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Codes and Standards Training Institute ""

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ASME Section IX Welding Codes and Metallurgy for Engineers, Inspectors, and Experienced Tradesmen April 30-May 3, 2013

Codes and Standards Training Institute Suite 205, 10544 106 Street, Edmonton, AS T5H 2X6 phone: 780-424-2552 fax: 780-421-1308 website: www.casti.ca email: casti @casti.ca

Engineering Information: Training and Publishing API, ASME, ASTM, AWS, NACE, CSA Metallurgy, Welding, NDE, Piping, Pressure Vessels

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TERMS AND CONDITIONS COPYRIGHT © 2013 Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST!}. All rights reserved. All CAST! course materials are the property of CAST! and CAST! Publishing Inc. The materials are copyrighted and protected under Canadian and International copyright laws. Copying any CAST! materials without written permission from CAST! is illegal. No part of CAST! notebooks covered by copyright laws may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means- graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, information storage, or retrieval systems- without the written permission of CAST!. CAST! reserves the right to revise these policies, terms, and conditions at any time without notice.

INTENT OF ATIENDANCE The course text and materials supplied to attendees at CAST! courses are prepared and issued for the attendee's sole use. Use of CAST! materials and training methods in any form for training personnel, other than fully paid attendees of CAST! courses, is strictly forbidden. All employees of companies offering any form of training in areas that are the same or similar to the training provided by CAST! are strictly prohibited from attending a CAST! course and subsequently presenting the same or similar courses for any reason and under any circumstances, or any other form of obtaining and using CAST! training materials or methods. Committing any of these acts without written permission from CAST! is a violation of these Terms and Conditions, and will be dealt with through legal actions. Attendance at our courses or sending attendees to our courses constitutes full acceptance of these Terms and Conditions and no other Terms and Conditions contained in purchase orders, requisitions or other documents shall supersede these Terms and Conditions under any circumstance.

IMPORTANT NOTICE The material presented herein has been prepared for the general information of the reader and should not be used or relied upon for specific applications without first securing competent technical advice. Nor should it be used as a replacement for current complete engineering codes and standards. In fact, CAST! highly recommends that the appropriate, current engineering codes and standards be reviewed in detail prior to any decision making. Codes, standards, and technology constantly change. Information delivered in CAST! courses and contained in course materials is based on the best available information obtained by CAST! and its instructors at the time of the course. While the material in all CAST! notebooks was prepared with great effort and is believed to be technically correct, CASTI and its staff do not represent or warrant the material's suitability for any general or specific use and assume no liability or responsibility of any kind in connection with the information therein. CAST! is in no way responsible for subsequent use regardless of intention. Nothing in the CAST! notebooks shall be construed as a defense against any alleged infringement ofletters of patents, copyright, or trademark, or as defense against liability for such infringement.

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 3

Notebook Page 4

Introduction to Codes and Standards The Need Standards and codes have been established for manufacturing, operation of equipment, and personal conduct that represent the minimum standard of quality ·o r behavior that is to be expected by the manufacturer, supplier, operator or individual. Codes and standards that deal with manufacturing and operation of pressure systems establish the rules for minimum safety. For equipment components to be safe, they must be standardized so that personnel can become familiar with the various pieces of equipment for their safe operation. While the safety aspects are easy to understand, the standardization concept r equires va rious manufacturers to make equipment that will interface with other equipment or components so that th e equipment can be safely coupled together. Therefore, while codes and standards have subtle different meanings and requirements, the ultimate goal is to produce products that function safer. In th e "Foreword" section of ASME VIII, Division1, this role is clearly defined: ''The Committee's function is to establish rules of safety .. .". Similar wording is presented in the "Introduction" of ASME B31.3; "The Code sets forth engineering requirements deemed necessary for safe design and construction of pressure piping." The Canadian Standards Association has been providing a Code for the m anufacture and operation of pressured components since 1939. The need for such a s tandard however was recognized in the previous century when investigations were undertaken by a US congressional committee to define the safety requirements for pressure containment systems. What we h ave today is a set of safety standards t hat have been developed over many years through the experience and deliberation of engineers and scientists who have the goal of making equipment that functions properly and safely.

T he Legal Position of the Pressure Equipment Codes In Canada, the jurisdiction for public safety is split between the Federal and Province governments with the Federal government responsible for issues that transcribe provincial boundaries while the provincial governments are confined to issues within their boundaries. It is the responsibility of the applicable jurisdiction to decide upon the rules and regulations for the design, manufacture, operation and inspection of pressure containment systems. In Canada, we have an organization of volunteers known as the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) that produces standards and guidelines for various facets of product manufacture and use. The CSA Standards Steering Committee on public safety has a technical subcommittee on boilers and pressure vessels. This committee has been active for a great many years and in 1939, published the first Canadian Standard dealing with pressure containment systems. The Standard CSA B51 "Boiler, Pressure Vessel, and Pressure Piping Code", and. was produced to standardize the safety aspects of pr essure containment systems among the Provincial Jurisdictions in Canada. This Standard makes a number of codes and standards by other organizations mandatory, a listing of which is given in the following excerpt from B51. Among those mandatory standards are the ASME

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST!)

Notebook Paqe 5

Standards relating to pressure piping and boiler and pressure vessels, and the CSA Standard for oil and gas pipeline systems. I n Canada, the legislative assemblies of the various jurisdictions have passed Acts normally referred to as the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Act. These Acts set up an authority to administer matters related to pressure vessels, boilers, and pressure piping. The authority in turn makes regulations to facilitate the administration of their legislated responsibility and the key component of all these regulations is the adoption of CSA B51 in whole or in part. Most of the jurisdictions also have a Pipelines Act that establishes one or more authorities that are responsible for pipelines. These legislated Acts make the ASME pressure vessel, boiler and pressure piping Standards and Codes, and the CSA pipeline standard the law for minimum safety in the design, operation and inspection of pressure systems.

Codes and Standards for Pressure Vessels and Piping As previously indicated, the overriding Standard in Canada is CSA B51 "Boiler, Pressure Vessel, and Pressure Piping Code". This Code requires that drawings and specifications of designs of boilers, pressure vessels, and piping systems must be submitted to the regulatory authority and the design must be accepted and registered in the jurisdiction before construction is commenced. In addition, fittings shall likewise be registered if they are to form a part of a boiler or pressure vessel or pressure piping system. When a design is acceptable, a Canadian Registration Number (CRN) is issued. This design will be a sequential number issued by the jurisdictional authority. That number will be followed by a decimal with another number indicating the jurisdictional authority which has approved the design, e.g. 1) British Columbia, 2) Alberta, 3) Saskatchewan, 4) Manitoba, 5) Ontario, 6) Quebec, 7) New Brunswick, 8) Nova Scotia, 9) Prince Edward Island, 0) Newfoundland, T) Northwest Territories, Y) Yukon Territory, N) Nunavit.

In a similar manner, welding and brazing procedures are to be registered with the regulatory authority. As with pressure vessel and piping design, the Provincial code number shall be used following the decimal point of the registration number. To ensure that the fabricated system is traceable to manufacturer and original material of use, the documentation specified in the applicable ASME Code (known as the "Data Report") must be submitted to the jurisdictional authority. As well, a means of permanently identifying the part so that it is traceable back to that Data Report shall be undertaken. As a minimum, this identification will include the CRN. For manufacture of pressure containment systems, a satisfactory quality control system is required. Those companies within Canada that possess a valid stamp of authorization by the ASME are presumed to have in place a satisfactory quality control system. Not all pressure containment work is applicable to the ASME Code, nor do all jurisdictions require that pressure work be done strictly by those firms conforming to the ASME Code and therefore, other forms of quality control programs may be accepted by the jurisdictional authority.

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 6

Alberta Acts and Regulations for Pressure Equipment The hierarchy of Alberta Act s and Regulations that govern pressure equipment is as follows.

Alberta Safety Codes Act Ministerial Orders

II

Regulations (e.g., PESR)

CSA 851 , 852 (B&PV, Piping) ASME B&PV Codes

ASME 831 Piping Codes

I

Administrator's Directives, Variances, Interpretations

II Other Adopted ,I Bodies of Rules

Cod es and Standar ds Declared in Force by t h e Alb erta R egulations

The codes and standards set out the minimum requirements for the design and construction of pressure equipment under the jurisdict ion of the act. Codes and standards are updated regularly by technical committees comprised of representatives of owners, manufacturers, the concerned public, other affected parties and jurisdictions. Codes and standards are declared in force by the Design, Constr uction and Installation of Boilers and Pressure Vessel Regulations. By declaring the codes and standards in force, all the r equirements of the standards become mandatory for Alberta unless specifically exempt. The Pressure Equipment Safety Regulation (AR 49/2006) Section 6 declares the following codes and standards in force in respect of pressure equipment: CSA Codes

• • •

CSA B51 Boiler, Pressure Vessel, and Pressure Piping Code CSA B52 Mechanical Refrigeration Code CSA 2662 Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems - (in particular, the oilfield steam distribution Cla use)

ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code

• • • • • • • • • • • o

Section I Rules for Construction of Power Boilers Section II Materials Section III Rules for Construction of Nuclear Power Plant Components Section IV Rules for Construction of Heating Boilers Section V Nondestructive Examination Section VI Recommended Rules for Care and Operation of Heating Boilers Section VII Recommended Guidelines for Care of Power Boilers Section VIII Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels Divisio? 1, 2 and 3 Sect ion IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications Section X Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels Section XI Rules for Inservice Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Components Section XII Rules for Construction and Continued Service of Transport Tanks

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST I)

Notebook Page 7

ASME Pressure P iping Cod es • • • •

B31.1 Power Piping B31.3 Process Piping B31.5 Refrigeration Piping and Heat Transfer Components B31.9 Building Services Piping

Other Bodies of Ru les • • • • • • •

ANSI K61.1 Safety Requirements for the Storage and Handling of Anhydrous Ammonia NFPA 58 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code NFPA 59 Utility LP-Gas Plant Code MSS Standard Practice, SP-25, Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges and Unions Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association Standards (TEMA) (refer to IB03-010 for details) API Standard 661, Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers for General Refinery Services

CSA 851 - Boiler, Pressure Vessel, and Pressure Piping Code One of CSA's goal is to harmonize its standards with those of other countries to the greatest extent possible. To this end, the CSA Technical Committee on Boilers and Pressure Vessels and its subcommittees work closely with other code development organizations, such as the National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors (NBBPVI) and with the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) committees responsible for producing boiler and pressure vessel related codes. CSA 51 has three main parts, as follows: Part 1 contains requirements for boilers, pressure vessels, pressure p1pmg, and fittings. It is intended mainly to fulfill two objectives: first, to promote safe design, construction, installation, oper ation, inspection, testing, and repair practices, and second, to facilitate adoption of uniform requirements by Canadian jurisdictions. Part 2 contains requirements for high-pressure cylinders for the on-board storage of natural gas as a fuel for automotive vehicles. It has been harmonized with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Standard 11439:2000, Gas cylinders- High pressure cylinders for the onboard storage of natural gas as a fuel for automotive vehicles. In addition, the CSA subcommittee responsible for developing Part 2 has consulted with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) committee responsible for developing ANSI Standard NGV2-2000, Basic Requirements for Compressed Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) Fuel Containers. The members ofthese two committees are dedicated to harmonizing their Standards as far as circumstances allow. Part 3 contains requirements for compressed natural gas refuelling station pressure piping systems and ground storage vessels. These requirements have been allotted a separate part of the Standard to emphasize the differences between them and the requirements in Part 1, and thereby to facilitate their application.

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST!)

Notebook Page 8

In 2009 a new edition of CSA B51 was released- the first new edition since 2003. Some ofthe more significant changes within the 2009 edition include the following subjects: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

acceptability of fittings manufactured outside Canada (Part 1, Clause 4.2.4); documentation supporting registration or reregistration (Part 1, Clause 4.2.6); new requirement for hot tapping (Part 1, Clause 4.7 .3); small pressure vessels registered as Category H fittings are exempt fr om shop inspection (Part 1, Clause 4.8.2(g)); a udit requirements for m anufacturer s outside of Canada (P art 1, Clause 4.11); two means for determining the water level for high-pressure steam boilers (Part 1, Clause 6.3.1.3); new requirements for welded staybolts (Part 1, Clause 6.8); fittings used in piping systems need to be registered (P art 1, Clause 8.2); and new definition of"design pressure" has been added to Parts 1 and 2.

It is important t o note that CSA B51 is a recommended do t

.33

t/>

Diameter

+ Position

t/>

Position

.3

t/> i -1-

>

.25 .26

X

Vertical welding

X

X X

Increase> 100°F (55°C) 100°F (55°C)

.4

.6

X

Preheat maint.

t/J

"' "'

.1

X

Classificat ion

.1

.8

X

X

X

.2

.4

X

in. (13 mm)

P-No. qual ified

.30

.2

X

X

.12

.2

X

TQualified

Diameter> ~ in. (6 mm)

.5 QW-410 Technique

X

.1

QW-409 Electrical Characteristics

X

T Limits impact

.3

QW-407 PWH T

Root spacing Retainers Group Number

.1 QW-406 Preheat

X

.7

.6

0

Backing

"' "' "'

.5

"' "' "'4> "'4> "' ±

.64

( Nonessential

Groove design

"'"' "' "' "'

Supplementary Essential

Essential

PWHT

X

PWHT CT & T range)

X

T Limits

X

Heat input

X

Current or polarity

X

X

l & E range

X

String/weave

X

Method cleaning

X

X

Method back gouge Multiple to single pass/side

X

Manual or automatic

X X

Peening

X

Use of ther mal processes

X

Legend :

+ Addition

> Incr ease/greater than

i

-

< Decrease/less t han

-1- Downhill

Deletion

Uphill

t- Forehand ~

¢> Change

Backhand

for a WPS is a nonessential variable (see QW-402.1).

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) 1\lntohnnk P::onP (',7

Example Q36: QW-253 SMAW WPS Variable- Base Metal

For SMAW, what type of WPS variable is a change in base metal thickness beyond the range qualified in QW-451? QW-253 WELDING VARIABLES PROCEDURE SPECIFICATIONS (WPS) Shielded Metal-Arc Welding (SMAW)

QW-402 Joints

QW-403 Base Metals

QW-404 Filler Metals

Groove design

X

Backing

X

.10

Root spacing

X

.1 1

±

Retainers

X

.5

Group Number

X

.6

T Limits impact

X

.8

TQ.lalifie:i

.1 1

P-No. qualifie:i

X

.4

F-Numba-

X

.5

A-Numba-

X

Diameter>~ i n. (6 mm)

.1 2

a assi fi cation

.33

"'

Classification

X

.1

+

Position

X

"'

H

.2

.2

X X

t

X

Position

X

X

Vertical welding

Decrease> 100• F (55•C)

X

X

Preheat maint.

X

Increase> 1oo•F (55•C) (I P)

X

.1

PWHT

.2

PWHT (T & T range)

X X

T limits >

Heat input

X X

.8

"'

Current or polarity

.1 .5

.1 .4

X

I & E range

X

String/weave

X

Method cleaning

X

.6

Method back gouge

X

.9

Multiple to single passlside

.25 .26 .64 Legend: + Addition - Deletion

X

Diameter

.6 .7

.4

QW-410 Technique

( X) X

t Pass> ~ in. {13 mm)

.9

.3

QW-409 Electrical Characteristics

Nonessential

-

.1

QW-407 PWHT

E~ti al

.4

.3 QW-406 Preheat

Supplementary

.1

.30

QW-405 Positions

CE~tial:>

Brief ol Variables

Paragraph

"'

±

X

X

Peening Use ol thermal processes

> Increase/greater than < Decrease/less than

X

X

Manual or automatic

Uphill Downh ill

X Forehand _, Backhand

Root spacing

X

.11

±

Retainers

X

.5

4>

Qoup Number

.8 .9

X X

4> T QJalifia:l t Pass>~ in. (13 mm)

.11

4>

.4

X

P-No. qualifi a:l

4>

F-Number

.5

4>

A-Number

6

X

0 X

4>

Diameter

.7

4>

Diameter >~ in. (6 mm)

.1 2

4>

Oassification

.30

4> t

.33

4>

Classification

X

.1

+

Position

X

.2

4>

Posit ion

.3

4> l!

X

X

Decrease> 1oo•F (55.C) Preheat malnt.

.1

4> PWHT 4> PWHT {T & T range)

X

>

4> CUrrent or polarity

.8

4> I & E range

X

Heat input

X X

X X

String/weave

X

Method cleaning

X

.5

"'4>

.6

4> Method back gouge

"' "'

X

X

T limits

.1

.64

X

X

.4

.26

X

Increase > 1oo•F (5s•q (IP)

.2

.9

X

Va-ti cal weldi ng

.1

4>

X X

.2

.25

Legend: + Addition - Deletion

X

T Li mits impact

.6

.1

QW-410 Technique

Nonessential

4>

.4 QW-409 Electrical Characteristics

Supplementary Essential

Essential )

.1

.3 QW-407 PWHT

(

X

Multiple to single pass'side

X

Manual or automatic

X

± Peening

X X

Use of thermal processes

> Inc rease/greater than < Decrease/less than

X

l !

Uphill Downhill

,__ Forehand Backhand

4>

Change

--+

A change in the F-No. is an essential variable for a WPS (see QW-404.4).

© Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST!) NntPhnnk P::tnP. fiQ

Example 038: QW-253 SMAW WPS Variable- Positions

For SMAW, what type of WPS variable is a change in the progression specified for any pass of a vertical weld? QW-253 WELDING VARIABLES PROCEDURE SPECIFICATIONS (WPS) Shielded Metal-Arc Welding (SMAW) Paragraph

OW-402 Joints

QW-403 Base Metals

QW-404 Filler Metals

.1

Groove design

X

-

Backing

X

.10

Root spacing

X

.11

±

Retainers

X

5

Group Number

.6

T Li mits impact

.8

T Qual i fi a:!

X

.4

F-Number

X

.5

A-Number

X

.6

.7 .12

2

.2 .3 .1

"' "'

.6 .9 .25 .26 .64

X

Oassification

t

X

Position

X

"'

H

"' "'

>

.5

X

+

.1

.8

Diameter> !.'4 in. (6 mm)

X

.4

.4

X

Diameter

Classification

"'

"' "'

.2

.1

Legend : + Addition - Deletion

t Pass> ~ in. (1 3 mm)

X

.1

QW-410 Technique

X

X

P-No. quali fia:l

.3

QW-409 Electrical Characteristics

X

.11

.1

QW-407 PWHT

.9

.33

QW-406 Preheat

([onessenti~

.4

.30

QW-405 Positions

Supplementary Essential

Essential

Brief of Variables

"'

"' "' "' "' "'

±

X

Position

(~

Vertical wading

X

Decrease> 1oo •F (55.C) Preheat main!.

X X

1ncrease > 1oo•F (55°C) (I P) PWHT

X

X

PWHT (T & T range) T l imits

X

Heat input

X

Current or polarity

X

X

I & E range

X

String/weave

X

Method cleaning

X X

Method back gouge Multiple to single pass's de

X

X

Peening

X

Use of thermal processes

> Increase/greater than < Decrease/less than

X

X

Manual or automatic

Uphill Downhill

..... Forehand ..... Backhand

¢>Change

For SM... J.'2 in. (13 mm)

X

.11

P-No. qualifie:J

.4

F-Number

X

X

.33

.1

+ Position

.7 .12

.2

"'

"'

"'

X

A-Number

"' "' "' "'

X

Diameter

Diameter >~ in. (6 mm)

X

O assification

X

t

X X

Classification

X X

Position

t!

