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a u d i o

M a t e r ia l

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SECOND EDITION

St u d e n t ’s b o o k

M

ic h a e l

Je a n

n

M c Ca r t h

i M c Ca r t e n

HELEN S A N D iF O R D m C a m

b r id g e

U N IV E R S IT Y P R E SS

y

2

C a m b r id g e U N IV E R S IT Y PR ESS

32 Avenue o f the Americas, New York, NY 10013-2473, USA Cambridge University Press is part o f the University o f Cambridge. it furthers the University’s mission by dissem inating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest international levels o f excellence. www.cam bridge.org Inform ation on this title : www.cambridge.org/9781107681736 © Cambridge University Press 2005, 2014 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions o f relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction o f any part may take place w ith o u t the written perm ission o f Cambridge University Press. First published 2005 Second Edition 2014 Printed in Hong Kong, China, by Golden Cup Printing Company Limited A catalog record fo r this pu b lica tio n is available from the British Library. i s b n 978-1-107-68173-6 S tu d e n t’ s Book i s b n 978-1-107-68175-0 S tu d e n t’ s Book A i s b n 978-1-107-62704-8 S tu d e n t’ s Book В i s b n 978-1-107-69037-0 W orkbook i s b n 978-1-107-64988-0 W orkbook A i s b n 978-1-107-61861-9 W orkbook В i s b n 978-1-107-65940-7 Full Contact i s b n 978-1-107-61439-0 Full Contact A i s b n 978-1-107-66547-7 Full Contact В i s b n 978-1-107-62402-3 Teacher’ s Edition w ith A ssessm ent A u d io CD/CD-ROM isbn

978-1-107-67757-9 Class A udio CDs (4)

A d ditional resources for this publication at ww w .cam bridge.org/touchstone2 Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or th ird-party internet websites referred to in th is publication, and does not guarantee th a t any content on such websites is, or w ill remain, accurate or appropriate. Inform ation regarding prices, travel tim etables, and other factual inform ation given in this work is correct at the tim e of first printing but Cambridge University Press does not guarantee the accuracy o f such inform ation thereafter.

cknowledgments Touchstone S e c o n d E dition has b e n e fite d from e x te n s iv e d e v e lo p m e n t research. T h e a u th o rs an d p u b lish ers w o u ld lik e to e xte n d th e ir th a n k s to th e fo llo w in g rev iew ers and c o n s u ltan ts fo r th e ir v a lu a b le in s ig h ts and

A u th o r s ’ A c k n o w le d g m e n ts The a u th o rs w o u ld lik e to th a n k a ll th e C a m b rid g e U n iv e rs ity Press s ta ff a n d fre e la n c e rs w h o w e re in v o lv e d in th e c re a tio n o f T o u c h s to n e S e c o n d E d itio n .

sugg estio ns:

In a d d itio n , th e y w o u ld lik e to a c k n o w le d g e a h u g e d e b t o f g ra titu d e th a t

A na L ucia d a C osta M a ia de A lm e id a a n d M o n ic a da C osta M o n te iro d e S ouza

th e y o w e to tw o p e o p le : M a ry V a u g h n , fo r h e r ro le in c re a tin g T o u c h s to n e

fro m IBEU, Rio d e Ja n e iro , B ra z il; A n d re z a C ris tia n e M e lo d o Lago fro m M a g ic

F irs t E d itio n a n d fo r b e in g a c o n s ta n t s o u rc e o f w is d o m e v e r s in c e , a n d

English S choo l, M a n a u s , B ra z il; M a g a ly M e n d e s L em o s fro m ICBEU, Sao Jose

B ryan F le tc h e r, w h o a ls o h a d th e v is io n th a t h as le d to th e s u c c e s s o f

d o s C a m p o s, B ra z il; M a ria L ucia Z a o ro b , S ao P a u lo , B ra z il; P a tric ia M cK ay

T o u c h s to n e B le n d e d L e a rn in g .

A ro n is fro m CEL LEP, Sao P a u lo , B ra z il; C a rlo s G o n to w , Sao P a u lo , B ra z il; C h ris tia n e A u g u s to G o m e s da S ilva fro m Colegio Viscond e de Porto S eguro,

H ele n S a n d ifo rd w o u ld lik e to th a n k h e r fa m ily fo r th e ir lo v e a n d s u p p o rt, e s p e c ia lly h e r h u s b a n d B ry a n .

Sao P a u lo , B ra z il; S ilv a n a Fo n ta n a fro m Lord’s Id io m a s, Sao P a u lo , B ra z il; A le x a n d e r F a b ia n o M o ris h ig u e fro m S pe e d Up Id io m a s, Jales, B ra z il; E lis a b e th B lo m fro m Casa Th om as Jefferson, B ra s ilia , B ra z il; M ic h e lle D ear fro m In te rn a tio n a l A cadem y o f English, T o ro n to , ON, C an a d a; W a lte r D u a rte M a rin , Laura H u rta d o P o rte la , Jorge Q u iro g a , a n d R ica rd o S u a re z, fro m Centro

The a u th o r te a m w o u ld a ls o lik e to th a n k e ach o th e r, fo r th e jo y o f w o rk in g to g e th e r , s h a rin g th e s a m e p r o fe s s io n a l d e d ic a tio n , a n d fo r th e m u tu a l s u p p o r t a n d fr ie n d s h ip . F in a lly , th e a u th o rs w o u ld lik e to th a n k o u r d e a r fr ie n d A le ja n d ro M a rtin e z ,

Colombo A m ericano, B o g o ta , C o lo m b ia ; Jhon Jairo C a sta n e d a M a c ia s fro m

G lo b a l T ra in in g M a n a g e r, w h o s a d ly p a s s e d a w a y in 2 0 12 . He is g re a tly

Praxis English A cadem y, B u c a ra m a n g a , C o lo m b ia ; G lo ria L ilia n a M o re n o

m is s e d b y a ll w h o had th e p le a s u re to w o r k w ith h im . A le x w a s a h u g e

V iz c a in o fro m U niversidad S anto Tom as, B o g o ta , C o lo m b ia ; E liz a b e th O rtiz

s u p p o r te r o f T o u c h s to n e a n d e v e ry o n e is d e e p ly g ra te fu l to h im fo r h is

fro m C opol English In s titu te (COPEI), G u a y a q u il, E cu a d o r; H enry F oster fro m

c o n tr ib u tio n to its s u c c e s s .

Kyoto T achib an a U niversity, K yo to , Ja pa n ; S te ve n K irk fro m Tokyo U niversity, Tokyo, Ja pa n ; J. Lake fro m Fukuoka W o m a n ’s U niv e rs ity, F u ku o ka , Japa n ; its u k o Y o s h id a fro m M ie U niv e rs ity, M ie , Ja pa n ; B. B ric k lin Z e ff fro m H okkai Gakuen U niversity, H o k k a id o , Japa n ; Z ia d A b u -H a m a tte h fro m A l-B a lq a ’ A pplied U niv e rs ity, A l-S a lt, Jo rda n ; R oxana Perez Flores fro m U niversidad A utonom a de C oahuila Lang uage C enter, S a ltillo , M e x ic o ; Kim A le ja n d ro S o ria n o Jim en e z fro m U niversidad P olitecn ica de A lta m ira , A lta m ira , M e x ic o ; "e re C a ld e ro n Rosas fro m U niversidad A uto n o m a M e tro p o lita n a C am pus Iz ta p a la p a , M e x ic o City, M e x ic o ; L ilia B o n d a re v a , P o lin a E rm a ko v a , and Elena F ru m in a , fro m N a tio n a l Research Tech n ica l U n iv e rs ity M IS iS , M o s c o w , R ussia; D ia n n e C. E llis fro m Kyung Нее U niv e rs ity, G y e o n g g i-d o , S o u th )) 4.22 Are you g o in g to do any o f these things next year? Tell the class. Then listen. What are the people above going to do? Check ( / ) the boxes below.

EH have a baby □

Fif o S l В

118

ask for a promotion

EH graduate from college EH go on for a master’s degree

EH buy a house □

go on a trip

EH retire □

get married

Complete the sentences using the interview s above to help you.

1.

Paul says i t _________ be expensive to go to Europe. He’ s sure about that.

2.

Laura thinks she probably_________ get a promotion. She’s 95% certain her boss will say no.

3.

Christy says s h e _________ study for a master’ s degree. She’ s not sure, though.

4.

Laura says s h e _________ look for a better job. She says it’s possible.

5.

Joe says h e _________ retire next June. He’ s already decided.

I I * I I Looking ahead

&

Grammar

Future with w ill, may, and m ig h t

4'))4.23 /V,..-.....

.....

You can use will to give facts or predictions about the future.

To show you are not 100% sure about the future, you can use may and might.

I’ll be 65 in June. It’ll be expensive to travel around Europe. The baby w ill keep us busy! It won’t be easy to find a job.

