No. 2B730-818EN*A OPERATION MANUAL FOR DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND SYSTEM MODEL SSA-580A [APPLICATIONS] (2B730-818EN*A) IMP
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No. 2B730-818EN*A
OPERATION MANUAL FOR DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND SYSTEM
MODEL SSA-580A [APPLICATIONS] (2B730-818EN*A)
IMPORTANT! Read and understand this manual before operating the equipment. After reading, keep this manual in an easily accessible place.
TOSHIBA MEDICAL SYSTEMS CORPORATION 2006 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
YEM55600C-1
IMPORTANT! 1. No part of this manual may be copied or reprinted, in whole or in part, without written permission. 2. The contents of this manual are subject to change without prior notice and without our legal obligation.
No. 2B730-818EN*A C-1
YEM55600C-1 *
REVISION RECORD REV.
DATE (MM/YY)
INI.
01/'06
*A
04/'06
REASON /AUTHOR Mr. Ueki Support of V1.1
PAGE CHANGED -------
SER. No.
DOC. PRODUCT.
TM-WI2
Mr. Ueki
No. 2B730-818EN*A R-1
YEM55600C-1 *
Safety Precautions 1.
Meaning of Signal Words
In this operation manual, the signal words DANGER, WARNING, and CAUTION are used regarding safety and other important instructions. The signal words and their meanings are defined as follows. Please understand their meanings clearly before reading this manual.
Signal word
DANGER
Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
WARNING
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
CAUTION
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury.
CAUTION
2.
Meaning
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in property damage.
Meaning of Safety Symbols Symbol
Description Type-BF applied part ECG
:
Others :
Type-BF equipment Type-BF when Type-BF applied part is connected. All ultrasound transducers and PCG microphone can be connected to this system are Type-BF applied part.
"Attention" (Refer to the operation manual.)
No. 2B730-818EN*A S-1
YEM55600C-1
3.
Safety Precautions
Please observe the following precautions to ensure patient and operator safety when using this system.
WARNING:
1. Using a contrast medium (1) Handle the contrast medium as described in the operation manual supplied with the contrast medium. TOSHIBA is not liable for any damage or injury resulting from misuse of contrast media. (2) Check the side effects of the contrast medium used with the manufacturer of the contrast medium. (3) If there is an abnormality with the patient during use of the contrast medium, stop the examination and perform appropriate treatment. (4) Cavitation may occur due to interactions between the ultrasonic waves and the contrast medium. Always perform examination using the ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) principle. The acoustic power can be changed using the ACOUSTIC POWER dial on the main panel. 2. If the temperature detection function of the transesophageal transducer becomes abnormal, the message below is displayed.
In this case, stop the examination immediately, make the angle free, return the transducer to a neutral angle, and then withdraw the transducer carefully. Then, contact your Toshiba service representative. 3. During scanning using the transesophageal transducer, the following message is displayed if the temperature at the transducer end exceeds 43°C for two minutes or more. "Shut down system immediately." In this case, stop the examination immediately, make the angle free, return the transducer to a neutral angle, and then withdraw the transducer carefully. The diagnostic ultrasound system must be restarted in order to perform examination again. 4. Refer to the Operation Manual (Basic Volume) for precautions regarding the use of this system.
No. 2B730-818EN*A S-2
YEM55600C-1
CAUTION: 1. Display the most suitable image and select the most suitable measurement tool for the intended measurement. The appropriate measurement methods and results must be determined by a specialist. 2. Press SET to fix the data during measurement or during measurement modification. Note, however, that the following operations may also fix the measurement. Pressing the NEXT switch Performing one of the following measurement-related operations -
Starting HR input
-
Selecting one of menu items [ROI A] to [ROI D] during TIC or ACM measurement
-
Selecting another measurement item on the menu
Confirm that the measurement is performed correctly. 3. If the measurement is not fixed for an application measurement, the measurement results are not displayed in the Report. 4. The basic measurement results are not displayed in the report. 5. Be sure to perform measurement within images. If the area outside an image is included in a measurement, incorrect diagnosis may result. 6. The detailed precautions for each measurement and function are described in the corresponding section. Read and understand these precautions before performing the measurement or using the function. 7. Data in temporary storage areas, such as the image memory, is deleted when the power supply is turned OFF or when the New Patient switch is pressed. Such data may also occasionally be deleted due to accidents. To minimize the possibility of reexamination being required as a result of unintended data deletion, back up the required images on external storage media such as DVDs, CDs, or videotapes. 8. Do not perform measurements on VCR images acquired with a system other than Nemio XG.
No. 2B730-818EN*A S-3
YEM55600C-1
CAUTION: 9. Before performing measurement on a VCR image, confirm that the code starting with "M" displayed at the bottom of the monitor matches the value that appears in the Playback Code field of the Playback Calibration dialog when the measurement button is pressed. If the code does not match the value displayed in the Playback Code field, make them match by entering the code displayed at the bottom of the monitor in the Playback Code field or by taking other appropriate actions. It should be noted that measurement cannot be performed on a VCR image if no code is displayed at the bottom of the monitor. Also confirm that the scale and graduations are displayed clearly. The scale and graduations may not be seen clearly depending on when the playback is paused. In this case, pause the playback again at a time when the scale and graduations are clearly seen. 10. Compared with normal measurements, measurement accuracy when using VCR images is lower. In the worst case, the error may be 8%. 11. It is also possible to perform measurement using an image on which measurement has been performed during examination and to print the image with the results of the two measurements. In the case of black-and-white printing, the caliper and measurement results for the first measurement may be confused with those for the second measurement. To prevent such confusion in later image viewing on printed images, take appropriate measures such as placing an identification mark at the head of the results of the first measurement. 12. There are two types of measurement results: measurement values that are measured directly by the user and calculation values that are calculated from measurement values. Measurement values are obtained by measurements performed by the user and are rounded off. Calculation values, on the other hand, are obtained by calculating measurement values (internal values) without rounding off in order to improve the accuracy of calculation and then rounding off the calculation results. Therefore, calculation values may differ from the values obtained by calculating displayed measurement values. 13. Refer to the Operation Manual (Basic Volume) for precautions regarding the use of this system.
No. 2B730-818EN*A S-4
YEM55600C-1 *
Intellectual Property Availability of This Software and Related Documents is Restricted. The software used for this system is licensed to Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation by a Licensor. (1) The software and related documents must be used only for this system. (2) The intellectual property of this software and related documents is not assigned to you. (3) You must not copy the software or documents, nor modify the software in whole or in part. (4) You must not recompile or reassemble the software. (5) You must not assign, disclose, transfer, or sublicense the software or documents to a third party. (6) The software is subject to the U.S. and Japanese Export Administration Laws and Regulations and you must not export or re-export the software in whole or in part unless properly authorized by the U.S. or Japanese government. (7) The information in the documents, or programs in the software are subject to change without notice.
No. 2B730-818EN*A L-1
YEM55600C-1 *
Organization of the Operation Manuals 1.
Notation Conventions
In this operation manual, the following words are used in addition to the signal words related to the safety precautions (refer to "Safety Precautions"). Please read this operation manual before using the system. NOTE:
2.
Indicates information of interest to users of system as to exceptional conditions or operating procedures.
Operation Manuals
A TOSHIBA service person or instructor will explain the basic operating procedures for this system at the time of delivery. However, read this operation manual carefully before using the system in order to understand the detailed operating procedures, functions, performance, and maintenance procedures. The organization of the documents supplied with this system is shown below:
Main unit operation manual
Describes detailed system information on preparation, operating procedures, maintenance checks, and functions.
Transducer operation manuals
Describe the operating and sterilization procedures for transducers.
No. 2B730-818EN*A U-1
YEM55600C-1
3.
Entry Keys
In this manual, keys on the keyboard are represented as shown in the table below. Description
Actual key operation
Press Z .
Press
Press Shift .
Press
Press Shift
Z .
Press Enter .
Press
Z
.
Shift
Z
.
while holding down
Press
Shift
.
.
The following switches on the main panel are represented as shown in the table below. Description
Actual switch operation
Press the SET switch.
SELECT
Press
. SET
Press the NEXT switch.
SELECT
Press
. NEXT
4.
Screens in This Operation Manual
Depending on the software version, the preset settings, and whether options are used or not, the actual screens may appear different from those shown in this manual.
No. 2B730-818EN*A U-2
YEM55600C-1 *
Table of Contents Safety Precautions ...................................................................................................... S-1 Intellectual Property ................................................................................................... L-1 Organization of the Operation Manuals ......................................................U-1
System Setting Changes 1.
Change and Registration of Standard Settings ..................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1
Displaying the Preset Screen ......................................................... 1-1
1.2
Changing the System Environmental Settings (System Configuration) ....................................................................... 1-2
1.3
Changing the Date and Time (Time Correction) ............... 1-3
1.4
Changing Image Parameter Settings (Image Process) ........................................................................................ 1-4
1.5
Setting the Color Velocity Range (Scale Set) ..................... 1-5
1.6
Changing the Needle Mark (Needle Adapter) ..................... 1-6
1.7
Setting Parameters for Each Exam (Exam Preset) ......... 1-7
1.7.1
Changing the region name (name of the anatomical region to be examined)............................. 1-8
1.7.2
Changing initial settings in each mode................................................ 1-9
1.7.3
Changing display items in the measurement menu ..................... 1-10
1.7.4
Changing the functions assigned to measurement switches ............................................................................. 1-11
1.7.5
Creating a user body mark menu ......................................................... 1-12
1.7.6
Changing and registering the annotation menu............................. 1-15
1.7.7
Changing and registering measurements......................................... 1-20
1.7.8
Changing items to be displayed in the menu .................................. 1-21
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1.7.9
Changing the hospital name and the examination department ........................................................................... 1-22
1.8
Changing the Display Conditions for Markers and Other Items (Visual Customize) .................................................. 1-23
Measurements 2.
2D-Mode Measurements .................................................... 2-1
2.1
Distance Measurement (Distance) .............................................. 2-1
2.1.1
Measurement procedures .......................................................................... 2-1
2.1.2
Modifying measurements ........................................................................... 2-2
2.2
Trace Length Measurement (Trace Length)......................... 2-3
2.2.1
Trace All ............................................................................................................. 2-4
2.2.2
Trace Spline ..................................................................................................... 2-5
2.3
Angle Measurement (Angle) ............................................................ 2-6
2.3.1
Measurement procedures .......................................................................... 2-6
2.3.2
Modifying measurements ........................................................................... 2-7
2.4
Area/Circumference Measurement (Area) ............................. 2-8
2.4.1
Trace All ............................................................................................................. 2-9
2.4.2
Trace Spline ................................................................................................... 2-10
2.4.3
Elliptical approximation (Ellipse) .......................................................... 2-11
2.4.4
Cross ................................................................................................................. 2-13
2.5
Volume Measurement (Volume).................................................. 2-15
2.5.1
Measurement procedures ........................................................................ 2-15
2.5.2
Modifying measurements ......................................................................... 2-16
2.6
Cross Measurement (Cross).......................................................... 2-17
2.6.1
Measurement procedures ........................................................................ 2-17
2.6.2
Modifying measurements ......................................................................... 2-18
No. 2B730-818EN*A -b-
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2.7
Parallel Measurement (Parallel) .................................................. 2-19
2.7.1
Measurement procedures ........................................................................ 2-19
2.7.2
Modifying measurements ......................................................................... 2-20
2.8
Joint Measurement (Joint) .............................................................. 2-21
2.8.1
Measurement procedures ........................................................................ 2-21
2.9
Prostate Measurement (Prostate).............................................. 2-23
2.10
Percent Stenosis (% STENOSIS) ................................................ 2-25
2.11
Left Ventricular Function Measurement (LV) .................... 2-26
2.11.1
SINGLE PLANE ELLIPSE method ......................................................... 2-27
2.11.2
BIPLANE ELLIPSE method ...................................................................... 2-29
2.11.3
BULLET method ........................................................................................... 2-31
2.11.4
SIMPSON'S method .................................................................................... 2-32
2.11.5
SIMPSON'S SINGLE PLANE method ................................................... 2-34
2.11.6
SIMPSON'S BIPLANE method ................................................................ 2-36
2.11.7
CUBE method ................................................................................................ 2-42
2.11.8
TEICHHOLZ method ................................................................................... 2-48
2.11.9
GIBSON method ........................................................................................... 2-48
2.12
2D-Mode Profile (2D-Profile) .......................................................... 2-49
2.12.1
Measurement procedures ........................................................................ 2-49
2.12.2
Modifying measurements ......................................................................... 2-50
2.12.3
Copying measurements ............................................................................ 2-50
2.13
Histogram Measurement (2D-Histogram) ............................ 2-51
2.13.1
Measurement procedures ........................................................................ 2-51
2.13.2
Copying measurements ............................................................................ 2-51
2.14
Mean IMT Measurement .................................................................... 2-52
No. 2B730-818EN*A -c-
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3.
M-Mode Measurements ....................................................... 3-1
3.1
Distance Measurement (Distance) .............................................. 3-1
3.1.1
Measurement procedures .......................................................................... 3-1
3.1.2
Display layout for measured values ...................................................... 3-1
3.2
Time Measurement (Time)................................................................. 3-2
3.3
Slope Measurement (Slope)............................................................. 3-3
3.3.1
Measurement procedures .......................................................................... 3-3
3.3.2
Modifying measurements ........................................................................... 3-4
3.4
Heart Rate Measurement (HR)........................................................ 3-5
3.5
Left Ventricular Function Measurement (LV) ...................... 3-6
3.5.1
CUBE method (M-mode) ............................................................................. 3-7
3.5.2
TEICHHOLZ method ................................................................................... 3-12
3.5.3
GIBSON method ........................................................................................... 3-12
3.6
Mitral Valve Measurement (MV) .................................................. 3-13
3.7
Aortic Valve Measurement (Aortic) .......................................... 3-14
3.8
Percent Stenosis Measurement (% STENOSIS).............. 3-15
4.
CDI-Mode Measurements ................................................. 4-1
4.1
Flow Velocity (Color Vel) .................................................................... 4-1
4.1.1
Measurement procedures .......................................................................... 4-1
4.1.2
Modifying measurements ........................................................................... 4-2
4.2
Color-Mode Profile Measurement (Color Profile) ............ 4-3
5.
Doppler-Mode Measurements .................................... 5-1
5.1
Flow Velocity Measurement (Velocity) .................................... 5-1
5.2
Acceleration Measurement (Accel) ............................................ 5-2
No. 2B730-818EN*A -d-
YEM55600C-1
5.3
Time Measurement (Time)................................................................. 5-3
5.4
Heart Rate Measurement (HR)........................................................ 5-3
5.5
Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace) ............................... 5-4
5.5.1
Trace All ............................................................................................................. 5-4
5.5.2
Trace Spline ..................................................................................................... 5-6
5.5.3
Trace Line ......................................................................................................... 5-6
5.5.4
Auto-trace ......................................................................................................... 5-7
5.6
VTI Measurement (Conti. Equation) ......................................... 5-10
5.7
Doppler Flow Volume Measurement (F Vol VTI) ............. 5-11
5.8
Velocity Measurement (F Vol Vel Trace) .............................. 5-13
5.9
Velocity Ratio Measurement.......................................................... 5-15
5.9.1
RATIO measurement .................................................................................. 5-15
5.9.2
RI measurement (RI) ................................................................................... 5-17
5.10
Mitral Valve Measurement (Mitral Valve) .............................. 5-18
5.11
Mitral Valve Regurgitation Measurement (Mitral Regurgitation: MR) ............................................................. 5-20
5.12
Aortic Valve Function Measurement (Aortic Valve) ............................................................................................ 5-22
5.13
Aortic Valve Regurgitation Measurement (Aortic Regurgitation: AR) ............................................................. 5-25
5.14
Tricuspid Valve Measurement (Tricuspid Valve) ........... 5-26
5.15
Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation Measurement (Tricuspid Regurgitation: TR) ..................................................... 5-28
5.16
Pulmonary Valve Measurement (Pulmonary Valve) .... 5-30
5.17
Pulmonary Vein Measurement (Pulmonary Vein) .......... 5-33
6.