X

Va-ti cal welding

.1

"'

Decrease > 1oo•F (ss·c )

.2

Preheat maint. 1ncreare

( x) X

> 1oo•F (5s•c ) (I P)

X X

.1

PWHT

.2

PWHT (T & T range)

X

Tlimi ts

.1

>

.4

CUrrent or polarity

.8

I & E range

X X

Heat input

X

X X

.1

String/weave

X

.5

Method cleaning

X

.6

Method back gouge

.9

Multiple to single pas:fside

.25

Manual or automatic

.26

±

Peening

.64

Legend : + Addition - Deletion

X

Tlimits impact

.4 QW-409 Electrical Characteristics

X

T Cllal i fi e:J

.3 QW-407 PWHT

X

Retainers

.8

.3

QW-406 Preheat

X

.6

.6

Nonessential

X

G-oup Number

Supplementary Essential

Root spacing

±

.9

::>

Backing

.5

.30

QW-405 Positions

"'

Essential

Groove design

.11

.5 QW-404 Filler Metals

-"'

(

X X

X

X

X

Use of thErmal processES

> Increase/greater than < Decrease/less than

X

t Uphill ! Downhill

-

Forehand Backhand

.4

.8

.6 .9 .25 .26 .64

X

X X

Classification

H

X X X

Vertical welding

Decrease > 1oo•F (ss•c )

.3

.2

X

Y.t in. (6 mm)

a assi fi cat ion

Position

.2

X

Diameter Diameter>

+ Position

.1

Legend: + Addition - Deletion

X

.2

.5 QW-4 10 Technique

t Pass >!12 in. (13 mm) P-No. qualified

.1

.1 QW-406 Preheat

X

4> f

"'4>

X

TQJali fied

.30

.3

X

T Limits impact

"'4> 4>

X X

G-oup Number

.1 2

33 QW-405 Positions

Nonessential

.1

.5 QW-403 Base Metals

Supplementary Essential

(Essential )

"' "' "' "' "' "' "'

±

X

X

Preheat maint. Increase>

1oo•F (ss•C)

(IP)

X

@

PWHT

X

PWHT (T & T range) Tlimits

X

Heat input

X

Cu-rent or polari ty

X

X

I & E range

X

String/weave

X

Method cleaning

X X

Method back gouge Multiple to singl e pass'side

X

X

Peening Use of thermal processes

> Increase/greater than < Decrease/less than

X X

Manual or automatic

Uph i ll Down hill

X -

Forehand Backhand

4>

Change

QW-407.1 is an essential variable which specifies a separate procedure qualification is required for the addition or deletion of a PWHT below the lower transformation temperature (see QW-407.1(a) and QW-407.1(a)(2)).

© Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI)

Notebook Page 72

Example 041: QW-253 SMAW WPS Variable- Electrical Characteristics

For SMAW, what type ofWPS variable is an increase in heat input? QW-253 W ELDING VARIABLES PROCEDURE SPECIFICATIONS (WPS) Shielded Metal-Arc Welding (SMAW) Brief of Variables

Paragraph

QW-402 Joints

QW-403 Base Metals

Groove design

X

.4

-

Backing

X

.10

4>

Root spacing

X

.11

:t Retainers

.5

"' "'

.6

8 .9

.5 .6 .7 .12 .30

T limits impact

4> 4> 4> 4> 4>

A-Number

X

Diameter>~ in. (6 mm)

X

a assi fi cation

X

t

4> 4> tt

l ncra:~~>

.5

.9 .25

.26 .64 Legend: + Addition - Deletion

X

X X

100'F (55'C) (IP)

X

t/> PWHT

>

.6

X

Vertical welding

Decrease > 100'F (55'C)

.1

.8

X

X

4> Preheat maint.

"'

.4

X

Posi tion

.4

.1

QW-410 Technique

X

Position

.3

QW-409 Electrical Characteristics

X

Diameter

+

.2

X

X

.1

.1

X

F-Number

Classifi cation

.2

X X

TQ.aalifia:l

.33

.2

X

G-oup Number

t Pass>~ in. (13 mm) 4> P-No. qualifia::f

.1

QW-407 PWHT

X

"'4>

.3 QW-406 Preheat

Nonessential

4>

.4

QW-405 Positions

Essential

.1

.11

QW-404 Filler Metals

c:_upplementa~

Essential

"'tP "'t/> "' "' "'

:1:

PWHT (T & T range)

X

Tlimits

X

@

Heat ineut Current or polarity

X

X

I & E range

X

String/weave

X

Method cleaning

X

Method back gouge

X X

Multiple to si ngle pass/side

X

Manual or automatic

X

Peening

X

u~

> Increase/greater than < Decrease/less than

of thermal procelSeS Uphill Downhill

X -

Forehand Backhand

4>

Change

For S MAW, an increase in heat input is a supplement ary essential variable for a WPS (see QW-409.1).

© Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST!) NntPhnnk PrtnP 73

Example Q42: QW-253 SMAW WPS Variable- Techniques

For SMAW, what type ofWPS variable is the addition or deletion of peening? QW-253 WELDING VARIABLES PROCEDURE SPECIFICATIONS (WPS) Shielded Metal-Arc Welding (SMAW) Brief of Va1iables

Paragraph

QW-402 Joints

QW-403 Base Metals

Groove design

X

.4

-

Backing

X

.10

Root spacing

X

.11

± Retainers

.5

4>

.8

X

t Pass> }2 in. (13 mm)

X

P-No. qualified

X

F-Number

X

A-Number

X

"' "'

.7



Diameter>~ in. (6 mm)

X

aasafication

X

.30

"'

.1

+

Position

2

Position

.3

.2

.1

.2

.1 .4

l!

X

X X

Vert ical welding

X

X

Preheat main!.

1ncr ease > 1oo•F ( ss•q (1P)

X X

PWHT



Heat input

X X

X

CUrrent or polari t y

.8

Inc rease/greater than < Decrease/less than

X

Uphill Downhill

,_ Forehand - Backhand

¢>Change

For SMAW, the addition or deletion of peening is a nonessential variable for a WPS (see QW-410.26).

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI)

Notebook Page 74

Example 043: QW-254 SAW WPS Variable- Supplemental

For SAW, what type of WPS variable is the addition, deletion, or change of more than 10% in the volume of s upplemental filler metal? QW-254 WELDING VARIABLES PROCEDURE SPECIFICATIONS (WPS) Submerged-Arc Welding (SAW) Paragraph QW-402 Joints

QW-403 Base Metals

Brief of Variables Groove design

X

-

X

Backing

.10

Root spaci ng

X

.11

± Retainers

X

.5

Group Number

.6

X X

TQ..Ialified

t Pass~ in.

(13 mm)

P-No. qualifi ed

X

.4

F-Number

X

.5

A-Number

X

.6

Diameter

.9

Flux/wire class .

.10

A ll oy flux

.24

±

Supplerner~tal

.27

All oy aerner1t s

.29

Fl ux designation

t

.30

.33

Oas9fication

.34

Fl ux type

.35

Fl ux/wire d ass.

.36

Recrushed slag

.1

.1 .2

X X X

0 X X X X X X

X

Decrease> 1oo•F (55.C)

X X

Pretleat rnaint.

I ncr~> 1oo·F (55.C) (IP) PWHT

.2

PWHT (T & T range)

Tlimit s

X

X

+ Position

.1

.4 QN-409 Electrical Characteristics

X

.11

.3 QW-407 PWHT

X

T limits

QW-406 Preheat

Nonessenti al

.1

.9

QN-405 Positions

Supplem entary Essential

.4

.8

QW-404 Filler Metals

~ssentia,.L..

X X X X

.1

> Heat input

X

.4

Currer1t or polarity

X

.8

I & E range

X X

For SAW, the addition, deletion, or change of more than 10% in the volume of supplemental filler metal for a WPS is an essential variable (see QW404.24).

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST!)

'Example 044: QW-255 SAW WPS Variable- Gas

For SAW, what type of WPS variable is a change from a single shielding gas to any other single shielding gas? QW-255 WELDING VARIABLES PROCEDURE SPECIFICATIONS (WPS) (CONT'D) Gas Metal-Arc Welding (GMAW and FCAW)

QW-408 Gas

QW-410 Technique

± Trail or

PWHT (T &T range) T l imits

.4 QW-408 Gas

~ssenti~

X X X

X X X X

'1

± Trail or ¢> oomp.

.2

¢> Single, mixture, or %

.3

¢> Flow rate

X

.5

± or ¢>Backing flow

X

.9

-

Backing or¢> comp.

X

.10

¢> Shielding or trailing

X

X

QW-404.14 is an essential variable that specifies an addition or deletion of filler metal is an essential variable. Note: this is an essential variable since GTAW can be used with or without filler metal (i.e., auto enous welding).

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) 1\lntPhnnl
1 in. it is essential not a welding variable either nonessential or essential depending on the filler metal

Practice Problem 047: OW-253 SMAW WPS Variable- Electrode Classification

For a SMAW WPS, what type of WPS variable is a change in the electrode classification within an SFA specification (i.e., no notch toughness testing)? a) b) c) d) e)

nonessential essential not a welding variable none of the above all of the above

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 78

Article Ill - Welder and Welding Operator Performance Qualifications QW-300 General· QW-300.1 This Article lists the welding processes separately, with the essential variables that apply to welder and welding operator performance qualifications, much like Article II for WPSs . Again, much like Article II, the welder qualification is limited by the essential variables given for each welding process, as listed in QW-350 tables and which are summarized in one larger table in QW-416. Welding operator essential variables are found in QW-460. A welder or welding operator may be qualified by volumet ric NDE of a test coupon, or their initial production welding within the limitations of QW-304 and QW-305 or by bend tests taken from a test coupon. QW-300.2(a) restates that the basic premises of responsibility are contained within QW-103 and QW-301.2. These paragraphs require that each manufacturer or contractor is responsible for conducting tests to qualify the performance of welders and welding operators in accordance with qualified WPSs , which th eir organization employs in the construction of weldments built in accordance with the ASME B&PV Code. The purpose of this requirement is to ensure that the manufacturer or contractor has determined that their welders and welding operators using their procedures are capable of developing the minimum requirements specified for an acceptable weldment. This responsibility cannot be delegated to another organization. QW-300.2(b) further states that the welders or welding oper ators used to produce such weldments must be tested under the full s upervision and control of the manufacturer, contractor, assembler, or installer during th e production of these test weldments. It is not permissible for the manufacturer, contractor, assembler, or installer to have the welding of the test coupon performed by another organization. However, it is permissible, to subcontract any or all of the work of preparation of test materials for welding and subsequent work on the preparation of test specimens from the completed weldments, performance of nondestructive examination and mechanical tests, provided the manufacturer, contractor, assembler, or installer accepts full responsibility for any such work. Intent ofTests • QW-301.1 The performance qualification tests are intended to determine the ability of welders and welding operators to make sound welds.

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Paoe 79

Qualification Tests- QW-301.2 Each manufacturer or contractor must qualify each welder or welding operator for each welding process to be used in production welding. Each performance qualification test must be welded in accordance with qualified WPSs. Identification of Welders and Welding Operators - QW-301.3 Each qualified welder and welding operator is assigned an identifying number, letter, or symbol by the manufacturer or contractor, which shall be used to identify the work of that welder or welding operator.

R ecord of Tests- QW-301.4 The record of Welder/Welding Operator Performance Qualification (WPQ) tests must include: 1. the essential variables (QW-350 or QW-360) 2. the type of test and test results, and 3. the ranges qualified in accordance with QW-452 for each welder and welding operator. Suggested forms for these records are given in Forms QW-484NQW-484B (see Nonmandatory Appendix B). Practice Problem 048: QW-300.2 Welder Performance Qualification What is the purpose of the welder performance qualification?

a) To ensure that the owner has determined that the engineering department using his procedures are capable of developing the minimum requirements specified for an acceptable weldment. b) To ensure that the PQR supports the WPS. c) To ensure all of the requirements in ASME Section IX are met. d) To ensure that the manufacturer has determined that his welders using his procedures are capable of developing the minimum requirements specified for an acceptable weldment. e) To qualify the welder and WPS simultaneously.

Practice Problem 049: QW-301 Intent of Tests What is the intent of the performance qualification tests?

a) b) c) d) e)

to determine the ability of the WPS t o make sound welds to determine the ability of welders and welding operators to make sound welds to determine the ability of the PQR to make sound welds to determine the ability of WPS/PQR to make sound welds to ensure radiographic quality welds

© Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 80

'J

'•

Practice Problem 050: QW-301 Record of Tests

What shall the record ofWPQ tests include? a) all nonessential and essential variables b) all nonessential, essential variables, and supplementary essential variables when r equired c) all essential variables d) all nonessential, essential variables, and other welding parameters deemed necessary by the inspector e) all nonessential, essential variables, and other welding parameters deemed necessary by th e owner

Type of Test Required - QW-302 Summary of P erformance Qualification - QW-302 Performance qualification can be done in 3 ways: 1. Qualify by bend tests from a welded test coupon. See QW-452.1(a) for the number and type of t ests. 2. Qualify by volumet ric examinat ion using RT or UT of a welded t est coupon of at least 6 in. See QW-302.2 and QW-304.1. 3. Qualify by volumetric examination using RT or UT on the first production weld of at least 6 in. See QW-304.1. R etest M t er Failing Performance Qualification Test The general rule for failing a performance qualification test is to retest by making twice the number of tests done in t he initial qu alification. Mech a nical Test s- QW-302.1 The type and number of test specimens required for mechanical testing are done in accordance with QW-452 tables. Sp ecimen Removal QW-302.1 requires that groove weld test specimens must be removed in a manner as shown in QW-463.2 and Figure 1.2 (a), with an example shown in Figure 1.2 (b).

@

Codes and Standards Training Inst itute (CAST!) NntPhnok Pl'lnP. R1

(b)

Figures 1.2 (a) and (b) Performance qualification test coupons.

The as-welded test coupon has been marked to remove one face and one root bend. The run off tabs, the start, the finish, and the area in the middle are marked as areas to be discarded. Figure 1.2(b) shows an actual plate welded performance qualification test coupon. Note the discard on both ends, and the discard material in the center of the test coupon. The actual test coupon could have been shortened by the amount of the discard in the middle of the plate. The face and root bend specimens have been pre-marked. The welders' identification and the WPQ test identification should also be pre-marked. These premarkings should be placed out of harm's way, such as the edge of the specimen. The pre-marking may help to identify the root from the face bend after grinding the reinforcement, and may assure that test specimens are identified to the proper welder.

Volumetric NDE- QW-302.2 When the welder or welding operator is qualified by volumetric NDE, the minimum length of coupon(s) to be examined must be 6 in. (150 mm) and must include the entire weld circumference for pipe(s), except that for small diameter pipe, mul tiple coupons may be required, but the number does need have to exceed four (4) consecutively made test coupons. The limits of qualified positions and diameters are listed in QW-461.9. Practice Problem 051: QW-302 Type of Test Required

When a welding operator is qualified by volumetric NDE, what is the minimum length of the coupon to be examined? a)

b) c) d)

e)

4 in. 6 in. 8 in. 12 in. as required in the WPS

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI)

• .~~nO~

Notebook Page 82

..j

1-('jf 1

~-l..

'vv

Retests The following rules apply when a welder has failed a test for qualification as a new welder under QW-301 or for the renewal of existing welder qualifications under QW-322. When a welder is qualified u sing mechanical testing, the qualification t est coupon must first pass a visual examination. If th e visual examination fails, the welder may pe1form immediate retests in accordance with QW-321.1 (two tests, etc.). When a welders test coupon passes the visual examination, the welders test coupon may then be mechanically tested. If the mechanical test fails, the welder may perform immediate retests in accordance with QW-321.2 (two tests, et c.). Imme diate R etest Using Visual Examination- QW-321.1 When the WPQ test coupon fails the visual examination, retesting shall be by visual examination before conducting t he mechanical testing, see QW-302.4. When an immediate retest is done, two consecutive tests for each test failed must pass visual examination requirements, see QW-321.1. If the two consecutive visual examinations are acceptable, the Code user must then select one of the successful test coupons for conducting the mechanical testing. Immediate Retest Using Mechanical Testing- QW-321.2 When the WPQ test coupon has passed the visual examination of QW-302.4, the WPQ may then be tested by mechanical testing. When the qualification coupon fails the mechanical testing, retesting must be by mechanical testing. An immediate mechanical retest requires two consecutive tests for each position failed, and both retests must pass the mechanical testing. Immediate Retest Using Volumetric NDE- QW-321.3 When the WPQ test coupon fails the volumetric NDE, retesting must be by the same examination method in accordance with QW-321.3. An immediate retest requires two (2) consecutive test coupons for each coupon failed. Both retest coupons must pass the examination. Plates require two (2) consecutive plate retests, each 6 inch (150 mm) minimum length. Pipe requires two (2) consecutive pipe retests using QW-302.2 rules. When the WPQ test is conducted on 6 inches (150 mm) of the first production weld, allowed as an alternative to QW-304.1, the welder may be retested by examining an additional12 inches (300 rom) of the same production weld. If the 12 inch (300 mm) length of weld passes the test, the welder is qualified and may repair the failed 6 inch (150 mm) section. If the 12 inch (300 mm) length of weld fails, the welder is not qualified. All welds represented by both the 6 inch (150 rom) and 12 inch (300 mm) length s must be examined and repaired by a qualified welder. It might be less expensive to remove all welds made by this welder and have them re-welded by a qualified welder.

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) NniPhnnk P-'l11P R::\

Practice Problem 052: WPQ Expiration

Welders and welding operators whose qualification coupon has failed the volumetric NDE may take a retest consisting of what number and length of pipe? a) b) c) d) e)

2 pipes for a total of 12 in. (300 mm) 1 pipe for a total of 12 in. (300 mm) 2 pipes for a total of 6 in. (150 mm) 1 pipe for a total of 6 in. (150 mm) none of the above

@Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 84

Expiration and Renewal of Qualification- QW-322 Expiration of Qualification - QW·322.1(a) When a welder has not welded with a process during a period of 6 months or more, the welder's qualifications for that process shall expire. Qualifications are maintained if within the six month period, prior to expiration of qualification, 1.

a welder has welded using a manual or semiautoma tic welding process which will maintain qualifications for manual and semiautomatic welding with that process.

N ote: QW-322.1(a) is subdivided into QW-322.1(a)(1) for welders and (a)(2) for welding operators. This split is intended to point out that Code users must maintain the continuity of welders and welding operators separately. 2. a welding operator has welded with a machine or aut omatic welding process which will maintain his qualification for machine and automatic welding with that pr ocess. Note: QW-322.2(a) Renewal of Qualification, is stated only once, with the expression, in th e second sentence, "renews th e welders or welding operator's ... " This reference is intended to highlight that the Code User must maintain the continuity of their welders and welding oper ators separately. R enewal of Expired Welders Performance Qua lificat ion - QW-322.2(a) Renewal of qualification expired under QW-322.1(a) a bove may be made for any process by welding a single test coupon of either plate or pipe, of any material, t hickness, or diameter, in a ny position and by testing of that coupon as r equired by QW-301 and QW-302. A successful test renews the welder or welding operator's previous qualifications for that pr ocess and for t hose materials, thicknesses, diamet ers, positions, and other variables for which previously qualified. Providing the conditions of QW-304 and QW-305 are satisfied, renewal of qualification under QW-322.1(a) may be done on production work. Note: Remember, this is 'renewal' of qualification and therefore can be done by the original, qualifying Code user only. There are many reasons why a welder may not have welded with a process in 6 months, e.g., they may have been sick, or laid off due to production demands. The welder may have been promot ed to a supervisory position or may be qualified for several process, but has a special process which is used only once in two or th ree years. Whatever the reason, when a welder has not used a process for six months or more, all qualifications with that pr ocess can be renewed by successfully qualifying on a single WPQ renewal test coupon as shown in Example 12.1.1 in T able 12.1

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST!) NniPhnnk

P~nP A~

Practice Problem Q53: QW-322 Expiration of Qualification

When does a welder's ASME Sec. IX qualification expire? a) b) c) d) e)

When the welder has not welded with a process during a When the welder has not welded with a process during a When the welder has not welded with a process during a When the welder has not welded with a process during a When the welder has not welded with a process during a

period of 6 months or more. period of 12 months or more. period of 24 months or more. period of 30 months or more. period of 36 months or more.

Practice Problem Q54: QW-322 Renewal of Qualification

How many renewal tests must a welder or welding operator's perform when renewing previous ASME Sec. IX qualifications for a welding process for each material, thickness, diameter, position, and other variables for which they were previously qualified? a)

1

b) 2 c) 4 d) 6 e) 1 test for each set of essential variables

Welder Performance Qualification Cards in Alberta Unlike QW482 and QW-483 for suggested WPS and PQR forms, ASME Section IX does not included suggested forms for welder and welding operator qualification. In Alberta, the Alberta Boiler Safety Association (ABSA) provides suggested forms for WQR (AB-76A) and WOQR (AB-76B). ASME Section IX also does not contain rules for certifying a welder's or welding operator's qualification, nor who shall witness and perform the WPQ testing. The province of Alberta, through its Safety Code Act and the Pressure Welders Regulations, defines the rules for pressure welder certification, testing, and qualification, as follows.

