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• Silvia Rueda

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Unit 6: ELECTRICITY AND INVENTIONS Important vocabulary Electric shock, descarga eléctrica kite string, hilo de la cometa tie, atar light bulb, bombilla rub, frotar repel, repeler static electricity, electricidad estática coil, bobina electrical conductor, conductor eléctrico, electromagnet, electroimán flow, flujo magnetic field, campo magnético plug, enchufe socket, zócalo wire, alambre switch, interruptor symbol, símbolo fuse, fusible fuse box, caja de fusibles pylon, pilón kinetoscope, kinetoscopio supply. suministro

VOCABULARIO

String = cuerda.

High voltage = alto voltaje.

Electric shock = descarga eléctrica.

Electrical conductor = conductor .

Atom = átomo.

Painful = doloroso.

Electron = electrón.

Magnetic field = campo magnético.

Proton = protón.

To wind = enrollar.

Nucleus = núcleo.

Coil = bobina, espiral.

Electric charge = carga eléctrica.

Iron = hierro.

Static electricity = electricidad estática.

To squeeze = estrujar/exprimir.

To rub = frotar.

Electric circuit = circuito eléctrico.

Positively-charged = con carga positiva.

Loop = bucle, círculo.

To repel = repeler.

Simple circuit = circuito sencillo.

Air pollution = contaminación del aire.

Series circuit = circuito en serie.

Factory = fábrica.

Parallel circuit = circuito en paralelo.

Dust = polvo.

To switch on = conectar.

Grid = red

To switch off = desconectar.

Convection = convención.

Power station = central (eléctrica).

Polystyrene = poliestireno.

Pylon = poste.

Electric current = corriente eléctrica.

Fuse box = cuadro eléctrico.

To flow = desplazarse, circular.

Flood = inundación.

To plug = enchufar.

Electric supply = suministro eléctrico.

Socket = enchufe.

Candle = vela.

Switch = interruptor. Wire = cable.

Motion picture = imágenes en movimiento. Kinetoscope = quinetoscopio.

Eel = anguila.

Phonograph = fonógrafo.

Predator = depredador.

Interactive whiteboard = pizarra digital.

Relevant sentences and important information An atom is made up of the nucleus, made up of protons (positively charged) and neutron. And the electrons that revolve around the nucleus. They are constantly moving. They have a negative charge. Un átomo está formado por el núcleo, formado por protones (con carga positiva)y neutrones. Y los electrones que giran alrededor del núcleo. Están en constante movimiento. Tienen carga negativa. Static electricity is the movement of electrons between two materials when we rub them together. Some factories produce dust and particles that cause air pollution. Static electricity can be used to remove them. La electricidad estática es el movimiento de electrones entre dos materiales cuando los frotas entre sí. Algunas fábricas producen polvo y partículas que causan la contaminación del aire. La electricidad estática puede ser utilizada para eliminarlos. Electric current is the movement, or flow, of electrons between atoms. When we plug an electric machine into a socket, electric current flows along the wire into the machine. When electric current flows through wires, a magnetic field is produced. This happens because negatively charged electrons are moving through the wire. An electric circuit is a closed loop or circle. Electricity only flows if the circuit is closed. La corriente eléctrica es el movimiento, o flujo, de electrones entre átomos. Cuando enchufamos una máquina eléctrica en un enchufe, la corriente eléctrica fluye a lo largo del alambre en la máquina. Cuando la corriente eléctrica fluye a través de cables, se produce un campo magnético. Esto sucede porque los electrones cargados negativamente se mueven a través del cable. Un circuito eléctrico es un circuito cerrado o círculo. La electricidad fluye sólo si el circuito está cerrado. Electricity is generated in power stations. From there, it travels along big cables to our homes. Pylons help these cables away from people and

things on the ground. At the place where electricity enters our house, there is a fuse box. From the fuse box, the electricity travels through wires to all the light switches and sockets in our home. La electricidad se genera en centrales eléctricas. A partir de ahí, se desplaza a lo largo de grandes cables a nuestros hogares. Los pilones ayudan a que estos cables estén alejados de las personas y las cosas. En el lugar donde la electricidad entra en nuestra casa, hay una caja de fusibles. Desde la caja de fusibles, la electricidad viaja a través de cables a todos los interruptores de luz y enchufes de nuestra casa. The most important Thomas Edison´s inventions are the phonograph, the electric light bulb, the kinetoscope,.. The phonograph was a machine that recorded sounds. He wasn´t the first person to invent a light bulb but he was the first to invent a light bulb that produced light for a long period of time. The kinetoscope was the first motion picture camera. Edison built the first scientific laboratory where he invented many important machines. Los inventos más importantes de Thomas Edison son el fonógrafo, la bombilla eléctrica, el kinetoscopio, .... El fonógrafo era una máquina que grababa sonidos. No fue la primera persona a inventar una bombilla pero él fue el primero en inventar una bombilla que produjera luz durante un largo período de tiempo. El kinetoscopio fue la primera cámara de cine. Edison construyó el primer laboratorio científico donde realizó importantes inventos.

Benjamin Franklin: 1752 - He did a dangerous experiment and discovered that electricity could be controlled. Electricity: is a form of energy. All matter is made up of microscopic atoms. Electricity is formed when a part of each atom, alled electron, moves from one atom to the other. Parts of the atom: 1. Nucleus: made up of protons (positive charge) and neutrons. 2. Electrons (negative charge): revolve around the nucleus. Static electricity: is the movement of electrons between two materials. Electrons can move easily when we rub them together. Electric current: is the movement, or flow, of electrons between atoms. when we plug an electric machine into a socket, electric current flows along the wire into the machine. Electrical conductors: some types of matter that have electrons that move easily from one atom to another. E.g. metal. Types of circuits:

1. Simple circuit: a simple circuit forms a circle. It has a battery, a bulb, a switch and the wire. 2. Series circuit: it also formas a circle. It has a battery, two bulbs, a switch and the wire. 3. Parallel circuit: forms two or more circles, one bigger that the other. Each circuit has a light bulb. How does electricity get to our homes? Power Stations ------ > Cables------> Fuse box -------> Wires -------> Light switches / Sockets. Thomas Edison: American inventor. Inventions: 1. Light bulb (1879): he wasn't the first person to invent a light bulb, but he was the first that created one that produced light for a long period of time. 2. Kinetoscope (1888): the first motion picture camera. 3. Phonograph (1877): a machine that recorded sound.

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