I may go on for a master’ s degree. I might not be able to afford it.

I ’ll = I w ill

.. . .

4

You can also use ил/7/ with expressions like I guess, I think, maybe, and probably.

w on’t = w ill not

We’ll probably take some time off from work. Maybe we’ll move to Arizona.

Avoid will to talk about plans or decisions already made. Use the present continuous or be going to. I’m going to Europe next year. I’m going to visit Paris. (NOT I will go to Europe next year. I will visit Paris.)

A

Circle the correct options in the conversations below. Compare and practice in groups o f three.

1. A What are you going to do at the end of this course?

D o n ’ t u s e can f o r p r e d i c t i o n s . U s e m ay o r m ight. I m a y go away fo r vacation. (N O T I te n go away fo r vacation.)

V. В I’ m not sure. I guess I take /

J

another course

С I d o n ’t know. I’ m going to / I may travel abroad w ith my brother. He thin ks his classes m ight / can finish early this year, so we m ight / w ill be able to go in May. 2. A Are your friends going away for vacation next summer? В Well, they ’ re all going to do / w ill all do different things. One friend is going / w ill go to Istanbul. I’ d love to go, too, but I d o n ’t know. I w on’t / I m ig h t not be able to afford it. С Four of my friends w ill / may be 21, so we ’ re having / have a big party. It’ s going to be fun. 3. A

Are you going to look for a new job next year?

В Actually, I ju st got a new job. I’ ll / I’ m going to w ork for the local newspaper. How about you? С I d o n ’t know. I th in k I’ m studying / I’ ll study for a certificate in nutrition. I mean, I’ ll / I may probably go back to school because I’ m pretty sure I w o n ’t

Group w o rk Ask and answer the questions. Give your own answers. Who has in te re s tin g plans?

Abyou ;

В

a

Speaking naturally Do you th in k . . .

Aboi yo

I m ig h t not get a job.

Reduction of will

y o u r best frie n d w ill alw ays be yo u r frie n d ?

(frie n d ’ll)

the teacher w ill be a m illio n a ire som eday?

(te a ch e r’ll)

y o u r p are n ts w ill ever move to a n o th e r city?

(p a re n ts ’ll)

a ll y o u r frie n d s w ill have children?

(frie n d s ’ll)

anyone in the class w ill be fam ous som eday?

(cla ss’ll)

A

4 1 4.24 Listen and repeat the questions above. Practice the reduction of w ill to ’11.

В

P a irw o rk Ask and answer the questions. Think of more questions to ask about the future. A Do you th in k y o u r best frie n d w ill always be your friend? В Well, we m ig h t not always live near each other, but I th in k we’ll always be friends. 119

Ш%

Building vocabulary Ф)) 4.25 Listen and say the words. Then make a class list o f other jobs and professions. Do you know anyone w ith these jobs? “ M y neighbor is a firefighter. She loves her job. ” You can also say:

“ M y cousin m ay become a veterinarian a t an anim al hospital. ”

j She w orks f o r a (c o m p u te r) com pany. \ He w o rks a t a h o s p ita l / g ro c e ry store.

sales representative

doctor nurse

firefighter

receptionist

police officer electriciar business executive

letter carrier

carpenter

sistant

.. .. W o rd s o rt

В Complete the chart w ith jobs from above. Add your own ideas. Then compare w ith a partner.

has an interesting job?

has a rewarding job?

jo u r n a lis ts

nurses

has a difficult job?

in t e r io r d e sig n e rs

“ I th in k jo u rn a lists have an interesting job. They travel a lot, a n d . . . ” 120

earns a lot of money?

Looking ahead

a

Building language A

4 '/) 4.26 Listen. What is Becca’s problem? Practice the conversation. I can’t believe we ju s t have one more year o f college!

Beet a

I know. What are you going to do when you graduate? Well, I may go to law school if I get good grades next year. Oh, I’ m sure you will. Well, you never know. My parents will be disappo inted if I d o n ’t go into law. They’ re both lawyers. Wow. That’ s a lot of pressure. Yeah. And after I graduate, I’ ll be able to w ork in th e ir firm.

Drew Becca

Uh-huh. Well, t h a t’ s good. Yeah, but I d o n ’t really w ant to be a lawyer. .. . I want to be a journalist. I guess I need to decide before I go home for the summer.

Drew Well, good luck! Fif o S lt В

a

Choose the correct words to complete these sentences about Becca.

1.

Becca may go to law school when she graduates / w ill graduate from college.

2.

If Becca doesn’t / w on’t go into law, her parents will be disappointed.

3.

She needs to decide before she w ill go / goes home for the summer.

G ra m m a r

Present tense verbs with future m eaning 4 ))) 4.27

In complex sentences about the future, use the simple present after if, when, after, and before.

About f you j

What are you going to do when you graduate? If I get good grades, I may go to law school. My parents will be disappointed if I don’t go into law. After I graduate, I’ ll be able to work in their firm. I need to decide before I go home for the summer.

A Choose the correct verbs. Then complete the sentences w ith your own ideas. 1.

Before this semester w ill be /(is)over, I th in k I’ ll be able t o ______________ .

2.

I’ ll p ro b a b ly ______________ after I finish / w ill finish my studies.

3.

If I don’t / w on’t get a good job after I w ill graduate / graduate, I m ig h t ______

4.

If I earn / w ill earn a lot of money in the next ten years, I m a y ______________ .

5.

I’d like t o ________________when I visit / w ill visit my relatives again.

6.

If I become / w ill become really fluent in English, I hope I’ ll be able t o ______________ .

7.

I th in k I’ l l _______________________________ after I retire / w ill retire.

В

Pair w ork Compareyour sentences. A skyou r partner questions for more inform ation A Before this sem ester is over, I th in k I ’ll be able to improve my grades. В Good fo r you. Which subject do you need a better grade in? "(p- Sounds right p. 139

121

Lesson С

Conversation Н strategies / /

41

6 k Conversation Strategy

Making offers and promises

A

Imagine you are planning a barbecue w ith friends. What things do you put on your “ to -d o ” list?

В

4 >)) 4,28 Listen. What does Olivia offer to do? How about Jake?

O livia Jake O livia

Jake O livia Jake

O liv ia

Jake

С

Notice

I’ m really looking forward to the barbecue this weekend. Me too. I’ ll get some steaks, if you like. OK. That sounds good. And I’ ll bring some salad and stuff. Will you bring some chairs? Oh, and remind me to bring my beach umbrella. All right. And I w o n ’t forget the drinks this tim e, either. Good. Uh, do you w ant me to drive? No, I’ ll drive. You can’t afford any more speeding tickets. OK. Then make sure you go to the gas station before you pick me up. We d o n ’t w ant to run out of gas again. All right. 1will. But hey, we only ran out of gas that one tim e!

“ I’ll get some steaks. ” (an offer)

how O livia and Jake use I ’ll and I won’t

to make offers and promises. Find exam ples in

“/ won’t forget the drinks. ” (a promise)

the conversation.

D

Some friends are planning a h ikin g trip for Saturday. For each comment, find and complete an

offer

or a promise w ith I ’ll or I won’t. Then practice w ith a partner.

Abou! yoi

1.

How are we going to get there?

a.

Don’t worry, _

2.

Do we have to leave early? I m ight oversleep.___

b.

I can borrow my parents’ car.

3.

What food should we take ? ____

c.

No, we d o n ’t . ___ get one.

4.

How about som ething to drink, to o ? ____

d.

just some s andw ic he s .___ make them.

5.

Will you re m em berto b rin g y o u r GPS?____

e.

Probably.____ look at the forecast.

6.

Should we check the weather before we g o ? .

f.

S ure.____ fo rg e t.______ bring a camera, too.

7.

Do we have a trail m a p ? ____

g. Yeah.____ buy some bottles of water later.

E

. call you. drive.

Pair w o r k Imagine you are going on a day trip . Choose a place to go. Then take turns asking and

answering the questions above. Make offers and promises w ith I ’ll and I won’t. 122

I'll

Looking ahead W I J U 1 Д

а

Strategy plus All right and OK You can use A ll r ig h t or O K when you agree to som ething.

(Z M O K is a b o u t six tim e s more f r e q u e n t th a n A ll rig h t.

my beach umbrella. Respond to the question s w ith All r ig h t or OK, and make an offer w ith I ’ll. Then practice w ith a partner. 1.

A Could you help me with my computer? I th in k it has a virus. В ______ . I ’ l l _________________________

2.

A

I have a favor to ask. Can you give me a ride to

В ______ . I ’ l l _________________________ 3.

A I m ight get a new tablet this weekend. Can you

В ______ . I ’ l l _________________________ 4.