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 86

Province of Alberta - Safety Code Act: Pressure Welders Regulations 6 Performance Qua lification Cards A perform ance qualification card must show all information required by the Administrator (i.e., ABSA), including but not limited to: (a) the name of the person to whom it is issued, (b) the welding process that the holder of th e card is permitted to engage in, (c) the base material group and filler metal group the holder of the car d is permitted to weld, (d) t he thickness of the deposited weld metal the holder of the card is permitted to weld, (e) the positions and the minimum pipe diameter for which the holder of the card is qualified, (f) the date of the test, (g) the dat e that the card expires, (h) in the case of a performance qualification card issued by a testing organization a uthorized to do so by the Administrator on behalf of th e Administrator, the name of the testing organization, (i) the signature and number of the testing organization's examiner who conducted the performance qualification test, (j) the progression of the weld, (k) whether backing was used, and (l) whether backing gas was used. 8 Expiry Dates (1)

(2)

(3) (4) (5) (6)

Subject to this section, a certificate of compet ency including a performance qualification card issued pursuant to this Regulation remains valid unless it is suspended or cancelled. A Grade C Pressure Welder Certificate of Competency expires on the date stated on the certificate, which date must be no later than 24 months after the date the certificate is issued. (3), (3 .1) Repealed AR 7112010 s2. A Welding Examiner Certificate of Compet ency expires 3 years after the date it is issued. A performance qualification card expires on the date stated on the card. The expiry date of a performance qualification card must be no later than 24 months following the date it is issued.

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) NniPhnnk P.::tnP. R7

Example of Alberta Welder Performance Qualification Card A.O.Q.P. No.

CAST/

1234A

Testing Organization

WELDER PERFORMANCE QUALIFICATION CARD

Name

ABSA File No.

This card is issued pursuant to the Safety Codes Act and Pressure Welder's Regulations. The performance qualification is in accordance with ASME Section IX and subject to the limitations herein.

Date of Test

Signature of Welder

CARD NO.

Examiner (Print/Type)

PERFORMANCE QUALIFICATION

CARD NO.

0 0 01 0001

Process(es)

Materials (P-No.) - - - - - -

Max Deposited Weld Metal

Minimum Pipe Dia _ _ __ _ __

Filler Metal Group (F-No.) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Position(s) Qualified _ _ _ __ _ _

Backing - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Backing Gas _ _ __ _

Progression

P.O. Expiry Date

Weld Examiner Signature

Certification No.

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 88

Practice Problem Q55: Alberta Performance Qualification Cards

Which of the following is not required to be included on an Alberta welder's performance qualification card? 1. welding process 2. base material range (not group) 3. filler metal group

4. progression ofweld 5. WPS registration number 6. WPS/PQR numbers

1, 4, 6 b) 2, 4, 6 c) 2,5,6 d) 3,4,6 e) 4,5,6 a)

'

Practice Problem Q56: Alberta Performance Qualification Cards

When does a welder's performance qualification expire according to the Alberta Pressure Welders Regulation? when the welder has not welded with a process during a period of 6 months or more on the date stated on the card must be no later than 24 months following the date it is issued provided the welder welds with a process during a period of 6 months, their qualification does not expire e) on the date stated on the card, but must be no later than 24 month s following the date it is issued a) b) c) d)

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Paae 89

Welder and Welding Operator Performance Qualifications Variables Welding Variables For Welder s - QW-350 General- QW-351 A welder must be requalified whenever a change is made in one or more of the essential variables listed for each welding process in the QW-350 tables. Note: Table QW-416 is a summary of all the QW-350 tables and is very useful. Note: unlike WPS, there are only essential variables for WPQ (i.e., nonessential and supplementary essential variables are not a part ofWPQ). The limits of WPQ weld metal thickness (t) are dependent upon the thickness of the weld metal deposited with each welding process, exclusive of any weld reinforcement, in accordance with QW-452. Welders are not permitted to deposit a thickness greater than the limit qualified in accordance with QW-452 for each welding process during any production weldment. When a combination of welding processes is required in a qualified WPS, each welder must be qualified for the particular welding process or processes they will use in production welding. A welder may be qualified by making tests with each individual welding process, or with a combination of welding processes in a single test coupon. Using QW-350 Tables The following example explains how to read Article IV essential variable paragraphs when using the QW-350 WPQ variables tables. Example 057: Using QW-350/QW-416 Tables and Article IV Variables

QW-402.4 states: "The deletion of the backing in single welded groove welds." By itself, this paragraph does not define what type of welder qualification variable it is or how to apply this variable, since it depends on whether this paragraph is being referenced for welding procedure qualification or welder/welding operator performance qualification for the welding process being used. For a WPQ qualification using SMAW, QW-353 identifies the deletion of backing as an essential variable, as described in QW-402.4, and should now be read as follows: "The deletion of backing in single welded groove welds is an essential variable for WPQ when using the SMAW process."

©Co des and Standards Training Institute (CAST!) Notebook Page 90

Note: QW-402.4 also stipulates that double-welded groove welds are considered welding with backing. Example 058: QW-353 SMA W WPQ Variable - F-No.

For SMAW, what type ofWPQ variable is a change from F-No. 3 without backing to F-No. 4 without backing? QW- 353

SHIELDED METAL-ARC WELDING (SMAW) ~senti al Variabl§ ) Paragraph

Brief of Variables

QW-402 Joints QW-403 Base Metals QW-404 Filler Metals QW-405 Positions

.4

- Backing

.16

nP 111

QW-482 SUGGESTED FORMAT FOR WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (WPS) (See QW-200.1, Section IX, ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code)

Company N ame: Com~an:tlnc. Welding Procedure Spec. No .: AS-2 W P S Revision No.: Rev. 0 Welding Process(s): SMAW

B y: Pea Green Date: 09-10-13 Supporting PQR No. (s) : AS-2 Rev. O Rev. Date: 09-10-13 Type(s): Manual (Automatic, Manual, Machine, or Semi-Auto)

Joint Design

JOINTS (QW-402) Joint Design: Backing: (Yes) X (No) X Backing Material: (Type): SA-516 - Gr. 55 (Refer to both backing & retainers)

..X.. Metal

S i ngl e .. V ..

may b e u sed w it h b a c k i ng or ope n r o ot

~

I

_

Nonfusing Metal Nonmetallic - Other No nonmetallic retainers permitted .

-

I

/

B a c Kin g

I

I

Root spacing for ope n root: 3/3: ~ in. (6 mm)

X

0

Classification Position

X

X

Pootion

.2

t/J Preheat maint.

tt

X

Vertical welding

Decrease > 1oo•F (55. C)

1ncrease

> 1oo·F ( ss•c)

X X

(1P)

X

X

PWHT

.4

"' "'

.1

> Heat input

.4

X

t

.1

.2

X

Oassifi cation

"' "'

.1

X

PWHT (T & T range)

X

TLimits

X X

Current or polarity

X

.1

"' "'t/>

String/weave

X

.5

t/> Method cleaning

X

.6

t/> Method back gouge

.8

.9 .25

"'t/J

.26

±

.64 Legend: + Addition - Deletion

X

Diameter

.3

QW-410 Technique

X

t/J P-No. quali fia:l

.3

QW-409 Electrical Characteristics

X

.11

.1

QW-407 PWHT

X

X

t Pass > }2 in. (13 mm)

.9

.33

QW-406 Preheat

Backing

.10

.30

QW-405 Positions

Increase/greater than < Decrease/less than

X

X

Manual or automatic

t !

Uphill Downhill

~ Forehand -+

¢>Change

Backhand

For SMAW WPS, a change in the electrode classification within an SFA specification (no notch toughness testing) is a nonessential variable.

@Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST!) Notebook Paqe 155

Practice Problem 059: QW-354 Pipe Diameter Qualified

[SOLUTION]

What type of WPQ variable is a change in pipe diameter beyond the range qualified for SAW? QW-354 SEMIAUTOMATIC SUBM ~ Rr.l=n-ARC WELDING (SAW) C[ssential Variabl~ Paragraph

Brief of Variables

QW-403 Base Metals

.16

1!.

.18

P- Number

QW-404 Fil ler Metals

.15

¢> F- Number

.30

t Weld deposi t

.1

+ Position

QW-405 Positions

PiE!e diameter

A change in pipe diameter beyond the range qualified for SAW is an essential variable.

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI)

Notebook Page 156

Practice Problem 061: QW-350 Tables and QW-416 Welder Performance Qualification [SOLUTION]

What type of variable is a change in F-No. for welder performance qualification when using SAW and GTAW? From ASME Section IX, Table QW-416: QW-416

WELDING VARIABLES Welder Performance (Essential

Paragraph 1 QW-402 Joints

Brief of Variables

.4

-

.7

+ Backing

QW-403 Base Metal

QW-404 Filler Metals

.16

¢> Pipe diameter

.18

¢> P-N umber

.14

±

.15

¢> F-Number

.22

±

.23

t Solid or metal-cored to

Filler

SMAW QW-353

SAW QW-354

X

Backing

Maximum qualified

.2

OFW QW-352

GMAW 2 QW-355

GTAW QW-356

X

X

PAW QW-357

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X X

a:::>

X

Inserts

a:::>

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

flux-cored

.30

¢>

t Weld deposit

.31

¢>

t Weld deposit

QW-408 Gas

QW-409 Electrical

.1

+ Position

.3

¢>

.7

¢> Type fuel gas

.8

-

.2

¢> Transfer mode

.4

¢> Current or polarity

Welding Processes: OFW SMAW SAW GMAW GTAW PAW

X

X

X

t Limit (s. cir. arc)

.32

QW-405 Positions

X

X X

t . ). Vert. welding

X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Inert backing

X X

Oxyfuel gas welding Shielded metal-arc welding Submerged-arc welding Gas metal-arc weld ing Gas tu ngsten-arc welding Plasma-arc welding

Legend:

¢> Change

+ Addition -

Deletion

t

Thickness Uphill ..). Downhill

t

NOTES: (1) For description, see Section IV. (2) Flux-cored arc welding as shown in QW-355, with or w ithout additional shielding from an externally supplied gas or gas mixture, is included.

A change ofF-No. is an essential variable when using SAW and GTAW.

@ Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST!)

Notebook Paoe 157

Practice Problem 062: QW-350 Tables and QW-416 Welder Performance Qualification [SOLUTION]

What type of variable is a change from downward to upward in the progression specified for a vertical weld pass for welder performance qualification when using SAW? From ASME Section IX, Table QW-416: QW-416

WELDING VARIABLES Welder Performance Essential

Paragraph 1 QW-402 Joi nts

Brief of Variables

.4

-

.7

+ Backing

QW-404 Filler Metals

.16

¢> Pipe diameter

.18

¢> P-Number

.1 4

±

.1 5

¢> F-Number

.22

±

.23

t Solid or metal-cored to

Filler

SMAW QW-353

SAW QW-354

X

Backing

Maximum qualified

.2 QW-403 Base Metal

OFW QW-3S2

GMAW 2 QW-355

GTAW QW-356

X

X

PAW QW-357

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X X

X

X

Inserts

X

X X

X

X

X

X

flux-cored .30

¢> t Weld deposit

.31

¢> t Weld deposit

QW-408 Gas

QW-409 Electrical

.1

+ Posit ion

.3

¢> i .J.. Vert. welding

.7

¢> Type fuel gas

.8

-

.2

¢> Transfer mode

.4

¢> Current or polarity

Welding Processes: OFW SMAW SAW GMAW GTAW PAW

X

Inert backing

X

X

X

X

X

X

t Limit (s. cir. arc)

.32

QW-405 Pos itions

X

X X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Oxyfuel gas weldi ng Shielded metal-arc weld ing Submerged-a rc welding Gas metal-arc welding Gas tungsten-arc welding Plasma-arc welding

Legend:

¢ Change + Addition -

Deletion

t

Thickness Uphill .J.. Downhill

i

NOTE$: (1) For description, see Section IV. (2) Flux-cored arc welding as shown in QW-355, with or without additional shielding from an externally supplied gas or gas mixture, is included.

A change from downward to upward progression specified for a vertical weld pass for welder pe1formance qualification using SAW is not listed in ASME Section IX.

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 158

For a SMAW PQR groove weld pipe test coupon 5/8 in. thickness, P-No. 1 to P-No. 1 base metal, in the 6G position, with a single pass and 250°F preheat and a 1100°F PWHT, what is the maximum WPS thickness of base metal that can be qualified? (Round to 0.001 in.) QW-451.1 GROOVE-WELD TENSION TESTS AND TRANSVERSE-BEND TESTS Range of Thickness T of Base Metal, Qualified, in. Cmml

~nd(2)]

Thickness T of Test Coupon, Welded, in. (mm) Less than

l,s.o to 18 Over

l,s. 0 (1. 5)

T

l,s.6

(1.5 to 10), incl.

18 ~ Q)

Q)

()UJnP /R1

SA-333/SA-333M

20lla SECTION II, PART A

4.2 Heat Treatment: 4.2.1 All seamless and welded pipe, other than Grades 8 and ll, shall be treated to control their microstructure in accordance with one of the following methods:

11 pipe is annealed, it shall be normalized in the range of 1400 to 1600°F [760 to 870°C]. 4.2.4 Material from which test specimens are obtained shall be in the same condition of heat treatment as the pipe furn ished. Material from which specimens are to be taken shall be heat treated prior to preparation of the specimens.

4.2.1.1 Normalize by heating to a uniform temperature of not less than 1500°F [815°C] and cool in air or in the cooling chamber of an atmosphere controlled furnace.

4.2.5 When specified in the order the test specimens shall be taken from full thickness test pieces which have been stress relieved after having been removed from the heat-treated pipe. T he test pieces shall be gradually and uniforn1ly heated to the prescribed temperature, held at that temperature for a period of time in accordance with Table 2, and then furnace cooled at a temperature not exceeding 600°F (3!5°C]. Grade 8 shall be cooled at a minimum rate of 300°F [l65°C]/ h in air or water to a temperature not exceeding 600°F [315°C].

4.2.1.2 Normalize as in 4.2.1.1, and, at the discretion of the manufacturer, reheat to a suitable tempering temperature. 4.2.1.3 For the seamless process only, reheat and control hot worki ng and the temperature of the hot-finishing operation to a finishi ng temperature range from 1550 to 1750°F [845 to 945°C] and cool in air or in a controlled atmosphere furnace from an initial temperature of not less than 1550°F [845°C]. 4.2.1.4 Treat as in 4.2.1.3 and, at the discretion of the manufacturer, reheat to a suitable tempering temperature.

5.

5.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table l.

4.2.1.5 Seamless pipe of Grades I, 6, and I0 may be heat treated by heating to a uniform temperature of not less than 1500°F (8!5°C], followed by quenching in I iquid and reheating to a suitable tempering temperature, in place of any of the other heat treatments provided for in 4.2.1.

5.2 When Grades I, 6, or I0 are ordered under this specification, supplying an alloy grade that specifically requires the addition of any element other than those listed for the ordered grade in Table I is not permitted. However, the addition of elements required for the deoxidation of the steel is permitted.

4.2.2 Grade 8 pipe shall be heat treated by the manufacturer by either of the following methods: 4.2.2.1 Quenched and Tempered - Heat to a uniform temperature of 1475 ± 25°F [800 ± I5°C]; ho ld at this temperature for a minimum time in the ratio of I h/in. [2 min/mm] of thickness, but in no case less than 15 min; quench by immersion in circulating water. Reheat until the pipe attains a uniform temperature within the range from 1050 to 1125°F (565 to 605°C]; hold at this temperature for a minimum time in the ratio of I hlin. [2 min/mm] of thickness, but in no case less than 15 min; cool in air or water quench at a rate no less than 300°F [165°C]/h.

6.

Product Analysis 6.1 At the request of the purchaser, an analysis of one billet or two samples of flat-rolled stock from each heat or of two pipes from each lot shall be made by the manufacturer. A lot of pipe shall consist of the following:

4.2.2.2 Double Normalized and Tempered - Heat to a uniform temperature of 1650 ± 25°F [900 ± l 5°C]; hold at this temperature for a minimum time in the ratio of I h/in. [2 min/rom] of thickness, but in no case less than 15 min; cool in air. Reheat until the pipe attains a uniform temperature of 1450 ± 25°F (790 ± l5°C]; hold at this temperature for a minimum time in the ratio of I h/in. [2 min/mm] of thickness, but in no case less than 15 min; cool in air. Reheat to a uniform temperature within the range from 1050 to ll25oF [565 to 605°C]; hold at this temperature for a minimum time of I h/in. [2 min/ mm] of thickness but in no case less than 15 min; cool in air or water quench at a rate not less than 300°F [ 165°C]/h.

NPS Designator

Length of Pipe in Lot

Under 2 2to 6 Over 6

400 or fraction thereof 200 or fraction thereof I 00 or fraction thereof

6.2 The results of these analyses shall be reported to the purchaser or the purchaser's representative and shall conform to the requirements specified. 6.3 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in 6.1 does not conform to the requirements specified, an analysis of each billet or pipe from the same heat or lot may be made, and all billets or pipe conforming to the requirements shall be accepted.

7.

4.2.3 Whether to anneal Grade 11 pipe is per agreement between purchaser and supplier. When Grade

Tensile Requirements 7.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as

to tensile properties prescribed in Table 3. 520

Notebook Page 282

Chemical Composition

2011a SECfiON II, PART A

8.

Impact Requirements

is not required but may be necessary to ensure compliance with 10.2.

8.1 For Grades I. 3. 4. 6. 7, 9, and 10, the notchedbar impact properties of each set of three impact specimens. including specimens for the welded joint in welded pipe with wall thicknesses of 0.120 in. [3 mmJ and larger, when tested at temperatures in conformance with 14. 1 shall be not less than the values prescribed in Table 4. The impact test is not required for Grade II .

10.2 Surface imperfections that penetrate more than 12~% of the nominal wall thickness or encroach on the

minimum wall thickness shall be considered defects. Pipe with such defects shall be given one of the following dispositions:

10.2.1 The defect may be removed by grinding provided that the remaining wall thickness is within specified limits.

8.1.1 If the impact value of one specimen is below the minimum value, or the impact values of two specimens are less than the minimum average value but not below the minimum value permitted on a single specimen, a retest shall be allowed. The retest shall consist of breaking three additional specimens and each specimen must equal or exceed the required average value. When an erratic result is caused by a defective specimen, or there is uncertainty in test procedures, a retest will be allowed.

10.2.2 Repaired in accordance with the repair welding provisions of 10.5. 10.2.3 The section of pipe containing the defect may be cut off within the limits of requirements on length. ll0.2.4 The defective pipe may be rejected. 10.3 To provide a workmanlike finish and basis for evaluating conformance with I 0.2, the pipe manufacturer shall remove by grinding the following:

8.2 For Grade 8 each of the notched bar impact specimens shall display a lateral expansion opposite the notch of not Jess than 0.0 15 in. [0.38 mm].

10.3.1 Mechanical marks, abrasions and pits, any of which imperfections are deeper than Yt 6 in. [ l.6 mm], and

8.2.1 When the average lateral expansion value for the three impact specimens equals or exceeds 0.015 in. [0 .38 mm] and the value for one specimen is below 0.015 in. [0.38 mm] but not below 0.0 10 in. [0.25 mm], a retest of three additional specimens may be made. The lateral expansion of each of the retest specimens must equal or exceed 0.015 in. [0.38 mm].

10.3.2 Visual imperfections commonly referred to as scabs, seams, laps, tears, or slivers found by exploration in accordance with I 0.1 to be deeper than 5% of the nominal wall thickness.

10.4 At the purchaser's discretion, pipe shall be subject to rejection if surface imperfections acceptable under I 0.2 are not scattered, but appear over a large area in excess of what is considered a workmanlike finish. Disposition of such pipe shall be a matter of agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

8.2.2 Lateral expansion values shall be determined by the procedure in Test Methods and Definitions A 370. 8.2.3 The values of absorbed energy in foot-pounds and the fracture appearance in percentage shear shall be recorded for information. A record of these values shall be retained for a period of at least 2 years.

9.

SA-333/SA-333M

10.5 When imperfections or defects are removed by grinding, a smooth curved surface shall be maintained, and the wall thickness shall not be decreased below that permitted by this specification. The outside diameter at the point of grinding may be reduced by the amount so removed.

