• Author / Uploaded
• Susana Distance

Citation preview

What's the time? Can you tell me (what the time is)? Is this the right way to the station? Do you know (if this is the right way to the station)? Has the film started? Could you tell me (if the film has started)? Why are you so late? Would you mind telling me (why you are so late)? How did you manage to get here? Can you tell me (how you managed to get here)? Where are the toilets? Have you any idea (where the toilets are)? Was Jonathan at the party too? Do you know (if Jonathan was at the party too)? Have you ever been on TV? Could you tell me (if you have ever been on TV)?

Chess dice - not selected (selected) knight - not selected pawn - not selected cards - not selected (selected) board - not selected squares - selected (not selected) Backgammon points - not selected dice - not selected board - not selected cards - not selected (selected) timer - selected checkers - not selected Pictionary cards - not selected timer - not selected pencils - not selected money - not selected (selected) bishop - selected squares - not selected Trivial Pursuit die - not selected board - selected (not selected) pencils - not selected (selected) squares - not selected houses - not selected (selected) cards - not selected Monopoly cards - not selected

board - not selected timer - selected money - not selected checkers - not selected (selected) houses - not selected Scrabble cards - not selected (selected) board - not selected dice - not selected (selected) letter tiles - not selected triple letter score - not selected double word score - not selected

The presidential debate ended up as a (zero-sum game). My mum plays bridge a lot, but I don't enjoy (card games). In chess, the (end game) is the stage of the game when there are only a few pieces left on the board. Norway's football coach had no (game plan) to stop the talented Brazilian players. Trivial Pursuit and Monopoly are two of the most popular (board games) in the world. War of Rights is a (multi-player game) set in the American Civil War. A

What's your favourite (game show)?

B

Wheel of Fortune.

Toronto will be hosting the 2016 NBA (All-Star game).

The painting at the Louvre Museum (0) most tourists want to see is the Mona Lisa. Cupertino is the city in California (where) Apple is based. I didn't get the job (that) I applied for. The car (whose) owner died was sold for £2,000. It's hard to find people (who) aren't selfish. Where's the shop (that) sells maple syrup? This is the building (where) my wife works. The film (that) we watched last night was really exciting.

spicy (milk) rotten (salt) bitter (fish) savoury (vinegar) bland (grape) ripe (snack) fresh (nuts) sour (sugar) stale (apple) sweet (salt)

The Swedish ready-to-assemble furniture company has banned events created on Facebook inviting people to go to its stores to play hide-and-seek. xd (5) In Amsterdam, teams of five would all wear yellow shirts and they would have to find five hiding people dressed in red shirts. The first team to find the people wearing red shirts would win. 'We are happy that our customers want to have fun with friends and family,' an IKEA spokeswoman told reporters. 'Unfortunately, the numbers got out of hand. d (6) Safety comes first.' Last summer, IKEA offered the chance to play the children's game at one of its stores in Belgium. The idea of a hide-and-seek game had been around for years. A fan page called I would love to play hide-and-seek in IKEA! from 2010 has about 130,000 Facebook likes. Last summer, 29-year-old blogger Elise de Rijck wrote down a list of 30 things to do before her 30th birthday, which included throwing a pie in someone's face, having a mud fight and playing hide-andseek at her local IKEA store. Elise explained that she had only created a Facebook event for friends, but then hundreds of people started joining. IKEA contacted her to let her know that they wanted to organise the event. 'They had to spend money hiring extra staff and security, but it brought them a lot of publicity,' Elise said. d (4) Many people posted pictures and comments on social media to show how much fun they had had. Organisers are now looking for alternative buildings for the game. d (3)

Around 19,000 people were expected to play hide-and-seek in Amsterdam. (TRUE) An IKEA spokesperson said the company was against the idea because people may get lost. (FALSE) The idea to play hide-and-seek at an IKEA store first came from Elise de Rijck. (FALSE) IKEA thought that the Belgium event was a good business opportunity. (TRUE) Hide-and-seek may be played in the future at a different location. (TRUE)

Listening to music with no lyrics (Listening to music while doing other daily activities) Listening to music while doing other daily activities (How the brain works) Listening to music before you start studying (Listening to music with no lyrics) Other types of sound How the brain works (Listening to music before you start studying)

listening to music when we study is good for learning. (FALSE) listening to music with no lyrics is less damaging for learning than listening to music with lyrics. (TRUE)

hearing noise from the street is definitely more damaging for learning than listening to music on your headphones. (FALSE) listening to music right before you start studying can help learning. (TRUE) doing sport right before you start studying can be damaging for learning. (FALSE)

You haven't been waiting long, (have you)? He won't tell her, (will he)? It was a very difficult exam, (wasn't it)? You missed me, (didn't you)? Let's order a pizza, (shall we)? You don't like spicy food, (do you)? You have made your bed, (haven't you)? You love him, (don't you)? You didn't give it to her, (did you)? They weren't at the concert, (were they)?

