermint to fennel, caramel, vanilla or nettle tea. So in a café, if you say: ich möchte einen Tee “I would like a tea” the waiter will offer you a full range of teas and you can choose whichever flavour you fancy. So now you know a little more about what to ask for in a café in a German-speaking country. Oh, I’ve just noticed, it’s coming up to half past three, so I’m off to Kaffeetrinken with my friends! Bis später!

DAS REICHT FÜR HEUTE Ready for more? Turn the page to continue with the bonus materials for this lesson.

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CORE VOCABULARY der Kaffee a coffee

ein Kaffee mit Sahne a coffee with cream

ein Kaffee mit Milch a coffee with milk (milk on the side)

ein Milchkaffee a coffee with milk (“white coffee”)

ein Espresso an espresso

der Tee the tea

ein Tee mit Milch a tea with milk

ein Tee mit Zitrone a tea with lemon

ein Zitronentee a lemon tea

die heiße Schokolade the hot chocolate

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eine heiße Schokolade mit Sahne a hot chocolate with cream

die/eine Limonade lemonade

der/ein Saft juice

ein Orangensaft an orange juice

ein Apfelsaft an apple juice

das/ein Wasser water

ein Wasser mit Kohlensäure a sparkling water

ein Wasser ohne Kohlensäure a still water (literally “a water without carbonic acid”!)

ein stilles Wasser a still water

das/ein Bier beer

der/ein Wein wine

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der/ein Weißwein white wine

der/ein Rotwein red wine

der/ein Rosé(wein) rosé wine

das Glas the glass

ein Glas Weißwein a glass of white wine

ein Glas Wasser a glass of water

ein Glas Bier a glass of beer

ein Glas Limonade a glass of lemonade

die/eine Flasche a bottle

eine Flasche Limonade a bottle of lemonade

eine Flasche Rotwein a bottle of red wine

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eine Flasche Bier a bottle of beer

die/eine Tasse a cup

eine Tasse Zitronentee a cup of lemon tee

eine Tasse Kaffee a cup of coffee

ich möchte ... I would like ...

für mich ... for me ...

für meinen Vater for my father

für meinen Sohn for my son

für meine Frau for my wife

für meine Schwester for my sister

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BONUS VOCABULARY die Cola cola

die Apfelschorle fizzy apple juice

das Radler shandy

der Whisky whisky

der Schwarztee black tea

der Früchtetee fruit tea

der Grüntee green tea

der Schnaps schnapps

der Eiswürfel ice cube

die Eiswürfel ice cubes

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