A

I’ m g o in g to paint my apartm ent next weekend

В ______ . I ’ l l _________________________ A Could you help me w ith m y computer? I think it has a virus. В A ll right. I ’ll take a look this afternoon. Is that OK?

a

Listening and strategies А

i’ll do

it!

Ф)) 4.29 Listen to Jackand Helen’ s conversation. W hat kind o f event are th e y planning? Where w ill it take place? When?

В

4 )) 4.29 Listen again. Complete th e sentences. Write a to h. There is one extra item.

1.

Their mother promises she’ l l ____ a n d _____ .

2.

Jacksays he’ l l ____ . He says he w o n ’t _____ .

3.

Helen says she’ l l ____ . She w o n ’t _____ . Helen will a ls o _____ .

a. burn the food

d. send invitations online

g. shop and do the cooking

b. buy a gift and a card

e. get the date wrong

h. pay for everything

c. send a guest list

f. choose the music

С

Group w o rk Plan an end-of-the-year event for your class. Make a list o f things to do. Offer and agree to do the different tasks. A We sh ou ld reserve a room a t the school. В OK, I ’ll call and do that. С And we need to buy some sn a c ks.. . .

TO D

O

__

Reserve a ro o m a t th e sch oo l. B u y so m e snacks.

123

In the future

A

GK Reading A

Look at the pictures in the article. Can you guess what inventions the article w ill describe? Tell the class. “I th in k people w ill use special glasses to g e t directions.

В

As y o u read, lo o k fo r w o r d s like h o w e ve r, w h ic h s h o w s a co n tra s tin g

Read the article. Which inventions did you already

idea, and so, w h ic h s o m e t im e s

know about? Which were new?

in tro d u c e s a co n s e q u e n c e .

is MH M®

http://www.lifeinthefuture,

ШНЙТ WILL LIFE BE LIME IN THE FUTURE? Our analyst says th a t some w eird and w o n de rfu l ideas o f the fu tu re m ig h t n ot be th a t far away. Sm artphones, tablets, and laptops are g e ttin g th in n e r and lig h te r than ever before. However,

1

in th e future, you m ig h t n o t need to carry any gadgets around w ith you. If designers have

th e ir way, you may ju s t need to w ear a pair o f " v ir t u a l goggles" instead. Scientists are testing p ro to typ e s at th e m o m e n t, th o u g h it may be some tim e before they're actually on store shelves. These goggles w ill act like a c o m p u te r screen and display in fo rm a tio n and e n te r ta in m e n t fro m th e Internet. So, w hen you are sightseeing, you'll be able to see in fo rm a tio n a b o u t a fam ous b u ild in g in fr o n t o f you. Or you'll be able to ge t a review o f th e restaurant m enu you're lo o kin g at. The goggles will have GPS, so you'll be able to stream directions to a party or locate a nearby coffee shop. They w ill also have a camera to take photos, and you w o n 't need a cell p h o n e anym ore. The goggles w ill have th a t b u ilt in, too.

2

You m ig h t n o t be able to take a tr ip in to space rig h t now, b u t in th e near fu tu re , we may all have access to th e o u te r atm osphere . Private spaceships are ta k in g reservations - at a cost

- fo r flig h ts in to space. In th e m e a n tim e , a Japanese c o m p a n y says it is d e v e lo p in g a space elevator. The elevator, w h ic h w ill carry 30 passengers, w ill stretch fro m a base on th e g ro u n d up to a space Д

И

Ш

М

И

Ш

Ш

s tation 36,000 k ilo m e te rs (22,000 miles) above th e earth. It w ill take e ig h t days to reach th e space station. Luckily, th e e le v a to r w ill have beds and e n te r ta in m e n t on board. The c o m p a n y says it may be ready by 2050.

You can already buy m irrors w ith TVs in them , so you can w atch the m o rn in g news w h ile you

3

brush y o u r teeth. However, in th e future, mirrors w ill be able to do m uch, m uch more. What

w o u ld you look like w ith long blo n d hair? Or w ith a beard? In the future, you w ill be able to sim ply tap y o u r m irro r if you w a n t to see y ourself w ith d iffe re n t features. Your m irro r will also m o n ito r y o u r health, and it'll be able to tell you w hen you need a visit to th e doctor's office. And before you go to work, you'll be able to set the tim e fo r a nice, relaxing bath. Now how h o t do you w a n t th e water?

124

]

Looking ahead

С

Read the article again. Check

(/)

the predictions the article makes.

1. EH With “ virtual goggles” y o u ’ ll be able to go online.

EHThese goggles w ill make it unnecessary for tourists to go sightseeing. EHVirtual goggles w ill have built-in cell phones.

2. 3.

АЬуои[ Ц

4. □

Only trained astronauts w ill be able to travel on the space elevator.

5. □

The space elevator w ill carry people 22,000 miles above the earth.

6. □

The space elevator will probably be ready in the next ten years.

7.

EH A “ smart

8.

EH With smart mirrors to m o n ito r health, we w o n ’t need to go to the doctor.

D

m irror” w ill show us w hat we look like with different hair or features.

Pair w ork If the predictions are correct, w ill our lives be better or worse? Discuss w ith a partner. A Our lives will be worse with virtual goggles. We’ll stop looking at things around us. В I don’t really agree. People won’t wear the goggles all the time. Just when they need them.

a

Listening a n d writing a good idea? А

Ц))) 4.30 Listen to Sophia and Alan discuss the inventions from the article on page 124. For each invention, who says it ’s a good idea? Check ( / ) Sophia or Alan. Invention

W ho says it’s a good idea?

Sophia 1. virtual goggles 2. a space elevator 3. a smart mirror A bo ut | you |

Why?

Alan

□

□

□

П

□

□

4») 4.30 Listen again. Write one reason why Sophia or Alan thinks the invention is a good idea.

В

Do you agree? Discuss w ith a partner.

С

Read the article below and the Help note. Underline the words th a t list ideas.

Listing ideas

“Smart” Refrigerators Scientists predict that people will have “ sm art” refrigerators in the future. Scanners will read bar codes on food and . . .

F irst, yo u w o n ’t n e e d to . . S e co n d , y o u ’ll n e v e r . . . Next, s c a n n e rs w i l l . . . F in a lly, y o u ’ll be a b le to .

I think this will m ake our lives better. First, you won't need to go grocery shopping anym ore, so . . . Second, you ’ll never com e home and find an em pty refrigerator . . . N ext, scanners will tell you if the food is bad, so you w on’t get sick . . . Finally, y o u ’ll be able to . . .

About I you |

D

Write a short article about a future invention. W ill it make life better or worse? Why? Give four reasons.

125

Vocabulary notebook/

Writers, actors, and artists

Learning tip Grouping vocabulary

Talk about jobs

Write new vocabulary in groups. You can group words ^

1

The jo b s p e o p le m e n tio n

by th e ir endings or by th e ir meanings. You can group

m o s t in c o n v e rsa tio n are

expressions by different topic areas.

la w y e r, te a c h e r, and d o c to r.

Look at these jobs. Group them by th e ir endings. How many other jobs can you add to each list?

/a c to r architect artist

assistant consultan t dentist

-er / -or

doctor electrician firefighter

- a n t / -ent

jou rn a lis t letter carrier librarian

musician nurse param edic

police officer receptionist w riter

-ian

-is t

actor

2

Make a chart like the one below. How many expressions can you w rite in the chart? Home and fam ily

W ork g e t a prom otion

Education take an exam

have a baby

Make a list o f 20 pe o p le you know . What jo b s do they do? W rite th e ir jobs in English. How many new w o rd s do you learn?

I

discuss my plans and make predictions.

I

understand a conversation about planning events.

Ц

talk about jobs.

Ш

understand a conversation about inventions.

Ш

make offers and promises.

И

read an article about the future.

I

agree to offers, requests, and suggestions.

I

write an article about a future invention.

Checkpoint\ u n i t s 10-12 ЕЖ Who’s who? Austin and Tyler are brothers, but they look very different. Complete the questions for items 1 to 5. Complete items 6 to 9 w ith comparatives and prepositions. Compare w ith a partner. Then ask and answer the questions. . alike?

1. A

В No, they look totally different. 2. A ______________ like? В He’s short and heavy, and he’ s got a mustache. 3.

A ______________ like - his m o th e r or his father? В Austin looks like his mother. She’ s short, too.

4. A ______________ ?

\

i

He’ s six feet tall. He’ s a lot ta lle r than Austin. 5. A В His eyes are blue. 6. A

Do they both have brown hair?

В Yes, but Tyler’ s hair i s ________ 7.

A

and

than A u stin ’ s.

^

Tyler

^

Are they both muscular?

В No, Austin i s _________ than Tyler. He works o u t . 8. A

^ Austin ^

than Tyler.

Do they both have freckles?

В Yes, but Tyler h a s _________ freckles than Austin. Austin probably s p e n d s ______

. time

in the sun. 9.

