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Process Economics

Table 2.1

Typical equipment capacity delivered capital cost correlations.

Equipment

Agitated reactor Pressure vessel Distillation column (Empty shell) Sieve trays (10 trays) Valve trays (10 trays) Structured packing (5 m height) Scrubber (Including random packing) Cyclone Vacuum filter Dryer Shell-and-tube heat exchanger Air-cooled heat exchanger Centrifugal pump (Small, including motor) Centrifugal pump (Large, including motor) Compressor (Including motor) Fan (Including motor) Vacuum pump (Including motor) Electric motor Storage tank (Small atmospheric) Storage tank (Large atmospheric) Silo Package steam boiler (Fire-tube boiler) Field erected steam boiler (Water-tube boiler) Cooling tower (Forced draft)

Material of construction

Capacity measure

Base size QB

Base cost CB ($)

Size range

Cost exponent M

CS SS CS

Volume (m3 ) Mass (t) Mass (t)

1 6 8

1.15 × 104 9.84 × 104 6.56 × 104

1–50 6–100 8–300

0.45 0.82 0.89

CS

Column diameter (m) Column diameter (m) Column diameter (m) Volume (m3 )

0.5

6.56 × 103

0.5–4.0

0.91

0.5

1.80 × 104

0.5–4.0

0.97

0.5

1.80 × 104

0.5–4.0

1.70

0.1

4.92 × 103

0.1–20

0.53

0.4 10 700

1.64 × 103 8.36 × 104 2.30 × 105

0.4–3.0 10–25 700–3000

1.20 0.49 0.65

80

3.28 × 104

80–4000

0.68

200

1.56 × 105

200–2000

0.89

1

1.97 × 103

1–10

0.35

Power (kW)

4

9.84 × 103

4–700

0.55

Power (kW)

250

9.84 × 104

250–10,000

0.46

CS

Power (kW)

50

1.23 × 104

50–200

0.76

CS

Power (kW)

10

1.10 × 104

10–45

0.44

Power (kW) Volume (m3 )

10 0.1

1.48 × 103 3.28 × 103

10–150 0.1–20

0.85 0.57

Volume (m3 )

5

1.15 × 104

5–200

0.53

60 50,000

1.72 × 104 4.64 × 105

60–150 50,000–350,000

0.70 0.96

20,000

3.28 × 105

10,000–800,000

0.81

10

4.43 × 103

10–40

0.63

CS SS (low grade) SS (low grade) CS CS SS (low grade) CS CS

SS (high grade) CS

SS (low grade) CS CS CS

CS

Diameter (m) Filter area (m2 ) Evaporation rate (kg H2 O·h−1 ) Heat transfer area (m2 ) Plain tube heat transfer area (m2 ) Power (kW)

Volume (m3 ) Steam generation (kg·h−1 ) Steam generation (kg·h−1 ) Water flowrate (m3 ·h−1 )

CS = carbon steel; SS (low grade) = low-grade stainless steel, for example, type 304; SS (high grade) = high-grade stainless steel, for example, type 316