KAWL

(WALK)

URN

(RUN)

LLORTS (STROLL) PLIM

(LIMP)

GOJ

(JOG)

CHARM (MARCH) TRINPS (SPRINT) TIRDSE (STRIDE)

Masked (robbers) held up the bank at gunpoint. (ROB) The (kidnappers) asked for a €100,000 ransom. (KIDNAP) The police are looking for two suspects in connection with multiple (burglaries) in the neighbourhood. (BURGLE) The (mugger) took the lady's purse and mobile phone. (MUG) The latest figures show that (shoplifting) is on the rise. (SHOPLIFT) My bank account was cleaned out this morning by a (hacker). (HACK) Charges of (fraud) have been made against the CEO of the company. (DEFRAUD) Two men have been charged with (robbery) and assault after an attack that critically injured a pensioner. (ROB)

REAK INTO a passer-by, a pedestrian, a young couple (a shop, a car, a flat) BURGLE a shop, a car, a flat (an office, a home, a warehouse)

ASSAULT a bag, cash, a wallet (a man, charges, a violent) MUG a bank, a restaurant, a shop (a passer-by, a pedestrian, a young couple) STEAL an office, a home, a warehouse (a bag, cash, a wallet) ROB a man, charges, a violent (a bank, a restaurant, a shop)

Did you really pay €600 for this mobile phone? I think that's (daylight) robbery. I haven't eaten anything since seven o'clock this morning. I could (murder) a burger right now. Someone (stole) my thunder by leaking the announcement to the press. His parents let him do whatever he wants. He (gets away with) murder. All the performers were excellent, but Julia (stole) the show.

I really like your skinny jeans. Thanks, but not many people seem to agree that dying it red was a good idea. (Thank you. They're a bit tight, but that's the style these days.) That dress looks good on you. Thank you. They're a bit tight, but that's the style these days. (Do you think so? I think it makes me look a bit fat.) That's a fantastic car you're driving. Glad you like them. The frame alone cost €200. (I wish it was mine, but it's my girlfriend's. Mine is being repaired, so I borrowed hers today.) That's a really cool hair style. Thanks. It does match nicely, doesn't it? (Thanks, but not many people seem to agree that dying it red was a good idea.) Those glasses really suit you. Do you think so? I think it makes me look a bit fat. (Glad you like them. The frame alone cost €200.) That's a nice bag you're carrying. It goes really well with your yellow dress. I wish it was mine, but it's my girlfriend's. Mine is being repaired, so I borrowed hers today. (Thanks. It does match nicely, doesn't it?)

A Hi, Ginny. Are you enjoying the high-school reunion? B Certainly. It's (great) to see you again, Liam. A Care for a dance? B (Sure). In a bit. Let me finish my drink first. A OK. That's a (really) nice dress you're wearing, by the way. B (Thanks). I didn't think it would (still) fit me! Your hair is, er, different. You (didn't use to) have grey hair, did you? A No, it's changed over the past few years. I'm just (getting) old, I guess.

B Don't be (silly). I think it (suits) you. It makes you look more … interesting. A That's (nice of you) to say so. You've hardly changed at all yourself. B Oh, (come on) now. I do look older. I'm just wearing a lot of make-up today. I'll gladly accept the (compliment), though! A Should we (dance) now? B Yes, let's – I love this song