A

Is Tyler the o n e _________ the spiked hair?

В No, th a t’ s Austin. Tyler’ s the o n e _________ the ponytail - the o n e __________the striped shirt.

&

Can you guess what I mean? A

В

How many words and expressions can you add to the chart? Compare charts w ith a partner. D escribingfaces

D escribing hairstyles

W ays o f com m unicating

have freckles

have a ponytail

te x t som eone

electrician

Pair w ork Student A: Explain a word or expression to a partner. Student B: Guess the word. A You can do this with your phone o r computer. В Do you mean text someone? 127

а

Can you complete this conversation? Complete the conversation w ith th e w ords and expressions in th e box. Use c apital letters where necessary. Practice w ith a partner. Then role-play th e conversation using your own ideas. all right breaking up

I’ ll I’ ll call you back

hold on a second

I’ve got

G reg Ken:

ju st let’s see / t h i s is

w earing w hat do you call it

where were we with

w hat was I saying

you mean

Greg Waters. Hello, Greg.

This is

Kenji from the office in

Tokyo. I w a s ______________ calling to ask . . . What tim e are you arriving on Monday? Greg

Well, I have my ticket h e re .______________ , I arrive at, um, 3:30 p.m.

Kenji

O K ,______________ come to the airport to meet you. O h ,______________- I’ve got another call.

Greg

______________ . . .

Kenj;

Hi. Sorry a bout that. S o ,______________ ? Oh, yes, I’ ll meet you. So, how w ill I recognize you?

G reg

Well, I’ m tall a n d ______________ blond hair and -

Kenji

Sorry, Greg, I can’t hear you. You’ r e ______________ .

Greg

OK. L is te n ,______________ . . .

Kenii

Hi. That’ s better. S o , ___________________ ?

Greg

I was describing myself. So, um, I’ ll be the blond g u y ______________ the s u n g la s s e s ,______________ a USA T-shirt.

a

Kenji

Um, OK. Maybe I should w ear a - __________? A th in g with my name on it so you can find me?

Greg

O h , ______________ a badge. Good idea!

Future plans and dreams A

Circle the correct o p tio n s, and then com plete the sentences w ith true in fo rm a tio n .

1.

When I’ ll get / I get home tonight, I’ m g o i n g t o ______________ , and I m ig h t_______________ , but I probably w o n ’t ______________.

2.

If y o u ’ ll w ant / you w a n t help with your hom ew ork this w eekend, I’ ll help / I help you. I’ m not ______________ on Saturday, but I m a y ______________ on Sunday.

3.

If I’ ll win / 1win the lottery this year, I promise I’ ll buy / I buy all my classmates dinner. I’ ll also ______________ , and I m ig h t______________ , too.

4.

If I ever w ill become / become famous, I w o n ’t / d o n ’t change. I’ ll s till be / I’ m s till myself, and I w o n ’t ______________ .

В

128

Pair w o r k Tell each o th e r your sentences. Can you c ontinue th e conversations?

.N IT

I t l Find out about me! 1

Think o f an interesting question you’ d like to ask someone to get to know them better. Write your question on a sm all piece of paper, fold it, and put it in a pile.

W h ic h do y o u p re fe r - h o t w e a th e r o r c o ld w e a th e r?

2

Class a c tiv ity Take a piece o f paper from the pile. Ask your classmates the question

on your piece

o f paper. Find out one more piece o f info rm a tio n from each classmate. A So, which do you prefer - h o t weather or cold weather? В Actually, I like cold weather. I like snow. A Oh, I do too. So, do you ski?

Common interests 1

Complete the sentences below about your in f-----

1.

I enjoy w a tc h in g b a s e b a ll

2.

I’ m good a t ___________________

3.

I can’t ___________________

4.

I’ m interested i n ___________________

5.

I would l i k e ___________________

6.

I li k e ___________________

7.

l e a n ___________

8.

I th in k everybody

2

Group w ork Change the statem ents you made into questions to ask your group.

Who is the same as you?

Q u e s tio n s

N am es

1.

I c h im

D o y o u e n jo y 'w a tc h in g b a s e b a ll?

A Do you enjoy watching baseball? В No, n o t really. I d o n’t really understand the rules. С Really? I love it. Baseball is m y favorite sport.

129

Free talk UNITP %

True or false? 1

Complete the sentences w ith your own ideas. Write three true sentences and three false sentences.

1.

I’ m.

2.

Ifl_

. these days. ., I u s u a lly .

never. 4.

I love to

5.

I

6.

This week I’ m not.

2

Pair w ork Take turns te llin g your ideas. Ask your partner follow -up

. every day.

questions. Can you guess which ideas are not true? A I ’m getting up a t 4:30 every m orning these days. В Are you serious? Why? Are you training fo r a race?

UNITB 9%

A new celebration Group w ork Create a new special day or festival. You can use the ideas given or make up anything you want! Complete these sentences or w rite new ones about your new event. 1.

Our new special day or festival is c a lle d __

2.

It’s going to be o n ______________ .(d a te )

3.

There’s g o in g to b e ______________a n d

4.

Everyone is going t o __________

.. (activity)

5.

Everyone is g o in g to eat.

___ • (fo o d )

6.

People are g o in g to b u y .

___ . (items)

7.

Nobody is g o i n g t o ____

8.

It’s going to b e ________

. (name)

Grandma's Day

_. (events)

.. (activity)

C H o c o l^ e

No-Homework D ay1.

.. (“fun, ” “ interesting, ” . . . )

Class a ctivity Ask three classmates from other groups questions

G e t- U p - i_ a te W e e k

about th e ir new festivals and special days. Take notes. A What’s y o u r new festival called? В It’s called “ Laugh-a-Lot Day, ” and i t ’s going to be on March 8th.

Choose one festival tha t you’ d like to celebrate. Tell the class why. “ I ’d like to celebrate Laugh-a-Lot Day because people are going to te ll jokes a ll day. ”

130

F e s tiv a l

UNITBP%

im I

In the past Class a c tiv ity Ask your classmates question s about th e ir childhood. Write notes about each person.

S S I 1. was born at home. 2. d id n ’t like playing outside. 3. w asn’t good at music. 4.

liked to play board games.

5. always had bruised knees. 6. was on a sports or athletics team. 7. changed schools two o rth re e times. 8. collected something. 9. got into trouble a lot. 10.

liked to eat vegetables.

“ Were you born a t home?” JNITjM f a

1Ш

„

Apartment hunting P a ir w o r k Student A: Read about the apartm ent below. S tudent B: Read about the apartm ent on

page 133. Take turns asking questions about the two apartm ents. Which one would you like to rent? A Is there a washer and d ryer in the apartment? В Is there a what? A washer and dryer? No, there is n ’t, b u t there’s a . . . http://www.findyournewhome... A p a rtm e n t fo r re n t - 3 8 1 2 Beacon S tre e t

A p a rtm e n t features 2 b e d ro o m s and 2 b a th ro o m s , liv in g room , b ig k itc h e n , s m a ll balco n y 3rd floor, no ele v a to r P arking lot next to th e a p a r tm e n t b u ild in g

A m e n itie s W a s h e r and d ryer in each a p a r tm e n t Free gym in th e b u ild in g Rooftop garden Valet p a rk in g

N eighborhood In a q u ie t n e ig h b o r h o o d . S u p e rm a rk e t only a 15-m inute w a lk away. 2 0 - m in u te w a l k t o th e nearest su b w a y s ta tio n .

Free talk UNim

Travel smart! 1

Look at the pictures. What advice do you have for Traveler В in each situation? Make a list.

2

Role play Now imagine you and your partner are in the situations above. Take turns giving and responding to advice. A You know, maybe you sh o u ld n ’t leave yo u r money in yo u r pocket like that. В Oh, yeah, I guess. But I d o n ’t have a wallet. A Why d o n’t you go to th a ts h o p to look fo r a new w allet?

132

All about home 1

Pair w ork Discuss the questions. Find three ways you’ re alike. Find three ways you’ re different. 3. Do you prefer a quiet or a noisy home?

1. W hat’s your room like at home?

•

When you listen to music, do you use

•

What do you have on your walls?

•

Do you have a TV in your room?

•

Would you like to change your room?

•

Do you sing along with the music?

What would you change?

•

Do you leave the TV on when you’ re not

headphones or speakers?

watching?

2. Are you neat or messy at home?

4. Do you o ry o u r family do a “ spring cleaning”

•

Do you make your bed every morning?

•

Do you leave things on top of dressers, tables, and

every year?

chairs? Or do you put everything in drawers or a closet?

•

Who does most of the work?

Is there a lot of clutter in your house? Whose clutter

•

What do you do?

•

is it? 2

5. Do you have any unusual habits at home?

Group w ork Join another pair. Tell them about yourself and your partner.