Cardiac Report/Worksheet ............................................. 6-1 No. 2B730-818EN*A -e-
YEM55600C-1
6.1
Report Function ........................................................................................ 6-2
6.2
Worksheet Function .............................................................................. 6-3
6.3
List of Cardiac Report/Worksheet Measurement Titles ................................................................................ 6-5
7.
Obstetric Calculations .......................................................... 7-1
7.1
Outline of Obstetric Calculations ................................................ 7-1
7.1.1
Outline of operating procedures ............................................................. 7-3
7.1.2
Abbreviations used ....................................................................................... 7-3
7.1.3
Items measured .............................................................................................. 7-4
7.1.4
Items calculated ............................................................................................. 7-6
7.1.5
Gestational age calculation data ............................................................. 7-7
7.2
Fetal Growth Measurement Menu ............................................. 7-12
7.2.1
2D-mode menu .............................................................................................. 7-12
7.2.2
Doppler-mode menu ................................................................................... 7-13
7.3
Entry and Calculation of OB Dates........................................... 7-14
7.3.1
LMP method ................................................................................................... 7-15
7.3.2
EDD method ................................................................................................... 7-16
7.3.3
PREV method ................................................................................................ 7-17
7.3.4
CLIN method .................................................................................................. 7-18
7.4
Measurement Methods ...................................................................... 7-19
7.4.1
Operating procedures for obtaining the number of weeks........ 7-19
7.4.2
Amniotic fluid index measurements (AFI) ......................................... 7-20
7.5
Registering OB Calculation Data ............................................... 7-21
7.5.1
Starting up the registration menu for OB Calculation data ....... 7-23
7.5.2
Setting procedures...................................................................................... 7-26
7.6
Birth Registration .................................................................................. 7-42 No. 2B730-818EN*A -f-
YEM55600C-1
7.7
OB Item Registration ........................................................................... 7-45
7.7.1
Starting up the OB Item registration screen .................................... 7-45
7.7.2
OB Item (2D) screen.................................................................................... 7-46
7.7.3
OB Item (2D) Save screen ........................................................................ 7-50
7.7.4
OB Item (2D) Load screen ........................................................................ 7-51
7.8
OB Item D-Mode Registration ....................................................... 7-52
7.8.1
Starting up the OB Item D-mode registration screen ................... 7-52
7.8.2
OB Item D-mode screen ............................................................................ 7-53
7.8.3
OB Item (D Mode) Save screen .............................................................. 7-55
7.8.4
OB Item (D Mode) Load screen .............................................................. 7-56
8.
OB Report/Worksheet ........................................................... 8-1
8.1
Outline.............................................................................................................. 8-1
8.2
OB Report Function ............................................................................... 8-1
8.3
OB Worksheet Function ..................................................................... 8-6
8.4
OB Datalist Function ........................................................................... 8-11
8.5
OB Trend Graph Function ............................................................... 8-14
9.
User Registration of Measurements ................. 9-1
9.1
What Is User Registration of Measurements ...................... 9-1
9.2
Invoking the Preset Screen .............................................................. 9-1
9.3
User Registration of Measurements (Measure Registration) ........................................................................ 9-2
9.3.1
Adding a measurement to the user-registered measurements ................................................................................................ 9-3
9.3.2
Adding a calculation item ........................................................................ 9-10
9.3.3
Setting a preset............................................................................................. 9-17
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9.3.4
Editing the measurement result display layout .............................. 9-18
9.3.5
Saving the user-registered measurements ...................................... 9-23
9.4
Modifying a User-Registered Measurement (Modify) ......................................................................................................... 9-24
9.5
Copying a User-Registered Measurement Sample (Sample Copy) .......................................................................................... 9-25
9.6
Copying a Registered Measurement (Copy) ..................... 9-26
9.7
Loading a User-Registered Measurement from External Media (Upload) ................................................................... 9-27
9.8
Saving a User-Registered Measurement on External Media (Save) ......................................................................... 9-28
9.9
Clearing All the User-Registered Measurement (All Clear) ..................................................................................................... 9-29
9.10
Terminating Measure Registration (Exit) ............................. 9-29
9.11
Executing a User-Registered Measurement ...................... 9-29
Optional Unit Operation 10.
Recording Devices .................................................................. 10-1
10.1
VCR .................................................................................................................. 10-2
10.1.1
Recording to the VCR ................................................................................ 10-2
10.1.2
Operation using the menu ....................................................................... 10-2
10.1.3
Operations from the main panel ............................................................ 10-4
10.1.4
Daily checks for VCR recording ............................................................ 10-5
10.1.5
Measurement using VCR playback images ...................................... 10-7
10.2
Printer ........................................................................................................... 10-10
10.3
HDD ................................................................................................................ 10-11
10.3.1
Saving images ............................................................................................. 10-12
10.3.2
Procedures for displaying saved images ........................................ 10-13
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10.4
TEAC MO Drive ...................................................................................... 10-15
11.
How to Use the Transducer ......................................... 11-1
11.1
PEF-510MA ................................................................................................. 11-1
11.1.1
Icon display setting..................................................................................... 11-1
11.1.2
Indication of the rotation angle .............................................................. 11-2
11.1.3
Temperature control ................................................................................... 11-3
11.1.4
Temperature detection function check procedure ........................ 11-5
11.2
PVM-740RT ................................................................................................. 11-6
11.2.1
Selecting the scanning plane ................................................................. 11-6
11.2.2
Display example ........................................................................................... 11-7
Optional Software Operation 12.
THI (Tissue Harmonic Imaging) Display Mode ................................................................................... 12-1
12.1
What Is THI Mode? ................................................................................ 12-1
12.2
Operating Procedures ........................................................................ 12-1
13.
TDI (Tissue Doppler Imaging) Display Mode ............................................................................................................ 13-1
13.1
What Is TDI Mode? ................................................................................ 13-1
13.2
Operating Procedures ........................................................................ 13-1
14.
CI/FEI Mode ........................................................................................ 14-1
14.1
Outline of CI/FEI Modes .................................................................... 14-2
14.2
Display in CI/FEI Mode ....................................................................... 14-3
14.3
Image Adjustment on the Main Panel ..................................... 14-6
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14.4
Image Adjustment Using the Menu .......................................... 14-7
14.5
Cine Memory Operating Procedure ....................................... 14-20
15.
Time Intensity Curve (TIC) Measurements................................................................................ 15-1
15.1
Features of the Time Intensity Curve (TIC) Measurement Function...................................................................... 15-1
15.2
Operating Procedures ........................................................................ 15-2
15.3
Display Format of the Time Intensity Curve ...................... 15-7
15.4
TIC Data File Output .......................................................................... 15-10
16.
Dynamic Flow Mode .............................................................. 16-1
16.1
Features of Dynamic Flow Mode ................................................ 16-1
16.2
Operating Procedure ........................................................................... 16-1
17.
Automated Cardiac Flow Measurement (ACM) .......................................................................................................... 17-1
17.1
Outline of ACM......................................................................................... 17-1
17.2
Features of ACM ..................................................................................... 17-2
17.3
Precautions for Measurement ...................................................... 17-3
17.4
Display of the Menus .......................................................................... 17-5
17.5
Operating Procedure ........................................................................... 17-7
17.6
Display Format for Measurement Results........................... 17-9
17.7
Restrictions .............................................................................................. 17-10
17.8
Flow Volume Calculation Method ............................................ 17-11
17.9
List of Related Documents ........................................................... 17-13
No. 2B730-818EN*A -j-
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18.
References .......................................................................................... 18-1
18.1
Measurement Item................................................................................. 18-2
18.1.1
AA ....................................................................................................................... 18-2
18.1.2
AC ....................................................................................................................... 18-3
18.1.3
APAD ............................................................................................................... 18-21
18.1.4
APTD ............................................................................................................... 18-22
18.1.5
BPD .................................................................................................................. 18-22
18.1.6
CER .................................................................................................................. 18-47
18.1.7
Cervix Len
no charts ........................................................................ 18-52
18.1.8
Cist. Magna
no charts ........................................................................ 18-52
18.1.9
Clavicle ........................................................................................................... 18-52
18.1.10
CRL .................................................................................................................. 18-54
18.1.11
Fibula .............................................................................................................. 18-64
18.1.12
FL ...................................................................................................................... 18-65
18.1.13
Foot .................................................................................................................. 18-90
18.1.14
FTA ................................................................................................................... 18-92
18.1.15
GS ..................................................................................................................... 18-93
18.1.16
HA ..................................................................................................................... 18-97
18.1.17
HC ..................................................................................................................... 18-99
18.1.18
Humerus ...................................................................................................... 18-114
18.1.19
Kidney........................................................................................................... 18-118
18.1.20
NT
no charts ...................................................................... 18-118
18.1.21
Ocular D
no charts ...................................................................... 18-118
18.1.22
OFD ................................................................................................................ 18-119
18.1.23
OOD ............................................................................................................... 18-127
18.1.24
Radius ........................................................................................................... 18-129
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18.1.25
TAD ................................................................................................................ 18-130
18.1.26
TC
18.1.27
THD ................................................................................................................ 18-132
18.1.28
Tibia ............................................................................................................... 18-134
18.1.29
TTD ................................................................................................................. 18-135
18.1.30
Ulna ................................................................................................................ 18-136
18.1.31
Umb VD
no charts ...................................................................... 18-137
18.1.32
Yolk Sac
no charts ...................................................................... 18-137
18.2
Calculation Item .................................................................................. 18-138
18.2.1
AC ................................................................................................................... 18-138
18.2.2
AXT (APTD*TTD) ...................................................................................... 18-139
18.2.3
HC ................................................................................................................... 18-140
18.2.4
EFW................................................................................................................ 18-144
18.3
Doppler ...................................................................................................... 18-154
18.3.1
Fetal Ao RI .................................................................................................. 18-154
18.3.2
Fetal Ao PI ................................................................................................... 18-156
18.3.3
MCA RI .......................................................................................................... 18-159
18.3.4
MCA PI .......................................................................................................... 18-162
18.3.5
Umb A RI ...................................................................................................... 18-165
18.3.6
Umb A PI ...................................................................................................... 18-168
18.3.7
Lt Uterin RI .................................................................................................. 18-172
18.3.8
Lt Uterin PI .................................................................................................. 18-173
18.3.9
Rt Uterin RI ................................................................................................. 18-174
18.3.10
Rt Uterin PI ................................................................................................. 18-175
19.
Workflow ................................................................................................ 19-1
19.1
Outline of the Workflow Operating Procedure ................ 19-1
no charts ...................................................................... 18-131
No. 2B730-818EN*A -l-
YEM55600C-1
19.2
Flow Window ............................................................................................. 19-2
19.3
Workflow Operation Examples .................................................... 19-2
20.
Free Cursor ........................................................................................ 20-1
20.1
Outline of the Free Cursor Function ....................................... 20-1
20.2
Details of the Free Cursor Function ........................................ 20-1
20.3
Description of Objects ....................................................................... 20-4
No. 2B730-818EN*A -m-
YEM55600C-1 *
1. Change and Registration of Standard Settings Standard settings (presets) such as image parameters are saved in the system. This section describes the procedures for changing and saving presets.
1.1
Displaying the Preset Screen (1) Press
PRESET D...
. The Exam Select menu is displayed.
(2) Select [Preset] in the Exam Select menu. The following Preset screen appears. On this screen, settings can be changed and registered.
No.
Switch System Configuration Time Correction Image Process Scale Set Needle Adapter Exam Preset Measure Registration OB Registration
Maintenance ADM Maintenance Preset Copy Exit
Description Used to change the initial settings (settings at power ON) such as the preset settings and the scroll bar width. Used to change the date and time. Used to change image parameters (IPs). Used to set the scale for switching the blood flow velocity range. Used to change the needle mark display. Used to change the parameters for each Exam. Used to register the measurements. Refer to section 9 "User-Registered Measurements" for details. Item related to OB Registration. For details, refer to section 7 "Obstetric Calculations". Used to perform system tests and system maintenance. Used for advanced data management unit maintenance. Used to back up the preset data. Used to close the Preset menu.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-1
YEM55600C-1
1.2
Changing the System Environmental Settings (System Configuration) (1) Select [System Configuration] on the Preset screen. The System Configuration screen appears.
(2) When an item for which the setting is to be changed is selected, the choices available appear in the right box.
(3) After selecting the desired setting, press [OK]. The setting is changed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-2
YEM55600C-1
1.3
Changing the Date and Time (Time Correction) (1) Select [Time Correction] on the Preset screen. The Time Correction screen appears.
(2) After changing the date and (or) time, press [OK]. The date and (or) time are changed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-3
YEM55600C-1
1.4
Changing Image Parameter Settings (Image Process) Changes the image parameter settings to be set when the 2D IP switch and CDI IP switch on the main panel are pressed. (1) Select [Image Process] on the Preset screen. The Image Process screen appears.
Select the mode. Select the IP Type.
(2) Select the IP Type for which settings are to be changed. (3) When an item for which the setting is to be changed is selected, a pull-down menu appears, listing the available choices.
(4) After selecting the desired setting, press [OK]. The setting is changed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-4
YEM55600C-1
1.5
Setting the Color Velocity Range (Scale Set) In this system, the velocity range (Scale) for Color Doppler imaging is preset for each organ. It is possible to customize (program) the scale table. (1) Select [Scale Set] in the Preset screen. The Scale Set screen is displayed.
(2) Select the mode, IP Type, and Data No. for which the scale setting is to be changed. (3) Select the item to be changed. The pull-down menu is displayed to show a list of options.
(4) Select the desired setting and press [OK]. The setting is changed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-5
YEM55600C-1
1.6
Changing the Needle Mark (Needle Adapter) The needle mark to be displayed differs depending on the transducer or biopsy adapter used. When the transducer has two or more biopsy adapters available, [Needle Adapter] allows a biopsy adapter to be selected and the corresponding needle mark is displayed. (1) Select [Needle Adapter] on the Preset screen. The Needle Adapter screen appears. The model names of the transducers currently available and the biopsy adapters currently selected are listed in the left box.
(2) Select the transducer for which the setting is to be changed in the left box. The biopsy adapters available for the selected transducer are listed in the right box. (3) After selecting the biopsy adapter to be set, press [OK]. The setting is changed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-6
YEM55600C-1
1.7
Setting Parameters for Each Exam (Exam Preset) To change the settings for the selected Exam, press the PRESET switch on the subpanel. (1) Select [Exam Preset] on the Preset screen. The Exam Preset screen appears. At this time, only the Hospital Name switch is enabled. (2) Select the Exam for which the settings are to be changed. All switches are enabled. To change the name of the Exam, press [SET] and enter the new name.
Exam
No.
Switch
Description
Region Select
Used to set the region name (name of the anatomical region to be examined).
Condition Set
Used to change initial settings such as image parameters in each mode.
Measure Item Select
Used to set the items to be displayed in the menu in measurement mode.
Auto Measurement
Used to set the measurement to be started when the measurement switch on the main panel is pressed.
OB Item (2D)
Used to register the OB measurement items. For details, refer to section 7.
OB Item (D Mode)
Used to register the Doppler OB measurement items. For details, refer to section 7.
Measurement Preset
Used to set measurement-related presets.
Body Mark
Used to create a user menu consisting of body marks that are used often.
Annotation
Used to add, delete, and modify annotations (comments).
Custom Popup
Used to set the items to be displayed in the menu.
Hospital Name
Used to register the hospital name.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-7
YEM55600C-1
1.7.1 Changing the region name (name of the anatomical region to be examined) (1) Select [Region Select] on the Exam Preset screen. The Region Select screen appears.
(2) After selecting the region name to be set, press [OK]. The setting is changed.
(3) When the region is to be changed for a body mark or annotation, move the cursor to the check box and press the SET switch to place a check mark in the check box. (4) Press [OK].
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-8
YEM55600C-1
1.7.2 Changing initial settings in each mode (1) Select [Condition Set] on the Exam Preset screen. The Condition Set screen appears.
Select the mode.
Choice display column
(2) Select the mode and the item to be set. The choices available are displayed in the right box. (3) After selecting the desired setting, press [OK]. The setting is changed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-9
YEM55600C-1
1.7.3 Changing display items in the measurement menu (1) Select [Measure Item Select] on the Exam Preset screen. The Measure Item Select screen appears. The names of the available measurements are listed in the left box. Up to 16 menu items can be displayed on a page. The 17th menu item is displayed on the second page. (2) Select the measurement item to be added to the menu and press [Add]. The selected item is displayed in the right-side Order List box. To delete an item from the Order List box, select the item and then press [Delete].
