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• ERICK DAMIAN FLOREZ PALACIO

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WEEK 11. SCANNING I.- First look at the text below. Try to guess the missing words. Then listen to the audio and fill the gaps. Finding information quickly How much information is there on the internet ? In your daily newspaper ? On the Television and the radio? These days we have so much Information that it is difficult to find the one piece of information we need. This might be a date, a math Formula , a person's Name or a telephone number . Often the best way of finding this information in a book or on a webpage is to scan. Scanning means moving your eye very quickly over a text looking for just one piece of information. This is what you are going to practice in this unit. II.- Read the text below. Scanning your email... You need to find some information in an email. You know the email arrived in the last few days and is in your inbox. You look at your inbox. You can see three pieces of information about each email: From, Date and Subject. FROM DATE Baggins 15/04 Mike P 15/04 Angel 15/04 gabby 15/04 Dell Inc 15/04 Vits Online 15/04 Lionel 15/04 eBay 15/04 How do you scan your inbox to find the information you need?

SUBJECT Book search Your email Rent increase Mr. Needhams homework Special Offer on Laptops Medication Party Saturday 21st Thank you for your order

III.- Answer the questions on the right by scanning the email inbox on the left. FROM DATE SUBJECT 1.- Which date did Rachel send an email? 15/04 MAJ Janet Esther Ian Lee Accounts Bill Jones Source Mick Wild Rachel Mary Lee Aviv Wax Surachet Alise Tyl Anong IT News Wendy lo defeng GreenEasy PT Corben Diana Ip Simon p. Yasmin David Dunn Geoffhill Alison Stables TJ young Wan zahrah

14/04 14/04 14/04 14/04 14/04 14/04 14/04 15/04 15/04 15/04 15/04 15/04 15/04 15/04 15/04 15/04 15/04 15/04 15/04 16/04 16/04 16/04 16/04 16/04 16/04 16/04 16/04 16/04

Meeting with Jo March accounts Our meeting Prices Expenses claims East Timor Additional service Software test Accounts - again! Hotel booking Meeting in Bahrain Books ROLEX WATCH!!! Price enquiry April issue Exhibition notes Sponsorship Order confirmation Next week O&C Newsletter Running photo Thanks Dinner on 25th Summer pix Happy birthday Boat on Sunday Man of the year Lionel called

2.- Which date did the East Timor email arrive? 14/04 3.- Which date did Yasmin write?

15/04

4.- Who wrote about the hotel booking? Mary lee 5.- Who wrote about East Timor? Bill Jones 6.- Who wrote to offer a Rolex watch? Alise tyl 7.- What is the subject of Wendy’s email? Exhibition notes 8.- What is the subject of Surachet’s email? Books 9.- What is the subject of Geoffhill’s email? Summer Pix 10.- When is Linda’s birthday? 16/04

IV.- Each of the questions below includes a gap. Fill in the gaps.

THE BAG OF NATURE 1.- Does this cereal contain nuts? Ingredients Not Organic brown rice flour, sugar cane juice, sea salt, 2.- How many calories are there in one serving? rice, bran, raisins Produced in a facility that contains peanuts, tree nuts ______110g and soy. 3.- How many grams of trans fat are there in one serving? NUTRITION FACTS ( Per 30g serving) Calories 110 0g Calories from fat 15 4.- One serving contains what % daily value of Sodium? % daily value* 9% Total fats 1.5g 2% Saturated fat 0g 0% 5.- Is this cereal produced in a factory containing soy? Trans fat 0g 0% yes Cholesterol 0g 0% Sodium 210mg 9% Total Carbohydrates 24g 8% 6.- One serving contains what % daily value of fat? Dietary fiber 2g 8% 2% Sugars 3g Protein 2g 7.- One serving contains how may grams of protein? Vitamin A 6% 2g Vitamin C 0% Calcium 2% 8.- Does this cereal contain salt? Iron 4% Yes *Percentage daily requirements are based on a 2000 calorie diet V.- How useful is scanning? Look at the ten examples of scanning below. Drag down the correct text to complete each example. -contents page

-bank statement

-map

- price list

-online directory - email inbox

-diary - food label

-text book - dictionary

1 You scan a "food label" to find ingredients. 2 You scan a "dictionary" to find a word you don't know. 3 You scan a "bank statement" to see if a payment has come in. 4 You scan an "online directory " for a doctor's name and number. 5 You scan a "contents page" to find out what information the book contains. 6 You scan an "email inbox " for an email from a friend. 7 You scan a "text book" for information you have forgotten. 8 You scan a "map " to find out exactly where a town is. 9 You scan a "diary" for your next doctor's appointment. 10 You scan a "price list " on a website to find the price of the cheapest VI.- Your friend, Linda Peters, has left a bag at your house. It has her bank statement in it. She needs some information as quickly as possible. Look at the bank statement and scan it to answer her questions.