“Mario and I both have small rooms, but he has posters of his favorite rock band on the wall. I just have some pictures of my friends and family on my desk. ” UNITl 4 b

A partm ent hunting Pair w ork Student B: Read about the apartm ent below. Student A: Read about the apartm ent on page 131. Take turns asking questions about the two apartm ents. Which one would you like to rent? В Are there any stores nearby? A I’m sorry, are there any what? Stores? Let’s see . . . um . . . well, there are. . . http://www.findyournewhome... m d h

A p a rtm e n t fo r re n t - 1 5 2 5 12 th A ven u e A partm ent features 2 b e d ro o m s , 1 b a th ro o m , liv in g room w ith sm a ll kitch e n 11th floor, e le v a to r in b u ild in g A m enities L a u n d ro m a t on th e corner o f 12th A venue and 15th Street Pet-care service in b u ild in g 2 4 -h o u r security Party room R ooftop pool Neighborhood C onve n ie n t lo c a tio n . W ith in w a lk in g d is ta n c e to a large s h o p p in g m all. M a n y res ta u ra n ts and sh o p s nearby. C onvenience store across th e s treet from th e b u ild in g . 5 -m in u te w a lk to th e nearest su b w a y s ta tio n . 133

Free talk What was happening? Pair w ork Look at the picture. Bob ju st crashed into a lam ppost. Some other people saw the accident. What were they doing when it happened? What was Bob doing? Study the picture and try to remember as many details as possible. Then turn to Free ta lk 9B on page 136.

u n it p v k

ЕЕц Which is better? P a irw o rk What are the advantages and disadvantages o f the choices below? Which is better? Give at least three reasons for each choice. Discuss w ith your partner.

Is it better to live in a small house or a big apartment?

Is it m c e rto see a movie on yourTV or on a big screen in a movie theater?

Is it better to own a motorcycle or a car?

o

- — Is it more fun to take a vacatior at the beach or in the city?

A Well, I think it ’s better to own a motorcycle than a car - and it ’s more fun. В Actually, I agree. It’s also easier to find parking spaces when you have a motorcycle. A And it’s just cheaper. Cars use more gas. 134

What’s different? Pair w ork Student A: These people are at the mall on Saturday m orning. Your partner has a picture of

the same people on Saturday afternoon. In th a t picture, each person is different in two ways. Ask ques­ tio ns to find out w h a t’s different. Where did each person go?

/1 Do you see the woman with the dark hair? В Yes. Is she wearing a blue dress in your picture? A Yes, she is. So that’s the same. Does she have a ponytail in your picture? В No, she doesn’t. Her hair is short. So that’s different. A I guess she went to the hair salon. UNITPPS

EEl I might do that. Pair w ork Write your answers to the questions in the chart. Then compare answers w ith a partner.

Ask questions to find out more inform ation and continue the conversations. Can you th in k o f . 1. s o m e th in g yo u may do when you get home tonight? 2. someone you’ ll probably see next week? 3. som e th in g y o u m ight do next year? 4. som ething new yo u ’d like to try? 5. a place you m ight visit in the next five years? 6. som e th in g y o u th in k you’ ll do ify o u earn a lot of money? 7. som e th in g y o u m ight do when you retire? 8. s o m e th in g y o u ’ ll probably n e v e rd o in your life? A OK. So, I may cook myself a nice dinner tonight if I’m not too tired. В Nice. What do you think you’ll cook? A Oh, maybe some pasta or something. В I have a great recipe for pasta. I’ll find it for you. A All right. Thanks.

______ M y answers_______

И ^Я Я Т1И | U N IT H H b

What was happening? Pair w o rk How much do you remember about the picture in Free ta lk 9A on page 134?

1

Discuss the questions w ith a partner. Do you agree on the answers? 1.

What was Bob doing when he crashed? What did he crash into?

9. 10.

What was the man at the flower shop doing? What was the man wearing? What did he shout?

2.

What else was he doing?

3.

What colorwere his sneakers?

4.

What else was he wearing?

5.

Was he wearing a helmet?

12.

What were the girls wearing?

6.

How many people saw the accident?

13.

What was the woman in front of the grocery

7.

What was the young boy holding in his hand?

8.

What happened when the boy saw the accident?

11.

What were the girls in the cafe doing when Bob h it t h e lamppost?

store carrying? 14.

What did she do when Bob passed her?

15.

How many other details can you remember?

A I think he was riding a scooter. В Actually, I’m pretty sure he was riding a skateboard. OK. What did he crash into? 2

Pair w ork Now look at the picture in Free ta lk 9A again to check your answers.

How many did you get right? U N IT IM B b

E m What’s different? Pair w o rk Student B: These people are at the mall on Saturday afternoon. Your partner has a picture o f the same people on Saturday m orning. In th a t picture, each person is different in two ways. Ask questions to find out w h a t’ s different. Where did each person go?

A Do you see the woman with the dark hair?

В Yes. Is she wearing a blue dress in your picture? A Yes, she is. So that’s the same. Does she have a ponytail in your picture?

В No, she doesn’t. Her hair is short. So that’s different. A I guess she went to the hair salon. 136

UNIT

N | 4.31 Listen and repeat the pairs of words. Notice the underlined sounds. Are th e underline d sounds th e same (S) or different (D)? Write 5 or D. 1. fan / afford

имтичь

5

4. delicious / s h i r t .

7. he a l^ i / w e a th e r ___

2. stranger / m a jo r _

5. dog / a lle r g ic __

8. listen / s a la ry ____

3. o f / have ____

6. broke / c a t ____

9. question / quotation

ф)) 4,32 Listen and repeat th e words. Notice the underlined sounds. Are th e sounds like th e sounds in jo [n , so u n d , know , puzzle, or ro ck? Write the words from the box in the correct columns below. 1. a bout

3. country

5. folk

7. now

9. program

2. coin

4. enjoy

6. novel

8. pop

10. som ething

jo in

know

sound

p u zzle

rock ....

about

UNIT

4 ) 4.33 Listen and repeat th e w ords. Notice the underlined sounds. Are th e sounds like th e sounds in often, sneeze, fo o d , or stay? W rite th e words from the box in the correct colum ns below. 1. awful.

3. fever

5 . headache

2. cough

4. flu

6.

o fte n

sneeze

7. meat lose

fo o d

8. weight

stay

^

a w fu l

u n it- *

4 ) 4,34 Listen and repeat th e w ords. Notice the underlined sounds. W hich sound in each group is

E i J I different? Circle th e odd one out. 1.

cap

happy

graduate

celebration

2.

year

wear

careful

there

3.

birthday

party

fireworks

anniversary

4.

stuff

January

music

reunion

137

Sounds right ЧмJr

u n it »

.

.

•

Ц))) 4,35 Listen and repeat the pairs of words. Notice the underlined sounds. Then circle the word w ith

the same sound. W hich w o rd has th e sam e sound?^ 1. geography and physics

pen

or

fan

2. biology and geometry

girl

or

joke

3. chem istry and orchestra

key

or

chair

4. actually and literature

chair

or

tie

5. grade and degree

job

or

gift

^ $ 4.зе Listen and repeat the words. Notice the underlined sounds. Are the sounds like the sounds in

across, cash, go, or shopping? W rite the words from the box in the correct columns below. 1. aquarium

3. block

5. electronics

7. over

2 . bank

4. cafe

6. machine

8. video

across

go

cash

sh o pping 1

a q u a riu m

U N iT

Ц )) 4.37 Listen and repeat the words. Check ( / ) the words th a t have a silent letter /. 1. 0

could

2. П help

U N IT

3. □

m ilk

5. О salmon

7. EH silk

9. I I walk

4. □

ojd

6. EH should

8. I I talk

10. E H w ould

4 .} 4.38 Listen and repeat the words. Notice the underlined sounds. Match the words w ith the same

underlined sounds. 1. jewelrv

138

e

a.

microwave

2. nightstand

b. round

3. oven

c. stove

4. shower

d. stuff

5. sofa

e. suit

ДШ Ш Ш jrrP "%

4sj) 4,39 Listen and repeat the sentences. Notice the underlined sounds. Check ( / ) the verbs tha t have an extra syllable and end in / id /. 1.

□ I called for help.

4. □

2.

О I sprained my wrist.

5. Q It happened last week.

3.

□ I deleted my photos.

6. □

-NITW !4

4J0

I damaged the car.

I waited an hour.

Listen and repeat the words. Notice the

underlined sounds. Arethe sounds like the sound

see or zero ? Write s or z. 1. always

Nim

UNiTgppk liE A

9. message

5. concert

z

2. busy

6. easier

10. nicer

3. business

7. expensive

11. spam

4. calls

8. less

12. worse

Ф)) 4,41 Listen and repeat the words. Notice the underlined sounds. Match the words w ith the same

underlined sounds. 1.

corn rows

a.

beard

2.

freckles

b. braids

3.

mustache

c.