(3) After completing addition and deletion, press [OK]. The setting is changed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-10
YEM55600C-1
1.7.4 Changing the functions assigned to measurement switches Sets the measurement item to be started when
TRACE
,
CALIPER
, or a measurement switch
that has been registered via the user function is pressed. (1) Select [Auto Measurement] on the Exam Preset screen. The Auto Measurement screen appears.
(2) Select the Measure SW for which the setting is to be changed and press [Select]. The measurement list appears. (3) Select the measurement to be set from the measurement list and press [OK]. *
In application measurement mode, the detailed measurement items are listed in the column on the right. If a measurement is selected in the left column and no detailed measurement items are selected in the right column, the list of detailed measurement items is displayed when [OK] is pressed. If the detailed measurement items are also selected, the measurements for the selected items are started when [OK] is pressed.
(4) After completing setting, press [OK]. The setting is changed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-11
YEM55600C-1
1.7.5 Creating a user body mark menu It is possible to create a user menu consisting of body marks that are used often. When the body mark switch on the main panel is pressed, the mark registered at top of this menu is displayed. (1) Select [Body Mark] on the Exam Preset screen. The Body Mark screen appears. The selectable marks are displayed in the left box. The right box is the area in which the user menu is created.
(2) Create a user menu. No.
Switch
Description
Region
When another anatomical region is selected here, the body marks for the selected anatomical region are displayed.
Add
Select the mark to be registered in the menu and press [Add]. The selected mark is added to the right box.
Delete
Deletes the selected mark.
Transducer
Sets a transducer mark at the selected mark. The transducer mark angle can be changed by operating the MEAS.EDIT dial, and the transducer mark position can be changed using the trackball. To set the transducer mark position, press SET .
Up
Moves the selected mark up by one line.
Down
Moves the selected mark down by one line.
Position
Displays the position comment such as UP and SP for the body mark.
Default
Resets all settings to the initial settings.
Registration
Edits and registers the body mark.
(3) After completing setting, press [OK]. The setting is changed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-12
YEM55600C-1
Editing and registration of the body mark Follow the steps below to create and register a body mark.
(a) Select [User] in the Region pull-down menu.
(b) Press [Registration]. The edit screen shown below is displayed.
Edit window
Reference window
No.
Switch
Description
Upside/Down
Flips the edit mark vertically.
Left/Right
Flips the edit mark horizontally.
Save
Saves the mark data in the external memory device.
Upload
Loads the mark data from the external memory device.
Reference
Loads the body mark to be referred to from among the list of registered body marks into the reference window (right area of the screen).
All Clear
Clears the changes to the body mark.
Copy
Copies the reference body mark from the reference window to the edit window (left area of the screen).
OK
Registers the edited body mark and returns to the body mark selection screen.
Cancel
Returns to the body mark selection screen without registering the edited body mark.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-13
YEM55600C-1
(c) Edit the body mark by following the following steps. Use the trackball to move the cursor to the dot to be changed on the edit window. Press the SET switch. The color of the dot changes to white. Press the SET switch again with the cursor positioned at the same dot. The color of the dot returns to black.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-14
YEM55600C-1
1.7.6 Changing and registering the annotation menu It is possible to change the annotation (comment) menu registered in the system. (1) Select [Annotation] on the Exam Preset screen. The Annotation screen appears. The annotations currently registered are listed in the [Annotation Data] box.
Character entry box
(2) Edit the registered comments. No.
Switch
Description
Modify
Modifies registered annotations. Select the annotation to be modified, modify the annotation displayed in the character entry box, and then press [Modify].
Add
Enter a new comment in the character entry box and press [Add]. The new comment is added at the bottom of the [Annotation Data] box.
Insert
Select the line above which an annotation is to be inserted, enter the desired annotation in the character entry box, and press [Insert]. The new annotation is inserted just above the selected line.
Delete Word
Deletes the selected annotation.
Up
Moves the selected annotation up by one line.
Down
Moves the selected annotation down by one line.
Sort (A-Z)
Sorts the annotations in ascending alphabetic order.
Sort (Z-A)
Sorts the annotations in descending alphabetic order.
Default
Resets all settings to the initial settings.
(3) After completing editing, press [OK]. The data is saved.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-15
YEM55600C-1
The following annotations are set in this system before shipment. Abdominal Symbol on screen
Full description
Liver
Liver
RHV
Right Hepatic Vein
MHV
Middle Hepatic Vein
LHV
Left Hepatic Vein
HV
Hepatic Vein
PV
Portal Vein
IVC
Inferior Vena Cava
AO
Aorta
GB
Gallbladder
BD
Bile Duct
CBD
Common Bile Duct
SMA
Superior Mesenteric Artery
Pancreas
Pancreas
PD
Pancreatic Duct
SPV
Splenic Vein
SPA
Splenic Artery
Spleen
Spleen
Kidney
Kidney
R-
Right
L-
Left
Stone
Stone
Shadow
Shadow
Polyp
Polyp
Tumor
Tumor
Cyst
Cyst
Gas
Gas
Fatty
Fatty Tissue
Ascites
Ascites
META
Metastasis
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-16
YEM55600C-1
OB/GYN Symbol on screen
Full description
Anterior
Anterior
Cyst
Cyst
Gas
Gas
GS
Gestational Sac
Yolk-Sac
Yolk Sac
Fetus
Fetus
Heart
Heart
Head
Head
Tail
Tail
Amnion
Amnion
UC
Umbilical Cord
Uterus
Uterus
Placenta
Placenta
BL
Bladder
Ovary
Ovary
Douglas
Douglas
IUD
Intrauterine Device
Follicle
Follicle
Venous
Venous
Posterior
Posterior
R-
Right
L-
Left
UT-Artery
Uterine Artery
UM-Artery
Umbilical Artery
UM-Vein
Umbilical Vein
Tumor
Tumor
Cyst
Cyst
Gas
Gas
Myoma
Myoma
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-17
YEM55600C-1
Other Symbol on screen
Full description
CCA
Common Carotid Artery
ICA
Internal Carotid Artery
ECA
External Carotid Artery
BIF
Bifurcation
JUG-V
Jugular Vein
IJV
Internal Jugular Vein
EJV
External Jugular Vein
AJV
Anterior Jugular Vein
S-TH-A
Superior Thyroid Artery
I-TH-A
Inferior Thyroid Artery
VERT-A
Vertebral Artery
CFA
Common Femoral Artery
SFA-DIST
Distal Superficial Femoral Artery
SFA-PROX
Proximal Superficial Femoral Artery
PFA
Profunda Femoris Artery
CFV
Common Femoral Vein
SFV
Superficial Femoral Vein
POP-A
Popliteal Artery
POP-V
Popliteal Vein
SV
Saphenous Vein
PTA
Posterior Tibial Artery
ATA
Anterior Tibial Artery
PTV
Posterior Tibial Vein
ATV
Anterior Tibial Vein
PER-A
Peroneal Fibular Artery
PER-V
Peroneal Vein
ACA
Anterior Cerebral Artery
MCA
Middle Cerebral Artery
BR-A
Brachial Artery
BR-V
Brachial Vein
UL-A
Ulnar Artery
PCA
Posterior Cerebral Artery
AX-A
Axillary Artery
RACL-A
Raclial Artery
CIA
Common Iliac Artery
IIC
Internal Iliac Artery
EIA
External Iliac Artery
CIV
Common Iliac Vein
IIV
Internal Iliac Vein
EIV
External Iliac Vein
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-18
YEM55600C-1
Cardiac Symbol on screen
Full description
LV
Left Ventricle
RV
Right Ventricle
LA
Left Atrium
RA
Right Atrium
AO
Aorta
PA
Pulmonary Artery
P Vein
Pulmonary Vein
IVC
Inferior Vena Cava
LVOT
Left Ventricular Outflow Tract
RVOT
Right Ventricular Outflow Tract
IAS
Interatrial Septum
IVS
Interventricular Septum
MV
Mitral Valve
AV
Aortic Valve
TV
Tricuspid Valve
PV
Pulmonary Valve
AML
Anterior Mitral Valve Leaflet
PML
Posterior Mitral Valve Leaflet
Diastole
Diastole
Systole
Systole
LVPW
Left Ventricle Posterior Wall
END
Endocardium
EPI
Epicardium
PM
Papillary Muscle
MR
Mitral Regurgitation
AR
Aortic Regurgitation
TR
Tricuspid Regurgitation
PR
Pulmonic Regurgitation
MS
Mitral Stenoisis
AS
Aortic Stenosis
TS
Tricuspid Stenosis
PS
Pulmonic Stenoisis
ASD
Atrial Septal Defect
VSD
Ventricular Septal Defect
PDA
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-19
YEM55600C-1
1.7.7 Changing and registering measurements It is possible to set the initial values for measurement-related parameters. (1) Select [Measurement Preset] on the Exam Preset screen. The Measurement Preset screen appears. The items for which settings can be changed are displayed in the left box.
Tab
(2) Select the tab for which parameters are to be set. Tab name
Description
General
Displays setting items common to all measurements.
Application
Displays setting items related to application measurements.
Unit
Displays setting items related to the units used during measurement.
LV (2D)
Displays setting items related to LV (2D) measurements.
LV (M)
Displays setting items related to LV (M) measurements.
Area Method
Displays setting items related to Area Method measurements.
Mean Velocity
Displays setting items related to Mean Velocity measurements.
ACM
Displays setting items related to ACM measurements.
Velocity Trace
Displays setting items related to Velocity Trace measurements.
Other
Displays setting items related to other measurements.
OB
Displays setting items related to OB measurements.
Report
Displays the setting items related to the report function.
(3) Select the item to be set. The choices available are listed in [Modify Value List]. (4) When the cursor is moved to the item to be set, the setting in the Type column changes (5) After completing setting, press [OK].
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-20
YEM55600C-1
1.7.8 Changing items to be displayed in the menu (1) Select [Custom Popup] on the Exam Preset screen. The Custom Popup screen appears. The selectable items are displayed in the left box.
(2) Select the measurement item to be added to the menu and press [Add]. The selected item is displayed in the right-side Popup Item box. To delete an item from the Popup Item box, select the item and press [Delete].
(3) After completing addition and deletion, press [OK].
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-21
YEM55600C-1
1.7.9 Changing the hospital name and the examination department (1) Select [Hospital Name] on the Exam Preset screen. The Hospital Name screen appears.
(2) Place the cursor in the Hospital Name field and press SET . (3) After entering the hospital name, press [OK]. The following screen appears.
(4) Press [OK]. The changes become effective for all Exams. (5) Press [OK]. The system returns to the Exam Preset screen.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-22
YEM55600C-1
1.8
Changing the Display Conditions for Markers and Other Items (Visual Customize) The color and character size of measurement markers, annotations, body marks, and various other items can be changed. CAUTION: 1. After a color setting is changed, confirm that the item is printed correctly. Items may not be printed clearly depending on the selected color or printer type. 2. The printed color may appear different from the specified color.
NOTE:
Dark colors cannot be selected using the Measurement or Application menu. If a dark color is selected, the message "Canceled: This color is too dark. At least one value for RGB should be 128 or higher" is displayed. * Dark colors: Colors in which all three RGB components are less than 128 in the range between 0 and 255
(1) Select [System Configuration] on the Preset screen. The System Configuration screen is displayed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-23
YEM55600C-1
(2) Press [Visual Customize]. The Visual Customize screen is displayed. Change the color and character size using this screen.
No.
Switch
Description
Measurement
Displays the screen for setting the color of the measurement marker and graph. The color of the ROI and graph for TIC measurement can also be specified on the displayed screen.
Popup
Displays the screen for setting the color and character size of the pop-up menus.
Application
Displays the screen for setting the color of body marks and annotations.
Enable
Enables setting on this screen.
Load
Loads the settings file from the DVD or CD.
Save
Saves the settings file on the DVD or CD.
Default
Resets all settings to the initial values.
OK
Registers the changes and returns the display to the System Configuration screen.
Cancel
Returns the display to the System Configuration screen without registering the changes.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 1-24
YEM55600C-1 *
2. 2D-Mode Measurements 2.1
Distance Measurement (Distance) The distance between two points is measured.
2.1.1 Measurement procedures (1) Select [Distance] from the menu and the start point marker will appear.
(2) Move the marker to the measurement start point with the trackball. To fix the marker, press SET .
(3) Move the marker to the measurement end point using the trackball.
(4) Press SET to fix the end point. The channel identification mark "A" will appear and the measured value is fixed.
A
(5) Press NEXT or select [Distance] from the menu. A new start point marker appears. Proceed with measurement in the same manner.
A
Dist A 999.9 mm
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-1
YEM55600C-1
2.1.2 Modifying measurements The following descriptions assume that CH C is modified. (1) When measurement has been performed for more than one point, select the channel to be modified from [CH] in the menu window. Then, close the menu window and press SET .
A
B
A
B
* To modify the most recently measured channel, press SET . Modification of the channel is then possible. (2) Move the start point. Move the marker to the measurement start point with the trackball and press SET . If it is not necessary to move the start point, just press SET . The start point is fixed.
(3) Next, move the end point. Press SET again. The end point can be moved.
(4) Move the marker to the desired measurement end point using the trackball and press SET . The end point is fixed.
C
A
B
A
B
C
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-2
YEM55600C-1
2.2
Trace Length Measurement (Trace Length) The following two measurement methods are available: Trace All
:
Trace Spline :
Measures the length traced using the trackball. Measures the length of the curve created by connecting the set points.
When the Trace Length measurement is selected, measurement is started using the preset measurement method (one of the 2 measurement methods). To select another measurement method, follow the procedures below. (1) Select [Select] from the menu. The General Select screen appears. (2) Select the desired measurement method and press SET .
General Select screen
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-3
YEM55600C-1
2.2.1 Trace All (1) Confirm that the Trace Length Method is set to Trace All. Select [Trace Length] from the menu. The marker for the first point is displayed.
(2) Move the marker to the measurement start point using the trackball and press SET . The first point is fixed and the marker for the second point appears, overlapping the first point.
(3) Move the marker gradually along the circumference of the target object using the trackball. If the locus is to be modified during tracing, rotate the MEAS EDIT dial counterclockwise to undo the trace 10 pixels at a time. If the trace is undone more than desired, rotate the MEAS EDIT dial clockwise to redo the trace 10 pixels at a time. (4) When SET is pressed, the marker is fixed. A
Dist A 999.9 mm
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-4
YEM55600C-1
2.2.2 Trace Spline (1) Confirm that the Trace Length Method is set to [Trace Spline]. Select [Trace Length] from the menu. The first point marker is displayed.
(2) Move the marker to the measurement start point using the trackball and press SET . The first point is fixed and the second point marker appears.
(3) Operate the trackball to move the second point marker to the desired position and press [SET]. The second point is fixed, the third point marker appears, and a curve drawn based on the first and second points is displayed. (4) In the same manner, set the third and subsequent points. If the locus is to be modified, rotate the MEAS EDIT dial counterclockwise to undo the trace one point at a time. If the trace is undone more than desired, rotate the MEAS EDIT dial clockwise to redo the trace one point at a time. (5) When SET is pressed twice at the same point, the end point is fixed.
A
Dist A 999.9 mm
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-5
YEM55600C-1
2.3
Angle Measurement (Angle) The angle between two straight lines is measured.
2.3.1 Measurement procedures (1) Select [Angle] from the menu. The first marker is displayed.
(2) Move the marker to the measurement point with the trackball. Rotate it to any angle using the MEAS EDIT dial.
(3) Press SET to fix the marker. A second marker perpendicular to the first marker is displayed.
(4) Move the marker to the measurement point with the trackball. Rotate it to any angle using the MEAS EDIT dial.
(5) Press SET to fix the marker. The measured angle is fixed.
A A
Angle A 0 (180)
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-6
YEM55600C-1
2.3.2 Modifying measurements (1) Select [CH] in the menu to select the channel to be modified from among "A" to "H". To modify the channel measured last, press SET .
(2) Modify the first marker. Move it to any position using the trackball and press SET . If it is not necessary to
A
A
A
move it, just press SET . The angle can be changed using the MEAS EDIT dial. (3) When SET is pressed again, the second marker can be modified.