1 Linda: How much did I take out on 5 July?

You: 5 July? It was $ 200.

2 Linda: Has the payment from Macmooney arrived?

You: Yes, it came on 31 July.

3 Linda: How much was it for?

You: $480.

4 Linda: Good. Did I take any money out in Swansea?

You: Yes, you took out $100.

5 Linda: Right. And how much was my MasterCard bill?

You: It was $423.

6 Linda: Oh dear. Now, $85 seems to have disappeared.

You: Yes, it went to . NEWPORT COUNCIL

7 Linda: What date was my Oxfam payment?

You: It was for $18 on 10 July.

8 Linda: OK. And how much money do I have now?

You: Well, the balance on 31 July says $ 967.20

Newport Credit Bank Statement Ms Linda Peters 14 Western Parade. Newport DATE

TYPE

31 Jul 28 Jul

TFR ATM

23 Jul 21 Jul 17 Jul 17 Jul

DD DD CR ATM

17 Jul 12 Jul

TFR ATM

10 Jul 10 Jul 09 Jul 09 Jul

SO DD CR ATM

07 Jul 05 Jul

TFR ATM

02 Jul 01 Jul

SO TFR

DESCRIPTION FROM MACMOONEY CASH NCB JUL28 NEWPORT SW @13:24 NEWPORT COUNCIL MASTERCARD PAID IN AT 402212 CASH NCB JUL17 NEWPORT SW @12:07 FROM T. LILLEY CASH NCB JUL12 NEWPORT SW @11:46 OXFAM MORTGAGE PAYMENT PAID IN AT 402212 CASH NCB JUL09 SWANSEA @21:09 PAID IN 402212 CASH NCB JUL05 NEWPORT SW @11:52 SW WATER SALARY JUNE

PAID OUT

PAY IN 480.00

60.00 85.00 423.88

BALANCE $ Type 967.20

120.52

487.20 547.20 632.20 1,056.08

100.00

935.56 1,435.56

500.00 200.00 18.00 328.80 62.60

1,335.56 1,535.56 1,553.56 1,882.36

100.00 35.00

1,819.76 1,919.76

200.00 132.55

1,884.76 2,084.76 2217.31

1,400.00

WEEK 12.- GUESSING WORDS YOU DON’T KNOW. I.- Read the text below. Vocabulary: Read this sentence: Let me tell you about life in my town. It's a small settlement called Rankin Inlet. What does settlement mean? Can you guess? In this unit you'll practice guessing the meanings of words you don't know. Reading: You are going to read a letter from a student in Canada to a pen friend in Taiwan. Writing: Finally, you'll write a letter telling a pen friend about life in your country. II.- In the next exercise you will read a letter from an Inuit teenager. The Inuit live in northern Canada. Read about their history and guess what the boldfaced words mean. Drag down the meanings to match each sentence. Do not use a dictionary.