4.

shaved

d. brown

5.

pierced

e. head

6.

wear

f.

7.

blouse

g. short

hair

m uscular

ф)) 4.42 Listen and repeat the words. Notice th a t some syllables are weak like the / э / sound in away or the / э г / sound in dinner. Other syllables are strong, like the syllable sis in assistant. Circle the stressed (strongest) syllable. 1.

as(sTs)tant

3. doctor

5. letter

7. paramedic

9. police

2.

carrier

4. journalist

6. officer

8. promotion

10. representative

139

Extra practice ■

Lesson A

Present of be and simple present (review) R em em ber: s im p le p re s e n t

A Complete the questions using the verbs given. Then w rite

v e rb s w it h he, sh e , and it end

in -s.

true answers.

Are

1. Or_

M y b ro th e r w o rk s p a r t tim e.

(be) you a full-time student?

He s tu d ie s a t n ig h t.

__y o u _________ (have) a part-time job?

2.

How many brothers and sis te rs _________ y o u _____

3.

W h a t_____

. (be) your mother’ s first name?

4.

W h e re .

_ your best fr ie n d _________ (live)?

5.

W h a t_

. your best f r ie n d _________ (do)? _

6.

What__

(be) your neighbors like? ______

7.

How often

(NOT M y b ro th e r w e rk p a r t

(have)?

he or s h e .

tim e. He s tu d y a t n ig h t.)

(live) near you?

(be) he or she a full-time student? (be) they friendly?

____ y o u _________ (get) English homework?

How lo n g . ________ i t __________(take)? you and your fr ie n d s _________ (go out) on Saturday nights? What.

.you.

H ow _

y o u rfa m ily . you.

10 . A bo ut | you I

(do)? _____ (spend) Sundays?

(get together) for lunch?

.y o u r n e ig h b o r h o o d _________ (have) a nice park?

В Pair w ork Ask and answer the questions above. Ask follow -up questions to keep your conversation going.

LeSSO n В

Responses with too and either

Write responses w ith too or either to agree w ith these statements.

A b o u t! you>1 1

1.

sleep late on the weekends.

____________________________

2.

do n ’t live near a subway.

____________________________

3.

’ m an only child.

____________________________

4.

’ m not a baseball fan.

____________________________

5.

have two brothers.

____________________________

6.

can’t stand soap operas.

____________________________

7.

love reality shows.

____________________________

can stand on my head.

____________________________

D

»

Pair w ork Student A: Make the statem ents above true for you. Student B: Give your own responses. Then change roles. What do you have in common?

A I don’t sleep late on the weekends. В I don’t either. I work on Saturdays.

D o n ’t use to o to r e s p o n d to

A Me too. So that’s one thing we have in common.

n e g ativ e s ta te m e n ts . A I d o n ’t h a ve m u c h m oney.

С

Group w ork Find three things th a t you all have in common.

В I d o n ’t e ith e r. (NOT I d o n ’t to o .)

140

Extra practice U N lT M k

Ш

L e s s o n A Verb forms A

Complete the sentences w ith the correct forms of the verbs given. Sometimes there is more than one correct answer.

1.

A

Do you l i k e _________ (perform) on stage?

В Yes. I e n jo y _________ (act). С No, I d o n ’t. I h a t e _________ (do) anything like that in public. 2.

A Are you interested i n _________ (learn) to ski? В Oh, yeah. I’ d l i k e _____________(take) ski lessons. С No, not really. I p re fe r_________ (stay) indoors in the winter.

3.

A

Can y o u ___________(dance)?

В Yes, I can. But I h a t e _________ (go) to discos and dance clubs. С No, I can’t _________ (dance) at all. But I l i k e __________ (watch) dance shows on TV. A

Do you e n jo y (go) to the movies? _

4.

_

В Yes, I really l i k e ( watch) movies on the big screen. С Yeah? I p re fe r_________ (watch) movies at home.

yo u

В

Write your own responses to the questions above. Then ask and answer the questions w ith a partner.

U N IT

L e s s o n В Object pronouns; everybody, nobody A

Write object pronouns where they are necessary in the conversations.

Use an o b je c t a fte r like,

Then compare and practice w ith a partner.

love, etc.

1. A

A d e le is m y fa v o rite sin g e r.

Do you like jazz?

I lik e h e r ve ry m uch.

it

В Yeah, but I d o n ’t listen to very much. Nobody in my fam ily likes. 2.

(NOT I lik e ve ry m u c h .)

A I really love Miles Davis. He’ s my favorite tru m p e t player. Do you know? В Yeah. My whole fam ily likes. He has so many albums. A Yeah, he does. They’ re all good, too. I like.

3.

A I have two tickets for the Adele concert. She’ s my favorite singer. Do you want to go with? В Sure, I’ dlove to go. I love, too.

4.

A I d id n ’t know you play the banjo. I’ d like to hear som etim e. В Well, I have a band. We play in a coffee shop. Come and see on Friday.

A b o u t! you I

В

Group w o r k Make guesses a bout your g ro u p ’ s interests and com plete th e sentences. Then read your sentences to th e group. Are th e y true?

1.

E verybody_______________________

3.

N o b o d y ____

2.

Everyone_______________________

4.

No o n e ___

A I wrote, “ Everybody in m y group listens to jazz. ”

В I d on’t like to listen to it, so th a t’s not true. 141

Extra practice UN!TE I

LeSSOfl

A

,

Simple present and present continuous

A

Complete the things someone says about g ettin g in shape. Use sim ple present or present continuous form o f the verbs.

1.

My friend and I I normally

2. 3.

are tra in in g

take

(train) for a marathon.

(take) the bus to work, but these

D o n ’t co n fu s e th e s im p le p re s e n t

days I _________ (walk) all the way. And my friend

and p re s e n t c o n t in u o u s .

_________ (spend) a lot of time at the gym these days.

N o rm a lly I w a lk to sch o o l.

I u s u a lly _________ (drink) a lot of soda, but right now,

(NOT N o rm a lly P m w a lk in g to s c h o o l.)

I _________ (drink) water instead.

I ’m e a t i n g a s p e c ia l d ie t th is week.

This month, w e _________ (get up) early, and I ________ ______ (go) running. But generally we both . (sleep) late on the

(NOT I e r t a s p e c ia l d ie t th is week.)

weekends. 4.

My f r ie n d _________ u s u a lly __________ (not eat) breakfast, but now h e ___________(have) eggs every morning.

5.

I

_____ (love) cheesecake, but this month I __________ (not eat) desserts. Our friends (complain) because w e .

About ■

you (§

В

(not take) cookies to school right now.

Pair w ork Are any o f the sentences above true for you? What else are you doing d iffe re n tly these days from what you usually do?

“Actually, I normally take the subway to school. But this week I ’m walking some of the way. ” UNITIP %

El

A bo ut I you I

Lesson В

Joining clauses with i f and when

A

Join the phrases w ith when or i f to w rite true sentences about yourself.

1.

have a fever / take medicine W h e n I have a fever, I usually take medicine.

142

2.

lie down fo r a while / feel sick

3.

get a stomachache / stay in bed

4.

have a sore throat / drink hot tea with honey

5.

go to the doctor / have a cough

6.

take aspirin / have a headache

В

Pair w ork What does your partner do in the situations above? Ask and answer questions. A

What do you do if you have a fever?

В

If I feel really hot, I put a cold towel on my head.

иы|тb1Л S About Щ you В

0E LeSSOn A Future with be going to-, indirect objects

A

Write questions (Q) w ith be going to. Then w rite your own answers (A), using indirect object pronouns where necessary.

A b o u t ii you j

1.

w hat / you / give your m other for M other’s Day Q ____________

2.

you / g e ty o u r p a r e n ts /s o m e th in g fo r th e ir anniversary Q_

3.

you / give your t e a c h e r / a thank-you card at the end of the year Q .

4.

how / you / celebrate your birthday this year Q

5.

how old / your best friends / be on their next birthdays Q_

6.

you / give someone a birthday present this month Q

В

P a irw o rk Ask and answ erth e questions.

A

R e m em b e r th e c o rre ct w o rd o r d e r in q u e s tio n s . W h a t a re y o u g o in g to do? (NOT W h a t y ou a re g o in g to do?)

What are you going to give your mother for Mother’s Day?

В I ’m probably going to buy her some flowers and get her a card. UNITP %

LeSSOn В Present continuous for the future; be going to

A

Complete the conversations w ith the correct forms of the verbs. Use the present continuous when possible. Use be going to when you can’t use the present continuous.

1.

A

.y o u .

В Y e a h , I __________

__________ (go out) tonight? (take) my girlfriend to the Harbor Grill for din n e r to n ig h t for her birthday.

I ______________ (pick) her up in 30 minutes. A Wow. That place is fancy. I t ______________ (be) expensive. (love) it.

В Yeah, but she. 2.