(4) Move the marker to any position with the trackball and press SET .
A
A
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-7
YEM55600C-1
2.4
Area/Circumference Measurement (Area) The following four measurement methods are available: Trace All
:
The path traced by operating the trackball along the circumference of the target object is used to calculate the approximate area/circumference.
Trace Spline :
The interpolated curve for the points set for measurement is used to calculate the approximate area/circumference.
Ellipse
:
The elliptical approximation is used to calculate the approximate area/circumference.
Cross
:
A figure drawn based on two perpendicular lines is used to calculate the approximate area/circumference.
When the Area measurement is selected, measurement is started using the preset measurement method (one of the 4 measurement methods). To select another measurement method, follow the procedures below. (1) Select [Select] from the menu. The General Select screen appears. (2) Select the desired measurement method and press SET .
General Select screen
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-8
YEM55600C-1
2.4.1 Trace All (1) Confirm that the Area Method is set to Trace All. Select [Area] from the menu. The marker for the first point is displayed.
(2) Move the marker to the measurement start point using the trackball and press SET . The first point is fixed and the marker for the second point appears, overlapping the first point.
(3) Move the marker gradually along the circumference of the target object using the trackball. If the locus is to be modified during tracing, rotate the MEAS EDIT dial counterclockwise to undo the trace 10 pixels at a time. If the trace is undone more than desired, rotate the MEAS EDIT dial clockwise to redo the trace 10 pixels at a time. (4) When SET is pressed, the marker is fixed. When it is fixed, the start point and the end point are connected with a line. If the distance between the start point marker and the end point marker is within 16 pixels, the system behaves as if SET were pressed and automatically closes the trace. The measured value is fixed.
A
Area A 99999 mm
2
Circ A 999.9 mm
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-9
YEM55600C-1
2.4.2 Trace Spline (1) Confirm that the Area Method is set to [Trace Spline]. Select [Area] from the menu. The first point marker is displayed.
(2) Move the marker to the measurement start point using the trackball and press SET . The first point is fixed and the second point marker appears.
(3) Move the trackball to move the marker for the second point. When the second point is fixed, a figure drawn based on the two points is displayed.
(4) In the same manner, set the third and subsequent points. If the locus is to be modified, rotate the MEAS EDIT dial counterclockwise to undo the trace one point at a time. If the trace is undone more than desired, rotate the MEAS EDIT dial clockwise to redo the trace one point at a time. (5) When SET is pressed twice at the same point, the end point is fixed. When the end point is fixed, the start point and the end point are connected with a line and the measured value is fixed.
A
Area A 9999 mm
2
Circ A 999.9 mm
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-10
YEM55600C-1
2.4.3 Elliptical approximation (Ellipse) 2.4.3.1
Measurement procedures
(1) Confirm that the Area Method is set to [Ellipse]. Select [Area] from the menu. The first point marker is displayed.
(2) Move the marker to the measurement start point using the trackball and press SET . The first point is fixed and the second point marker is displayed along with a circle whose diameter is the line connecting the first and second points. (3) Operate the trackball to change the diameter. The circle is resized as the line between the first and second points (the diameter of the circle) changes.
(4) Press SET . The length from the first point to the second point is fixed. A dotted line perpendicular to the line connecting the first point and the second point is displayed together with markers.
(5) Operate the trackball to change the length of the perpendicular line.
(6) When SET is pressed, the perpendicular line is fixed and the measured value is fixed.
A
Area A 99999 mm
2
Circ A 999.9 mm
Dist1 A 999.9 mm
Dist2 A 999.9 mm
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-11
YEM55600C-1
2.4.3.2
Modifying measurements
(1) Select the channel to be modified and press SET . The first point marker is displayed.
B
(2) Use the trackball to move the marker. The length of the perpendicular axis is retained.
B
B
(3) Press SET to fix the marker. A
(4) Press SET . The points on the axis perpendicular to the modified line are displayed with markers.
B
(5) Use the trackball to modify the length of the perpendicular axis.
B
(6) Press SET to fix the perpendicular line.
B A
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-12
YEM55600C-1
2.4.4 Cross 2.4.4.1
Measurement procedures
(1) Confirm that Area Method is set to [Cross]. When [Area] is selected from the menu, the first point marker is displayed.
(2) Move the marker to the measurement start point using the trackball and press SET . The first point is fixed and the second point marker appears.
(3) Move the marker with the trackball.
(4) Press SET to fix the marker. A line perpendicular to the straight line connecting the first and second points is displayed.
(5) Operate the trackball to adjust the position and the length of the perpendicular line.
(6) Press SET to fix the start point of the perpendicular line.
(7) Move the marker to the end point of the perpendicular line.
(8) Press SET to fix the fourth point. The measured value is fixed.
A
Area A 99999 mm
2
Circ A 999.9 mm
Dist1 A 999.9 mm
Dist2 A 999.9 mm
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-13
YEM55600C-1
2.4.4.2
Modifying measurements
(1) Select the channel to be modified and press SET . The color of the starting point of the line connecting the first and second points changes.
(2) Use the trackball to adjust the length of the line. The position of the line cannot be changed.
(3) Press SET to fix the marker.
A
Each subsequent time SET is pressed, the line that can be modified is switched.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-14
YEM55600C-1
2.5
Volume Measurement (Volume) The volume is measured via an elliptical approximation in which three axes are set.
2.5.1 Measurement procedures (1) Select [Volume] from the menu. The marker for the first point is displayed.
(2) Move the marker to the measurement start point using the trackball and press SET . The first point is fixed and the marker for the second point is displayed.
(3) Move the marker using the trackball.
(4) Press SET to fix the marker. The start point marker for the second line is displayed.
A
(5) Fix the second line in the same manner as the first line.
(6) Unfreeze the image. Then scan the image and refreeze it. Select [Volume] from the menu. The start point marker for the third line is displayed.
(7) Move the marker using the trackball and press SET to fix it. The first point is fixed and the second point marker is displayed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-15
YEM55600C-1
(8) Move the marker using the trackball.
(9) Press SET to fix the marker. The calculated result for the volume is fixed.
A
D1A 999.9 mm
D2A 999.9 mm
D3A 99999 mm
Volume A 9999.9 cm
CAUTION: Only the channel for which measurement is being performed (unconfirmed) can retain the measurement result after the image is unfrozen. The measured values are cleared for channels where measurement is complete.
2.5.2 Modifying measurements Modify a measurement in the same manner as for the distance measurement. Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-16
YEM55600C-1
3
2.6
Cross Measurement (Cross) This function measures the distance on two perpendicular straight lines.
2.6.1 Measurement procedures (1) Select [Cross] from the menu. The first point marker appears.
(2) Use the trackball to move the marker to the measurement start point and press SET . The first point is fixed and the second point marker appears.
(3) Move the marker using the trackball.
(4) Press SET to fix the marker. The third point and a line perpendicular to the line connecting the first and second points are displayed.
(5) Move the third point and the perpendicular line using the trackball.
(6) Press SET to fix the third point. The fourth point is displayed symmetric to the third point with respect to the point where the orthogonal lines cross.
(7) Move the fourth point with the trackball.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-17
YEM55600C-1
(8) Press SET to fix the fourth point. The measured value is fixed.
A
Dist1 A 999.9 mm
Dist2 A 999.9 mm
2.6.2 Modifying measurements (1) Press SET . The first point marker is displayed.
(2) Use the trackball to move the marker.
(3) Press SET to fix the marker.
A
Each subsequent time SET is pressed, the second point, third point, and fourth point can be modified.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-18
YEM55600C-1
2.7
Parallel Measurement (Parallel) This function measures the distances between two to five points on a straight line.
2.7.1 Measurement procedures (1) Select [Parallel] from the menu. The base line (vertical line) and the movable line (horizontal line) are displayed perpendicular to each other.
(2) Use the trackball to move the point where they cross (intersection point) and use the MEAS EDIT dial to rotate the target around the intersection point.
(3) Press SET to fix the target. The base line becomes a dotted line and the movable line for the second point is displayed as a solid line, overlapping the first point.
(4) Use the trackball to move the movable line to the second point and press SET to fix it. The movable line for the third point is displayed overlapping the second point.
(5) Set the third and subsequent points in the same manner.
(6) When SET is pressed at the same point, the target is fixed and the measured value is fixed. To proceed to the next channel, press NEXT .
A
Dist1 A 999.9 mm
Dist2 A 999.9 mm
Dist3 A 99999 mm
Dist4 A 999.9 mm
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-19
YEM55600C-1
2.7.2 Modifying measurements (1) When SET is pressed, the first point can be modified.
(2) Use the trackball to move the intersection point and use the MEAS EDIT dial to rotate the target around the intersection point.
(3) Press SET to fix the target.
A
Each subsequent time SET is pressed, the second and the subsequent points can be modified and fixed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-20
YEM55600C-1
2.8
Joint Measurement (Joint) This function measures the angles (, ) between two straight lines that cross another straight line.
2.8.1 Measurement procedures (1) Select [Joint] from the menu. The base line (a horizontal line) and a marker for the rotation center are displayed.
(2) Use the trackball to move the base line and the marker for the rotation center.
(3) When the MEAS EDIT dial is turned, the base line rotates around the marker for rotation center.
(4) Press SET after setting the base line and rotation center. The base line becomes a dotted line and the acetabular roof line (solid line) and a marker for the rotation center are displayed.
(5) Operate the trackball to move the acetabular roof line (solid line) and the marker for the rotation center.
(6) When the MEAS EDIT dial is turned, the acetabular roof line (solid line) rotates around the marker for the rotation center.
(7) Press SET after setting the acetabular roof line (solid line) and the rotation center. The acetabular roof line becomes a dotted line and the limbic line (solid line) and a marker for the rotation center are displayed.
(8) Operate the trackball to move the limbic line (solid line) and the marker for the rotation center.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-21
YEM55600C-1
(9) When the MEAS EDIT dial is turned, the limbic line (solid line) rotates around the marker for the rotation center.
(10) Press SET after setting the limbic line (solid line) and rotation center 3. The limbic line changes to a dotted line. The measured value is fixed.
A
A
A
A
NOTE:
99
A
99
The initial display statuses of the acetabular roof line and the limbic line can be changed by setting "Joint Baseline" in the preset menu. The factory setting is (Right-Left). Changing the preset to (Left-Right) causes the acetabular roof line to be displayed at an angle of 60° clockwise relative to the base line (dotted line) and the limbic line to be displayed at an angle of 55° counterclockwise relative to the base line (dotted line).
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-22
YEM55600C-1
2.9
Prostate Measurement (Prostate) The transverse diameter and the anteroposterior diameter are measured from a median transaxial image of the prostate gland. In addition, the cephalocaudal diameter of the prostate gland is measured from a midsagittal image. The volume and mass of the prostate gland are calculated from these measurement results.
Meas. item name
Description
Meas. procedure
Width
Transverse diameter of the prostate on the median transaxial image (mm)
Refer to "Measurement position".
Height
Anteroposterior diameter of the prostate on the midsagittal image (mm)
Refer to "Measurement position".
Depth
Cephalocaudal diameter of the prostate on the midsagittal image (mm)
Refer to "Measurement position".
Calc. item name
Description
Calc. procedure 3
Volume
Prostate volume (cm )
Width height depth 10 0.523*
Weight
Prostate mass (g)
Volume
Specific gravity
Selectable in the preset. Entry using the keyboard is also possible.
-3
(*0.523: 4/3 1/2 1/2 1/2)
H
D
W
CAUTION:
The elliptical approximation method is used for calculating the volume and mass. This means that the region to be measured may be overestimated or underestimated.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-23
YEM55600C-1
*
For the measurement procedures, refer to subsection 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
(1) Measure the transverse diameter [Width] and anteroposterior diameter [Height].
Transverse diameter [Width]
Anteroposterior diameter [Height] (2) Unfreeze the image and display the image of the cephalocaudal diameter [Depth] for measurement.
[Depth] (cephalocaudal diameter)
Width Volume
999.9 mm 9999.9 cm
3
Height
999.9 mm
Depth
999.9 mm
Weight
9999.9 g
99.99 g/cm
3
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-24
YEM55600C-1
2.10 Percent Stenosis (% STENOSIS) Select [% STENOSIS] from the menu.
Meas. item name
Description
Meas. procedure
DMaxA
Maximum diameter for CHA
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
DMinA
Minimum diameter for CHA
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
DMaxB
Maximum diameter for CHB
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
DMinB
Minimum diameter for CHB
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
AMaxA
Maximum area for CHA (in 2D-mode only)
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
AMinA
Minimum area for CHA (in 2D-mode only)
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
AMaxB
Maximum area for CHB (in 2D-mode only)
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
AMinB
Minimum area for CHB (in 2D-mode only)
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
Calc. item name %S DistA 2
Calc. procedure (Dmax A – Dmin A)/Dmax A 2
2
2
%S DistA
(DMax A – DMin A )/Dmax A
%S DistB
(Dmax B – Dmin B)/Dmax B
2
2
2
2
%S DistB
(DMax B – DMin B )/Dmax B
%S AreaA
(Amax A – Amin A)/Amax A
%S AreaB
(Amax B – Amin B)/Amax B
The area to be measured is the valve orifice area. Therefore, if the area to be measured is too large, calculation will not be performed, and "?" will be displayed instead of the measured value.
%S DistA
999.9 %
%S DistA2
999.9 %
%S DistB
999.9 %
%S DistB2
999.9 %
99999 mm
2
%S AreaA
999.9 %
99999 mm
2
%S AreaB
999.9 %
Dmax A
999.9 mm
Dmin A
999.9 mm
Dmax B
999.9 mm
Dmin B
999.9 mm
Amax A Amax B
99999 mm
2
99999 mm
2
Amin A Amin B
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-25
YEM55600C-1
2.11 Left Ventricular Function Measurement (LV) The left ventricular function calculation methods include the following nine types. The calculation method to be displayed initially can be set in the preset menu.
Single Plane Ellipse Biplane Ellipse Bullet Simpson Simpson SP (DISK SUMMATION method) Simpson BP (DISK SUMMATION method) Cube Teichholz Gibson
(1) When measurement is performed using the calculation method set in the preset menu When [LV] is selected from the menu, the menu for left ventricular function measurement set in the preset menu is displayed. The system then proceeds to measurement. (2) When measurement is to be performed using a calculation method other than the preset method Select [Select] from the LV function measurement menu. The LV function measurement method selection menu is displayed. Select the calculation method and the measurement method and then select [Previous]. The system returns to the LV function measurement menu and proceeds to measurement.
LV function measurement menu (Example for the Cube method)
LV function measurement method selection menu
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-26
YEM55600C-1
2.11.1 SINGLE PLANE ELLIPSE method This method calculates the left ventricular volume by approximating the 2D-mode longaxis image to an ellipse.
8 LVALd2 EDV 3 LVLd 8 LVALs2 ESV 3 LVLs
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-27
YEM55600C-1
Meas. item name
Description
Meas. procedure
LVALd*1
Left ventricular long-axis area at end diastole
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
LVLd
Left ventricular long-axis length at end diastole
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
LVALs*1
Left ventricular long-axis area at end systole
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
LVLs
Left ventricular long-axis length at end systole
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
HR*2
Heart rate
Refer to 3.4 "Heart Rate Measurement (HR)".
*1: The area measurement methods include the following 4 choices. The initial display is set in the preset. If a method other than the preset is to be used, select it in the selection menu.
Trace All Trace Spline Ellipse Cross
*2: For the heart rate, one of the following choices can be selected. The value to be used can be set in the preset. Value calculated using the ECG (The ECG heart rate obtained by pressing the measurement item switch is automatically entered.) Value measured using M or Doppler mode images NOTE:
If [LVALd] measurement is performed when the HR measurement method is set to ECG and HR is not measured, the HR value is automatically input from the ECG waveform displayed on the screen.
Calc. item name
Description [Unit]
Calc. procedure
EDV
End-diastolic left ventricular volume [mL]
Refer to .
ESV
End-systolic left ventricular volume [mL]
Refer to .