Lengths 9.1 If definite lengths are not required, pipe may be

ordered in single random lengths of 16 to 22 ft (Note 3) with 5% 12 to 16ft (Note 3), or in double random lengths with a minimum average of 35 ft (Note 3) and a minimum length of 22 ft (Note 3) with 5% 16 to 22 ft (Note 3).

10.5.1 Wall thickness measurements shall be made with a mechanical caliper or with a properly calibrated nondestructive testing device of appropriate accuracy. In case of dispute, the measw·ement determined by use of the mechanical caliper shall govern.

NOTE 3 - This value(s) applies when the inch-pound designation of this specification is the basis of purchase. When the ..M.. designation of this specification is the basis of purchase. the corresponding metric value(s) shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.

10.6 Weld repair shall be permitted only subject to the approval of the purchaser and in accordance with Specification A 999/ A 999M. 10.7 The finished pipe shall be reasonably straight.

10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance 10.1 The pipe manufacturer shall explore a sufficient

11. General Requirements 11.1 Material furnished to this specification shall con-

number of visual surface imperfections to provide reasonable assurance that they have been properly evaluated with respect to depth. Exploration of all surface imperfections

form to the applicable requirements of the current edition 521

Notebook Paoe 283

20lla SECTION II, PART A

SA-333/SA-333M

TABLE 1 CH EMICAL REQUIREMENTS Composition, % Element

Grade 1 A

Grade 3

Grade 4

Grade 6A

Grade 7

Grade 8

Grade 9

Grade 10

Grade 11

Carbon, mal( Manganese Phosphorus, max Sulfur, max Sil icon Nickel Chromium Copper Aluminum Vanadium, max Columbium, max Molybdenum, max Cobalt

0.30 0.40-1.06 0.025 0.025

0.19 0.3 1-0.6 4 0.025 0.025 0.18- 0.37 3.18- 3.82

0.12 0.50-1.05 0.025 0.025 0.08-0.37 0.47-0.98 0.44- 1.01 0.40-0.75

0.30 0.29-1.06 0.025 0.025 0.10 min

0.19 0.90 max 0.025 0.025 0.13- 0.32 2.03-2.57

0.13 0.90 max 0.025 0.025 0.13- 0.32 8.40- -3

11

Elongation of Grade 11 is for all walls and small si zes tested in ful l section.

8 The foll owing table gives the calculated minimum values.

'Jl

;,...

~

0

[;; ;,...

0' 0 0

;:::

z

ro ,.,.

'U

C» 0

ro

N

00

C,11

.:.. ~

2011a SECTION II, PART A

SA-333/SA-333M

TABLE 4 IMPACT REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADES 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, AND 10 Minimum Average Notched Bar Impact Value of Each Set of Three SpecimensA

Size of Specimen, mm 10 10 10 10 10 10

Minimum Notched Bar Impact Value of One Specimen Only of a SetA

ft-lbf

J

ft-lbf

J

13

18 14 12 9 7 5

10 8 7 5 3 3

14 11 9 7 4 4

by 10 by 7.5 by 6.67 by 5 by 3.33 by 2.5

10 9 7 5 4

Straight line interpolation for intermediate values is permi tted.

A

TABLE 5 IMPACT TEMPERATURE Minimum Impact Test Temperature Grade

OF

oc

1 3 4 6 7 8 9 10

-so - 150 -150 - 50 - 100 - 320 - 100 - 75

-45 - 100 - 100 -45 - 75 - 195 - 75 - 60

TABLE 6 IMPACl TEMPERATURE REDUCTION Specimen Width Along Notch or Actual Material Thicl

·-

"'

co co

--

MATERIAL TEST REPORT INSPECTION CERTIFICATE EN 10204 3.l.B

-

(C1O-C02-CO~) RECTANGULAR SP£CIMEN LONGITUDINAL TENSILE TEST AT ROOM TEMPERATURe (COO)

(BOB)

Test

fieaJ.

(CI2) T.S. 60000

(C13) Elon.g. 2"'

psi

psi

44684

6&622 68187

% 35

(Cil) thi~k:.

width

Y.S.

sect,

MIN.

42000

30

MAX.

mrn

mm

nun2

s.s - 114.89

O!F£065 02FE065 05FE065

331406 33 1406 331406

6.0 6.0

J17.33

19.8

OGFE06S

;}))406

19:7

5.9

116.88

19 7 19.4

43524 45264 42363

119.47

37

70653

.36

686,22

36

ROCKWELL C HARDNESS

.. .

>

::0 ....,

min.,

TP.310HCb

53104 1

0.04-0.10 2.00

0.045

0.030 1.00

24 .0-26.0

19.0-2 2.0

0.75

. ..

1.1 0 max. 10 X C min.,

.. . ... TP316 TP316L TP316 H

. ..

$31050 S31254 531272 531600 531&03 531609 531635

0.025 0.020 0.08-0.12 0.08 0.035° 0.04-0. 10 0.08

2.00 1.00 1.5-2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00

0.020 0.030 0.030 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045

O.Dl5 0.010 0.01 5 0.030 0.0.30 0.030 0.030

0.4 0.80 0.25- 0.75 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.75

24.0-26.0 19.5- 20.5 14.0-16.0 16.0-18.0 16.0- 18.0 16.0- 18.0 16.0-18.0

20.5-23.5 17.5- 18.5 14.0-16.0 11.0-14 .0£ 10.0- 14.0 11.0-14.0£ 10.0-12.0

1.6-2.6 6.0- 6.5 1.00- 1.40 2.00-3.00 2.00- 3.00 2.00- 3.00 2.00-3.00

1.]0 max.

...

...

. ..

. ..

. ..

. ..

0.30-0.60

. ..

...

...

. ..

. .. . ..

. ..

..

..

.. . 0.10

..

0.50-1.00

...

. .. . ..

... ..

0.004- 0.008

. .. ... 5 x! C+ N) . . .

... ...

... ...

.. . ... ...

. .. . .. . ..

.. ..

. .. . ..

. ..

. ..

...

.. . . ..

...

...

..

...

... . ..

min, 0.70 TP316N TP316LN TP317 TP317L

.. . TP321 T P321 H

531651 531653 $31700 531703 531725 S317 26 532100 532109

0.08 0.035 0.08 0.035 0.03 0.03 0.08 0.04- 0. 10

2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00

0.045 0.04 5 0.045 0.045 0.040F 0.040F 0.045 0.045

0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.0.30 0.030 0.030

1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1 .00 1.00 1.00 1.00

16.0-18 .0 1o.0-18.o 18.0-20.0 18.0-20.0 18.0-20.0 17.0- 20.0 17.0- 19.0 17.0-19.0

11.0- 14.0£ 11.0-14 .0£ 11.0- 14.0 11.0-15.0 13.5-17.5 14.5- 17.5 9.0-12.0 9.0-12.0

2.00-.3.00 2.00-3.00 3.0-4.0 3.0-4 .0 4.0-5.0 4.0- 5.0 ...

.. .

... . .. . ..

... G H

...

. .. . .. . .. .. ..

...

"'~

... ..

0.10-{).16 . . 0.10-{).16 ...

.. .

...

.. .

..

0.10 ... 0.10-0.20 ... 0.10

. ..

... . ..

. ..

...

0.75 0.75

. ..

.. .

... .. . .. .

. .. .. .

..

TA BLE 1 CHE MICAL REQUIRE MENTS (CONT1 D) Composition, % 8

Grade

... .. . .. . .. TP347 TP347 H TP 347LN TP348 TP348H

..

~

w

. .. TPXM-15

..

. .. . ..

UNS DesignationA Carbon $32615 532654 53.3228 534565 $34700 $34709 534751 $34800 $34809 535045 S35315 $38100 N083&7 N08904 N08926

Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur

0.07 2.00 0.020 2.o-4 .0 0.04-0.08 1.00 0.03 5.0- 7.0 0.08 2.00 0.04- 0.10 2.00 0.0050.020 2.00 0.08 2.00 0.04-0.1 0 2.00 O.Ob--0.10 1.50 0.04-0.08 2.00 0.08 2.00 0.030 2.00 0.020 2.00 0.020 2.00

S ilicon

Chromium

Nickel

0.045 0.030 0.020 0.030 0.045 0.04 5

0.030 0.005 0.0 15 0.010 0.030 0.030

4.8- 6.0 0.50 0.30 1.00 1.00 1.00

16. 5- 19.5 24.0-25.0 26.0-28.0 23.0-25.0 17.0-19.0 17.0-19.0

19.0-22.0 21.0-2.3.0 .31.0- 33.0 16.0-18.0 9.0-13.0 9.0- 13.0

0.045 0.045 0.045

0.030 0.030 0.030 0.01 5 0.0 30 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.010

1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.20-2.00 1.50- 2.50 1.00 1.00 0.50

17.0- 19.0 17.0- 19.0 17.0- 19.0 25.- 29.0 24 .0- 26.0 17.0-19.0 20.00-22.00 19.0- 23.0 24.0-26.0

9.0-1 3.0 9.0-1 3.0 9.0-1 3.0 32 .0- 37.0 34.0- 36.0 17.5-18.5 23 .5- 25.5 23 .0-28.0 19.0-21.0

. .. 0.040 0.030 0.040 0.040 0.030

Molybdenum Titanium Columbium 0.30-1.50 7.0- 8.0

.. 4.0-5.0

...

. ..

. ..

...

.. .. ..

. ..

. ..

0.45- 0.55 . . .

.. . ...

. .. . ..

...

.. . ..

.. .

Tanta lum, Nitrogenc Vanadium max.

. ..

0.&0-1.00 . . . 0.10 . .. I J

0. 20o.5oF • I J

. .. . ..

. ..

. ..

. .. 0.40-0.60 . . .

... ...

. ..

...

Copper

. ..

. .. . ..

.. .

0.06- 0.10 ..

0.10 0.10

.. ..

. .. . ..

..

..

.. . ...

0.1 2-0.18 . . .

.

. ..

..

0.18-0.25 .. . 0.10 . .. 0.15-0.25 ...

.. . . .. .. .

...

...

. ..

.. . .. .

b.00-7.00 4.Q-5.0 b.0- 7.0

...

...

. ..

. .. .. .

.. .. .

. .. . ..

0.15-D.OO . . .

. ..

Cerium

...

1.50-2.50 0 . .3o-0.60 . .. . .. 0.05-0.10

Boron

. ..

. .. 0.025

. ..

...

. .. . .. . ..

. ..

..

.. . . .. 0.15-0.60

.

..

.. . ... . .. .. .

. .. . ..

New designation establ ished in accordance w ith Practice E 527 and SA E J l086. 8 Maximum, unless otherwise indicated. c The method of analysis for nitrogen shall be a matter of agreement between the purc haser and manufactu rer. For small diameter or thin walls or both, where many drawing passes are required, a carbon maximum of 0.040% is necessary in grades TP304L and TP316 L. Small outside diameter tubes are defined as those less than 0.500 in. [1 2.7 mml in outside diameter and light wall tubes as those less than 0.049 in. n.20 mmJ in average wal l thickness (0.0 44 in. [ 1.10 mml in minimum wall th ickness). E For welded TP 316, TP316N, T P316LN, and TP3 16H pi pe, the nickel range shall be 10.0-1 4.0%. F For welded pipe, the phosphorus maximum shall be 0.045%. 6 The tit anium content shall be not less than five times the carbon content and not more than 0. 70%. H The titanium content shall be not less than four times the carbon content and not more than 0.60% . 1 The columbium content shall be not less than ten times the carbon content and not more than 1.00%. J The columbium content shall be not less than eight times the carbon content and not more than 1.0%. K Grade 534751 shall have a columbium 5% 20 and larger, welded, all tiD ratios 20 and larger, seamless, tiD up to 5% incl. 20 and larger, seamless, tiD> 5% where:

t = Nominal Wall Thickness D = Ordered Outside Diameter

494 Notebook Page 296

Over

Under

20.0 22.5 15.0 17.5 22.5 15.0

12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5

20lla SECfiON ll, PART A

SA· 312/SA·312M

TABLE 4 TENSILE REQUIREMENTS

Grade

TPXM·19 TPXM-10 T PXM-11 TPXM-29 TP304 TP304L TP304 H TP304N TP304 LN

TP3095 TP309H TP309Cb TP309HCb TP3105 TP310 H TP310Cb TP310 HCb

UNS Designation 5 20400 5 20910 521900 521904 524000 530400 530403 530409 530415 530451 5304 53 5306 00 530615 530815 5 30908 5309 09 530940 5 30941 531002 531008 531009 5 31040 531041 531050:

t S 0.25 in. t > 0.25 in.

Tensi le S t rength, Mi n. ksi CMPaJ

Yie ld Stre ngth, M in. ks i CM P aJ

95 [635) 100 (690] 90 [620] 90 [620) 100 [690] 75 [S I S) 70 [485) 75 [515] 8 7 [600] 80 (550] 75 [515] 78 [540) 90 [620 ] 87 (600] 75 [515) 75 [515) 75 [515 ] 75 [ 515] 73 [500) 75 [515] 75 [515] 75 [515) 75 [515)

48 [ 330) 55 ( 380 ) 50 [345) 50 [345 ] 55 [3801 30 [ 205] 25 [1 70) 30 [ 205] 42 [ 29 0] 35 (240) 30 [205] 35 [240] 40 [275] 45 [310] 30 [205) 30 [205] 30 [205] 30 [2 0 5) 30 [205) 30 [205 ] 30 [205] 30 [205] 30 [2051

84 [ S80J 78 [ 540)

39 [270] 37 [255]

98 [675) 95 [6 55] 65 [ 450) 75 [ 515) 70 (485] 75 (51 5] 75 [515] 80 [550) 75 (515] 75 [515] 75 [515) 75 [515] 80 [550]

45 (310 J 45 [310] 29 [200) 30 [205) 25 [ 170 ] 30 [205) 30 [ 205) 35 [24 0) 30 [ 20 5] 30 [ 205) 30 (205) 30 [ 205] 35 [ 24 0]

75 (515 ]

30 [205]

75 [515) 70 (485]

30 [205) 25 ( 170]

75 [515]

30 [2 05]

75 [515] 70 [480 ] 8 0 [550] 109 [750] 73 [ 500] 115 [79 5] 75 [ 515] 75 [ 51 5) 75 [ 515] 75 [ 515] 75 [ 515) 70 [48 5] 9 4 [6 50]

30 (20 5] 25 [ 170) 32 [220) 62 [430] 27 [ 185] 60 [415] 30 [20 5] 30 [20 5] 30 [205] 30 [20 5] 30 [205] 25 [170) 39 (270]

TABLE 4 TENSILE REQUIRE MENTS (CONT'O)

UNS Designation

Grade TPXM-15 t

T ens ile St rength, Min. ksi CM PaJ

Yie ld Strengt h, M in. ks i [MPaJ

75 [515]

30 [ 205]

10 0 [690] 95 [655] 71 [490] 94 (650]

45 [ 310] 45 [310) 31 [215] 43 [295]

Long itudinal

Transve rse

35 25 30

25

538100 N08367:

s 0.187

t > Q.187 N08904 N08926 Elongation in 2 in . or 50 mm (or 40), Min., %: All Grades except 531050 a nd 532615 532615, 5310 50 N08367

TABLE 5 PIPE AND FILLER METAL SPECIFICATION Pipe

Fil le r Metal

531254: t S 0.187 in. [5 .00 mml t > 0.187 in. [5.00 mmJ

TP316 TP316L TP316 H TP316N TP316 LN TP317 T P317l

T P321 Welded Seamless: s 318 in. > 'Is in. TP32 l H Welded Seamless: S 31}6 in. > 3/ 16 in.

TP347 TP347H TP347 LN TP348 TP348 H

5312 72 531600 53 1603 531609 531635 5 31651 531653 5317 00 5 317 03 5 31725 531726 532 100:

Grade TP 304 TP30 4L TP304N T P 304 LN T P304 H TP 309Cb TP 3095 TP31 0Cb T P 31 0 S T P316 TP 316 L TP 31 6N TP 3 16L N T P 316H T P321

532109:

532615 $32654 $33228 534565 S34 700 534709 534751 $34800 5348 09 535045 535315

T P347 T P 348 TPX M -19 T P XM -29

UNS Desig natio n

AW S A5.9 Class

530400 5 304 03 5 30451 S304 53 530409 530940 530908 S 310 4 0 5 31008 531272 531600 531603 5316 5 1 5 31653 5 31 609 5 32100

E R3 0 8 ER 308 L E R3 0 8 E R308 L E R308

530800, 5308831 530880 , S30883, 530880,

W30840 W3084 3 W30840 W30843 W30840

ER316 ER 316 L ER 316 ER316L E R3 1 6 H ER321 E R34 7 E R34 7 ER 347 E R209 ER24 0

531 680, 53168 3, 531680, 5 31683, 531 680, $3 2180, S34780, 534780, 534 780, 5 20980, 5 23980, N06625 520980, N06625

W31640 W31643 W 3 16 4 0 W 3 1643 W31640 W32 140 W 347 4 0 W347 4 0 W 3 4 7 40 W322 40 W 324 40

5 34 700 534 800 5 2 2 10 0 528300 N08367 520400 N08926

E R209

UNS Designation

W32 24 0

495

Notebook Paqe 297

SA-312/SA-3121\1

20lla SECTION II, PART A

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified in the purchase order. The purchaser may specify a different frequency of test or analysis than is provided in the supplementary requirement. Subject to agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer, retest and retreatment provisions of these supplementary requirements may also be modified.

Sl. Product Analysis Sl.l For all pipe NPS 5 and larger in nominal size there shall be one product analysis made of a representative sample from one piece for each ten lengths or fraction thereof from each heat of steel.

of injurious laminations, cracks, and similar objectionable defects. If this supplementary requirement is specified, the number of tests per pipe required shall also be specified. If a specimen from any length shows objectionable defects, the length shall be rejected, subject to removal of the defective end and subsequent retests indicating the remainder of the length to be sound and reasonably uniform material.

S1.2 For pipe smaller than NPS 5 there shall be one product analysis made from ten lengths per heat of steel or from I 0% of the number of lengths per heat of steel, whichever number is smaller.

S1.3 Individual lengths fai ling to conform to the chemical requirements specified in Section 7 shall be rejected.

SS. Radiographic Examination SS.l The entire length of weld in each double welded pipe shall be radiographically examined, using X-radiation, in accordance with Paragraph UW-51 of Section VIII Division 1 of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. In addition to the marking required by Section 13 each pipe shall be marked "R"r' after the specification and grade. Requirements of S5 shall be required in the certification.

82. Transverse Tension Tes ts 82.1 T here shall be one transverse tension test made from one end of I0% of the lengths furnished per heat of steel. This applies only to pipe NPS 8 and larger. S2.2 If a specimen from any length fails to conf01m to the tensile properties specified that length shall be rejected.

S6. Stabilizing Heat Treatment S6.1 Subsequent to the solution anneal required in 6.2, Grades TP309HCb, TP3lOHCb, TP321 , TP321H, TP347, TP347H, TP348, and TP348H shall be given a stabilization heat treatment at a temperature lower than that used for the initial solution annealing heat treatment. The temperature of stabilization heat treatment shall be at a temperature as agreed upon between the purchaser and vendor.

S3. Flattening Test S3.1 T he flattening test of Specification A 999/ A 999M shall be made on a specimen from one end or both ends of each pipe. Crop ends may be used. If this supplementary requirement is specified, the number of tests per pipe shall also be specified . If a specimen from any length fails because of lack of ductility prior to satisfactory completion of the first step of the flattening test requirement, that pipe shall be rejected subject to retreatment in accordance with Specification A 999/ A 999M and satisfactory retest. If a specimen from any length of pipe fai Is because of a lack of soundness that length shall be rejected, unless subsequent retesting indicates that the remaining length is sound.

S7. Intergranular Corrosion Test S7.1 When specified, material shall pass intergranular corrosion tests conducted by the manufacturer in accordance with Practices A 262, Practice E. NOTE S7 .I - Practice E requires testing on the sensitized condition for low carbon or stabilized grades, and on the as-shipped cond ition for other grades.