A

(do) anything interesting tom orrow tonight?

you

В Actually, yes. I ___________

(meet) some friends at 8 :0 0 to go to a concert.

I t ______________ (be) so much fun. 3.

A W e ______________ (play) softball tom orrow. Do you w ant to join us? В Sure. That sounds like fun. What t i m e ______________ y o u __________________ (get together)?

A W e ______________ (meet) at 11:00, but I heard i t ______________ (rain). 4.

A Some of my classm ates______________ (have) a party tom orrow night. Do you want to come? В Actually, I probably can’t make it. I ______________ (work) tom orrow from 5:00 to 10:00, and after th a t I th in k I

About Ц you I f

В

(be) too tired.

Pair w ork Ask and answer the questions above. Give your own answers.

143

Extra practice Lesson A

A

b e b o rn ; s im p le p a s t (review); tim e e x p re s s io n s

Complete th e conversations. Use th e sim ple past form o f the verbs given and com plete the tim e expressions.

1. A

W h e r e _________ y o u __________(grow up)?

В I _________ (grow up) in the Boston area. I __________ (live) t h e r e __________ 1 9 9 0 __________ 1999. But I _________ (not / be born) there. A

Oh, really? W h e r e _________ y o u __________(be born)?

В Actually, I _________ (be born) in Atlanta. I ___________________________ (go) to school t h e r e _____five o sixyears. 2. A _________ y o u __________(take) any music lessons when you were a kid? В Yeah, I _________ (take) piano le s s o n s __________ seven y e a r s ,__________I was fifteen. A

Really? So, do you still play?

В Yeah. Actually, I _________ (play) in a concert a few m o n t h s __________ . And I __________ (give) a c o n c e rt_________ May, too. 3.

A _________ y o u __________ (enjoy) school when you were young? В Yeah. Well, I _________ (like) i t __________ I was about e le v e n ._______ _________ (get) difficult. So I __________ (have) a t u t o r __________ I ___

the w ork ___ (start)

m iddle school. S h e _________ (be) nice. Ab^ l

В

Pair w o r k Ask and answ er th e question s above. Give your own answers

U N IT |p %

1 Ш

Lesson В

A

D e te rm in e rs

Maria is stu d y in g English in a college in the United States. She compared the high school experiences o f her current classm ates w ith th e experiences of students in her hom e country. Circle th e correct determ iners.

1.

In M aria’s home country,(all)/ all o f / none high school students take English. In her current class, (all o f)/ some / a few the students took English in high school.

2.

No / M ost / Some o f Maria’ s current classmates were interested in English in high school. In her home country, a few o f / m ost / none o f students are interested in English, and a few o f / m ost o f / some students are not.

3.

Some / Some o f / M ost her classmates in the U.S. got good grades in English in high school, but a few / m ost / some o f them d id n ’t. In her home country, m ost / some of / a lot students get good grades in English.

4.

In her home country, a few / some o f / none o f students study languages other than English, but no / none o f / none her classmates did.

В

Write four sentences a bout language lea rn in g in your country. Write a bout people in general and your own classmates. Then compare w ith a partner. A l l s tu d e n ts in h ig h s c h o o l ta k e E n g lis h here. I th in k m o s t o f th e s tu d e n ts in m y class a re in te re s te d in E n g lis h because . . .

144

Extra practice 4th Ave. Cafe Milano

Star Fitness

Pedro's Mexican

Wright's Department Store

Delta Cinema

Art Museum

Columbus Bank

Sushi Fujiyama

Post

Shoes Galore

Office

SUBWAY

Johnson's Furniture

Jimmy's Deli

CO 2 ш

3 rd Ave. a

m

Estrella Ladies' Fashions Joe's Cafe

Bell Street Hotel

Parking Lot

The Blue Room Jazz Club

Zippy's Cameras & Electronics

Aii-Rex Drugs Lucky Dragon Chinese Restaurant

j

Lorenzo's Italian Restaurant

LeSSOn A

24-Hour Convenience Store

Albinoni's Supermarket a

Taj Mahal Indian Restaurant

ILLm Lesson A

W hose . .. ?; Possessive pronouns

Complete the questions w ith w hose and a verb. Then complete the conversation w ith possessive pronouns. Practice w ith a partner. 1.

Teacher

I can hear a cell phone! Uh.

S tu d e n t

Oh, I’ m really sorry. It’ s

2. Teacher

3.

whose

m ine

I th in k someone left a b a c k p a c k ..

..

phone.

is

it?

Sorry. I just turned it off. ____ b a c k p a c k __________ u n d e r th a t chair?

S tu d e n t

Um, Mario has a backpack like that. I t h i n k i t ’ s.

Teacher

Two people forgot to write th e ir names on the te s t __________ tests

S tu d e n t

Let’ s see. That looks like Angela’ s handw riting. It’ s probably,

these? . Oh, and

th a t ’ s __________ Sorry I forgot to put my name on it. 4.

Teacher

found these glasses last week after c la s s ..

S tu d e n t

Well, M anuel usually wears glasses in class. Maybe th e y ’ r e .

Teacher

Excuse me, M anuel. I th in k these a r e __________ . science project.

5. Teacher S tu d e n t

uNiTm

. glasses

_ they?

.this? Does anyone know?

Oh, it’ s Dana and Pam’ s. Well, I th in k it ’s .

Q

B

B

k

____ _

Use one fo r a s in g u la r noun and

LeSSOn

В

ones fo r a p lu ra l no u n.

Order of adjectives; pronouns one and ones

I w a n t to b u y a n e w c e ll p h o ne . W hich o n e s h o u ld I g e t?

Complete these conversations w ith the pronouns one or ones.

(NOT W hich o n e s s h o u ld I g e t?)

Unscramble the last sentences. Then practice w ith a partner. 1.

A

I need to buy a new w ater bottle. Should I buy a p la s tic _____

or a m e t a l.

В You can get some really c o o l__________ get / You / metal / nice / should / a / one

2. A

I th in k shoes are expensive. Maybe because I always buy expensive le a th e r________

В I know a great d iscount store, shoes / leather / buy / inexpensive / You / can / there

3.

A You needed a new tablet cover, right? Did you find a nice В Uh-huh. red / one / found / plastic / I / a / pretty

4. A

I need new pants f o r t h e winter. W h i c h _________ should I buy? Some w ool pants o r th o s e cotton

_______ ? В Well, w ool is nice, get / You / some / pants / should / w ool / black

5. A What kind of rug did you buy fo r y o u r bedroom? A T u r k is h _________ ? В Actually, I decided to buy som ething different, beautiful / 1/ a / Indian / rug / bought / little

147

W iT W

\

l i i Lesson A

Past continuous statements

A

Complete th e sentences w ith th e past continuo us or th e s im ple past. Compare w ith a partner.

1.

I was in class last week, and the teacher ____ fe ll

was e xplainin g

(explain) something, and I just

(fall) asleep. When I ___________ (wake up), I realized that everyone____________(look)

at me. 2.

Yesterday I ___________ (walk) down the street, and I ___________ (text) a friend when I ___________ (walk) right into a lamppost. I guess I ___________ (not pay) attention.

3.

My sister and her h u s b a n d __________ (carry) some dishes into the kitchen when they both ___________ (trip) over a rug. T h e y ___________ (drop) a n d ___________ (break) all their new dishes!

4.

Last week a friend of m in e ___________ (invite) me over for dinner. In the afternoon, when s h e ___________ (cook), s h e ___________ (pick up) a heavy pot a n d ___________ (hurt) her back. When I ___________ (arrive), s h e ___________ (lie) on the sofa, so I ___________ (make) dinner for us!

5.

The other day, a friend and I were at my house. W e ___________ (not / do) anything special, so I ___________ (say), “ Come on. Let’s go out for coffee. It’ s on me.” While I ___________ (wait) in line to order, I ___________ (realize) I d id n ’t have my wallet. So my f r ie n d ___________ (pay) for everything. I was really embarrassed.

Abyuu 1 В

Choose tw o o f the s itu a tio n s above and rewrite them w ith your own in fo rm a tio n .

I was in class la st week, a n d m y frie n d was sending a te xt when the teacher asked him a question. UN'T| 5 \

Lesson В

Past c o n tin u o u s q u e s tio n s ; re fle x iv e p r o n o u n s

Use th e p a s t c o n t in u o u s , n o t t h e s im p le past, fo r

A

Complete the question s in th e conversations and add reflexive pronouns. Practice w ith a partner.

lo n g e r a c tio n s. W hen I w as m a k in g d in n e r, a fr ie n d ca lle d .

1. A

2.

I accidentally burned

m yself

when I was cooking dinner.

(NOT When I m a d e d in n e r, a fr ie n d ca lle d .)

В

Oh. no! What were y o u m a k in g (make)?

A

I was making a vegetable curry.