SV
Stroke volume [mL]
SV = EDV - ESV
CO
Cardiac output [L/min]
CO = SV HR / 1000
EF
Ejection fraction
EF = SV / EDV
SI
SV index
SI = SV / BSA
CI
CO index
BSA
CI = CO / BSA 2
Body surface area [cm ]
Calculated from the height and weight entered during ID registration.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-28
YEM55600C-1
LVLd
999.9 mm
LVALd
99999 mm
EDV HR
LVLs 2
999.9 mm 2
SV
999.9 mL
EF
99.99
LVALs
99999 mm
999.9 mL
ESV
999.9 mL
SI
999.9 mL/m
999 bpm
CO
99.999 L/min
CI
99.9
2
2.11.2 BIPLANE ELLIPSE method This method calculates the left ventricular volume by approximating either the 2D-mode long-axis image or the short-axis image at the level of the mitral valve to an ellipse.
8 LVALd LVAMd EDV 3 LVIDd 8 LVALs LVAMs ESV 3 LVIDs
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-29
YEM55600C-1
Meas. item name
Description
Meas. procedure
LVALd
Left ventricular long-axis area at end diastole
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
LVAMd
Left ventricular short-axis area at the level of the mitral valve at end diastole
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
LVIDd
Left ventricular short-axis diameter at end diastole
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
LVALs
Left ventricular long-axis area at end systole
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
LVAMs
Left ventricular short-axis area at the level of the mitral valve at end systole
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
LVIDs
Left ventricular short-axis diameter at end systole
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
HR
Heart rate
Refer to 3.4 "Heart Rate Measurement (HR)".
NOTE:
If [LVALd] measurement is performed when the HR measurement method is set to ECG and HR is not measured, the HR value is automatically input from the ECG waveform displayed on the screen.
Calc. item name
Description [Unit]
Calc. procedure
EDV
End-diastolic left ventricular volume [mL]
Refer to .
ESV
End-systolic left ventricular volume [mL]
Refer to .
SV
Stroke volume [mL]
SV = EDV - ESV
CO
Cardiac output [L/min]
CO = SV HR / 1000
EF
Ejection fraction
EF = SV / EDV
SI
SV index
SI = SV / BSA
CI
CO index
BSA
CI = CO / BSA 2
Body surface area [cm ]
Calculated from the height and weight entered during ID registration.
LVIDd
999.9 mm
LVIDs
999.9 mm
LVAMs
99999 mm
2
SV
999.9 mL
LVALs
99999 mm
2
EF
99.99
LVAMd
99999 mm
2
LVALd
99999 mm
2
EDV
999.9 mL
ESV
999.9 mL
SI
999.9 mL/m
HR
999 bpm
CO
99.999 L/min
CI
99.99
2
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-30
YEM55600C-1
2.11.3 BULLET method This method calculates the left ventricular volume using the 2D-mode long-axis image and the short-axis image at the level of the mitral valve.
EDV
5 LVLd LVAMd 6
ESV
5 LVLs LVAMs 6
Meas. item name
Description
Meas. procedure
LVAMd
Left ventricular short-axis area at the level of the mitral valve at end diastole
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
LVLd
Left ventricular long-axis length at end diastole
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
LVAMs
Left ventricular short-axis area at the level of the mitral valve at end systole
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
LVLs
Left ventricular long-axis length at end systole
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
HR
Heart rate
Refer to 3.4 "Heart Rate Measurement (HR)".
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-31
YEM55600C-1
NOTE:
If [LVAMd] measurement is performed when the HR measurement method is set to ECG and HR is not measured, the HR value is automatically input from the ECG waveform displayed on the screen.
Refer to subsection 2.11.1 "SINGLE PLANE ELLIPSE method".
LVLd
999.9 mm
LVAMd
99999 mm
EDV HR
LVLs 2
999.9 mm 2
SV
999.9 mL
EF
99.99
LVAMs
99999 mm
999.9 mL
ESV
999.9 mL
SI
999.9 mL/m
999 (9) bpm
CO
99.999 L/min
CI
99.99
2
2.11.4 SIMPSON'S method This method calculates the left ventricular volume using the 2D-mode long-axis image, the short-axis image at the level of the mitral valve, and the short-axis image at the level of the papillary muscle.
EDV
LVLd 4 LVAMd 2 LVAPd LVAMd LVAPd 9
ESV
LVLs 4 LVAMs 2 LVAPs LVAMs LVAPs 9
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-32
YEM55600C-1
Meas. menu name
Description
Meas. procedure
LVAMd
Left ventricular short-axis area at the level of the mitral valve at end diastole
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
LVLd
Left ventricular long-axis length at end diastole
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
LVAPd
Left ventricular short-axis area at the level of the papillary muscle at end diastole
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
LVAMs
Left ventricular short-axis area at the level of the mitral valve at end systole
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
LVLs
Left ventricular long-axis length at end systole
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
LVAPs
Left ventricular short-axis area at the level of the papillary muscle at end systole
Refer to 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
HR
Heart rate
Refer to 3.4 "Heart Rate Measurement (HR)".
NOTE:
If [LVAMd] measurement is performed when the HR measurement method is set to ECG and HR is not measured, the HR value is automatically input from the ECG waveform displayed on the screen.
Refer to subsection 2.11.1 " SINGLE PLANE ELLIPSE method" for the entry procedures and the items to be calculated.
LVLd
999.9 mm
LVLs
999.9 mm
LVAMs
99999 mm
2
SV
999.9 mL
LVAPs
99999 mm
2
EF
99.99
99999 mm
2
LVAPd
99999 mm
2
EDV
999.9 mL
ESV
999.9 mL
SI
999.9 mL/m
HR
999 bpm
CO
99.999 L/min
CI
99.99
LVAMd
2
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-33
YEM55600C-1
2.11.5 SIMPSON'S SINGLE PLANE method This method calculates the left ventricular volume using the 2D-mode long-axis image. When the left ventricle is traced and its long axis is specified on a 2D-mode crosssectional image, this method allows the system to automatically divide the long axis into 20 segments to calculate the volume of the left ventricle as the 2D-mode cross-sectional image is rotated.
EDV
LVLd 20 2 ri 20 i 1
ESV
LVLs 20 2 ri 20 i 1
ri
:
Radius of the i-th circle
LVLd :
Left ventricular long-axis length at end diastole
LVLs :
Left ventricular long-axis length at end systole
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-34
YEM55600C-1
Meas. item name
Description
Meas. procedure
Diastole
Traces the endocardium of the left ventricle at end-diastole and sets the position of the long axis.
Systole
Traces the endocardium of the left ventricle at end-systole and sets the position of the long axis.
HR
Heart rate
NOTE:
Refer to 3.4 "Heart Rate Measurement (HR)".
If [Diastole] measurement is performed when the HR measurement method is set to ECG and HR is not measured, the HR value is automatically input from the ECG waveform displayed on the screen.
Calc. item name
Description [Unit]
Calc. procedure
EDV
End-diastolic left ventricular volume [mL]
Refer to .
ESV
End-systolic left ventricular volume [mL]
Refer to .
SV
Stroke volume [mL]
SV = EDV - ESV
CO
Cardiac output [L/min]
CO = SV HR / 1000
EF
Ejection fraction
EF = SV / EDV
Display item name
Description
L (D)
Left ventricular long-axis length at end diastole
L (S)
Left ventricular long-axis length at end systole
A (D)
Left ventricular long-axis area at end diastole
A (S)
Left ventricular long-axis area at end systole
SI
Mean value of the SV Index
EDV
999.9 mL
SV
999.9 mL
ESV
999.9 mL
CO
99.999 L/min
SI
999.9 mL/m
HR
999 bpm
EF
99.99
CI
99.99
2
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-35
YEM55600C-1
2.11.6 SIMPSON'S BIPLANE method This method allows the volume of the left ventricle to be calculated by repeating "2.11.1 SINGLE PLANE ELLIPSE method" on two 2D-mode cross-sectional images (two-chamber and four-chamber cross-sectional images). Calculation is also possible for only two-chamber cross-sectional images or only fourchamber cross-sectional images.
(1)
EDV
LVLd 20 (r2i r4i ) 20 i 1
(2)
ESV
LVLs 20 (r2i r4i ) 20 i 1
r2i
:
Radius of the i-th ellipse (2CH)
r4i
:
Radius of the i-th ellipse (4CH)
LVLd :
Length of the left-ventricular long axis at end diastole for 2CH or 4CH, whichever is longer
LVLs :
Length of the left-ventricular long axis at end systole for 2CH or 4CH, whichever is longer
(3)
EDV
LVLd 20 2 r 2i 20 i 1
(4)
ESV
LVLs 20 2 r2i 20 i 1
ri
:
Radius of the i-th circle (2CH)
LVLd :
Length of the left-ventricular long axis at end diastole
LVLs :
Length of the left-ventricular long axis at end systole
(5)
EDV
LVLd 20 2 r 4i 20 i 1
(6)
ESV
LVLs 20 2 r 4i 20 i 1
ri
:
Radius of the i-th circle (4CH)
LVLd :
Length of the left-ventricular long axis at end diastole
LVLs :
Length of the left-ventricular long axis at end systole
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-36
YEM55600C-1
Meas. name
Description
Meas. procedure
Diastole (2CH)
Traces the endocardium of the left ventricle at end-diastole on the twochamber cross-sectional image and sets the position of the long axis.
Refer to 2.11.5 "SIMPSON'S SINGLE PLANE method".
Systole (2CH)
Traces the endocardium of the left ventricle at end-systole on the twochamber cross-sectional image and sets the position of the long axis.
Refer to 2.11.5 "SIMPSON'S SINGLE PLANE method".
Diastole (4CH)
Traces the endocardium of the left ventricle at end-diastole on the fourchamber cross-sectional image and sets the position of the long axis.
Refer to 2.11.5 "SIMPSON'S SINGLE PLANE method".
Systole (4CH)
Traces the endocardium of the left ventricle at end-systole on the fourchamber cross-sectional image and sets the position of the long axis.
Refer to 2.11.5 "SIMPSON'S SINGLE PLANE method".
HR
Heart rate
Refer to 3.4 "Heart Rate Measurement (HR)".
NOTE:
If [Diastole (2CH)] or [Diastole (4CH)] measurement is performed when the HR measurement method is set to ECG and HR is not measured, the HR value is automatically input from the ECG waveform displayed on the screen.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-37
YEM55600C-1
For 4CH
End diastole
End systole Left ventricle i-th diameter 2r4i
For 2CH
End diastole
End systole Left ventricle i-th diameter 2r2i
i-th end-diastolic volume
i-th end-systolic volume r 4i
LVLd 20
r 4i
LVLs 20 r 2i
r 2i
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-38
YEM55600C-1
Calc. item name
Description [Unit]
EDV
End-diastolic left ventricular volume [mL] (Refer to Calculation formula for volume (1).)
ESV
End-systolic left ventricular volume [mL] (Refer to Calculation formula for volume (2).)
SV
Stroke volume [mL] SV = EDV – ESV
CO
Cardiac output [L/min] CO = SV HR / 1000
EF
Ejection fraction EF = SV / EDV
EDV2
EDV obtained from the trace results for two-chamber cross-sectional images (Refer to Calculation formula for volume (3).)
ESV2
ESV obtained from the trace results for two-chamber cross-sectional images (Refer to Calculation formula for volume (4).)
SV2
SV obtained from the trace results for two-chamber cross-sectional images
CO2
CO obtained from the trace results for two-chamber cross-sectional images
EF2
EF obtained from the trace results for two-chamber cross-sectional images
EDV4
EDV obtained from the trace results of four-chamber cross-sectional images (Refer to Calculation formula for volume (5).)
ESV4
ESV obtained from the trace results for four-chamber cross-sectional images (Refer to Calculation formula for volume (6).)
SV4
SV obtained from the trace results for four-chamber cross-sectional images
CO4
CO obtained from the trace results for four-chamber cross-sectional images
EF4
EF obtained from the trace results for four-chamber cross-sectional images
diffD
Difference between the left ventricular long-axis lengths at end diastole for the two-chamber and four-chamber cross-sectional LV images as a percentage
(* CH)
L(D)2 L(D)4
MAXL(D)2, L(D)4
100
L(D) 2 :
Left ventricular long-axis length at end diastole for the twochamber cross-sectional LV image
L(D) 4 :
Left ventricular long-axis length at end diastole for the fourchamber cross-sectional LV image
* 2CH or 4CH, whichever has the shorter end-diastolic long axis, is displayed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-39
YEM55600C-1
Calc. item name diffS (* CH)
Description [Unit] Difference between the left ventricular long-axis lengths at end systole for the two-chamber and four-chamber cross-sectional LV images as a percentage
L(S)2 L(S)4
MAXL(S)2, L(S)4
100
L(S) 2 :
Left ventricular long-axis length at end systole for the twochamber cross-sectional LV image
L(S) 4 :
Left ventricular long-axis length at end systole for the fourchamber cross-sectional LV image
* 2CH or 4CH, whichever has the shorter end-systolic long axis, is displayed.
EDV
999.9 mL
EDV2
999.9 mL
EDV4
999.9 mL
ESV
999.9 mL
ESV2
999.9 mL
ESV4
999.9 mL
SV
999.9 mL
SV2
999.9 mL
SV4
999.9 mL
CO
99.999 L/min
CO2
99.999 L/min
CO4
99.999 L/min
EF
99.99
EF2
99.99
EF4
99.99
SI4
999.9 mL/m
SI
999.9 mL/m
CI HR
2
2
SI2
999.9 mL/m
99.99
CI2
99.99
CI4
99.99
999 bpm
diffD (2ch)
999.9 %
diffS (2ch)
999.9 %
2
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-40
YEM55600C-1
Display item name
Description
L(d)4
Left ventricular long-axis length at end diastole for the four-chamber crosssectional LV image
L(s)4
Left ventricular long-axis length at end systole for the four-chamber crosssectional LV image
A(d)4
Left ventricular long-axis area at end diastole for the four-chamber crosssectional LV image
A(s)4
Left ventricular long-axis area at end systole for the four-chamber crosssectional LV image
SI4
SI obtained from the measurement results for the four-chamber crosssectional LV images
L(d)2
Left ventricular long-axis length at end diastole for the two-chamber crosssectional LV image
L(s)2
Left ventricular long-axis length at end systole for the two-chamber crosssectional LV image
A(d)2
Left ventricular long-axis area at end diastole for the two-chamber crosssectional LV image
A(s)2
Left ventricular long-axis area at end systole for the two-chamber crosssectional LV image
SI2
SI obtained from the measurement results for the two-chamber crosssectional LV images
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-41
YEM55600C-1
2.11.7 CUBE method This method calculates the left ventricular volume by approximating the given region to a cube.
EDV = LVIDd ESV = LVIDs
3
3
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-42
YEM55600C-1
Meas. item name
Description
Meas. procedure
Diastole
End-diastolic left ventricular measurements
Refer to "Measurement position".
IVSTd
Interventricular septal thickness at end diastole
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
LVIDd
Left ventricular short-axis diameter at end diastole
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
LVPWd
Left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end diastole
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
Systole
End-systolic left ventricular measurements
Refer to "Measurement position".
IVSTs
Interventricular septal thickness at end systole
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
LVIDs
Left ventricular short-axis diameter at end systole
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
LVPWs
Left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end systole
Refer to 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
ET
Ejection time
Refer to 3.2 "Time Measurement (Time)".
HR
Heart rate
Refer to 3.4 "Heart Rate Measurement (HR)".
NOTE:
If [Diastole] or [LVIDd] measurement is performed when the HR measurement method is set to ECG and HR is not measured, the HR value is automatically input from the ECG waveform displayed on the screen.
Calc. item name
Description
Calc. formula
EDV
End-diastolic left ventricular volume [mL]
Refer to .
ESV
End-systolic left ventricular volume [mL]
Refer to .
SV
Stroke volume [mL]
SV = EDV - ESV
CO
Cardiac output [L/min]
CO = SV HR / 1000
EF
Ejection fraction
EF = SV / EDV
FS
Fractional shortening
FS = (LVIDd - LVIDs) / LVIDd
SI
SV index
SI = SV / BSA
CI
CO index
CI = CO / BSA
MVCF
Mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening
MVCF = (LVIDd - LVIDs) / (LVIDd ET)
BSA
Body surface area [m ]
2
Calculated from the height and weight entered during ID registration.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-43
YEM55600C-1
IVSTd
999.9 mm
IVSTs
999.9 mm
LVIDd
999.9 mm
LVIDs
999.9 mm
SV
999.9 mL
LVPWd
999.9 mm
LVPWs
999.9 mm
EF
99.99
EDV
999.9 mL
ESV
999.9 mL
FS
99.99
HR
999 bpm
CO
99.999 L/min
SI
999.9 L/m
ET
99999 ms
MVCF
99.99 circ/s
CI
99.99
2
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-44
YEM55600C-1
*
For the measurement procedures, refer to subsection 2.7 "Parallel Measurement (Parallel)".