S4. Etching Tests S4.1 The steel shall be homogeneous as shown by etching tests conducted in accordance with the appropriate portions of Method E 38 1. Etching tests shall be made on a cross section from one end or both ends of each pipe and shall show sound and reasonably unifonn material free

S7.2 A stabilization heat treatment in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S6 may be necessary and is permitted in order to meet this requirement for the grades containing titanium or columbium, particularly in their H versions.

496 Notebook Page 298

CERTIFIED MA ERIAL TEST REPORT DATE

CUSTOMER CUST. P.O. NO. CUSTOMER REFERENCE NO. N/A MATERIAL TYPE, CONDITION & SPECIFICATION

December 14, 2010

PROJECTNO. _________________________

----------------------

P.O. ITEM NO. - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

ASTM A312-07/ASME SA312, TP316/316l

ASTM/ASME NSA376, TP316, cold drawn, annealed and pickled, 10 inch NPS Sch. 105 (.165) seamless pipe

,.,•...

Dimensional

Serial No.

Heat No.

Work Order No.

~

Chemistry

c 0.018

Mn 0.99

s

p 0.036

0.002

Si 0.61

Cr 16.78

Ni 12.49

Length 19'9%"

Mo 2.06

Mechanical ProQerties Yield Str. (PSI) 30,200

Ult. Str. (PSI) 75,200

% Elongation 55.6 SQecial Notes

Heat Treatment per ASTM A312 -1925°F for 30 min. and rapidly cooled. Flattening per ASTM A999 - acceptable Hydrostatic per ASTM A999 @ 450 psig - acceptable Corrosion Test per ASTM A262 Practice E- acceptable Inspection certification in accordance with EN 10204 3.1

Made in U.S.A.

Pipe has been positively material identified (PMI) with a coupon cut from each finished length. This coupon was used to develop final chemistry and mechanical properties. This is to certify that the material listed herein has been inspected and tested in accordance with the listed specifications and has met all requirements.

Quality Assurance Representative

Notebook Paqe 299

Notebook Page 300

20lla SECTION U, PART A

SA·516/SA-516M

SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSEL PLATES, CARBON STEEL, FOR MODERATE- AND LOWERTEMPERATURE SERVICE SA-516/SA-516M

.

2011a SECTION II, P ART C

SFA-5.1/SFA-S.l M

Annex A Guide to AWS Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding (This Annex is not a pan of AWS A5.1/A5.1 M:2004. Specificarion.fln· Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Mew/ Arc Welding, but is included for information purposes only.)

Al. Introduction

A2.1 The system for identifying the electrode classifications in this specification follows the standard pattern used in other AWS filler metal specifications. The prefix letter "E" at the beginning of each classification designation stands for electrode. The first two digits, 60 [43], for example, designate tensile strength of at least 60 ksi [430 MPa] of the weld metal, produced in accordance with the test assembly preparation section of the specification. In this document, the classification in U.S. Customary Units is followed by the SI Unit classification in brackets. The third digit designates position usability that will allow satisfactory welds lo be produced with the electrode. Thus, the "1 ," as in E6010 [E4310], means that the electrode is usable in all positions (flat, horizontal, vertical, and overhead). The "2," as in E6020 [E4320] designates that the electrode is suitable for use in the flat position and for making fillet welds in the horizontal position. The "4," as in E7048 [E4948], designates that the electrode is suitable for use in vertical welding with downward progression and for other positions (see Table l). The last two digits taken together designate the type of current with which the electrode can be used and the type of covering on the electrode, as listed in Table l.

the purchaser. A "-1" designator following classification identifies an electrode which meets optional supplemental impact requirements at a lower temperature than required for the classification [see Note (2) to Table 3]. An example of this is the E7024- l [E4924-l] electrode which meets the classification requirements of E7024 [E4924] and also meets the optional supplemental requirements for toughness and improved elongation of the weld metal [see Note (2) to Table 2]. Certain low-hydrogen electrodes also may have optional designators. An optional supplemental designator "HZ" following the four digit classification designators or following the "-1" optional supplemental designator, if used, indicates an average diffusible hydrogen content of not more than "Z" mL/1 OOg of deposited metal when tested in the "as-received" or conditioned state in accordance with AWS A4.3, Standard Methods for Determination of the Diffusible Hydrogen Content of Martensitic. Bainitic, and Ferritic Steel Weld Metal Produced by Arc Welding. Electrodes that are designated as meeting the lower or lowest hydrogen limits, as specified in Table II, are also understood to be able to meet any higher hydrogen limits even though these are not necessarily designated along with the electrode classification. T herefore, as an example, an electrode designated as "H4" also meets "H8" and "H 16" requirements without being designated as such. See Section 18, Diffusible Hydrogen Test, and Table 11. A letter "R" is a designator used with the low-hydrogen electrode classifications. It is used to identify electrodes that have been exposed to a humid environment for a given length of time and tested for moisture absorption in addition to the standard moisture test required for classification of low-hydrogen electrodes (see Section 17, Absorbed Moisture Test, and Table I 0).

A2.2 Optional designators are also used in this specification in order to identify electrodes that have met the mandatory classification requirements and certain supplementary requirements as agreed to between the supplier and

A2.3 Table A2 shows the classification for similar electrodes from Canadian Standards Association standard W48-0l, Filler Metals and Allied Materials for Metal Arc Welding.

The purpose of this guide is to correlate the electrode classifications with their intended applications so the specification can be used effectively. Appropriate base metal specifications are referred to whenever that can be done and when it would be most helpful. Such references are intended only as examples rather than complete listings of the base metals for which each electrode classification is suitable.

A2. Classification System

49 Notebook Page 350

(

Convril!ht

© 201 1 hv the American Socierv of Mechanica l F.nl!i neer.~ .

20lla SECTION II, PART C

SF A-5.1/SFA-S.IM

TAB LE Al COMPARISON OF EQU IVALENT CLASSIFICATIONS

A2.4 Request fo r Filler M etal Classification

A2.4.1 When a welding electrode cannot be classi-

ISO

fied according to some classification given in this specification, the manufacturer may request that a classification be established for that welding electrode. The manufacturer may do this by followi ng the procedure given in A2.4.3, below.

A E35xC21 E35xCll E35xR12 E35xR12

A2.4.2 A request to establish a new electrode classification must be a written request, and it needs to provide sufficient detail to permit the Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials, or the Subcommittee, to determine whether a new classification or the modification of an existing classification is more appropriate, and whether either is necessary to satisfy the need.

E35xRA12 E35x A13 E35xA33 E35xRA54 E38xR32 E38xB22 E38xB12

A2.4.3 In particular, the request needs to include: (a) all classification requirements as given for existing

E38xB32

c lassi fi cations, such as, chemical composi tion ranges, mechanical property requirements, and usability test req uirements (b) any testing conditi.ons for conducting the tests used to demonstrate that the product meets the classification requirements. (It would be sufficient, for example, to state that the welding conditions are the same as for the other classifications .) (c) information on Descriptions and Intended Use, which parallels that for existing classifications, for that section of the Annex. (d)

USA AWS

2560(1)

E38xRR4 E38xRR4 E38xRA54 E38xB53 E38xB35

B E4310 E4311 E4312 E4313 E4318 E4319 E4320 E4327 E4914 E4915 E4916 E49 16·1 E4918 E4918·1 E4924 E4924-1 E4927 E4928 E4948

AS.l

AS.l M

E6010 E6011 E6012 E6013 E6018 E6019 E6020 E6022 E6027 E7014 E7015 E7016 E7016· 1 E7018 E7018·1 E7018M E7024 E7024-1 E7027 E7028 E7048

E4310 E431l E431 2 E431 3 E4318 E4319 E4320 E4322 E4327 E4914 E4915 E4916 E4916·1 E4918 E4918·1 E4918M E4924 E4924-l E4927 E4928 E4948

GENERAL NOTE: The requirements for the equivalent classificat ions are not necessarily identical in every respect. NOTE: (1) I SO 2560, Welding Consumables-Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels- Classification.

proposed ASME ..F" number, if appropriate.

A request for a new classification without the above information will be considered incomplete. The Secretary will return the request to the requestor for further information.

the Chair of the Committee on Filter Metals and Allied Materials, for action. A2.4.6 The Secretary shall include a cop y of the log of all requests pending and those completed during the preceding year with the agenda for each Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials meeting. Any other publication of requests that have been completed will be at the option of the American Welding Society, as deemed appropriate.

A2.4.4 The request should be sent to the Secretary of the Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials at A WS Headquarters. Upon receipt of the request, the Secretary will: (a) assign an identifying number to the request. The number shall include the date the request was received. (b) confirm receipt of the request, and give the identifi cation number to the person making the request. (c) send a copy of the request to the Chair of the Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials, and the Chair of the particular Subcommittee involved. (d) file the original request. (e) add the request to the log of outstanding requests.

A2.5 An international system for designating welding filler metals developed by the International Institute of Welding (IIW) is being adopted in many ISO specifications. Table A 1 shows those used in ISO 2560 for comparison with the c lass ific ations in this s pecification . To understand the proposed international designation system, one is referred to Table 1 and the Annex of A WS document, IFS: 2002, entitled Inte rnational Index of Welding Filler Metal Classifications. National specifications from many industrial countries having comparable filler metals are also found in Table 1 of IFS:2002.

A2.4.5 All necessary action on each request shall be completed as soon as possible. If more than 12 months elapse, the Secretary shall inform the requestor of the status of the request, with copies to the Chairs of the Committee and Subcommittee. Requests still outstanding after 18 months shall be considered not to have been answered in a timely manner and the Secretary shall report these to

A3. Acceptance Acceptance of all welding materials c la ssified under this specification is in accordance with AWS A5 .0l , Filler

50 Notebook Page 351

(

C:onvright

© 20 II hv the American Societv of Mechan ical Engineers.

2011a SECfiON II, PART C

TABLE A2 CANADIAN ELECTRODE CLASSIFICATIONS SIMILAR TO AWS CLASSIFICATIONS Canadian Electrode Classification°l E4310 E4311 E4312 E4313 E4322 E4327 E4910 E49ll E4912 E4913 E4914 E4915 E4916 E4918

~.

< :> -.,

~

=r

"':::l

"'

:Tl :::l

~. :::l

lJl lJl

~&

AS.l M

3C1>

...

...

. ..

. ..

...

... . ..

... . .. . ..

... ...

. .. ...

0.40-0.65 0 .40-0.65 0 .40-0.65 0.40-0.65 0.40- 0 .65 0 .40- 0.65 0 .40-0.65

0.03 0.03

. .. ...

0.40- 0.65 0.40- 0 .65

0.40- 0.65 0 .40-0.65

0.03 0.03

0.03 0.03

. .. ...

1.00- 1.50 1.00- 1.50

0.40- 0.65 0.40- 0.65

1.00 0.60 0 .80

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.03 0.03 0.03

.

..

... ...

1.00-1.50 1.00-1.50 1.00-1.50

0.40-{).65 0.4 0- 0.65 0.40-0.65

0.90 0 .90 0 .90

1.00 0 .60 0.80

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.03 0.03 0.03

...

2.00- 2.50 2.00-2.50 2.00-2.50

0.90- 1.20 0.9 0- 1.20 0 .90-1.20

0.05 0.05

0.90 0 .9 0

1.00 0.80

0.03 0.03

0.03 0.03

...

.. .

2.00-2.50 2.00-2.50

0 .90- 1.20 0.90-1.20

W534 15

0.05

0.9 0

1.00

0 .03

0.03

...

1.75-2.25

0 .40-0.65

E5516-85

W5l316

0.07- 0.15

0 .40- 0.70

0 .30·0.60

0.03

0.03

...

0 .40-0.60

1.00- 1.25

E55 15-B6 E55 16 -86

~ ..... .....

""

Ch romium-Mol ybdenum Steel Electrodes

:::!.

.. .

...

..

... ... . .. ... ...

r

c.c

w

0> N

""l

TABLE 2 CHE MICAL COM POSITION REQUIREMENTS FOR WELD METAL (CONT'O )

>

tJ. (J,

~

Weight Percent AWS Classi fication AS.S

AS.SM

Additional Elements

UN S Number

c

:>

:I




3 ... ;:;· Cl>

J)

0

Cl>

p

s

Ni

Cr

Mo

E8015-BiE> E801&-BiE> E8018-BiE>

E5515- 87m E551&- B7m E5518- B7m

W50315 W5031& W503 18

0.05-0. 10 0.05-0.10 0.05-0.10

1.0 1.0 1.0

0.90 0.90 0.90

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.40 0.40 0.40

&.0- 8.0 &.0- 8.0 &.0-8.0

0.45- 0.&5 0.45-0.&5 0.45-0.&5

E8015-87L m E801&-8 7L m E8018-87L (E)

E5515- 87L E551&- 87L E5518- B7L

W50305 W5030& W50308

0.05 0.05 0.05

1.0 1.0 1.0

0.90 0.90 0.90

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.40 0.40 0.40

&.0- 8.0 &.0- 8.0 &.0-8.0

0. 45-0.&5 0.45-0.&5 0.45-0.&5

E8015-B8m E801&- B8 E8018-88

E5515-88 E551& -B8m E5518- B8

W5041 5 W5041& W50418

0.05- 0.10 0.05-0.10 0.05- 0.10

1.0 1.0 1.0

0.90 0.90 0.90

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.03 0.03 0.03

0.40 0.40 0.40

8.0- 10.5 8.0- 10.5 8.0-1 0.5

0.85-1.20 0.85-1.20 0.85-1.20

':T

"'::s

Si

N

~

E8015-B8L m E801&- B8L

Mn

E90 18-B9

E&218- B9w

W50428

0.08-0.13

1.20

0.30

0.01

0.01

0.80

8.0-1 0.5

0.85- 1.20

v Cu AI Nb(Cb)

~

N Nickel Steel Electr odes E801&-Cl E8018-Cl

E551&-C1 E5518-Cl

W2201& W22018

0.1 2 0.12

1.25 1.25

0.60 0.&0

0.03 0.03

0.03 0.03

2.00-2.75 2.00- 2.75

. .. . ..

Q

. ..

(n

. ..

. .. . .. 0.15- 0.30 0.25 0.04 0.02-0.10 0.02-0.07 0.15- 0.30 0.25 0.04 0.0 2-0.10 0.02-0.07 0.15- 0.30 0.25 0.04 0.02- 0 .10 0.02- 0.07

N

......... ~

t!l

(")

::l 0

z

~-

"C

>

"

-l

(")

Welding 111 27 General127.1 The B31.1 welding requirements apply to all fabrication in a shop or at a construction site. The welding processes used must meet the requirements of ASME Section IX. The following welding rules apply to ferrous materials. The welding of nonferrous materials, such as aluminum, copper, etc., requires different preparations and procedures.

Electrodes and Filler Metal 127.2.1 Welding electrodes, filler metal, and consumable inserts used for B31.1 welding are listed in ASME Section II, Part C. An electrode or filler met al not conforming to ASME Section II, Part C may be used provided the WPS and the welders and welding operators who will follow the WPS have been qualified as required by ASME Section IX.

Unless the designer specifies otherwise, welding electrodes and filler metals used must produce weld metal that complies with the following: (A) The nominal t ensile strength of the weld metal shall equal or exceed the minimum specified tensile strength ofthe base metals being joined . (B) If base metals of different tensile strengths are to be joined, the nominal tensile strength of the weld metal shall equal or exceed the minimum specified tensile strength of the weaker of the t wo. (C) The nominal chemical analysis of the weld metal shall be similar to the nominal chemical analysis of the major alloying elements of the base metal [e.g., 2114%Cr, 1% Mo steels should be joined using 2114% Cr, 1% Mo filler metals; see also para. 124.2(D)]. (D) If base metals of different chemical analysis are being joined, the nominal chemical analysis of the weld metal shall be similar to either base metal or an intermediate composition, except as specified below for austenitic steels joined to ferritic steels. (E) When austenitic steels are joined to ferritic steels, the weld metal shall have an austenitic structure. (F) For nonferrous metals, the weld metal shall be that recommended by the manufacturer of the nonferrous metal or by industry associations for that metal. (G) For unusual materials or combinations of materials, the design engineer shall s pecify the weld metal that is required. In addition, when a base metal is selected primarily for its corrosion resistance, and the media is aggressive towards the material, the use of weld metal that is electrochemically more noble than the base metal is recommended to en sure that selective corrosion of the weld met al does not occur (e.g., wh en using type 316L base metal in a strong acid, the use of 317L weld metal is preferred).

© Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI)

Notebook Page 363

Weld Backing Materia11I328.3.2 Backing rings must conform to the following: •

•

'l{ l 27.2.2(A) Ferrous metal backing rings that become a permanent part of the weld shall be made from material of weldable quality, compatible with the base material, and the sulfur content shall not exceed 0.05%. 'lll27.2.2(B)(c) Nonferrous and nonmetallic backing rings may be used for backing provided they are included in a qualified WPS. Nonmetallic or nonfusing rings shall be removed.

Con sumable Inserts '!T127.2.3

Consumable inserts may be used, provided: • •

they are made from material compatible with the chemical and physical properties of the base material, and they must be included in the qualification of the WPS.

Welding electrodes, filler metal, and consumable inserts, must conform to ASME Section IX. Practice Problem 01: Filler Metal Code

Which code must welding electrodes, filler metal, and consumable inserts be conformed to, for ASME B31.1 piping systems? a) b) c) d) e)

ASME Sec. II, Part A ASME Sec. II, Part B ASME Sec. II, Part C ASME Sec. IX c and d

I

Practice Problem 02: Backing Material

What are the ASME B31.1 quality requirements for ferrous metal backing rings used with process piping? a) b) c) d) e)

shall be of weldable quality shall meet the AWS backing specification requirements shall be the same material as the base metal shall be of weldable quality with a sulfur content not exceeding 0.05% shall be of weldable and corrosion resistant quality

© Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 364

Preparation for Welding 4f]127.3 Cleaning 'II 127.3(B) Surfaces for welding shall be clean and shall be free from any detrimental effects to either the weld or the base metal when heat is applied. Examples of debris for cleaning include:

• • • •

paint, oil, rust, and scale .

Alignment of Circumferential Welds 'II127.3(C) The inside diameters of piping components to be butt welded shall be aligned as accurately as practicable, within existing commercial tolerances on: • • •

diameters, wall thicknesses, and out-of-roundness.

Unless the piping design specifically states a different allowable misalignment, the maximum allowable internal misalignment of the ends is 1116 in. (2.0 mm), see Fig. 9[127.3. Spacing 'II127.3(D) The root opening of the welded joint is as specified in the qualified WPS. Socket Weld Assembly 'II 127.3(E) In assembly of socket weld joints, the pipe or tube shall be inserted into the socket to the maximum depth and then withdrawn approximately 1116 in. (2.0 mm) away from contact between the end of the pipe and the shoulder of the socket (see Figs. 127.4.4(B) and (C)). Practice Problem 03: Cleaning Welds

Which areas of an ASME B31.1 weld shall be clean and free from paint, oil, rust, scale, and other material that would be detrimental to either the weld or the base metal when heat is applied? a) base metal, including a minimum distance of 3 inches in all directions from the weld b) on those surfaces that will be in contact with the process or, a minimum distance of 3 inch es in all directions from the weld, whichever is greater c) surfaces for welding d) I.D. only e) O.D. only

© Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST!) Notebook Page 365

Practice Problem 04: Weld Alignment What are the ASME B 31.1 tolerance limits for the root opening of the joint for process piping?

a) ±1/16 in. b) ±1/8 in. c) shall be within the tolerance limits in the WPS d) a minimum of twice the diameter ofthe electrode size qualified in the WPS for the root pass e) ±3/16 in.

Practice Problem Q5: Socket Welds

The weld j oint fit-up gap between the end of a pipe and the bottom of the socket used in ASME B31.1 power piping shall be approximately: a) b) c) d) e)

1/32 in. 1/16 in. 1/8 in. 3/32 in. 5/32 in.

Procedure 1]127.4 WPS Qualification 20

s 3/ , >Y,

All All

All All

s 20 > 20

sY, > •;..

All

All

S490 All > 490

S13 > 13 AIL

s ';,

2..Yz... All

, 490 All > 490

ksl

Holding Time

Metal Temperature Ranp

•c

Nominal Wall (Note (3))

'f

mln/mm

None 593- 649

None 1.100- 1,200

2.4

s 71

None

All

593-718 593- 718

None 1.100-1.32 5 1.100-1,325

2.4 2.4

> 71 S 71 AIL

> 71

hr/ ln.