When they arrived at the cinema, the film (had) already (started). My partner was disappointed because I (had forgotten) about her birthday. The rising tide destroyed the sandcastle we (had built). The doctor asked the patient how long she (had had) the symptoms. The child was very afraid when he boarded the plane. He (had) never (flown) before. The cat was starving because no one (had fed) it for days. Most students failed the exam because they (hadn't studied) hard enough. I didn't recognise him straight away because he (had shaved) off all of his hair

if you want to listen to music? tablet (mp3 player) if you want to find directions? mp3 player (compass) as a warm covering? tent (thermal blanket) to take photos? water bottle (camera) if you want to read emails? thermal blanket (tablet) for extra balance when you're hiking? compass (poles) for sleeping in? poles (tent) if you're thirsty? camera (water bottle)

cliff - (cliff) waterfall - (waterfall) waterhole - (waterhole) plain - (plain) volcano - (volcano) cave - (cave) stream - (stream) lagoon - (lagoon) oasis - (oasis) pond - (pond)

I don't remember (locking) the car. I need to go back to the car park and check. (LOCK) Don't forget (to get) some bread on your way home. (GET)

Have we really studied this before? I've forgotten (reading) about it. (READ) I clearly remember (noticing) a man wearing dark glasses leaving the scene of the crime. (NOTICE) Remember (to call) your grandfather tomorrow. It's his birthday. (CALL) We'll never forget (seeing) Adele in concert. What a talented singer! (SEE) I forgot (to feed) the dog. He must be starving. (FEED) Luckily, I remembered (to send) the email before lunchtime. (SEND)

Example: Claire is turning 31. She is celebrating her birthday today. Claire, who is celebrating her birthday today, is turning 31. My brother is an engineer. He lives in Lima. f (My brother, who lives in Lima, is an engineer.) My car broke down on my way to work. It is very old. f (My car, which is very old, broke down on my way to work.) Sabina has a Norwegian father. Her surname is Loge. f (Sabina, whose surname is Loge, has a Norwegian father.) Barcelona is in the north-east of Spain. It is where my favourite football team plays. f (Barcelona, where my favourite football team plays, is in the north-east of Spain.) My father will be retiring next month. He has been working for 40 years. f (My father, who has been working for 40 years, will be retiring next month.) Example: Claire is turning 31. She is celebrating her birthday today. Claire, who is celebrating her birthday today, is turning 31. These shoes are in the sale. They are the ones that I want. (These shoes, which are the ones that I want, are in the sale.) The Museo Reina Sofia is in Madrid. It is where you can see Picasso's Guernica. (The Museo Reina Sofia, where you can see Picasso's Guernica, is in Madrid.) Jana is in my English class. Her sister is a famous actress. (Jana, whose sister is a famous actress, is in my English class.)

sprain (stomach) strain (head) fracture (eyes) bruise (tongue) dislocate (ears) swell (nails)

Technology can be bad for your brain Most of us love technology and can't imagine going about our lives without internet-connecting devices such as laptops, smartphones or tablets from the comfort of our homes or on the move. The average person looks at their smartphone about 150 times a day, or, in other words, for six minutes every hour. The average teenager sends or receives about 4,000 text messages a month (about one every six minutes). c (4) There are two types of memory: working memory – what we are doing at the moment – and longterm memory – which is permanent. New information passes from working memory into long-term memory. This process is called ‘memory consolidation'. Working memory has a small capacity, and

the brain can only keep two to four pieces of information at the same time. d (2) Because of this, it may not be able to store information and create connections and associations in order to build knowledge. The internet is in many ways an extension of the brain. We can look for anything on Google these days and get more information about it than our brain could ever store. This might not be great news after all. We used to memorise phone numbers and dates or learn poems and tales. We don't do these kinds of thing much nowadays. We're becoming too lazy to learn things by heart when we can always rely on technology. (1) Technology can also affect reading negatively. There are different types of reading. When we read a newspaper, for instance, we do a lot of skimming. We read quickly and when we find something we're interested in, then we read in detail. (5) However, the downside is that by mostly engaging in this type of reading – the kind of thing we do when we check out Facebook or when we look at tweets on Twitter as well – we're not spending enough time reading deeply and quietly, as we do when we read a novel. Skimming has become the default reading mode, and we may be losing our ability to read in-depth because of technology.