(1) Select [Diastole] from the menu. The base line (vertical line) and the movable line (horizontal line) are displayed perpendicular to each other.
IVS LV AV AC
PPM
LA
(2) Using the trackball and the MEAS EDIT dial, move and rotate the marker to the anterior wall of the end-diastolic ventricular septum and press SET .
IVS LV AV AC
PPM
LA
(3) Move the marker to the posterior wall of the end-diastolic ventricular septum and press SET . In the same manner, move the marker to the front surface and the back surface of the posterior wall of the left ventricle for measurement.
(4) Select [Systole] from the menu. Perform end-systolic measurements in the same manner.
IVS LV AV AC
PPM
LA
IVS LV AV PPM
AC
LA
NOTE:
The LVIDd measurement marker is displayed at the end point of IVSTd. The LVPWd measurement marker is displayed at the end point of LVIDd. The LVIDs measurement marker is displayed at the end point of IVSTs. The LVPWs measurement marker is displayed at the end point of LVIDs.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-45
YEM55600C-1
IVSTd
999.9 mm
IVSTs
999.9 mm
LVIDd
999.9 mm
LVIDs
999.9 mm
SV
999.9 mL
LVPWd
999.9 mm
LVPWs
999.9 mm
EF
99.99
EDV
999.9 mL
ESV
999.9 mL
FS
99.99
HR
999 bpm
CO
99.999 L/min
SI
999.9 mL/m
ET
99999 ms
MVCF
99.99 circ/s
CI
99.99
NOTE:
2
The initial display status of the base line (vertical line) can be changed by changing the setting for "Default Angle" of "LV (D)" of the Measurement Preset menu. Example for 20° setting 20°
-90°
90°
Base line
Movable line
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-46
YEM55600C-1
NOTE:
Each time NEXT is pressed, the next LV measurement item can be changed (it is not necessary to select the measurement in the menu). The order in which the measurement items can be changed is determined by the setting for "Sequence Type" of "LV (2D)" of the Measurement Preset menu.
When "Sequence Type" is set to "1" One of the following orders is used depending on the measurement item selected. IVSTd > LVIDd >LVPWd >IVSTs > LVIDs >LVPWs > ET > HR > IVSTd Diastole > Systole > ET > HR > Diastole
When "Sequence Type" is set to "2" The order is determined by the measurement item that is selected first. When the first selection is Diastole : Diastole > LVIDs > ET > HR > Diastole When the first selection is Systole : Systole > LVIDd > ET > HR > Systole When the first selection is LVIDd : LVIDd > LVIDs > ET > HR > LVIDd
When NEXT is pressed when an item other than Diastole, Systole, or LVIDd is selected, the following shift pattern is used. IVSTd > LVIDd > LVPWd > LVIDs > ET > HR > IVSTd
When NEXT is pressed in IVSTd measurement mode, LVIDd measurement mode is entered regardless of whether the setting is "1" or "2". When NEXT is pressed again, LVPWd mode is entered. When NEXT is pressed in Diastole measurement mode, however, Systole measurement mode is entered if the setting "1" and LVIDs measurement mode is entered if the setting is "2".
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-47
YEM55600C-1
2.11.8 TEICHHOLZ method
EDV
7 LVIDd3 2.4 LVIDd
ESV
7 LVIDs3 2.4 LVIDs
The items to be measured, the measurement procedures, and the items to be calculated are identical to those in subsection 2.11.7 "CUBE method".
2.11.9 GIBSON method
EDV
0.98 LVIDd 5.90 LVIDd2 6
ESV
1.14 LVIDs 4.18 LVIDs2 6
The items to be measured, the measurement procedures, and the items to be calculated are identical to those in subsection 2.11.7 "CUBE method".
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-48
YEM55600C-1
2.12 2D-Mode Profile (2D-Profile) The intensity of the echo on a line arbitrarily set on a 2D-mode frozen image can be graphed out. The procedure for setting a line is the same as that for distance measurement. Two positions (CH A, CH B) can be measured on one screen.
2.12.1 Measurement procedures (1) Select [2D-Profile] from the menu and the start point marker will appear.
(2) Move the marker to the measurement start point with the trackball. To fix the marker, press SET .
(3) Move the marker to the measurement end point using the trackball.
(4) Press SET to fix the end point. The channel identification mark "A" will appear and the measured value is fixed.
A
(5) Press NEXT or select [2D-Profile] from the menu. A new start point marker appears. Proceed with measurement in the same manner.
A
Brightness
Distance Dist A 999.9 mm
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-49
YEM55600C-1
2.12.2 Modifying measurements Use the same procedures as for "2.1 Distance Measurement (Distance)".
2.12.3 Copying measurements (1) Select [Copy] from the menu. A marker with the same length as that for channel A is displayed for channel B.
A B
(2) Move the marker to any position with the trackball.
B A
(3) Press SET . When the marker is fixed, the histogram of the copied channel is displayed as a graph.
B A
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-50
YEM55600C-1
2.13 Histogram Measurement (2D-Histogram) The distribution of the intensity of the 2D-mode echoes within the traced area can be displayed graphically (histogram measurement). Histogram measurement can be performed on a frozen image. Histogram measurement is possible for two channels (CH A, CH B) on one screen.
2.13.1 Measurement procedures (1) As in the case of "2.4 Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)", the measurement method can be selected from among Trace All, Trace Spline, Ellipse, and Cross. (2) Select [2D-Histogram] from the menu. (3) Specify the area to which histogram measurement is to be applied. CAUTION:
If the measurement ROI is set including the area outside the image, the correct measurement result cannot be obtained.
The measured result is displayed graphically with values. The horizontal axis of the graph indicates the gradation value and the vertical axis indicates the number of pixels corresponding to each gradation value.
CH A MAX
XX%
M
XX
SD
XX
N
XXXX 0
60
MAX :
Number of data corresponding to the gradation value with the maximum number of data as a percentage of the total number of data (%).
M
:
Mean scale
SD
:
Standard deviation
N
:
Number of data
2.13.2 Copying measurements (1) When [COPY] is selected after the area for CH A has been set, an area with the same shape and size as that for CH A is displayed to the right of the area for CH A. (2) Move this area to the region to be measured using the trackball and press SET . The histogram for CH B is displayed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-51
YEM55600C-1
2.14 Mean IMT Measurement Three distance measurements are performed and the mean is calculated to determine the thickness of the intima-media complex of the carotid artery.
(1) Press [mean IMT] in the menu. The marker for measuring the first distance is displayed.
(2) Use the trackball to move the marker to the measurement position. Rotate the marker to the desired angle using the MEAS EDIT dial.
MEAS EDIT
(3) Press SET . The lower marker position is set. Move the upper marker to the desired position using the trackball.
(4) Press SET . The distance set by the lower and upper markers is measured. A second marker is displayed next to the first marker.
(5) Repeat steps (2) to (4) to measure the second and third distances. (6) After the three distances have been measured, press SET . The measurement data is fixed and the mean of the three distances is displayed.
Dist1 A
999.9 mm Dist2 A
999.9 mm Dist3 A
999.9 mm meanIMT A
999.9 mm
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-52
YEM55600C-1
(1) Press SET . The start point of the third marker can now be moved.
First marker Second marker
Third marker
(2) Move the marker to the desired position using the trackball. Press SET to set the marker.
(3) Press SET . The end point of the third marker can now be moved.
(4) Move the marker to the desired position using the trackball and press SET . The measurement is fixed.
(5) Each subsequent time SET is pressed, the first marker and then the second marker can be modified.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 2-53
YEM55600C-1 *
3. M-Mode Measurements 3.1
Distance Measurement (Distance)
3.1.1 Measurement procedures Refer to subsection 2.7 "Parallel Measurement (Parallel)". Note that angle setting cannot be performed.
3.1.2 Display layout for measured values Dist1 A 999.9 mm
Dist2 A 999.9 mm
Dist3 A 99999 mm
Dist4 A 999.9 mm
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-1
YEM55600C-1
3.2
Time Measurement (Time) The time interval between two points is measured. (1) Select [Time] from the menu. The start point marker appears.
(2) Move the marker to the measurement start point using the trackball.
(3) Press SET to fix the start point. The measurement end point marker is displayed.
(4) Move the marker to the measurement end point using the trackball. The time interval between the two points is displayed.
(5) Press SET to fix the end point. The identification character "A" is displayed at the start and end points. The measured value is fixed.
A
A
(6) To perform another time measurement, press NEXT . The new start point is displayed. Perform measurement by repeating the above procedures.
A
A
Time A 99999 ms
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-2
YEM55600C-1
3.3
Slope Measurement (Slope) The slope between two points is measured.
3.3.1 Measurement procedures (1) Select [Slope] from the menu. A marker is displayed.
(2) Move the marker to the measurement start point using the trackball and press SET to fix the start point. A second marker is displayed.
(3) Move the second marker to the measurement end point.
(4) Press SET to fix the end point. The measurement value is fixed.
A
The slope is given by: Slope = Distance/Time (5) To perform slope measurement again, press NEXT . The new start point is displayed. Perform measurement by repeating the above procedures.
Dist A 999.9 mm
Time A 99999 ms
Slope A 999.9 mm/s
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-3
YEM55600C-1
3.3.2 Modifying measurements (1) Select [CH] in the menu to select the channel to be modified. To modify the channel measured last, press SET .
(2) Move the first marker to any position using the trackball. If it is not necessary to move it, proceed to (3).
(3) Press SET to fix the marker. A
(4) Press SET again. Move the second marker to any position using the trackball.
(5) Press SET to fix the second marker. A
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-4
YEM55600C-1
3.4
Heart Rate Measurement (HR) It is possible to calculate the heart rate (per minute) on the basis of the heart beats shown on the screen. This measurement is possible for channel 1 only. (1) Select [HR] from the menu. [Heart Beat] is displayed in the menu and a marker appears on the screen. HR: Heart rate (beats/minute)
(2) Move the marker to the measurement start point using the trackball.
(3) Press SET to fix the measurement start point. The end point marker appears at the measurement start point.
(4) Move the end point marker to the measurement end point using the trackball. The time from the measurement start point is displayed together with the heart rate. Rotating the MEAS EDIT dial clockwise raises the heart beat, while rotating it counterclockwise decreases the heart beat. (5) Press SET to fix the measurement end point. The measurement value is fixed. To modify the heart beat after pressing SET , select "Heart Beat" from the Select menu.
A
A
Time A 99999 ms
HR A 999 (1) bpm
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-5
YEM55600C-1
3.5
Left Ventricular Function Measurement (LV) Three left ventricular function calculation methods are available: Cube method, Teichholz method, and Gibson method. The calculation method to be displayed initially can be set in the preset menu.
(1) When measurement is performed using the calculation method set in the preset menu When [LV] is selected from the menu, the LV function measurement menu is displayed. The system then proceeds to measurement. (2) When measurement is to be performed using a calculation method other than the preset method Select [Select] from the LV function measurement menu. The LV function measurement method selection menu is displayed. Select the calculation method and the measurement method. The system returns to the LV function measurement menu and proceeds to measurement.
LV function measurement menu (Example for the Cube method)
LV function measurement method selection menu
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-6
YEM55600C-1
3.5.1 CUBE method (M-mode) This method calculates the left ventricular volume by approximating the given region to a cube.
EDV = LVIDd ESV = LVIDs
3
3
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-7
YEM55600C-1
Meas. item name
Description
Meas. procedure
Diastole
End-diastolic left ventricular measurements
Refer to 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
IVSTd
Interventricular septal thickness at end diastole
Refer to 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
LVIDd
Left ventricular short-axis diameter at end diastole
Refer to 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
LVPWd
Left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end diastole
Refer to 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
Systole
End-systolic left ventricular measurements
Refer to 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)"
IVSTs
Interventricular septal thickness at end systole
Refer to 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
LVIDs
Left ventricular short-axis diameter at end systole
Refer to 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
LVPWs
Left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end systole
Refer to 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
ET
Ejection time
Refer to 3.2 "Time Measurement (Time)".
HR
Heart rate
Refer to 3.4 "Heart Rate Measurement (HR)".
NOTE:
If [Diastole] or [LVIDd] measurement is performed when the HR measurement method is set to ECG and HR is not measured, the HR value is automatically input from the ECG waveform displayed on the screen.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-8
YEM55600C-1
(1) Select [Diastole] from the menu. A marker is displayed.
(2) Using the trackball, move the marker to the anterior wall of the end-diastolic ventricular septum and press SET .
(3) Move the marker to the posterior wall of the end-diastolic ventricular septum and press SET . In the same manner, move the marker to the front surface and the back surface of the posterior wall of the left ventricle for measurement. (4) Select [Systole]. Perform end-systolic measurements in the same manner.
NOTE:
The LVIDd measurement marker is displayed at the end point of IVSTd. The LVPWd measurement marker is displayed at the end point of LVIDd. The LVIDs measurement marker is displayed at the end point of IVSTs. The LVPWs measurement marker is displayed at the end point of LVIDs. When IVSTs measurement is not performed, the measurement marker is displayed to the right of the LVIDs start point. When LVIDs measurement is not performed, the measurement marker is displayed to the right of the Diastole start point.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-9
YEM55600C-1
Calc. item name
Description
Calc. formula
EDV
End-diastolic left ventricular volume [mL]
Refer to .
ESV
End-systolic left ventricular volume [mL]
Refer to .
SV
Stroke volume [mL]
SV = EDV - ESV
CO
Cardiac output [L/min]
CO = SV HR / 1000
EF
Ejection fraction
EF = SV/EDV
FS
Fractional shortening
FS = (LVIDd - LVIDs)/LVIDd
SI
SV index
SI = SV/BSA
CI
CO index
CI = CO/BSA
MVCF
Mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening
MVCF = (LVIDd - LVIDs)/(LVIDd ET)
BSA
Body surface area [m ]
2
Calculated from the height and weight entered during ID registration.
IVSTd
999.9 mm
IVSTs
999.9 mm
LVIDd
999.9 mm
LVIDs
999.9 mm
SV
999.9 mL
LVPWd
999.9 mm
LVPWs
999.9 mm
EF
99.99
EDV
999.9 mL
ESV
999.9 mL
FS
99.99
HR
999 bpm
CO
99.999 L/min
SI
999.9 mL/m
ET
99999 ms
MVCF
99.99 circ/s
CI
99.99
2
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-10
YEM55600C-1
NOTE:
Each time NEXT is pressed, the next LV measurement item can be changed (it is not necessary to select the measurement in the menu). The order in which the measurement items can be changed is determined by the preset. Select either (1) or (2) for "Sequence Type" of "LV (M)" of the Measurement Preset.
When the setting of "Sequence Type" is (1) One of the following orders is used depending on the measurement item selected. IVSTd > LVIDd > LVPWd > IVSTs > LVIDs > LVPWs > ET > HR > IVSTd Diastole > Systole > ET > HR > Diastole
When the setting of "Sequence Type" is (2) The order is determined by the measurement item that is selected first. When the first selection is Diastole :
Diastole > LVIDs > ET > HR > Diastole
When the first selection is Systole :
Systole > LVIDd > ET > HR > Systole
When the first selection is LVIDd
LVIDd > LVIDs > ET > HR > LVIDd
:
If NEXT is pressed when an item other than Diastole, Systole, or LVIDd is selected, the following shift pattern is used. IVSTd > LVIDd > LVPWd > LVIDs > ET > HR > IVSTd
When NEXT is pressed in IVSTd measurement mode, LVIDd measurement mode is entered regardless of whether the "Sequence Type" setting is (1) or (2). When NEXT is pressed again, LVPWd mode is entered. When NEXT is pressed in Diastole measurement mode, however, Systole measurement mode is entered if the "Sequence Type" setting is (1) and LVIDs measurement mode is entered if the "Sequence Type" setting is (2).
