• Author / Uploaded
• Ngoc Thaymo

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GERUND 1st. option

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INFINITIVE RULE OF THUMB

Gerunds are often used when actions are real, concrete or completed: I stopped smoking. (The smoking was real and happened until I stopped.) Infinitives are often used when actions are unreal, abstract, or future: I stopped to smoke. (I was doing something else, and I stopped; the smoking had not happened yet.)

FILL THE GAPS WITH EITHER AN INFINITIVE OR A GERUND ACCORDING TO THE RULE ABOVE: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

Why don’t you stop (work) ______________ and take a rest? The annoyed man threatened (call) __________________ the police. When we told him the plan, he agreed (join) ________________ our team. We can’t afford (buy) _____________ a new car. Do you enjoy (make) _____________ other people angry? This kind of sport involves (train) ____________ daily. If you have finished (have) __________ your lunch, clear the table, please. I had never anticipated (pay) ____________ so much for the redecoration. Everybody dislikes (do) ___________ exams. I was a bit lazy this time, but I promise (study) ____________ harder next time. He managed (fix) _____________ the TV set himself. If you want a quiet holiday, you should avoid (go) ____________ the coast in summer. Do you intend (get) _____________ fit? I admit (cheat) ____________ in the exam. I missed (have) _____________ dinner with my old school mates.

2nd option VERBS FOLLOWED BY -ING admit anticipate avoid consider delay deny detest dislike enjoy

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escape excuse finish forgive involve keep mention mind miss

STUDY LISTS OF VERBS pardon postpone practise risk stop suggest understand

It’s no use It isn’t worth can’t stand / resist can’t help

It’s no good

VERBS FOLLOWED BY TO- INFINITIVE agree appear arrange care decide

fail hesitate hope intend learn

manage prepare promise refuse seem

swear tend threaten afford

FINISH THE SENTENCES USING GERUND OR INFINITIVE AS NECESSARY:

1.

In this place there are rules to follow. If you want to be a member, you must swear …

2.

This is a very badly organized project, I will never consider …

3.

He never listens to other people’s advice. It’s no good …

4.

Some people are fashion victims. They tend …

5.

You know you must help at home. You won’t escape …

6.

He is an expert driver. He learned …

7.

Reliable friends are always there for you. They never fail …

8.

I can’t stand my boss. I have decided …

9.

I’m not sure why she left, but she mentioned …

10. If I don’t have anything interesting to do I don’t mind … 11. He only wants privacy. He can’t understand people … 12. Peter started going out with another girl. I will never forgive Peter … 13. I will have a very busy day tomorrow, however, I have arranged … 14. Although she isn’t a professional dancer, she practises … 15. I love Scotland. I hope … 16. My box of chocolates disappeared. My little brother admitted … 17. That part of the town is very dangerous. I never risk … 18. We like Italy so much that we keep … 19. He looks worried. He seems … 20. I hate crowded roads. I can’t stand …

PAGE 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

WORKING TO CALL TO JOIN TO BUY MAKING TRAINING HAVING PAYING

9. DOING 10. TO STUDY 11. TO FIX 12. GOING 13. TO GET 14. CHEATING 15. HAVING PAGE 2 SUGGESTIONS 1. to follow our rules 2. taking part in it 3. advising him 4. to follow fashion all the time 5. helping me with the housework 6. to drive many years ago 7. to help you 8. to look for another job 9. having an appointment or something 10. staying at home 11. asking him personal questions 12. leaving me in such a way 13. to meet you at 6.30 14. dancing every day 15. to go there again soon 16. eating all of them 17. going there alone 18. going there every summer 19. to have some problem 20. driving in the rush hour