Brinell Min.

Hardness.

Time,

Max. [Note (4)]

hr

225 225

None

704-746 704- 746

2.4 2.4

2

225 225

From Table 331.1.1, the PWHT met al temperature range is 1,300-1,375°F; the minimum holding t ime is 2 hours, with a maximum hardness of 225 HBW (see 331.1.7).

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 429

Practice Problem 020: Post-Weld Heat Treatment Requirement

What are the ASME B31.3 PWHT requirements for 10 in. O.D., Schedule 80 (0.594 in.), ASTM A335/A335M Grade P22 seamless piping material? a) none required b) metal temperature range is 1,300-1,400°F; the minimum holding time is 2 hours; and the maximum hardness is 241 HBW c) metal temperature range is 1,250°F; the minimum holding time is 36 minutes d) metal temperature range is 1,250°F; the minimum holding time is 36 minutes; and the maximum hardness is 241 HBW e) as required in the material specification

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 430

Solutions For ASME 8 31 .3 Practice Problems

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST!)

Notebook Page 431

Answer Key - ASME 831.3 Practice Problems Practice Problem

Answer

Q1: Q2: Q3: Q4: Q5: Q6: Q7: Q8: Q9: Q10: Qll: Q12: Q13: Q14: Q17: Q20:

a d b c c b d b d c e c a a c b

Reference Paragraph

328.1 328.3.2(a) 328.3.1 328.4.1 328.4.3(d) 328.5.1(c) 328.5.1(e) 328.5.2, Fig. 328.5.2 328.5.3 Table 341.3.2 341.3.3 330.1.1 330.1.2 330.1.4 330.1.1, Table 330.1.1 Table 331.1.1

@Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 432

Practice Problem Q8: Socket Weld

[SOLUTION]

The fit-up gap between the end of the pipe and the bottom of the socket of a socket weld joint used in process piping shall be approximately: From Figures 328.5.2B and 328.5.20, the fit-up gap should be approximately 1116 in.

~ The le-sser of -Tor {1) Fron·t and Back Welds

(31 Socket Weldi ng Flange

(21 Face and Back Welds

X.,..,_ = Fig. 328.5.28

approx, gap before weldi ng

6 mm ( 1/4 In .I

the lesser of 1.47' or the thickness of the hub

Typical Details for Double-Welded Slip-On and Socket Welding Flange Attachment Welds

t • p ressure design thickness (sea para. 304.1)

1.5m~ Cx (min. I e 11f4t but not

approx. gap before welding

less than 3 mm (1/a in.)

Fig. 328.5.2(

Minimum Welding Dimensions for Socket Welding Components Other Than Flanges

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI)

Notebook Page 433

Practice Problem 01 0: Weld Reinforcement

[SOLUTION)

What is the ASME B31.3 maximum weld reinforcement for a girth welded pipe joint with a nominal thickness of0.750 inch in normal fluid service? The maximum reinforcement can be read from Table 341.3.2: Table 341.3.2

Acceptance Criteria for Welds and Examination Methods for Evaluating Weld Imperfections

Criteria (A to M) for Types of Welds and for Service Conditions (Note (1)1

Examination Methods

Normal and Catego!X M Auld Service

Severe CycUc Condlllons

Category D Auld Service

Type of Weld

Type of Weld

Type of Weld

::::

""~

~

"'"' olfC!.

0

ode!. "'"' .... >2! "'e .. .., :=

~

~8

I!

~

li

e

~

"'~8

"'" :~ -

..

C!.

I!

0

!l

~~ .. z

:E~

!13

~

e-

.3

"'

-

e

~

0

"'!!

0

~

~~

0

v

~i r~

:E~

.s

\5

0

~

..

~

i

0

"11

~

~

.. f.o

"

.s

6 mm (';.ln.), limit Is l.S x 0

Slag Inclusion, tungsten Inclusion, or elongated Indication Individual length Individual width Cumulative length

~ T.. in any

Slag inclusion, tungsten inclusion, or elongated indication Individual length Individual width Cumulative length

S 2Tw s 3 mm ('Ia in.) and s T. /2 S 4Tw In any ISO mm (6 ln.) weld length

Depth of undercut

s

Depth of undercut

s 1.5 mm ('/,,in.) and s

Surface roughness

s SDO min. R. i n aC(Ordance with ASME 846.1

ST./3 s 2.S mm

I

W, ln.) and s T./3 tiT\.,. weld length

mm (Y, inJ and s

T.,/4 (f./4

or I mm 6 13 ('/,), s 25 (1) > lS (1) limit is twice the value applicable for l above

The maximum reinforcement is 5/32 in.

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 434

Practice Problem 017: Preheat Requirements

[SOLUTION]

What is the B31.3 preheat requirement for NPS 10, Schedule 80 (0.594 in.), ASTM A3.35/A335M Grade Pl seamless piping material when welding at an ambient temperature of 0°F? From Table A-1, the P-No. for this material is 3. Table A-1

Basic Allowable Stresses in Tension for Metals1 (Cont'd)

Numbers in Parentheses Refer to Notes fo r Appendix A Tables; Specifications Are ASTM Unless Otherwise Indicated

P..f\b. or 8-f\b. Material

Spec. No.

Grade

(5)

Notes

Min. Temp., OF (6)

(11)(67)

-20 - 20

- 20 - 20 -20 - 20

Specified Min. Strength, ksi Yield

Min. Temp. to 100

55 55

30 33

18.3 18.3

18.3 18.3

55 55 55

30 30 30 33

18.3 18.3 18.3 18.3

18.3 18.3 18.3 18.3

Tensile

200

Low and Intermediate Alloy Steel Pipes (2) %Cr- Y2 Mo Y2 Cr_J/2 Mo A 38 7 Gr 2 Cl. 1

A 335 A 691

3 3

C-Y2 Mo C- Y2 Mo Y2Cr-Y2Mo 1Cr-Y2Mo A 387 Gr. 12 Cl. 1

A335 A 369 A 369 A 691

CD 3

P2 Y2CR

£.1

(58) (58)

FP1 FP2 1CR

3

4

(1 1)(67)

55

The P-No. for any given material is also found in Appendix D of ASME IX. The minimum preheat t emperature can be read off ofTable 330.1.1. The material has a base metal group Cr ~ 1/2%, and NPS 10 Sch 80 pipe has a nominal thickness ~ 1h in. Table 330.1.1 Preheat Temperatures Base Metal P·No. or S-No. [Not e (1))

Weld Metal Analysis A·N(). [Note (2)]

Base Metal Group Carbon steel

3

2, 11

Specified Min. Tensile Strength, Base Metal

Nominal Wall Thickness

Alloy steels, Crs ~%

mm

in.

ksl

MPa

< 25 ~ 25

490

>71

71

Min. Temperature Required

•c

Recommended

Of

•c

Of

10 79 79

50 175 175

10 79 79

@)

50

175

The preheat requirement from Table 330.1.1 is 175°F (149°C) minimum, since 'J[330.1.1 requires that when the ambient temperature is below ooc (32°F), the recommendations in Table 330.1.1 become requirements.

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (C ASTI) Notebook Page 435

Practice Problem 020: Post-Weld Heat Treatment Requirement

[SOLUTION]

What are the ASME B31.3 PWHT requirements for 10 in. O.D., Schedule 80 (0.594 in.), ASTM A335/A335M Grade P22 seamless piping material? The P-No. for this material can be read from ASME Sec. IX Table QW/QB-422. QW/QB-422 FERROUS/NONFERROUS P-NUMBERS (CONT'Dl Grouping of Base Metals lor Qualification Ferrous CCONT'Dl

Type or Grade

UNS No.

5A· 312 SA·312 SA-312 5A· 312

TP321 TP321 TP321 TP321H

532100 532100 532100 532109

5A· 312 SA-312 SA· 312

TP321H TP321H 534565

SA-312 SA· 312 5A·312 SA· 312

TP347 TP347H TP348 TP348H

5A· 312

TPXM- 15

Minimum Spe ~ in. (10 mm>

532109 532109 534565

75 (515) 75 (515) 115 (795}

8 8 8

102 102 102

8.1 8.1 8.)

18Cr-10N1- Tl 18Cr- 10NI-TI 24Cr- 17 NI- 6Mn-4.5Mo-N

Smls. & welded pipeS:% in. {10 mm) Welded pipe Smls & welded pipe

534700 534709 534800 534809

75 (515} 75 (515) 75 (515> 75 (515)

8 8 8 8

102 102 102 102

8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1

18Cr-10N1- Cb 18Cr-10N1- Cb 18Cr·10NI· Cb 18Cr- 10N1- Cb

5mls. 5mls. 5mls. 5mls.

538100

75 (SIS>

8

102

8.1

18Cr-18NI- 2SI

Smls. & ...,lded pipe

K03006 K03008

1 4 9A

101 101 101 102 101

11.1 11.1 ll.1 4.1 9.1

c-M,..SI C- Mn C Mn -SI

Kll267 K2190)

60(415) 55 (380> 80 (550) 60 (415) 65 (450)

2.5NI

Smls. Smls. Smls. Smls. Smls.

SA· 333 5A·333 SA-333

K22035 K)l918 1\ in. 110 mm>

0.75Cr-0.75N H:~>-AI

& & & &

welded welded welded welded

& welded & welded & welded & ""'lded & ,..lded

pipe pipe pipe pipe

pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe

Smls. pipe:

Smls. pipe

Smts. pipe Smls. pipe Smls. pipe Smls. pipe

The metal temperature range for a P-No. 5A material with a thickness of 0.594 in. can be read from Table 331.1.1. Table 331.1.1 Base Metal P· No. or 5-Ho. (Note (I))

Weld Metal Analysis A· Number (Note (l)J

2. 11

4 (Note (S)J

2. 58, sc (Note (S)J

Nominal Wall Thickness Base Metal Group

s

mm

ln.

MPa

ksl

Holdins Time

Mttal Ttmptr1turo Rance

1,1D0-1.200

2.4

2.4 2.4

225 225

2.4 2.4

225 225

s~ >~ All

s 490 All > 490

s 71 > 71

None 593-718 593- 718

Sl3 >13

s \1, >~

All

All

S490 All > 490

S71 All > 71

None 704- 746 704- 746

None 1.3D0-1,37S 1,30D-1,375

sn

s'/, >\I, All

All All All

All All All

None 704-760 704-760

~ .

s 10 > 20 All

>13 All

All

8rineU Hardness, Mu. (Note (4)1

None l.IOD-1,325 I.IOD-1.325

None

Alloy steels, ers \1,%

Min. Time. hr

mln/mm

None 593-649

s >

Nominal Wall (Note (J )J

•r

•c

All All

s 10 > 20

Alloy sleets (l'/.% s Cr s 10%) S 3% Cr and S 0.15% C S 3% Cr and S 0.15% C >3%Cror>0.1S%C

\1. \1,

Specifitd Min. Tensile Strength, Bast Molal

All All

Carbon steel

Aloy steels, '/,% < Cr s 2%

4.

Requirements for Heat Treat ment

'

2.4 2.4

h r/in.

d) @ 2

241

From Table 331.1.1, the PWHT metal temperature range is 1,300-1,400°F; the minimum holding time is 2 hours, with a maximum hardness of241 HBW (see 331.1.7).

~ Codes

Notebook Page 436

and Standards Training Institute (CASTI)

ASME 831.3-2010

Chapter V Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection 327

backing rings, are used, their suitability shall be demonstrated by procedure qualification, except that a procedure qualified without use of a backing ring is also qualified for use with a backing ring in a single-welded butt joint. (j) To reduce the number of welding procedure qualifications required, P-Numbers or S-Numbers, and Group Numbers are assigned, in the BPV Code, Section IX, to groupings of metals generally based on composition, weldability, and mechanical properties, insofar as practicable. The P-Numbers or S-Numbers for most metals are listed for the convenience of the Code user in a separate column in Table A-1. See Section IX, QWI QB-422, for Group Numbers for respective P-Numbers and S-Numbers. Use of Section IX, QW-420.2,. is required for this Code.

GENERAL

Metallic piping materials and components are prepared for assembly and erection by one or more of the fabrication processes covered in paras. 328,330,331,332, and 333. When any of these processes is used in assembly or erection, requirements are the same as for fabrication .

328

WELDING

Welding shall conform to paras. 328.1 through 328.6 in accordance with applicable requirements of para. 311.2.

328.1 Welding Responsibility

328.2.2 Procedure Qualification by Others. Each employer is responsible for qualifying any welding procedure that personnel of the organization will use. Subject to the specific approval of the Inspector, welding procedures qualified by others may be used, provided that the following conditions are met: (a) The Inspector shall be satisfied that (1) the proposed welding procedure specification (WPS) has been prepared, qualified, and executed by a responsible, recognized organization with expertise in the field of welding (2) the employer has not made any change in the welding procedure (b) The base material P-Number is either 1, 3, 4 Gr. No. 1 (1~ Cr max.), or 8; and impact testing is not required. (c) Th e base metals to be joined are of the same P-Number, except that P-Nos. 1, 3, and 4 Gr. No. 1 may be welded to each other as permitted by Section IX. (d) The material to be welded is not more than 19 mm (% in.) in thickness. Postweld heat treatment shall not be required. (e) The design pressure does not exceed the ASME 616.5 Class 300 rating for the material at design temperature; and the design temperature is in the range - 29°C to 399°C (-20°F to 750°F), inclusive. (j) The welding process is SMAW or GTAW or a combination thereof.

Each employer is responsible for the welding done by the personnel of his/ her organization and, except as provided in paras. 328.2.2 and 328.2.3, shall conduct the tests required to qualify welding procedures, and to qualify and as necessary requalify welders and welding operators.

328.2 Welding Qualifications

328.2.1 Qualification Requirements Qualification of the welding procedures to be used and of the performance of welders and welding operators shall conform to the requirements of the BPV Code, Section IX except as modified herein. (b) Where the base meta l will not withstand the 180 deg guided bend required by Section IX, a qualifying welded specimen is required to undergo the same degree of bending as the base metal, within 5 deg. (c) The requirements for preheating in para. 330 and for heat treatment in para. 331, as well as such requirements in the engineering design, shall apply in qualifying welding procedures. (d) When impact testing is required by the Code or the engineering design, those requirements shall be met in qualifying welding procedures. (e) If consumable inserts [Fig. 328.3.2 sketch (d), (e), (f), or (g)] or their integrally machined equivalents, or (a)

58 Copyright© 20 11 by the American Society of Mechanical En2ineers. ~ ~ e s. No reproduction may be made of th is material without written consent of ASME.

Notebook Page 437

ASME 831.3-2010

(g) Welding electrodes for the SMAW process are selected from the following classifications: AWS A5.1 1

AWSA5.41

AWS A5.5 1

E6010 E6011 E7015 E7016 E7018

E308-15, -16 E308L-15, -16 E309-15, -16 £310-15, -16 E-16-8-2-15, -16 £316-15, -16 E316L-15, -16 £347-15, -16

E7010-A1 E7018-Al E8016-B1 £8018-Bl E8015-B2L E8016-B2 E8018-B2 E8018-B2L

welding electrodes and filler metals used shall produce weld metal that complies with the following: (a) The nominal tensile strength of the weld metal shall equal or exceed the minimum specified tensile strength of the base metals being joined, or the weaker of the two if base metals of two different strengths are being joined. (b) The nominal chemical analysis of the weld metal shall be similar to the nominal chemical analysis of the major alloying elements of the base metal (e.g., 2Yt% Cr, 1% Mo steels should be joined using 2Y4% Cr, 1% Mo filler metals). (c) If base metals of different chemical analysis are being joined, the nominal chemical analysis of the weld metal shall be similar to either base metal or an intermediate composition, except as specified below for austenitic steels joined to ferritic steels. (d) When austenitic steels are joined to ferritic steels, the weld metal shall have a predominantly austenitic microstructure. (e) For nonferrous metals, the weld metal shall be that recommended by the manufacturer of the nonferrous base metal or by industry associations for that metal.

(h) By signature, the employer accepts responsibility for both the WPS and the procedure qualification record

(PQR). (i) The employer has at least one currently employed welder or welding operator who, while in his/her employ, has satisfactorily passed a performance qualification test using the procedme and the P-Number material specified in the WPS. The performance bend test required by Section IX, QW-302 shall be used for this purpose. Qualification by radiography is not acceptable.

328.2.3 Performance Qualification by Others. To avoid duplication of effort, an employer may accept a performance qualification made for another employer, provided that the Inspector specifically approves. Acceptance is limited to qualification on piping using the same or equivalent procedure wherein the essential va riabl es are within the limits in Section IX. The employer shall obtain a copy from the previous employer of the performance qualification test record, showing the name of the employer, name of the welder or welding operator, procedure identification, date of successful qualification, and the date that the individual last used the procedme on pressure piping.

328.3.2 Weld Backing Material. When backing rings are used, they shall conform to the following: (a) Ferrous Metal Backing Rings. These shall be of weldable quality. Sulfur content shall not exceed 0.05%. (b) If two abutting surfaces are to be welded to a third member used as a backing ring and one or two of the three members are ferritic and the other member or members are austenitic, the satisfactory use of such materials shall be demonstrated by welding procedure qualified as required by para. 328.2. Backing rings may be of the continuous machined or split-band type. Some commonly used types are shown in Fig. 328.3.2. (c) Nonferrous and Nonmetallic Backing Rings. Backing rings of nonferrous or nonmetallic material may be used, provided the designer approves their use and the welding procedure using them is q ualified as required by para. 328.2.

328.2.4 Qualification Records. The employer shall maintain a self-certified record, available to the owner (and the owner's agent) and the Inspector, of the procedures used and the welders and welding operators employed, showing the date and results of procedure and performance qualifications, and the identification symbol assigned to each welder and welding operator. 328.3 WeMing Materials (10)

328.3.3 Consumable Inserts. Consumable inserts may be used, provided they are of the same nominal composition as the filler metal, w ill not cause detrimental alloying of the weld metal, an.d the welding procedure using them is qualified as required by para. 328.2. Some commonly used types are shown in Fig. 328.3.2.

328.3.1 Electrodes and Filler Metal. Welding electrodes and filler metal, including consumable inserts, shall conform to the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section II, Part C. An electrode or filler metal not conforming to the above may be used provided the WPS and the welders who will follow the WPS have been qualified as required by ASME Section IX. Un less otherwise specified by the Designer, 1

328.4 Preparation for Welding 328.4.1 Cleaning. Internal and external surfaces to be thermally cut or welded sha ll be clean and free from paint, oil, rust, scale, and other material that would be detrimental to either the weld or the base metal when heat is applied.

AWS A5.1, Ca rbo n Steel Elect ro d es fo r Shi eld ed Me tal Arc

Welding; AWS A5.4, Stainless Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding; and AWS AS.S, Low Alloy Steel Covered Arc Weld i.ng Electrodes.

59 Notebook Page 438

Copyright© 201 1 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.

~

~

ASME 831.3-201 0

Fig. 328.3.2 Typical Backing Rings and Consumable Inserts

:·, : ;. :. ·.·.· c:tCJ ~·

(c) Nonmetallic Removable Backing Ring ( Refractory )

3 mmto5 mm in. to 3J,s in.)

(1Js

(a) Butt Joint With Bored Pi pe Ends and Solid or Split Backing Ring [Note ( 1) ]

(d ) Square Ring or Round Wire T ype

~ Typical Consumabl e Inserts

(e) f l at Rectangul ar R ing

(f ) Formed Ring Type

3 mmto5mm 11fa in. t o 3t, 6 in.) (b) Butt Joint With Taper-Bored Ends and Solid Backing Ring [Note (1))

(g) Y-Type

NOTE: (1) Refer to ASM E 816.25 fo r detailed dimensional in formation on welding ends.

(4) Where necessary, weld metal may be deposited inside or outside of the component to permit alignment or provide for machining to ensure satisfactory seating of rings or inserts. (5) When a girth or miter groove weld joins components of unequal wall thickness and one is more than 1~ times the thickness of the other, end preparation and geometry shall be in accordance with acceptable designs for unequal wall thickness in ASME Bl6.25. (6) Buttweld fittings manufactured in accordance with ASME B16.9 may be trimmed to produce an angular joint offset in their connections to pipe or to other buttweld fittings without being subject to design qualifications in accordance with para. 304.7.2 p rovid ed the total angular offset produced between the two jointed parts does not exceed 3 deg.