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-11
YEM55600C-1
3.5.2 TEICHHOLZ method
EDV
7 LVIDd3 2.4 LVIDd
ESV
7 LVIDs3 2.4 LVIDs
The items to be measured, the measurement procedures, and the display layout for measured values are identical to those for the CUBE method. Therefore, refer to subsection 3.5.1 "CUBE method".
3.5.3 GIBSON method
EDV
(0.98 LVIDd 5.90) LVIDd2 6
ESV
(1.14 LVIDs 4.18) LVIDs2 6
The items to be measured, the measurement procedures, and the display layout for measured values are identical to those for the CUBE method. Therefore, refer to subsection 3.5.1 "CUBE method".
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-12
YEM55600C-1
3.6
Mitral Valve Measurement (MV) When [MV] is selected from the menu, mitral valve measurement can be performed in M-mode. EF SLP DE SLP
EPSS CE AMP
E
DE AMP D F
E A B CA AMP
C
A F
B
D
C
C
MV measurement items
Meas. item name EFSLP
Description
Meas. formula
Mitral valve closing speed
Refer to subsection 3.3 "Slope Measurement (Slope)".
EPSS
Distance between point E and the interventricular septum
Refer to subsection 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
CEAMP
Amplitude of the E wave
Refer to subsection 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
CAAMP
Amplitude of the A wave.
Refer to subsection 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
DEAMP
Amplitude of the DE wave.
Refer to subsection 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
DESLP
Mitral valve opening speed
Refer to subsection 3.3 "Slope Measurement (Slope)".
Calc. item name CA/CE
Description
Calc. formula
Ratio of the A and E waves
CAAMP/CEAMP
CEAMP
999.9 mm
DEAMP
999.9 mm
CAAMP
999.9 mm
EPSS
999.9 mm
DESLP
999.9 mm/s
EFSLP
999.9 mm/s
CA/CE
99.99
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-13
YEM55600C-1
3.7
Aortic Valve Measurement (Aortic) When [AO] is selected from the menu, aortic valve measurement can be performed in M-mode.
RVOTD
AOD
AVD
ET
LAD
AO measurement items
Meas. item name AOD
Description
Meas. formula Refer to subsection 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
Diameter of the aorta
LAD
Diameter of the left atrium
Refer to subsection 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
AVD
Diameter of the aortic valve
Refer to subsection 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
ET
Ejection time
Refer to subsection 3.2 "Time Measurement (Time)".
RVOTD
Diameter of the right ventricular outflow tract
Refer to subsection 3.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
Calc. item name LA/AO
Description
Calc. formula
Ratio of the left atrium to the aorta
LAD/AOD
RVOTD
999.9 mm
AOD
999.9 mm
LAD
999.9 mm
AVD
999.9 mm
ET
99999 ms
LA/AO
99.99
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-14
YEM55600C-1
3.8
Percent Stenosis Measurement (% STENOSIS) The measurement items, the calculation items, and the display layout for measured values are identical to those in 2D-mode. Refer to subsection 2.10 "Percent Stenosis (% STENOSIS)". Note, however, that [Amax A], [Amin A], [Amax B], and [Amin B] cannot be selected because area measurement is not possible in M-mode.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 3-15
YEM55600C-1 *
4. CDI-Mode Measurements CDI-mode measurements are available when the cardiovascular examination support kit is combined.
4.1
Flow Velocity (Color Vel) The flow velocity at the specified point on the frozen color-mode image is calculated and displayed.
4.1.1 Measurement procedures (1) Select [Color Vel] from the menu. The marker "" is displayed.
(2) Use the trackball to move the marker to the measurement position and press SET . An angle mark is displayed in the direction of the ultrasound beam.
(3) Use the MEAS EDIT dial to align the angle mark with the blood flow direction.
(4) Press SET to fix the angle mark. The channel mark is displayed. To measure another flow velocity, press NEXT .
A
Velocity A NOTE:
999.9 cm/s
Angle A 99
1. In TDI-mode measurements, a bar may be displayed above or below the measured value. This indicates saturation. 2. TDI mode can be used when the TDI option is installed.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 4-1
YEM55600C-1
4.1.2 Modifying measurements (1) Select [CH] in the menu to select the channel to be modified. To modify the channel measured last, press SET .
(2) Move the marker using the trackball and press SET . The angle mark is displayed at the angle before modification.
A
A
(3) Modify the angle using the MEAS EDIT dial. A
(4) Press SET to fix the angle mark. A
B
No. 2B730-818EN*A 4-2
YEM55600C-1
4.2
Color-Mode Profile Measurement (Color Profile) In this measurement, the velocity, variance, power, and other data on any line set on the frozen color-mode image can be graphed out. For the measurement procedures, refer to subsection 2.12 "2D-Mode Profile". The color map can be changed using the C Map on the CDI menu.
After the measurement position is set, the measurement result is displayed graphically. The horizontal axis of the graph indicates the distance and the vertical axis indicates the power and variance. Note that the measured distance values are used for the horizontal axis.
Power
Distance
Dist A 999.9mm
No. 2B730-818EN*A 4-3
YEM55600C-1 *
5. Doppler-Mode Measurements 5.1
Flow Velocity Measurement (Velocity) The blood flow velocity is measured in Doppler mode. Display item
Contents (unit)
Velocity
Velocity (m/s)
PG
Pressure gradient (mmHg)
(1) Start up the measurement function and select [Velocity] from the menu. A marker is displayed.
(2) Move the marker to the measurement point using the trackball and then press SET to fix the marker. The channel indication character is displayed. To change the display position, press SET again.
A
(3) To perform another velocity measurement, press NEXT .
Velocity A 999.9 cm/s
PG A 999.9 mmHg
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-1
YEM55600C-1
5.2
Acceleration Measurement (Accel) The change in flow velocity between two points (acceleration) is measured. Display item
Contents (unit)
V-Diff
Velocity deviation (m/s)
Accel
Acceleration (m/s )
2
(1) Select [Accel] from the menu. A marker is displayed.
(2) Move the marker to the measurement start point using the trackball.
(3) Press SET to fix the marker.
(4) Move the marker to the measurement end point using the trackball.
(5) Press SET to fix the marker. The channel indication character is displayed.
A
(6) To perform another acceleration measurement, press NEXT . *
The modification procedures are identical to those for M-mode velocity measurement. Refer to subsection 3.3 "Slope Measurement (Slope)".
Vel1 A
999.9 cm/s
Accel A 999.9 cm/s
Vel2 A 999.9 cm/s
V-Diff A 999.9 cm/s Time A 99999 ms
2
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-2
YEM55600C-1
5.3
Time Measurement (Time) The time is measured by selecting [Time] from the menu. The measurement procedures and the display layout for the measured value are identical to those for time measurement in M-mode. Refer to subsection 3.2 "Time Measurement (Time)".
5.4
Heart Rate Measurement (HR) The heart rate is measured by selecting [HR] from the menu. The measurement procedure and the display layout for the measured value are identical to those for heart rate measurement in M-mode. Refer to subsection 3.4 "Heart Rate Measurement (HR)".
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-3
YEM55600C-1
5.5
Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace) Tracing the Doppler waveform permits measurement (calculation) of the velocity and other items. Manual trace (Trace All) measurement or Auto-trace measurement is available. To perform tracing manually, select All, Spline, or Line for "Velocity Trace" in the Measurement Preset.
5.5.1 Trace All The Doppler waveform can be traced freehand from the start point to the end point.
(1) Set [Manual] in the menu to ON. (2) Select [Vel Trace] from the menu. A marker for the first point is displayed at the center of the screen.
(3) Move the marker to the trace start point using the trackball and press SET . The start point is fixed and a marker for the second point is superimposed on the start point.
(4) Move the new marker a little at a time using the trackball to trace the Doppler waveform. To modify the trace during the tracing, turn the MEAS EDIT dial counterclockwise. The trace is deleted in 10-pixel increments. The trace can also be deleted by moving the trackball to the left. (5) Press SET to fix the trace. The markers indicating Vps, Vmin, and Ved are displayed (when [Auto Point] is set to ON).
A
VPS A
999.9 cm/s
Vmin A 999.9 cm/s
Vm_PA 999.9 cm/s Vm_MA 999.9 cm/s Ved A 999.9 cm/s RI A
99.99
PI A
99.99
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-4
YEM55600C-1
(1) Press SET . A marker for modification is displayed.
(2) Modify the trace line using the trackball and the MEAS EDIT dial. Rotating the MEAS EDIT dial counterclockwise deletes the line by 10 pixels at a time. Excessive deletion of the line can be restored by rotating the MEAS EDIT dial clockwise. (3) Press SET to fix the modified trace line.
A
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-5
YEM55600C-1
5.5.2 Trace Spline The Doppler waveform can be traced by setting at least three points (including the start and end points). A spline curve is connected between the set points to trace the Doppler waveform.
(1) Set [Manual] in the menu to ON. (2) Select [Vel Trace] from the menu. A marker for the first (start) point is displayed.
(3) Move the marker to the measurement start point using the trackball and press SET . The first point is fixed and a marker for the second point is displayed.
(4) Repeat this procedure to set the third and subsequent points. When the third point is set, a line connecting the points is displayed. To modify the line, rotate the MEAS EDIT dial counterclockwise. The points are deleted one by one to delete the trace. Excessive deletion can be restored by rotating the MEAS EDIT dial clockwise. (5) When SET is pressed, the trace spline is fixed. The markers indicating Vps, Vmin, and Ved are displayed. (when [Auto Point] is set to ON)
A
Refer to subsection 5.5.1 "Trace All".
5.5.3 Trace Line Set at least three points including the start and end points. Straight lines are drawn between the points for tracing. The operation is the same as for Trace Spline.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-6
YEM55600C-1
5.5.4 Auto-trace The maximum velocity (Vpeak) and the mean velocity (Vmean) can automatically be traced, and the measurements are calculated by specifying the area and one cardiac cycle of the Doppler waveform in the specified rectangular area.
Brightness
PEAK
NOTE:
MEAN
0
Velocity
The curve to be displayed can be preset. Page
:
Measurement Preset "Velocity Trace"
Item
:
Trace Line Display
Setting :
VPEAK : VPEAK+VMEAN :
Displays a Vpeak curve. Displays a Vpeak curve and a Vmean curve.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-7
YEM55600C-1
(1) Set [Manual] in the menu to OFF. (2) Select [Vel Trace] from the menu. A marker and bar cursor used to set the trace start point are displayed.
(3) Move the marker and the bar cursor using the trackball. *
To set the auto-trace target region to FWD (or REV), move the marker in the FWD (or REV) direction until the lower (or upper) part of the bar cursor is displayed dotted and set the start point.
(4) Press SET . The trace start point is set and the bar cursor for the second point is displayed to the right.
(5) Move the bar cursor for the trace end point using the trackball.
(6) Press SET to fix the end point. When the end point is set, tracing starts automatically. The markers indicating Vps, Vmin, and Ved are displayed (when [Auto Point] is set to ON).
A
A
VPS A
999.9 cm/s
Vmin A 999.9 cm/s
Vm_P A 999.9 cm/s Vm_M A 999.9 cm/s Ved A 999.9 cm/s RI A
99.99
PI A
99.99
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-8
YEM55600C-1
VPS (peak systolic velocity), VMIN (minimum velocity), and VED (end-diastolic velocity) in the area specified by auto-tracing can be automatically detected using this function. or is displayed at each recognition point. This function is useful in the analysis of the pulsatile blood flow waveform. Select [Auto Point] from the menu. This function can be preset to ON. When [Auto Point] is set to ON, cardiac cycles are automatically detected; VPS, VMIN, VED, VM_, etc. are calculated for each cardiac cycle; and the mean values of the measurements for each measurement item are displayed. When [Auto Point] is set to OFF, automatic recognition points are not displayed, and each measurement value is calculated for the entire tracing range and displayed. The displayed measurement items differ depending on the Auto Point ON/OFF setting.
VPS
VPS
VED
VED
VMIN
VMIN
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-9
YEM55600C-1
5.6
VTI Measurement (Conti. Equation) In this measurement, the following items are calculated and displayed from the traced velocity and 2D-mode area measurement.
VTI A
VTI B
S1
S2
Flow passage
Item name
Contents [Unit]
Measurement and calculation methods
VTI A
VTI (velocity-time integral)[m or cm] of the region for which the flow path area can be measured
Measurement Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
VTI B
VTI [m or cm] of the region (valve orifice) for which the flow path cross-sectional area is to be measured
Measurement Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
Area A
Flow path cross-sectional area 2 2 [mm or cm ] to be measured in 2D-mode
Measurement Refer to subsection 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
Area B
Valve orifice area
VTI A VTIB
Area A
VTI A
99.99 cm
Area A
999.9 mm
VTI C
99.99 cm
Area C
999.9 mm
VTI B
99.99 cm
2
VTI D
Area B 999.9 mm
2
Area D 999.9 mm
2
99.99 cm
2
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-10
YEM55600C-1
5.7
Doppler Flow Volume Measurement (F Vol VTI)
In this measurement, the following items are calculated and displayed from the traced velocity and 2D-mode area measurement. Item name
Contents
Measurement and calculation methods
Vmax
Maximum velocity [m/s]
Measurement Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
VTI
Velocity-time integral
Measurement Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
Area
Calculated area in 2D mode 2 2 [mm or cm ]
Measurement Refer to subsection 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
SV
Stroke volume [mL]
SV = VTI AREA
CO
Cardiac output [L/min]
CO = SV HR / 1000
SI
SV index
SI = SV/BSA
CI
CO index
CI = CO/BSA
PPG
PPG = 4V max
2
4 V max n 2 n
MPG
PG time-averaged Max
AcTime
Systolic acceleration time
Time between Ved and Vmax
AcRatio
Systolic acceleration ratio
Ratio between the velocity and AcTime
DcTime
Deceleration time
Time between the Vmax (Peak) point and the point where the 0-Hz line intersects the line segment drawn between the Vmax point and the
MPG
Vmax/ 2 point Cycle Time
Cycle time
Traced time
2
Vmax A
999.9 cm/s
VTI A
99.99 cm
Area A
999 mm
SV A
99.9 mL
CO A
99.99 L/min
SI A
99.9 mL/m
CI A
99.99
PPG A
999.9 mmHg
MPG A
999.9 mmHg
AcTime A
999 ms
DcTime A
999.9 ms
Cycle Time A
999 ms
Vmax B
999.9 cm/s
VTI B
99.99 cm
Area B
999.9 mm
SV B
99.9 mL
CO B
99.99 L/min
SI B
99.9 mL/m
CI B
99.99
PPG B
999.9 mmHg
MPGA
999.9 mmHg
AcTime B
999 ms
DcTime B
999 ms
Cycle Time B
999 ms
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-11
YEM55600C-1
2
2 2
CAUTION: 1. When a range smaller than a single cardiac cycle is traced on the Doppler waveform, the traced range is displayed as the cycle time. 2. When a range including two or more cardiac cycles is traced on the Doppler waveform, the traced range is divided by the number of detected peaks and the average is displayed as the cycle time. When [Auto Point] is set to OFF, the traced range is displayed as the cycle time.
NOTE:
The TAVmax value to be used for CO calculation can be checked on the Report or Worksheet screen. The AcTime value is displayed only when [Auto Point] is set to On.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-12
YEM55600C-1
5.8
Velocity Measurement (F Vol Vel Trace)
Item name
Name [Unit]
Measurement and calculation methods
Vmax
Peak systolic velocity [cm/s]
Measurement Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
TAVmax
Time-averaged Vmax [cm/s]
Measurement Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
TAV mean
Time-averaged Vmean [m/s]
Measurement Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
Area
[mm ]
Flow Vol
[L/min]
2
Measurement Refer to subsection 2.4 "Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)".