-money

-far from other places

the layer covering an animal's body

- difficult

-an area of land

-a person who finds and kills animals

-an old story - rich

1 The Canadian Arctic is one of the most remote places in the world. It is thousands of miles from the nearest big city. Remote means "far from other places ". 2 The Arctic has very few plants, so the Inuits became hunters. Hunter means "a person who finds and kills animals". 3 They used animal skins for clothes, blankets and boats. Skins means "the layer covering an animal's body ". 4 The Inuit have many legends that say where they came from. One of these legends is about Malina, the sun goddess. Legend means "an old story". 5 In the 1950s, the Canadian government moved the Inuit to villages. The Inuit were not used to living in villages and had a tough time. Tough means "difficult". 6 The Inuit now have their own territory called Nunavut, which means 'our land' in Inuktitut, the Inuit language. Territory means "an area of land ". 7 The Inuit in Nunavut own the wealth that comes from the land, including oil, animals and fish. Wealth means "rich". 8 They hope they will become a prosperous people and will be able to build good houses, schools and hospitals. Prosperous means “money " III.- Read the letter. Then find words from the text to match the meanings below. Do not use a dictionary. Try to guess the meanings from the words around them. Dear Marina, Thank you for your letter. Yes, I would like to be your pen friend very much. Your letter was very interesting. I can't imagine living in a hot country like Taiwan! Let me tell you about life in my town. Well, it's a small settlement called Rankin Inlet. It's in the Northwest Territories of Canada, next to the Hudson Bay. A few thousand people live in Rankin Inlet. Most of us are Inuit people, but there are also some from Scotland and other places. A few Inuits still live in igloos (houses made of ice) or tents, but most now live in wooden houses. It's really cold here for much of the year. Winter is from October to April, and the temperature is about minus 40 degrees. Sometimes polar bears walk through our streets then! We have one hotel in our settlement, one big superstore, a school and a couple of shops. Planes come once or twice a week, bringing all the supplies for the shops. After school, a lot of kids go to one of the shops and hang out. It's very popular because in this shop they have a pool table, video games, table football and lots of other games to play. Our school is pretty good, and we have some great teachers. We learn the same things as other Canadian students, but we can also learn our own Inuit language. Some of our lessons are on videos these days, and we have computers connected to the Internet too. In this way, we can make contact with people all around the world. Sometimes visitors come to our settlement, especially during the summer. They say it is strange here, because we do not have any trees or gardens. But this is my home and so I am used to it. In the winter, it is very beautiful, with lots of snow on the ground. Even in the summer, it is so cold that you can play ice hockey outside. When I leave school, I want to go to university, because my ambition is to become a doctor. That will be a big change in my life, and I will miss my home a lot. Even though it is lonely here sometimes, it is a pretty cool place - in lots of ways! Write soon and tell me more about your life in Kaohsiung. Best wishes, Jessie 1.- A person in a different country who you write letters to but usually don’t meet Pen Friend 2.- Have a picture of something in your mind, e.g. I ‘ve never been to England but I can Imagine it 3.- A group of houses or a very small town Settlement

4.- Houses made of cloth or animal skin tens 5.- A big white animal that eats fish and meat and lives in the snow. Polar bears 6.- A very big shop that sells everything Superstore 7.- Things that people need every day. Supplies 8.- Go somewhere with your friends and spend time there hand out 9.- A lot of people like it. E.g. basketball is a very Popular sport. 10.- The thing you most want to do in life. E.g. My ambition is to be a singer. IV.- READ THE TEXT AGAIN, AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS 1.- Why is Jessie writing to Marina? a.- to make a new friend b.- to invite her to Canada 2.- Do you think this is her first letter? 3.- Most of her letter is about? a.- herself b.- her town 4.- How many people live in Rankin Inlet? a.-about 30 b.- about 800 5.-In total how many shops are there in Rankin Inlet? a.-One b.- two 6.- How do new supplies arrive in Rankin Inlet? a.- by sea b.- by air 7.- The lessons in Jessie’s school are in…… a.- English b.- Inuit 8.- Jessie says there are no trees in Rankin Inlet. She finds this …… a.-strange b.- normal 9.- Jessie wants to go to university in Rankin Inlet 10.- Jessie thinks Rankin Inlet is …

c.-Because she is a friend a.- yes

b.- no

c.- her family

d.- her friends

c.- about 2000

d.- about 4000

c.- three

d.- four

c.- by road

d.- by river

c.- Canadian

d.- English and Inuit

c.- interesting a.- true a.- a boring place to live

d.- sad b. false b.- a fun place to live

V.- In a previous exercise you guessed the meaning of words you didn't know. Now look at words you probably know.

Complete the text below using the boldfaced words. -email

-summer

- rain

-ice

-apartments

-sister

-children

–rivers

- clean

-visit

Dear Jessie Thank you for your "email ". Rankin Inlet sounds amazing - I just can't imagine having " ice " on the rivers all the year round! Taiwan is a hot place. In the " summer " the temperature can be 35 degrees. Summer is the typhoon season. A typhoon is a very strong wind which brings a lot of "rain ". The wind blows down trees and street signs. The rain fills up the "rivers ". Sometimes we cannot go out in the street because the street is like a river! Kaohsiung is a big city in the south of Taiwan. Most people do not have houses; they live in "apartments". I live in an apartment with my family - my two parents, two brothers and one "sister". It is quite unusual to have such a big family in Taiwan. Most families have just one or maybe two "children". We have just three bedrooms in our apartment, so it is crowded. The nicest part of Taiwan is the east coast. There are mountains and beaches and the air is very "clean". We love to go there on holiday because it is very different from Kaohsiung. That's just a short email about my town. Please tell me more about your family and your life in Canada. Maybe one day I will "visit". That would be wonderful! Best wishes. Marina VI.- Write your own pen friend letter.