A

My sister h u r t ______________ at the gym last night. She sprained her ankle.

В That’s too b a d ________________ (do) aerobics?

3.

A

No, she was d o in g y o g a . I guess you can h u r t ______________ i f y o u ’ re not careful.

A

Was there anyone fun at the party last night? I mean, w h o ______________ (talk) to?

В Oh, this really boring guy. He talked a b o u t ______________ the w hole tim e. I d id n ’t talk a b o u t ______________ once! 4.

A

When I got home last night, my kids were arguing.

В Really? W h a t ______________ (fight) about?

5.

A

Who should do the dishes. I ju st c an’t leave them b y _______________

A

There was a lot of noise when I called you

В

Last night? I was having din n e r w ith some friends at a restaurant. We were really

last night. W h a t _________ (do)?

e n jo y in g _______________ В

P a ir w o r k Think of s itu a tio n s like th e ones above. Tell a partner w h a t happened. “ I accidentally burned m yself when I was camping la st sum m er.”

148

UN,T!T\ Ш Lesson A A

Comparative adjectives

Complete these questions w ith the comparative forms of the adjectives ( f = more; | = less). Compare w ith a partner. Then w rite an answer for each question.

In your opinion . . . 1.

Which is

less expensive

A n e-reader is

(expensive I ) , an e-reader or a tablet?

less expensive th a n a tablet, b u t a ta b le t is m ore useful.

2.

Is i t ______________ (easy f ) to read an e-book or a regular book outside?

3.

Which i s _____________ (useful I ) , a cell phone or a tablet?

4.

Is i t ______________ (difficult I ) to write an email on a laptop or on a smartphone?

5.

Which i s _____________ ( n i c e f ) fo rp e rso n a l messages,

6.

Is i t ______________ (bad j ) to lose your laptop o ry o u r phone?

7.

Is i t ____________ (good f ) to hold your cell phone or use an earpiece when

8.

Why are phone

Abyou| В

email o r a social network?

you call someone?

calls b e c o m in g ____ ( p o p u l a r ! ) than text messages?

Pair w ork Take turns asking and answering the questions. Give reasons for your opinions,

имтриь

Км 4 LeSSOn В More, less, fewer

Use th a n a fte r a c o m p a r a tiv e , n o t th a t or th e n .

A

Complete the sentences w ith m ore, less, or few er. Then compare w ith a partner.

1.

I’ m spending

less

because I’m very busy

Texting is q u ic k e r th a n c a llin g . ^(NOT Texting is q u ic k e r th a t c a llin g .)^

time on my social network these

days

at work.

2.

I’ m g e ttin g _________ exercise now because I’ m walking home from work every day.

3.

My friends and I text each oth e rve ry late at night, so I’ m s le e p in g _________ than I should.

4.

My friends prefer texting to email, so they’ re sending m e _________ email messages these days.

5.

I d o n ’t have much tim e to cook, so I’ m eating o u t _________ than I did before.

6.

I don’t like big groups. I enjoy myself_________ when I have dinner with just one or two close friends.

7.

I feel a bit shy in groups. I usually t a l k _________ than other people.

8.

In my family, w e’ re watching TV_________ together because w e’ re all spending m o r e a n d m o r e tim e on our laptops.

you

J§

9.

I’ m b u y in g _________ newspapers now because I’ m getting my news online.

в

Pair w ork Are the sentences above true for you? Discuss w ith your partner. “ I th in k I’m spending more tim e on my social netw ork these days. I have more and more friends a ro u n d 500 now .” 149

- m About you

LeSSO n A

Describing people; have g o t

Write questions for the answers. Practice w ith a partner. Then ask

Do n o t use lo o k lik e before

and answer the questions, g iv in g yo u r own inform ation.

an a d je c tiv e . He lo o k s tire d .

1. A ______________________________ , your m other or your father? I th in k I look more like my mother. 2.

A

В My fath e r’ s hair is dark brown. 3.

4.

A

______________________________

В

No, she d o e s n ’t. She’s got very straight hair.

A

____________________________________________

В My mother? She’s about one meter seventy-five (five foot seven). 5.

A __________________________________________________________________ В My best friend? He’s tall and thin, and he’s got curly black hair.

6.

A

______________________________________________________________________

В No, we d o n ’t lo o k a lik e . My friend is a lot taller than I am.

LeSSOfl A

В

Phrases with the verb + -ing and prepositions

Someone is asking questions about the people in the photo. Unscramble the sentences. Label the people. Then practice w ith a partner.

1. A

the / with / the / blond hair / tall / w h o ’ s / guy

__________________________________________ ? В That’ s Adrian. He’s a bout six foot four. 2.

A

woman / w h o ’ s / standing / the / him / next to

__________________________________________ ? В Angela. She’s in my math class. 3. A

w earing / the / wom an / yellow / the / top / blond / w h o ’s

В That’ s Abby. She’ s a good friend of Daniel’ s.

4.

A Daniel? Is he in the picture? В Yeah, the / he’s / shaved head / guy / with / the

5.

A Is your friend Gina in the picture? Which one

is she?

В top / the / in / she’ s / orange / woman / the

В

P a irw o rk Ask and answer questions about the people in the photo.

“ Which one is Adrian?” 150

“ Who’s the woman wearing the orange top?”

(NOT He i o o ks lik e tire d .)

Extra practice

uN im Lesson A

Future with will, may, and m ight D o n ’t use th e s im p le

A

p re s e n t in s te a d o f w ill +

Read the questions about future plans and choose the

ve rb fo r p re d ic tio n s .

best options in the answers. Then practice w ith a partner.

I d o n ’t th in k i t w ill ra in .

1. A Are you going to the beach on Saturday?

(NOT I d o n ’t th in k i t w in s .)

В Probably not. It looks like it ’ ll rain / it rains all weekend. 2.

A Do you have plans to move to a new apartment? В Actually, I’ ll move / I’ m m oving next week - I just found a new place!

3.

A Are you going to take another English course next semester? В I’ m not sure. I m ig h t not / I w on’t have enough time.

4. A How are you going to celebrate your next birthday?

В Well, I’ ll be / 1 may be 30 on my next birthday, but I d o n ’t th in k I’ ll / 1 may do anything special. 5.

A Do you th in k y o u ’ ll travel abroad in the next couple of years? В I d o n ’t know. Maybe I’ ll go / 1go to Spain to learn Spanish.

6.

A Do you t h i n k y o u ’ ll be rich someday? В , No. I know I w o n ’t / 1 may not be rich because I’ m not very good with money.

A bo ut 1 you I

В

Pair w ork Ask and answer the questions. Give your own inform ation.

uN ,m Lesson В

Present tense verbs with future meaning D o n ’t use w ill a fte r if, w hen,

A

Choose the best expressions to complete these questions.

b e fo re , and a fte r to refer to

Then compare w ith a partner.

t h e future . W hen I g ra d u a te , I ’ll lo o k fo r

1. Are you going to do anything interesting after class w ill be / is over today? 2. Afteryou w ill eat / eat dinner tonight, are you g o in g to do any work?

a jo b . (NOT When I w ill g ra d u a te , I ’ll lo o k fo r a jo b .)

3. What do you t h in k y o u ’ ll do / you do before you go to bed tonight?

4. If you don’t / w on’t fall asleep right away, do you t h in k y o u ’ ll read for a while? 5. W hat’s the first th in g you’ re going to do when you’ ll get up / you get up tom orrow morning? 6. Are you going to exercise tom orrow before you’ ll have / you have breakfast? 7. If it doesn’t / w on’t rain tomorrow, do you t h in k y o u ’ ll go running or go for a walk? 8. Are you going to meet your friends tom orrow when you get out / w ill get out of class? 9. If you don’t / w on’t have tim e to eat breakfast at home tomorrow, will you have an early lunch? 10. If you w ill go out / go out this weekend, where w ill you go? About j you I

В

Pair w ork Ask and answer the questions. What do you have in common?

151

A

Illustration credits Harry Briggs: 27, 79, 95,100,101,134 Bunky Hurter: 10, 20, 30, 42, 52, 62 (bottom ), 74, 84, 9 4,106,116,126 Cambridge University Press: 47 (bottom left border), 55, 66 (top rig h t), 94 (top) Kim Johnson: 25, 81, 91,128,132 Scott Macneil: 18, 54, 56, 60, 62 (top), 145 Frank Montagna: 28,124,135,136 Q2A studio artists: 69, 86, 111,120 Gavin Reece: 31, 87,103,121 Lucy Truman: 4, 89, 9 6,1 08 ,1 2 7

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Text credits While every effort has been made, it has not always been possible to ide n tify the sources of all the materials used, or to trace the copyright holders. If any om issions are brought to our notice, we w ill be happy to include the appropriate acknowledgem ents on reprinting. 50 Interview used w ith permission o f Joseph Hodgson.

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