328.4.2 End Preparation (a) General

(1) End preparation is acceptable only if the surface is reasonably smooth and true, and slag from oxygen or arc cutting is cleaned from thermally cut surfaces. Discoloration remaining on a thermally cut surface is not considered detrimental oxidation. (2) End preparation for groove welds speci fied in ASME 816.25, or any other which meets the WPS, is acceptable. [For convenience, the basic bevel angles of ASME B16.25 and some additional J-bevel angles are shown in Fig. 328.4.2 sketches (a) and (b).] (b) Circumferential Welds (1) If component ends are trimmed as shown in Fig. 328.3.2 sketch (a) or (b) to fit backing rings or consumable inserts, or as shown in Fig. 328.4.3 sketch (a) or (b) to correct internal misalignment, such trimming shall not reduce the finished wall thickness below the required minimum wall thickness, t111• (2) Component ends may be bored to allow for a completely recessed back ing ring, p rov ided the remaining net thickness of the finished ends is not less than t111• (3) It is permissible to size pipe ends of the same nominal size to improve alignment if wall thickness requirements are maintained.

328.4.3 Alignment

(a) Circumferential Welds (1) Inside surfaces of components at ends to be joined in girth or miter groove welds shall be aligned within the dimensional limits in the WPS and the engineering design. (2) If the external surfaces of the components are not aligned, the weld shall be tapered between them. (b) Longitudinal Welds. Alignment of longitudinal groove welds (not made in accordance with a standard

60 Copyright © 201 1 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ~. No reproduction may be made of this material without wri tten consent of ASME. ~

Notebook Page 439

ASME 831.3-2010

Fig. 328.4.2

listed in Table A-1 or Table 326.1) shall conform to the requirements of para. 328.4.3(a).

Typical Butt Weld End Preparation

(c) Branch Connection Welds (1) Branch connections which abut the outside sur-

~

face of the run pipe shall be contoured for groove welds which meet the WPS requirements [see Fig. 328.4.4 sketches (a) and (b)]. (2) Branch connections which are inserted through a run opening shall be inserted at least as far as the inside surface of the run pipe a t all points [see Fig. 328.4.4 sketch (c)] and shall otherwise conform to para. 328.4.3(c)(l). (3) Run openings for branch connections shall not deviate from the required contour more than the dimension m in Fig. 328.4.4. In no case shall deviations of the shape of the opening cause the root spacing tolerance limits in the WPS to be exceeded. Weld metal may be added and refinished if necessary for compliance. (d) Spacing. The root opening of the joint shall be within the tolerance limits in the WPS.

T 22 m m Pia

in.)

_L ~........,_,.....,_,_,._,

(a ) Wall Thickness 6 mm to 22 mm, Inclusive I 3/,s in. to 1! 8 in.)

328.5 Welding Requirements 328.5.1 General Welds, including addition of weld metal for alignment [paras. 328.4.2(b)(4) and 328.4.3(c)(3)], shall be made in accordance with a qualified procedure and by qualified welders or welding operators. (b) Each qualified welder and welding operator shall be assigned an identification symbol. Unless otherwise specified in the engineering design, each pressure containing weld or adjacent area shall be marked with the identification symbol of the welder or welding operator. In lieu of marking the weld, appropriate records shall be filed. (c) Tack welds at the root of the joint shall be made with filler metal equivalent to that used in the root pass. Tack welds shall be made by a qualified welder or welding operator. Tack welds shall be fused with the root pass weld, except that those which have cracked shall be removed. Bridge tacks (above the weld) shall be removed . (d) Peening is prohibited on the root pass and final pass of a weld. (e) No welding shall be done if there is impingement on the weld area of rain, snow, sleet, or excessive wind, or if the weld area is frosted or wet. (j) Welding End Valves. The welding sequence and procedure and any heat treatment for a welding end valve shall be such as to preserve the seat tightness of the valve. (a)

(b ) Wa ll Thickness Ov« 22 mm F/8 in.)

Fig. 328.4.3

Trimming and Permitted Misalignment

......

m isalignment . See WPS.

'·,~ 30deg max.

(a) Thicker Pipe Taper-Bored to Align

misal ignment. See WPS.

30 deg

max.

(b) Th icker Pipe Bored fo r Al ignment

328.5.2 Fillet and Socket Welds . Fillet welds (including socket welds) may vary from convex to concave. The size of a fillet weld is determined as shown in Fig. 328.5.2A. (a) Typical weld details for slip-on and socket welding flanges are shown in Fig. 328.5.28; minimum welding

61 Notebook Page 440

Copyright © 20 ll by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.

~

~

ASME 831.3·2010

Fig. 328.4.4 Preparation for Branch Connections

g ~ root gap per welding specification m ~ t he lesser of 3.2 mm (1fs in.) or 0.5

rb

Fig. 328.5.2A Fillet Weld Size Surface of perpendicular member vex fillet weld Size Size of weld

Surface of perpendicular fillet weld

Surface of hori2ontal member

Surface of horizontal member

Theoretical throat ~---

Theoretical throat

Equ al Leg Fillet Weld

Unequal Leg Fillet Weld

GENERAL NOTE: The size of an equal leg fillet we ld is the leg length of th e largest inscribed isosceles right triangle (theoretical throat 0.70 7 x size).

GENERAL NOTE: The size of unequal leg fillet weld is the leg lengths of the largest right triangle which can be i nscribed within th e weld cross section [e.g., 13 mm x 19 mm C.t2 in. in.)].

=

x%

Fig. 328.5.28 Typical Details for Double-Welded Slip-On and Socket Welding Flange Attachment Welds

~ The lesser of -T or

approx. gap befo re welding

6 mm ( 1/4 in.)

( 1) Front and Back Welds

(2 ) Face and Bacl< Welds

xmln .

(3) Socket Welding F lange

= the lesser of 1.47or the thickness of the hub 62

Copyright© 2011 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.

Notebook Page 441

ASME 831.3-2010

Fig. 328.5.2C

Minimum Welding Dimensions for Socket Welding Components Other Than Flanges

Cx(min.) = 1.09 fworthe thickness ofthe socket wall, w hichever is smaller

1+----++-- Socket wall t hickness

Figs. 328.5.4A, B, C Typical Welded Branch Connections

(al Without Added Reinforcement

(bl Wit h Added Reinforcement

dimensions for other socket welding components are shown in Fig. 328.5.2C or MSS SP-119. (b) If slip-on flanges are single welded, the weld shall be at the hub.

(cl Angular Branch Without Added Reinforcement

conform to the requirements herein. Welds shall be calculated in accordance with para. 304.3.3, but shall be not less than the sizes shown in Fig. 328.5.40. (c) The nomenclature and symbols used herein and in Fig. 328.5.40 are Tb = nominal thickness of branch T11 = nominal thickness of header T, = nominal thickness of reinforcing pad or saddle tc = lesser of 0.7Tb or 6 mm (~ in.) tlnin = lesser of Tbor T,

328.5.3 Seal Welds. Seal welding shall be done by a qualified welder. Seal welds shall cover all exposed threads. 328.5.4 Welded Branch Connections

Figures 328.5.4A through 328.5.4E show acceptable details of branch connections with and without added reinforcement, in which the branch pipe is connected directly to the run pipe. The illustrations are typical and are not intended to exclude acceptable types of construction not shown. (b) Figure 328.5.40 shows basic types of weld attachments used in the fabrication of branch connections. The location and minimum size of attachment welds shall (n)

(d) Branch connections, including branch connection fittings (see paras. 300.2 and 304.3.2), which abut the outside of the run or which are inserted in an opening in the run shall be attached by fully penetrated groove welds. The welds shall be finished with cover fillet welds having a throat dimension not less than t,. See Fig. 328.5.40 sketches (1) and (2).

63 Notebook Page 442

Copyright © 20 I I by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.

~

~

(to)

ASME 831.3-2010

Fig. 328.5.4D Acceptable Details for Branch Attachment Welds

o.sr, (1)

(5)

(4)

GENERAL NOTE:

(3)

(2)

These sketches show minimum acceptable welds. Welds may be larger than those shown here.

Fig. 328.5.4E Acceptable Details for Branch Attachment Suitable for 100% Radiography

(2) Extruded Header Outlet

(1) Contour Outlet Fitting

strength equivalent to pad or saddle parent metal, and if each piece has a vent hole. (h) Examination and any necessary repairs of the completed weld between branch and run shall be made before adding a pad or saddle.

(e) A reinforcing pad or saddle shall be attached to the branch pipe by ei ther (1) a fully penetrated groove weld finished with a cover fillet weld having a throat dimension not less than t0 or (2) a fillet weld having a throat dimension not less than 0.7tmin.· See Fig. 328.5.40 sketch (5) (j) The outer edge of a reinforcing pad or saddle shall be attached to the run pipe by a fillet weld having a throat dimension not less than O.ST,. See Fig. 328.5.40 sketches (3), (4), and (5). (g) Reinforcing pads and saddles shall have a good fit with the parts to which they are attached. A vent hole shall be provided at the side (not at the crotch) of any pad or saddle to reveal leakage in the weld between branch and run and to allow venting during welding and heat treatment. A pad or saddle may be made in more than one piece if joints between pieces have

328.5.5 Fabricated Laps. Figure 328.5.5 shows typical fabricated laps. Fabrication shall be in accordance with the applicable requirements of para. 328.5.4. 328.5.6 Welding for Severe Cyclic Conditions. A welding procedure shall be employed which provides a smooth, regular, fully penetrated inner surface. 328.6 Weld Repair A weld defect to be repaired shall be removed to sound metal. Repair welds shall be made using a welding procedure qualified in accordance with para . 328.2.1, recognizing that the cavity to be repaired may differ in 64

Copyright © 20 II by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No reproduction may be made of this material without wri tten consent of ASME.

~

l.w.'

Notebook Page 443

ASME 831.3 -2010

Fig. 328.5.5

_j_

T

r2 > r

Typical Fabricated Laps

j_

t---

T

i>f

r2 > T

0.7 ('7' - c)

/-r (a)

(b )

(c)

(d )

(e)

GENERAL NOTE: Laps shall be machined (front and back) or trued after weldi ng. Plate flanges in accordance with para. 304.5 or lap join t flanges in accordance with ASME B16.5 may be used. We lds may be machined to radius, as in sketch (e), if necessary to match ASME B16.5 lap joint fla nges.

contour and dimensions from the original joint. Repair welds shall be made by welders or welding operators qualified in accordance with para. 328.2.1. Preheating and heat treatment shall be as required for the original welding. See also para. 341.3.3. 330

discharge method of welding without welding procedure and performance qualifications. After thermocouples are removed, the areas shall be visually examined for evidence of defects to be repaired. 330.1.4 Preheat Zone. The preheat zone shall extend at least 25 mm (1 in.) beyond each edge of the weld.

PREIHEATING

330.1 General

330.2 Specific Requirements

Preheating is used, along with heat treatment, to minimize the detrimental effects of high temperature and severe thermal gradients inherent in welding. The necessity for preheating and the temperature to be used shall be specified in the engineering design and demonstrated by procedtue qualification. The requirements and recommendations herein apply to all types of welding including tack welds, repair welds, and seal welds of threaded joints.

330.2.3 Dissimilar Materials. When materials having different preheat requirements are welded together, it is recommended that the higher temperature shown in Table 330.1.1 be used. 330.2.4 Interrupted Welding. If welding is interrupted, the rate of cooling shall be controlled or other means shall be used to prevent detrimental effects in the piping. The preheat specified in the WPS shall be applied before welding is resumed.

330.1 .1 Requirements and Recommendations. 331

Required and recommended minimum preheat temperatures for materials of various P-Numbers are given in Table 330.1.1. If the ambient temperattue is below ooc (32°F), the recommendations in Table 330.1.1 become requirements. The thickness intended in Table 330.1.1 is that of the thicker component measured at the joint.

HEAT TREATMENT

Heat treatment is used to avert or relieve the detrimental effects of high temperature and severe temperature gradients inherent in welding, and to relieve residual stresses created by bending and forming. Provisions in para. 331 are basic practices which are suitable for most welding, bending, and forming operations, but not necessarily appropriate for all service conditions.

330.1.2 Unlisted Materials. Preheat requirements for an unlisted material shall be specified in the WPS.

331.1 General

330.1.3 Temperature Verification (a) Preheat temperature shall be checked by use of temperature indicating crayons, thermocouple pyrometers, or other suitable means to ensure that the temperature specified in the WPS is obtained prior to and maintained during welding. (b) Thermocouples may be temporarily attached directly to pressure containing parts using the capacitor

331.1.1 Heat Treatment Requirements

Heat treatment shall be in accordance with the material groupings and thickness ranges in Table 331.1.1 except as provided in paras. 331.2.1 and 331.2.2. (b) Heat treatment to be used after production welding shall be specified in the WPS and shall be used in qualifying the welding procedure. (a)

65 Notebook Page 444

Copyright© 201 1 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.

~

~

ASME B31.3-2010

Table 330.1.1 Preheat Temperatures

(10) Base Metal P-No. or S-No. [Note (1))

Weld Metal Analysis A-No. [Note (2))

1

1

3

2, 11

Specified Min. Tensile Strength, Base Metal

Nominal Wall Thickness Base Metal Group Carbon steel

Alloy steels, Cr s %%

mm

ln.

MPa

ksi

Min. Temperature Requi red

oc

Recommended OF

oc

OF

$490 All > 490

$ 71 All > 71

10 79 79

50 175 175

All

~~ All

$490 All > 490

$71 All >71

10 79 79

50 175 175

< 25 ~ 25 All

< 1

::::'3 =.en::1. 3 £

2, 11

Nominal Wall Thickness

Specified Min. Tensile Strength, Base Metal

mm

MPa

in.

ksi

Holding Time

Of

min/mm

hr/in.

Min. Time, hr

Metal Temperature Range

oc

Nominal Wall [Note (3)]

Brinell Hardness, Max. [Note (4)]

~ 20 > 20

~% > J/4

All All

All All

None 593-649

None 1,100- 1,200

2.4

1

1

Alloy steels, Cr ~ '/2%

$20 > 20 All

$% >% All

$490 All > 490

$71 All > 71

None 593 - 718 593 - 718

None 1,100- 1,325 1,100-1,325

2.4 2.4

1 1

1 1

22 5 225

Alloy steels, 1;2% < Cr ~ 2%

$ 13 > 13 All

$ y2 >% All

$490 All > 490

$ 71 All > 71

None 704- 746 704- 746

None 1,300- 1,375 1,300- 1,375

...

. ..

. ..

.. .

2.4 2.4

1 1

2 2

22 5 22 5

~

Carbon steel

o--

3 0" "''< o..-

Requirements for Heat Treatment

fJ)

~

g,

"'

3

~ ("")

i~·

9-o 0 ..... ~ ~ ~

4 [Note (5)]

::1

~

'I

SA, 5B, 5C [Note (5)]

4, 5

g

- "'o· ~.

::r

20

~% >%

All All

All All

None 593 - 635

None 1,100- 1,175

All

All

All

All

760-816 [Note (6))

1,400-1,500 [Note (6)]

:::1 G(]Q

~~ I

>Yl

(/)

~

10

...

Cr- Cu steel

VI

3:: ,..,

.......,w ... Cll

~

:::s

0

)>

20

0 0

Table 331.1.1

(10) Base Metal P-No. or S-No. [Note (1)]

~ Cil (")

-g

0

0"0

0. '-

3@ "' 0N '< c:r

0

>

::' a

=:. n "' 3

.. .

~·

0

I 00 a..

5

0 ; o·

-·-
-SI

Smls. pipe 5mls. pipe Smls. pipe 5mls. pipe Smls. pipe

5A-335 SA-335 5A-335 SA-335 5A-335

P22 P21 PSc PS P5b

K21590 K31545 K41245 K41545 K51545

60 (4151 60 (4 151 60 (4 151 60 (4151 60 (415)

SA SA 58 56 58

1 1 1 1 1

102 102 102 102 102

5.2 5 .2 5.3 5.3 5.3

2.25Cr- 1Mo 3Cr-1 Mo 5Cr-o.SM-Ti 5Cr-o.sMo 5Cr-Q.5M-Si

Smls. pipe 5mts. pipe Smls. pipe Smls. pipe Smls. pipe

Spec. No.

."

ksi ( MPal

75 75 75 75

No.

Group

...

welded welded welded welded

& welded ole welded ole welded & welded

ole welded & welded ole welded & welded & welded

'Is in. (1 0 mml

pipe pipe pipe pipe

pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe

Using the P-No., the required minimum preheat temperature can be read from Appendix R, 1{R-2(b). P-No. 3 Group Nos. 1, 2, 3 (a) 175°F (79°C) for material which has either a specified minimum tensile strength in excess of 70,000 psi (480 MPa) or a thickness at th e joint in excess of 5/8 in. (16 mm); (b) 50°F (10°C) for all other materials in this P-Number. The suggested preheat is 50°F since the specified minimum tensile str ength of this material in less than 70,000 psi (480 MPa) (see QW/QB-422) an d th e thickness at the joint is less than 5'8 in. (16 mm).

© Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 477

Practice Problem 020: Table UCS-56 Heat Treatment of Carbon and Low Alloy Steels [SOLUTION]

What are the ASME VIII-1 PWHT requirements for 10 in. O.D., Schedule 80 (0.594 in.), ASTM SA- 335/SA-335M Grade P22 seamless piping material? Table UCS-56 lists heat treatment requirements that are organized by P-No. The P-No. for all B&PV materials are found in ASME Sec. IX, QW/QB-422, as follows. QW/QB-422 FERROUS/NONFERROUS P·NUMBERS -SI C- Mn C-M,...SI 0.75CI"-0.7SN1-Cu-AI 2.SNI

Smls. Smls. Smls. Smls. Smls.

K22035 K31918 K81340

b) (4351 b5 (450) 100 (690)

'lA '18 llA

101 101 101

'1.1 '1.2 '!.)

2NI-1Cu 3.SNI 'IN I

Smls. & welded pipe 5mls. & welded pipe Smls. & welded pipe

K0300b K03008 K21903 K22035 K31918 K81340

60 (415) 55 -5 1

Welded tube

C- Mn 2.5NI 2Ni- 1Cu 3.5NI 9 NI

Weldedtu~

101 101 102 101 102

1.1 4.2 5. 1

102 102 102 102 102

5.2 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.)

SA·333 SA·333 SA·333 SA·334 5A·334 5A·334 SA·334 SA·334 SA·334

Type

Welding

10

9 8 6

9 3

SA·335 SA·335 SA·335 5A·335 5A·335

PI P2 P12 PIS Pll

Kll522 Kll547 Kll 562 Kll578 Kll597

55 (380) 55 (380) 60 (415) bO (415) bO 14151

3 3

SA·l3S 511·335 5A·33S 511·335 SA·33S

P22 P2 1 Psc P5 PSb

K21Sqo K31545 K41245 K41545 K51545

60 (415) 60 (415) bO (4151 60 (415) 60 (415)

@

4

3 4 SA SB SB

58

5. 1

""lded welded welded welded & welded & & & &

pipe> % in. (lO mml pipe S% in. 110 mml pipe pipe> %ln. (10 mm)

pipe pipe pipe pipe

pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe

Weldedtu~ Weldedtu~

Welded Welded

C~.5Mo

O.SC.....O.SMo 1Cr~.5Mo

1.5SI-D.5Mo 1.25Cr-0.5Me>-51 2.25Cr-1Mo 3Cr-1Mo 5C r~.5 M e>-TI 5C r~.5 M o 5C r~.5Me>-S I

tu~ tu ~

Smls. Smls. Smls. 5mls. Smls.

pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe

Smls. 5mls. 5mls. Smls. 5mls.

pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe

Since SA-335 grade P22 has an ASME P-No. 5A, then find the required PWHT values in Table UCS-56 for P-No. 5A, with a thickness of 0.594 in, as follows: TABLE UCS-56 POSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR CARBON AND LOW ALLOY STEELS appear in this table

8 Alternatively, Grade P36, Class 2 shall

E

1365-1435 [740- 780)

there is no requirement.

be cooled from the austenitizing temperature by accelerated cooling in air or by liquid quenching.

c Except when

Supplementary Requirement S7 is speci fied by the purchaser. When mutually agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser, quenching and tempering shall be permi tted for th icknesses greater than 3 in. [75 mmJ. E Acce lerated cooling from the normali zing temperature shall be permitted for section thickness greater than 3 in. [ 7 5 mm J. 0

TABLE 3 TENSILE REQUIREMENTS Grade

Pl, P2 Tensile Strength, min.: ksi MPa Yield strength, min.: ksi MPa

Pl2

P23

P91

Pl22

P3o Class 2

All Others

55 380

60 415

74 5 10

85 585

90 620

90 620

95.5 660

60 415

30 205

32 220

58 400

60 415

64 440

58 400

66.5 460

30 205

550

Notebook Page 512

P92, P911 P3o Class 1

..