A pen friend letter Now write a letter introducing yourself to a pen friend in another country. Option 1 Ask your teacher to help you find a pen friend you can write to by email, or click www.globalpenfriends.com Option 2 Imagine that you are writing to a student in Sweden called Birgit. Write about: - Yourself - your family - your friends - the food in your country - your town - your country - your hobbies From: Erick Damian Florez Palacio to: Birgit Hi, Birgit, I am Erick Damian Florez Palacio, I’m 20 years old, I’m student of electronic From Univalle, I’m on first Semester, I have black hair, brow eyes and I have an avenger stature. I Have big family, I have 4 brothers and 2 sisters, a total of 6 siblings, My mother is 45 years old, she is a Business administrator, My father is a police pensioner and I have a dog and its name is Athenea, she is part of the family. I am not friendly, so I do not have any friends. the food in my country is delicious, I mean it is really good. I love to eat marranita. That plate is made of banana, pork rind, sausage and wheat flour. It's really easy to prepare. My town is Tulua from Colombia. My town is very funny, their inhabitants are very diverse. I living in Colombia, is Country interesting and bellyful and Its landscapes are incredible. My biggest hobby is Studying and Training

Guessing unknown words How to guess the meaning of unknown words. Whenever you read extended texts in English, you will come across words which you do not know. Even native speakers will not know all the words when they are reading. Your instinct is probably to look up the unfamiliar words in a dictionary. If you do this for each word, however, it will take you a great deal of time, and you may never reach the end of the text. You therefore need to develop strategies for dealing with unknown words. How to deal with unknown words

There are two questions to ask yourself whenever you meet an unfamiliar word. The first question is: 'Do I need to know the meaning of the word?' If not, you can keep reading and ignore the word. In order to answer this question, you need to make sure you have a clear purpose in your reading. The second question you need to ask is: 'Is an approximate meaning enough?' If not, you need to look the word up in a dictionary. If the answer to both questions above is 'no', it means you can guess what the word means then keep reading. Use the following to help you guess an approximate meaning: - examine the immediate context of the word (i.e. the sentence in which it appears, and words which come before and after); pay particular attention to linking words; - examine the wider context of the word (i.e. other sentences in the paragraph); - look at the structure of the word (i.e. prefix, suffix, root). - The approach to unfamiliar words is summarised in the diagram below. Kee p read ing

Do I need to know the meaning of the word?

Is an approximate meaning enough? Use a dictio nary

Use the following to help you guess the meaning:  1.-Immediate context (other words in the sentences) 2.- Wider context (other sentences in the paragraph) 3.- Prefix, suffix, root

Using context When you guess the meaning of a word from context, you need to consider first the immediate context, i.e. the other words in the sentence. If this is not enough, you need to use the wider context, i.e. sentences which come before and after the one which contains the word you are guessing. 1.-Immediate context

Consider the following sentence: Although the company's income from sales was higher than expected, its high costs in the form of salaries and other overheads put it in a disadvantageous position. Imagine the word you want to guess in this sentence is 'disadvantageous' (it doesn't matter if you already know this word - this is just an example). The immediate context of the word tells you the following: it is probably an adjective, because it comes before a noun ('position') it is probably negative, because it relates to 'high costs', which are not usually good for a company it is probably negative, because the sentence begins with 'although', a contrast marker, so the idea in the second clause contrasts with the first clause, which is positive ('high income' is good for a company) A good guess for the word at this point would be 'bad'. This is probably close enough for you to understand the main idea, and you would be able to keep reading. 2.-Wider context Now consider the following paragraph: Although the company's income from sales was higher than expected, its high costs in the form of salaries and other overheads put it in a disadvantageous position. This was one of the main reasons why the company folded. This put all two hundred of its employees out of work. Imagine the word you want to guess this time is 'folded' (this is a common word, but it has a special meaning in this sentence). The immediate context of the word does not tell you much: it is clearly a verb, but it is difficult to determine more than this using only the sentence it occurs in. To guess the meaning, you need to use the wider context, i.e. the sentences which come before and after. Using these, you can tell the following: it is probably negative, because it is the result of the company's 'disadvantageous (bad) position' it is something which can happen to companies it resulted in all of the company's employees being 'out of work' From this, you can guess that the word means something like 'stopped' or 'stopped doing business' (because no one works there any more). In fact, 'to fold' in this context means '(of a company etc.) to close because it is not successful'. 3.-Using prefix, suffix, root Again consider the following sentence:

Although the company's income from sales was higher than expected, its high costs in the form of salaries and other overheads put it in a disadvantageous position. Imagine (again) that the word you want to guess in this sentence is 'disadvantageous'. This word can be broken down into three components: dis-, which is the prefix; advantage, which is the root; and -ous, which is the suffix. You can get the following information by studying the word in this way: it is probably an adjective, because it ends in -ous, which is a common suffix for adjectives it is probably negative, because it begins with a negative prefix disits meaning is probably opposite to the root of the word, advantage As before, a good guess for the word at this point would be 'bad'. Again, this would be close enough to allow you to understand the main idea and keep reading. Note-taking Making notes from texts Taking notes, both when reading texts and when listening to lectures or presentations, is an essential aspect of student life. Note-taking for reading has many areas in common with notetaking when listening, for example the need to identify main ideas, to distinguish main from supporting details, to make your notes clear and concise, and to be sure about your purpose before you begin note-taking. There are, however, some important differences, such as the need to skim for main ideas before reading and to be critical while reading and making notes. This page considers the basics of note-taking while reading. Basics of note-taking Below are some tips for making effective notes from reading texts. These include actions to take before making notes (points 1-4), while making notes (points 5-9) and after making notes (point 10). Before note-taking Be clear about your purpose. This will affect not only how but how much of the text you read. Reading for an assignment will probably need quite detailed notes, though perhaps for only part of the text; in contrast, reading to prepare for a lecture might result in much briefer notes, with a list of key vocabulary. Be a critical reader. This starts before you begin reading by making judgements about the author, the intended audience and how trustworthy the source is. This information could potentially reveal that the text is one you should not be reading or making notes for. Survey or skim through the text first. This will help you to get a general idea of the text, which makes taking notes easier. You may also find that only part of the text relates to your purpose,

in which case you can engage in selective note-taking by making notes for only a section of the text. Read the text actively. This means engaging with the text in order to understand what it contains, for example by highlighting key words and phrases, making annotations in the margin, testing yourself as you read, or reading critically by asking questions about the text. During note-taking Make a note of the source. It is best to put this at the top of the first page, with full details of the author, title, year of publication, etc. This is especially important if you plan to use this text in your writing, as you will need to cite it to avoid plagiarism. It is much easier to make a note of source details before you begin note-taking than to try to find the text again later. Make a note of the main points, using an appropriate style. You will need to decide what style of notes, either linear or pattern notes, best suits the text and your own preferences. Using color or highlighting can also help to make your notes more memorable. Keep your notes clear and concise. Pay attention to transition signals as you read in order to understand the connection between ideas, for example a cause/effect relationship, comparison, contrast, etc. Remember also that these are notes, so keep them brief, with enough space so you can add more detail later. Try to use your own words. This will not only help you understand the meaning, but will also assist you in avoiding plagiarism if you use the information in your writing. Make sure your notes clearly distinguish between ideas in the text and your own ideas. If you have read critically and added annotations, you will probably want to include these in your notes. However, you need to make a clear distinction between the writer's ideas and your own, especially when you are using the information in your writing (your ideas do not need citations). After note-taking File the notes carefully. You will probably want to be able to access the notes later, so make sure you are able to. Checklist Below is a checklist for taking notes, based on the ideas above. Use it to help guide you in your note-taking, or to check someone else's notes. Checklist Below is a checklist for taking notes, based on the ideas above. Use it to help guide you in your note-taking, or to check someone else's notes.

Timing

Item OK? Comment

Before note-takingI have a clear purpose for making notes. I have used critical reading skills such as considering who the author is and how reliable the source is. I have surveyed the text or skimmed through it to understand the main points. I have read the text actively, for example by underlining main points or making annotations in the margin. During note-takingI have made a note of the source at the top of the page (name, title, etc.). I have used an appropriate style (linear or pattern). My notes are clear and concise. I have used my own words. The ideas of the writer are easily distinguishable from my own ideas. After note-taking I have filed my notes for easy retrieval later.

References

Taylor, A., Reid, M., Turner, J. and Shahabudin, K. (n.d.) Making useful notes. Available at: http://www.reading.ac.uk/web/files/sta/A5_Research_2_Making_useful_notes.pdf (Access Date 20 December, 2016).

The University of Nottingham (n.d.) Studying Effectively. Available at: https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/studyingeffectively/reading/notetaking/index.aspx (Access Date 20 December, 2016).

Wallace, M.J. (1980) Study Skills in English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Pres