Which sentence best summarises the text? Teenagers use smartphones more often than adults. (Overusing internet-connecting gadgets can be bad for the brain.) What does the text say about memory? It's difficult for the brain to store information if it has to manage more than four pieces of information. What does the text say about learning things? We don't learn things by heart as often as we did in the past. What does the text say about types of reading? Skimming is the most common type of reading nowadays. What is the main purpose of the text? (To inform)

Catching the wrong train - not selected (selected) Catching the right train - not selected (selected) Travelling by plane - not selected (selected) Travelling by bus - not selected Travelling on the underground - not selected (selected) Talking on the phone - not selected (selected) Travelling by car - not selected Going sightseeing - not selected (selected) Texting - not selected Wearing winter clothes - not selected

I flew out from Paris and (landed) in Madrid. My friend told me to (give) him a ring when I got to the station. He called back and asked: 'Where are you? I can't see you (anywhere).' I can't see anyone wearing that. It's (freezing) here. The weather was perfect and I (even) went to the beach.

When we got to the station, the train (had) already (left). (LEAVE) A Did you remember to buy my magazine? B Oh, sorry. I (forgot). (FORGET) This time next week, I (will be swimming) in the sea. (SWIM) The man cut his finger while he (was trying) to chop an onion. (TRY) A Coffee or tea? B I ('ll have) a coffee, please. (HAVE) He usually (drives) to work, but he's taking the bus today. (DRIVE) The weather forecast says that it ('s going to rain) tomorrow. (RAIN) You look in really good shape. (Have) you (been working out) at the gym lately? (WORK OUT)

(DEHYDRATION) (HEADACHE) (DIZZINESS) (NAUSEA) (INSOMNIA) (AWAKE) (SICKNESS) (VOMITING)

The skier had to abandon the competition because of a (dislocated) shoulder. (DISLOCATE) You shouldn't be playing football if you have a (twisted) ankle. (TWIST) Luke suffered two (broken) ribs in the car accident. (BREAK) Martha fell down the stairs last night and now she has a (bruised) leg. (BRUISE) She hasn't been able to play tennis for two weeks now because of her (sprained) wrist. (SPRAIN) I bumped into a lamppost this morning and my face is all (swollen) now. (SWELL) Her eyes are (strained) from playing computer games for hours. She should take a break. (STRAIN) We hope that Mr Evans's (fractured) left arm will have healed in time for the Tour of France. (FRACTURE)

I don't trust him at all and keep him at (arm)'s length. Getting up at six for a long commute to work is a real pain in the (neck). Firefighters need a (head) for heights. She never hides her emotions. She always wears her (heart) on her sleeve. I'm so embarrassed! I put my (foot) in it by cooking roast chicken and not realising Fred is a vegetarian. You really have to (hand) it to Sue. She's done a fine jo

I've had the same car for 15 years and it's never broken (down). Many doctors are concerned about the flu epidemic that has broken (out) across Europe. It is difficult to break (into) acting. I admit that the joke was a bit rude, but I couldn't help breaking (up). His fiancée broke (off) the engagement when she realised she wasn't madly in love with him. The thieves broke (into) the house through the back door. An iceberg the size of Jamaica broke (away from) Antarctica in 2000. It's hard to believe that Sven and Julia have broken (up). I thought they made a nice couple.

TELLING STORIES: REACTING TO STORIES: Not assigned: You don't seriously expect me to believe that, do you? (REACTING TO STORIES), I hope I'm not boring you. (TELLING STORIES), Try me. (REACTING TO STORIES), You must be joking! (REACTING TO STORIES), Once upon a time … (TELLING STORIES), It all started last winter. (TELLING STORIES), Don't stop now. It's just getting interesting. (REACTING TO STORIES), Well, you haven't heard the best bit yet! (TELLING STORIES), I can't believe it. (REACTING TO STORIES), I'm sure I've told you this joke before. (TELLING STORIES), That sounds too good to be true. (REACTING TO STORIES), So to cut a long story short, it's all over. (TELLING STORIES)

A Did you hear the (story) about the broken pencil? B This isn't another of your awful jokes, is it? A Did you know that Arsenal got beaten by Barnsley 0–3 at the weekend? B I can't (believe) it! A The food was incredible, and the best bit was that it wasn't expensive at all. B That's (great). A So are you going to pay me back or not? B To (cut) a long story short, I don't have any money right now. A The rent is only $400 a month, and that includes free use of the gym and pool. B That sounds too good to be (true). A Did you get a nice present from Alice? B You must be (joking). She didn't even remember it was my birthday. A And then he slipped on the ice and landed in a puddle of water and … B That's funny. A Well, you haven't heard the best (bit) yet. When he got back to his feet … A I (hope) I'm not boring you. B Not at all. Should we get another drink?