...:"'\

... . . . ...

('11

~

~...,:.

~ \)

Vl

._..-r

~

Q ~

~\' ~

,~

\)

t

l~

ri- '\ (()

~\)

Q

I

\ ~l

~~ ~

'

'J\ ....;

\

~ ~

~

\ '"'1--

~

~

Q_ ·

r

--..:'

·.£)

..r

"~"

;J.

-.....

""" .t \,)

......

V1

\..0

G

t>

K

I

I

(.::)

l

ti--

'{)

I

~

~

\ '\()

I ~

~

-:r

~

I~

'-.).

~"""

\.!)

\

6

~ >

•

--~ -

---

-- -

..,·' .!!

......_

-

-

----

'

-

)

-----

\

·--

(\

aximum specified tensile strength for P1 materials Group #1, 2, 3, and 4

',('~ .

~

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Codes • • • •

ASME B31.1 Power Piping ASME B31.3 Process Piping ASME B&PV Code Section VIII, Division 1 - Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels ASME PCC-2 Repair of Pressure Equipment and Piping

ASTM International Standards ASTM Standard Specifications for Steels • ASTM A20/A20M Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels • ASTM A53/A53M Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless • ASTM A105/A105M Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications • ASTM A106/A106M Standard Specification for Seamless Car bon Steel Pipe for HighTemperature Service • ASTM A240/A240M Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications • ASTM A312/A312M Standard Specification for Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes • ASTM A333/A333M Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for LowTemperature Service • ASTM A515/A515M Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Car bon Steel, for Intermediate- and Higher-Temperature Service • ASTM A516/A516M St andard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Moderate- and Lower-Temperature Service • ASTM A1008/1008M Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, Solution Hardened, and Bake Hardenable • ASTM A1040 Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steels • ASTM Passport to Steel Online Database ASTM Standard Test Method s for Steels • ASTM A370: Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products • ASTM E8/E8M St andard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials • ASTM E23 Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials • ASTM E45 Standard Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel • ASTM Elll Standard Test Method for Young's Modulus, Tangent Modulus, and Chord Modulus • ASTM E112 Standard Test Method for Determining the Average Grain Size • ASTM E132 Standard Test Method for Poisson's Ratio at Room Temperature • ASTM E399 Standard Test Method for Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness Testing of Metallic Materials • ASTM E1806 Standard Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI)

Notebook Page 513

ASTM St a n dard Terminology • ASTM A941 Standard Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys • ASTM E6 Standard Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing • ASTM E7 Standard Terminology Relating to Metallography • ASTM F2809 Standard Terminology Relating to Medical and Surgical Materials and Devices • NACE/ASTM G193 Standard Terminology and Acronyms Relating to Corrosion ASTM Corrosion Testing of Stainless Steels • A262 Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels • A380 Standard Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems • A763 Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Ferritic Stainless Steels • A923 Standard Test Methods for Detecting Detrimental Intermetallic Phase in Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless Steels • A967 Standard Specification for Chemical Passivation Treatments for Stainless Steel Parts • G78 Standard Guide for Crevice Corrosion Testing of Iron-Base and Nickel-Base Stainless Alloys in Seawater and Other Chloride-Containing Aqueous Environments • G35 Standard Practice for Determining the Susceptibility of Stainless Steels and Related NickelChromium-Iron Alloys to Stress-Corrosion Cracking in Polythionic Acids • G123 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Stress-Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Alloys with Different Nickel Content in Boiling Acidified Sodium Chloride Solution

ArcelorMittal USA A516 and A387 Pressure Vessel Steels: A Technical Overview http://pc.arcelormittal.com/NA/plateinformation/documents/en/lnlandflats/Prod uctBrochm·e/ARC ELORMI'l'TAL_PRESSURE_VESSEL.pdf

The Welding Institute (TWI) Job Knowledge Modules (119) www.twi.eo.uk/technical-k nowledge(job-knowledge

Damage Mechanisms References API 571 Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in the Refining Industry ASME Section II, Part D, Appendix A: Met allurgical Phenomena ASME B31.1, Appendix IV: Corrosion Control for ASME B31.1 Power Piping Systems ASME B31.3, Appendix F: Precautionary Considerations CSAZ662: Annex H (normat ive) - Pipeline failure records

©Codes an d Standards Tra ining Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 514

NBIC Part 1, Part 2 Inspection: Section 3 - Corrosion and Failure Mechanisms Section 6 - Supplements: S4.10 Photographs of Typical Conditions NACE Corrosion Article: Pipeline Failures in the Grizzly Valley Sour Gas Gathering System www .osti.gov/energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=500 1204

Technical Articles Pipeline Failures in the Grizzly Valley Sour Gas Gathering System Lawson V. B., Duncan C., Treseder R. S., NACE Materials Performance, 1988, vol. 27, no. 4 www .nace.org San Bruno PG&E Pipeline Plagued b y Poor Welding Katie Worth, SF E xaminer, 21 July 2011 www.sfexaminer.comllocallpeninsula/2011/07/local-pge-pipeline-plagued-poor-welding Brittle Fracture During Hydrostatic P ressure Test www.qaqc-construction.com/graphics/Hydro-Test_2.jpg Creep and Stress-R elaxation Test www. instron. us/walglossary/Creep-and-StressRelaxation-Test.aspx Remaining Life Assessment of Refinery Furnace Tubes Using Omega Simulations www. aiche-chkago.org/symposium06/wilks. pdf A Comprehensive Approach to Reformer Tube Insp ect ion and Assessment www .ndt.net/article/mendt03/shannon/shannon.htm F atigue Test www.instron.us/walapplications/test_types/fatigue/default.aspx More Lessons "R e-Learned" from Corrosion Under Insulation www.abiquim.org.br/congresso/cong .cd/fullpapers/P171748.doc Material Selection For Sour Service Environment www. pipelineandgasjournal.com/material-selection -souJ"-service-environment A Comprehensive Approach to Reformer Tub e Inspection and Assessment www.ndt.net/article/mendt03/shannon/shannon.htm Guidelines for the welded fabrication of nickel-containing stainless s teels for corrosion resistant services www .nickelinstitute.org/-/Media/f:i"'iles!I'echnicalLiterature/GuidelinesfortheWeldedFahricationofNic kelStainlessSteelsforCorrosionResistantService_l1007_.pdf

© Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 515

GE Betz Water Handbook www .gewat er.comlhandbooklindex.jsp The Hazards of Pressure Testing W\VW. tefkuwait.com/HazardsofPressureTesting.pdf Pipeline Failures in the Grizzly Valley Sour Gas Gathering System www.osti.gov/energycitationslproduct.biblio.jsp?osti_jd=5001204 ABSA Information Bulletin No. ffi07-003 May 2, 2007 Alert NPS 2 Class 3000 Screwed Couplings IML Industria Meccanica Ligure S.P.A. Heat Number 79168 www .absa .ca/IBindex!IB07-003Rl.pdf Proper Design and Fabrication of Socket Welds for Use in Sour Service by R.D. Caligiuri, L.E. Eiselstein, and L.N. Eastep Materials Science Forum Vols. 638-642 (2010) pp 3649-3654 www .scientific.net © (2010) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland DOl: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.638-642.3649

Videos Videos NORR Report, Appendix, Exhibit 03141-NL_E000013115 www .youtube.com/watch?v=qfDX3xA1QsY

ABSA ABSA Web Video 3 www.absa_ca/ABSA-Info/ABSAWebVideo3.flv

Casting Centifugal casting - dangerous process www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ZeLn7BT3qc Centrifugal Casting in EI Nasr Company www.youtube.com/watch?v=levxlKzqwcM Centrifugal Casting the Process w"""v .youtube.com/watch'?v=3qKGx_AxHpO

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST!) Notebook Page 516

Casting (continued) Deloro Stellite Investment Casting Process Feinguss Prozess www.youtube.corn/watch?v=9FPyEgatwnY Steelmaking: Continuous Casting Description: Corus-Continuos Casting www .youtube.com./watch?v=d-72gc6I-_E Titanium Investment Casting www .youtube.com/watch'?v=WXFRRg8YMTO Vertical Centrifugal Casting-VlOK Description: Cast Tube Production www .youtube.com/watch?v=OSNft6xyurc

Coating Corus-Coating Steel www .youtube.com/watch?v=U zoJoXvhcMY Thermal Spraying www .youtube.com/watch?v=C3sKsOKOPSY

D ownhole Technology Shale Fracking Process Description: Horizontal Shale Oil Drilling www .youtube.com/watch?v=qMzbf\v0d2jY

Fabrication Fabrication: Plates www.youtube.com/watch'?v=f4ao79hTHME Fabrication: Tee Splitting www .youtubo.com/watch?v=uxYcpte79FI How It's Made Stainless Steel Sinks Description: Stainless Steel Sink Drawing www.youtube.com/watch?v=DgAEpm3Jxag

© Codes and Sta ndards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 517

Fabrication (continued) Roll Forming Description: SME-Roll Forming www.youtube.com/watch?v=xGLHjyPdDBI Steelmaking: Seondary Steel Description: Corus-Secondary Steel wv.rw .youtube.com/watch ?v=wtsBRFlW2oQ Steelmaking: Shaping Steel Description: C01·us-Shaping Steel www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikTdPFnGP2w Steelmaking; Tube Manufacture www.youtnbe.com/watch?v=JDMin5vitgE

Forging fireballs - drop forging www .youtube .com/watch'?v':::::xmS3LgfdT7E Forging Description: SME-Forging www.yout-ube.com/watch'?v'=tLHkOupbARM

Heat Treatment Heat treatment experiment 316L stainless Description: Heat Treating and Magnetism www .youtube.com/watch'?v=vo3s0Whms2E Jominy End-Quench Test www .youtube.com/watch?v=q WOaUbTWtVM Martensitic transformation www .youtube.com/watch?v=OQ51VjYssko Oil Quench - Certified Steel Treating Corp. www.youtube.com/watch?v=8QOjMui7V90 Heat Treating Decription: SME - Heat Treating www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3bkZBJV7X8

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 518

NDE 125mm OD Tube Mill \vww .youtube.com/watch?v=RjQoyg5Vjsg Dacon illtrasonic Thickness Measurement wvlw .youtube .com/watch?v=NSKa8 UK_Ogl ERW Inspection www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ed90Ji83c.Js Knowledgefloater "Ultrasonic Measurement and Testing" www.youtube.com/watch?v=j4Kp5jFp3BU

Pipeline Exxon Pipeline Breaks in Arkansas.WMV www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=u:30m8U6VP3E

P ipe Making lOK Reformer Tube Production www .youtube.com/watch?v=jZwQOJbBta4 How Its Made Ductile Iron Pipe www .youtubo.com/watch?v=kJGlgSZe4k4 Plymouth Tube Company: Cold Drawn Tubing Process www.youtube.cornJwatch?v=zlueiHudt4k Seamless Pipe MiU.wmv Description: seam1ess pipe making- wrought by Danieli www .youtube.com/watch?v=a947wTtY5xc Seamless Pipe Production www .youtube.cornfwatch?v=cMgHG1NydD4 Spuncast - Centrifugal Casting and Stainless Steel Tubing Manufacturer Description: seamless pipe making- centrifugal casting www .youtube.com/watch?v=ptsRkOE4seA Steelmaking: Tube Manufacture www .youtube.com/watch?v=JDlVIln5vitgE

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST!)

Notebook Page 519

Powder Metallurgy Near-net shape product solutions based on powder metallurgy from Sandvik \VWW .youtube.com/watch?v=d.08'I'4Cfx9XI Powder Metallurgy Description: SME-Powder Metallurgy www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Mjsi2F2MrY

Steel Making

How It's Made Stainless Steel Description: stainless steel making process - Discovery/Science Channel www.youtube.com/watch?v=sTrvSXJW8zw NOTE : stainless steel making process (video) is the same as this one, except with a different narrator- unable to locate link for this version. STEEL: From Start to Finish Description: steel making by USS www.youtube.com/watch?v=9l7Jqon.yoKA Steelmaking wv..r\v.yo\ltube.com/watch?v=wAcnOpOHeCU Steelmaking Description: Steel Making with Ingot Casting www .youtube.com/watch?v=Ea_7Rnd8BTM Steelmaking: Blast Furnace Description: Corus-Blast Furnace W\VW .youtube.com/watch?v=Yov7ZOrMyHI Steelmaking: Raw Materials Description: Corus-Raw Materials www.youtube.com/watch?v=8x1Hf_U-lfo Steelmaking: Rolling www .youtube.com/watch?v=6xnKmt_gsLs Nitrofreeze Dry Ice Blast Cleaning Heat Treatment Equipment www.youtube.com/watch'?v=dW5pJ}"'ov4P:Nl Sand blasting Vs. Dry ice blasting www .youtube.com/watch?v=-TZnrEBfltQ

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 520

Vessels ASME Pressure Vessels ww\v .youtube.co.m/watch?v=uSFowT9H8XY Oversize Load to CNRL www .youtube.com/watch?v=zsLNOZK06Wc Pressure Vessel Demo www.youtube.com/watch?v=qPZATbrlyzc BEHROOZ MEHRI Simple Vertical Vessel Description: Simple Vertical Vessel www .youtube.com/watch?v=XjZxlRjjSai

Welding and Brazing Brazing and Soldering Description: SME-Furnace Brazing www.youtube.com/watch?v=3UBdlHIXegM Fronius CMT Advanced EnglischEnglish www.youtube.com/watch?v=_WrhWf9XLHM Pipe Friction Stir Welding wvvw.youtube.com/watch?v=niVs•.JPFlglY Laser weldingl Description: laser welding 304 ss wviw.youtube.com/watch?v=n-NUlppvR:3Y Learn to Weld and Fit Pipe in This Welding Home Study Course www .youtube .com/watch?v=eka2Z6TI'q K4 Titanium - GMAW CMT Fillet www .youtube.com/\vatch?v=n5XdmT ljFrk

©Codes and Standards Training Institute (CAST!)

Notebook Page 521

©Codes and Standards Trai ning Institute (CASTI) Notebook Page 522

Training Schedule

CAST/

2013

Codes and Standards Training Institute

Course Name

Date

Location

April15-20

Edmonton

April 22-27

Edmonton

April 23-26

Calgary

April 30-May 3

Edmonton

April 30-May 3

Calgary

May 7-10

Edmonton

May 14-17

Edmonton

May 28·31

Calgary

J une 11 -14

Edmonton

J une 24-29

Edmonton

September 17-20

Calgary

September 24-27

Calgary

API510 Pressure Vessel Inspector Exam Preparation - for Candidates Registered in the June Exam

API570 Piping Inspector Exam Preparation - for Candidates Registered in the June Exam

API RP 571 Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in the Refining Industry - for Engineers, Inspectors and Experienced Tradesmen

ASME Section IX - Welding Codes and Metallurgy Carbon/ Alloy Steels - for Engineers, Inspectors, and Experienced Tradesmen - Covers Alberta Welding Examiner Papers #2 and #4

CSAZ662 Construction and Inspection Requirements for Pipelines - for Pipeline Engineers, Operators, Contractors, and Inspectors

ASME 831 .3 Code Design Requirements for Process Piping - for Engineers and Designers

ASME Section VIII, Div. 1 Materials, Fabrication, Inspection, and Testing Requirements for Pressure Vessels - for Engineers, Inspectors and Experienced Tradesmen

ASME 831 .3 Materials, Fabrication, Insp ection, and Testing Requirements for Process Piping - for Engineers, Inspectors and Experienced Tradesmen

Introduction to ASME Pressure Equipment Codes ASME 83 1.1, 831 .3, 8&PV Sections IIA, IIC, Vlll-1, and IX - for the Novice Code User

CSA W1 78.2 Level 2 CLA Hybrid Training - for CSA W178.2 Level 2 Exam Preparation, including 2 Code Exams

NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 Parts 1 and 2 and NACE MR01 03 Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Materials for Sour Service - for Inspectors, Engineers, and Technolog ists

Welding Fundamentals - for Engineers, Inspectors, and Experienced Tradesmen - Covers Alberta Welding Examiner Papers #1 and #3

ASME Section VIII, Div. 1 Code Design Requirements for Pressure Vessels October 8-11 Calgary - for Engineers and Design ers The information shown here is subject to change without notice. Please visit www.casti.ca for the most recent information. In-House Training: In house training is a cost-effective way to provide customized training for small groups or whole departments with the convenience of having the training done at your facility or a nearby site and to accommodate your staff's schedule. CASTI can adapt the content of any of our standard open-enrollment courses to suit your requirements, or we can develop a bespoke course exclusively for you. Please Contact us to discuss in-house course options. Contact Us: Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI) Suite 205 - 10544 106 Street Edmonton AB T5H 2X6 www.casti.ca

phone: 780 424 2552 e-mail: [email protected] website: www.casti.ca ©CASTI 2013 Notebook Page 523

Notebook Page 524

Code Document Order Form

CAST/

ASME Codes for Alberta Welding Examiner

Codes and Standards Training Institute

Documents

Price Quantity Subtotal

Paper #1 Package ASME Section II, Part C (201 0 Edition and 2011 Addenda) Paper #2 Package ASME Section II, Part A (2010 Edition and 2011 Addenda): SA-106, SA-312, SA-333, SA-387 and SA-516 only Paper #3 Package ASME Section V (2010 Edition and 2011 Addenda) ASME Section IX (2010 Edition and 2011 Addenda): Part QW only ASME 831 .3 (2012 Edition): Chapter VI only Paper #4 Package ASME Section I (2010 Edituon and 2011 Addenda): Part PW only ASME Section VIII, Division 1 (2010 Edition and 2011 Addenda): Parts U, UG, UW, UCS, UHA, and UHT only ASME Section IX (201 0 Edition and 2011 Addenda): Part QW only ASME 831.1 (2010 Edition) : Chapter Vonly ASME 831 .3 (2012 Edition): Chapter V only

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Subtotal 5%GST

TOTAL NOTES AND CONDITIONS 1. All document orders must be pre-paid by VISA, MasterCard or Purchase Order. Please make purchase orders payable to: Codes and Standards Training Institute. GST Registration Number R1 32771981. 2 . All documents will be deliver-ed directly to the classroom. For other delivery options, please place document orders online at www.casti.ca 3. All documents are printed on 3-hole punched paper and are delivered as a shrink-wrapped set. 4. All prices are in Canadian funds and subject to change without notice. 5. ABSOLUTELY NO RETURNS ACCEPTED. PAYMENT INFORMATION

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Notebook Page 525

Notebook Page 526

CASTI Publishing Inc. In-Classroom Book Sale Order Form*

Educational Discount Pricing for CASTI Course Registrants 'SpeII-"-At~'Utv. ..IJ!lllf•f·lilt-mt-nbry.

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EasytoUse Show or Hide the search results tables to make it easier to view the data you want. A new "Show Specifications List" feature can display a only the specifications and titles allowing the user to review a list of specification documents in detail and to print that list if desired. Sort and select data for faster viewing with the easy-to-understand results page that d isplays: • Specification designation with year-date • Grade, class, type, symbol or steel name • UNS number. steel number, and/or ICS number • Product form, application, and full specification title • Complete chemical composition and mechanical properties • All special notes relating to the data The search results can be easily sorted, printed or copied and pasted into your favorite program, such as Microsoft Excel®, to save an electronic copy of the data. Reference Center The database includes access to a unique Reference Center providing valuable information for all steel users. The Reference Center includes selected standards, journal articles, related book chapters, hardness conversion tables, the Periodic Table, and a list of metal terms in English, Spanish, German, and French. User-Friendly for the Novice and Expert! Extensive tips, hints and FAQs provide valuable guidance with lots of practical examples. Help menu offers step-by-step instructions and p ractical examples for each feature. Hints and tips for searching, navigating , sorting data results, selecting data for display, and

printing search results, with clear examples. ...AND MORE USER FRIENDLY FEATURES!

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