TAV max A Area A 60 103 TAV mean A Area A 60 103
PPG
[mm Hg]
MPG
[mm Hg]
2
PGmax A = 4V max A
PGT max A
4 V max n 2 n
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-13
YEM55600C-1
When "Cardiac" is selected for Measurement Preset "F Vol Vel Trace Type" Vmax A
999.9 cm/s
TAVmax A
999.9 cm/s
TAVmean A 999.9 cm/s
Area A
99999 mm
PPG A
999.9 mmHg
MPGA
999.9 mmHg
Vmax B
999.9 cm/s
TAVmax B
999.9 cm/s
TAVmean B 999.9 cm/s
Area B
99999 mm
PPG B
MPGB
999.9 mmHg
999.9 mmHg
2
2
Flow Vol A
99.999 L/min
Flow Vol B
99.999 L/min
When "Vascular" is selected for Measurement Preset "F Vol Vel Trace Type" Vmax A
999.9 cm/s
Ved A
999.9 cm/s
Vmin A
999.9 cm/s
TAVmax A
999.9 cm/s
PI A
99.99
TAVmean A 999.9 cm/s
Area A
99999 mm
RI A
99.99
2
Flow Vol A
99.999 L/min
2
S/D A
99.99
AcTime A
99999 ms
AcRatio A
99.99 cm/s
Vmax B
999.9 cm/s
Ved B
999.9 cm/s
Vmin B
999.9 cm/s
TAVmax B
999.9 cm/s
PI B
99.99
RI B
99.99
2
Flow Vol B
99.999 L/min
2
S/D B
99.99
TAVmean B 999.9 cm/s
Area B
99999 mm
AcTime B
AcRatio B
99.99 cm/s
99999 ms
CAUTION: 1. Be sure to trace the Doppler waveform for ranges that exceed a single cardiac cycle so that two Ved points are included in the traced range. Otherwise, the correct measurement result cannot be obtained. 2. The HR A and HR B values displayed in the Report and Worksheet screens are calculated using the value (cycle time) obtained by averaging the traced range by the number of detected peaks. When [Auto Point] is set to OFF and a range smaller than a single cardiac cycle is traced, the traced range is set as the cycle time.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-14
YEM55600C-1
5.9
Velocity Ratio Measurement NOTE:
When the Doppler angle is changed in velocity ratio measurement, the values are not recalculated according to the change in the angle unless the measurement mark remains displayed.
5.9.1 RATIO measurement This measurement function calculates the flow ratio at four points on two Doppler images.
Flow velocity
VA1 VA3
Doppler image A VA2
Time
0 VA4
Flow velocity
VB3 VB1
Doppler image B VB2
0
Time VB4
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-15
YEM55600C-1
Measurement item name
Contents
Measurement method
Vel1 A
Velocity in time-phase A on Doppler image Vel 1 [m/s]
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Vel1 B
Velocity in time-phase B on Doppler image Vel 1 [m/s]
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Vel1 C
Velocity in time-phase C on Doppler image Vel 1 [m/s]
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Vel1 D
Velocity in time-phase D on Doppler image Vel 1 [m/s]
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Vel2 A
Velocity in time-phase A on Doppler image Vel 2 [m/s]
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Vel2 B
Velocity in time-phase B on Doppler image Vel 2 [m/s]
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Vel2 C
Velocity in time-phase C on Doppler image Vel 2 [m/s]
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Vel2 D
Velocity in time-phase D on Doppler image Vel 2 [m/s]
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Calculation item name
Contents
Calculation method
Ratio A
Velocity ratio in time-phase A
Ratio A = Vel1A / Vel2 A
Ratio B
Velocity ratio in time-phase B
Ratio B = Vel1B / Vel2 B
Ratio C
Velocity ratio in time-phase C
Ratio C = Vel1C / Vel2 C
Ratio D
Velocity ratio in time-phase D
Ratio D = Vel1D / Vel2 D
Vel1 A
999.9 cm/s
Vel2 A
999.9 cm/s
Ratio A
99.99
Vel1 B
999.9 cm/s
Vel2 B
999.9 cm/s
Ratio B
99.99
Vel1 C
999.9 cm/s
Vel2 C
999.9 cm/s
Ratio C
99.99
Vel1 D
999.9 cm/s
Vel2 D
999.9 cm/s
Ratio D
99.99
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-16
YEM55600C-1
5.9.2 RI measurement (RI)
Measurement item name
Contents
Measurement method
Vel1 A
Velocity in time-phase 1 (CH A)
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Vel2 A
Velocity in time-phase 2 (CH A)
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Vmax A
Maximum velocity (CH A)
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Vmin A
Minimum velocity (CH A)
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Vel1 B
Velocity in time-phase 1 (CH B)
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Vel2 B
Velocity in time-phase 2 (CH B)
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Vmax B
Maximum velocity (CH B)
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Vmin B
Minimum velocity (CH B)
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
Calculation item name Ratio A
Ratio B
RI A
RI B
Calculation method
RatioA
Vel1A Vel2A
RatioB
Vel1B Vel2B
RIA
V max A V min A V max A
RIB
V max B V minB V max B
Vel1 A
999.9 cm/s
Vel2 A
999.9 cm/s
Ratio A
99.99
Vmax A
999.9 cm/s
Vmin A
999.9 cm/s
RI A
99.99
Vel1 B
999.9 cm/s
Vel2 B
999.9 cm/s
Ratio B
99.99
Vmax B
999.9 cm/s
Vmin B
999.9 cm/s
RI B
99.99
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-17
YEM55600C-1
5.10 Mitral Valve Measurement (Mitral Valve) Measurement of mitral valve function is performed using 2D-mode image and Doppler images.
Item name
Contents
Measurement and calculation methods
E Vel
E-wave flow velocity [cm/s]
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
A Vel
A-wave flow velocity [cm/s]
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
PHT
Pressure half time [ms]
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
E Dur
E-wave duration [ms]
Refer to subsection 3.2 "Time Measurement (Time)".
A Dur
A-wave duration [ms]
Refer to subsection 3.2 "Time Measurement (Time)".
IRT
Isovelocity relaxation time [ms]
Refer to subsection 3.2 "Time Measurement (Time)".
MV VTI
Mitral valve VTI [m]
Refer to the item below.
MV VM
Mitral valve mean velocity [cm/s] Refer to the item below.
MV VP
Mitral valve maximum velocity [cm/s]
Refer to the item below.
MV MPG
Mitral valve mean pressure gradient [mmHg]
Refer to the item below.
MV PPG
Mitral valve maximum pressure gradient [mmHg]
Refer to the item below.
MV Diam
Mitral valve diameter [mm]
Refer to subsection 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
HR
Heart rate [bpm]
Refer to subsection 3.4 "Heart Rate Measurement (HR)".
E/A
E Vel / A Vel
A/E
A Vel / E Vel
DcT
Deceleration time [ms]
Measure
SV
Stroke volume [mL]
0.785 (MVDiam) ABS | MV VTI |
CO
Cardiac output [L]
SV HR / 1000
SI
SV Index
SV / BSA (BSA: Body surface area)
CI
CO Index
MV Area
2
CO / BSA (BSA: Body surface area) 2
2
Mitral valve area [mm or cm ]
220 / PHT
NOTE: 1. When [HR] is selected with the HR measurement method set to ECG, the HR value is input from the ECG waveform displayed on the screen. 2. If [MV Trace] measurement is performed when HR is not measured, the HR value is automatically input from the ECG waveform displayed on the screen.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-18
YEM55600C-1
E Vel
999.9 cm/s
A Vel
999.9 cm/s
E/A
99.99
DcT
99999 ms
PHT
99999 ms
A/E
99.99
IRT
99999 ms
E Dur
99999 ms
A Dur
99999 ms
MV VTI
9.99 m
MV Diam
999.9 mm
MV Area
99999 mm
MV VM
999.9 cm/s
SV
999.9 mL
HR
999 bpm
MV VP
999.9 cm/s
CO
99.99 L/min
MV MPG
999.9 mmHg
SI
999.9 mL/m
MV PPG
999.9 mmHg
CI
99.99
2
2
(1) Measure [E Vel] and [A Vel]. Measure [PHT]. Measure [E-Dur], [A-Dur], and [IRT]. Measure [HR].
HR
LV
E VEL A VEL
RV
RA
PHT
IRT EDUR ADUR
LA
PCG
(2) Measure [MV V Trace].
(3) Measure [MV Diam].
Diam
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-19
YEM55600C-1
5.11 Mitral Valve Regurgitation Measurement (Mitral Regurgitation: MR) Measurement item name
*
Contents [Unit]
Measurement and calculation methods
dt
Time required for the regurgitation velocity at the mitral valve to change from 1 m/s to 3 m/s [ms]
Measurement Refer to item .
dP/dt
dP/dt value [mmHg/s]
dP/dt = 32 / dt 1000
MR Vel
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
MR PG
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
dP/dt measurement This measurement assesses mitral valve function during the LV systolic period based on the time the LV pressure takes to rise to 32 mmHg. The dP/dt value is obtained by measuring the time required for the regurgitation velocity at the mitral valve to change from 1 m/s to 3 m/s. * Source: IOWA HEART INSTITUTE CARDIAC DOPPLER HEMODYNAMIC HANDBOOK DP/DT The result is judged to be abnormal when the calculated value is lower than 1000 mmHg/s and is judged to be normal when the calculated value is greater than 1200 mmHg/s according to the above source.
Normal
> 1200 mmHg/s (< 27 msec)
Borderline
1000 to 1200 mmHg/s (27 msec to 32 msec)
Abnormal
< 1000 mmHg/s (> 32 msec)
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-20
YEM55600C-1
(1) Select [dP/dt] from the menu. Horizontal lines corresponding to the velocities of -1 m/s and -3 m/s are displayed together with a measurement cursor (vertical bar).
Regurgitation at the mitral valve
-1 m/s -3 m/s Measurement cursor (vertical bar)
(2) Operate the trackball to move the measurement cursor to the point corresponding to a regurgitation velocity of 1 m/s at the mitral valve (start point).
(3) Press SET . The measurement cursor at the point corresponding to a regurgitation velocity of 1 m/s becomes a dotted line. A new measurement cursor (vertical bar) is displayed. The start point and the end point are connected using dotted lines. (4) Operate the trackball to move the measurement cursor to the point corresponding to a regurgitation velocity of 3 m/s at the mitral valve.
(5) Press SET . The measurement cursor at the point corresponding to a regurgitation velocity of 3 m/s becomes a dotted line. When SET is pressed again, the end point can be set again.
MR Vel
999.9 cm/s
MR PG
999.9 mmHg
dt
99999 ms
dP/dt
9999 mmHg/s
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-21
YEM55600C-1
5.12 Aortic Valve Function Measurement (Aortic Valve) Measurement of aortic valve function is performed using 2D-mode and Doppler images.
Measurement item name
Contents [unit]
Measurement method
LVOT Vel LVOT Vel
PW-mode flow velocity [cm/s] Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
LVOT PG
PW-mode pressure gradient [mmHg]
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
AoV Vel
CW-mode flow velocity [cm/s]
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
AoV PG
CW-mode pressure gradient [mmHg]
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
LVOT VTI
Aortic valve VTI [m]
Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
LVOT VM
Aortic valve mean velocity [cm/s]
Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
LVOT VP
Aortic valve maximum velocity [cm/s]
Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
LVOT MPG
Aortic valve mean pressure gradient [mmHg]
Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
LVOT PPG
Aortic valve maximum pressure gradient [mmHg]
Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
CW-mode VTI [m]
Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
CW-mode maximum flow velocity [cm/s]
Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
AoV Vel
LVOT V Trace
AoV V Trace AoV VTI AoV VM AoV VP AoV MPG
Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
AoV PPG
Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
LVOT Diam
Left ventricular outflow tract diameter [mm]
Refer to subsection 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)".
HR
Heart rate [bpm]
Refer to subsection 3.4 "Heart Rate Measurement (HR)".
NOTE: 1. When [HR] is selected with the HR measurement method set to ECG, the HR value is input from the ECG waveform displayed on the screen. 2. If [LVOT Trace] measurement is performed when HR is not measured, the HR value is automatically input from the ECG waveform displayed on the screen.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-22
YEM55600C-1
Calculation item name
Contents [unit]
Calculation method
SV
Stroke volume [mL]
0.785 (LVOT Diam) ABS | LVOT VTI |
CO
Cardiac output [L]
SV HR / 1000
SI
SV Index
SV/BSA (BSA: Body surface area)
CI
CO Index
AoV Area
2
CO/BSA (BSA: Body surface area) 2
2
Aortic valve area [mm or cm ]
SV/AoV VTI / 100
Calculation item name
Contents [unit]
Calculation method
SV (PV)
Stroke volume [mL]
SV calculated at the pulmonary valve
CO (PV)
Cardiac output [L]
CO calculated at the pulmonary valve
HR (PV)
Heart rate [bpm]
HR measured at the pulmonary valve
Qp/Qs (SV)
Shunt ratio (SV)
SV (PV)/SV
Qp/Qs (CO)
Shunt ratio (CO)
CO (PV)/CO
AoV VTI
9.99 m
LVOT VTI
9.99 m
LVOT Diam 999.9 mm
AoV VM
999.9 cm/s
LVOT VM
999.9 cm/s
AoV Area
99999 mm
AoV VP
999.9 cm/s
LVOT VP
999.9 cm/s
SV
999.9 mL
AoV MPG
999.9 mmHg
LVOT MPG 999.9 mmHg
CO
99.99 L/min
AoV PPG
999.9 mmHg
LVOT PPG 999.9 mmHg
SI
999.9 mL/m
AoV Vel
999.9 cm/s
LVOT Vel
999.9 cm/s
CI
99.99
AoV PG
999.9 mmHg
LVOT PG
999.9 mmHg
HR
999 bpm
2
2
(1) Measure [LVOT Vel]. Measure [HR].
LVOT Vel
(PW Doppler)
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-23
YEM55600C-1
(2) Measure [LVOT V Trace].
(3) Measure [AoV Vel].
AV Vel
(CW Doppler) (4) Measure [AoV VTI].
(5) Measure [LVOT Diam]. LVOT Diam
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-24
YEM55600C-1
5.13 Aortic Valve Regurgitation Measurement (Aortic Regurgitation: AR)
Measurement item name
Contents
Measurement or calculation method
AR Vmax
Maximum AR velocity [cm/s]
Refer to subsection 5.2 "Acceleration Measurement (Accel)".
AR Ved
End diastolic AR velocity [cm/s]
Refer to subsection 5.2 "Acceleration Measurement (Accel)".
DcT
Deceleration time
DcT = AR Vmax/Decel Rate
Decel Rate
Decel Rate = (AR Vmax - AR Ved)/Time
AR Vmax
999.9 cm/s
AR Ved
999.9 cm/s
DcT
99999 ms
Decel Rate
999.9 cm/s
2
AR Vmax Ved Time DCT
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-25
YEM55600C-1
5.14 Tricuspid Valve Measurement (Tricuspid Valve) Measurement of tricuspid valve function is performed using Doppler images.
Measurement item name
Contents
Calculation method
TV VTI
Tricuspid valve VTI [m]
TV VTI measurement item Refer to 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
TV VM
Tricuspid valve mean velocity [cm/s]
TV VTI measurement item Refer to 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
TV VP
Tricuspid valve maximum velocity [cm/s]
TV VTI measurement item Refer to 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
TV MPG
Tricuspid valve mean pressure gradient [mmHg]
TV VTI measurement item Refer to 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
TV PPG
Tricuspid valve maximum pressure gradient [mmHg]
TV VTI measurement item Refer to 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
TV Vel
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
TV PG
Refer to subsection 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
TV VTI
9.99 m
TV MPG
999.9 mmHg
TV Vel
999.9 cm/s
TV VM
999.9 cm/s
TV PPG
999.9 mmHg
TV PG
999.9 mmHg
TV VP
999.9 cm/s
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-26
YEM55600C-1
(1) Measure [TV VEL Trace].
RV LV
RA
LA
(PW Doppler) (2) Measure [TV Vel].
TV-VEL
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-27
YEM55600C-1
5.15 Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation Measurement (Tricuspid Regurgitation: TR) Measurement item name TR VTI
Contents [unit] Tricuspid valve regurgitation VTI [m]
Measurement method Measurement (TR V Trace measurement item) Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
TR VM
Tricuspid valve regurgitation mean velocity [cm/s]
Measurement (TR V Trace measurement item) Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
TR VP
Tricuspid valve regurgitation maximum velocity [cm/s]
Measurement (TR V Trace measurement item) Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)" or 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
TR MPG
Tricuspid valve regurgitation mean pressure gradient [mmHg]
Measurement (TR V Trace measurement item)
Tricuspid valve regurgitation maximum pressure gradient [mmHg]
Measurement (TR V Trace measurement item)
RA Press
Right atrium pressure [mmHg]
Measurement (manual input)
RVSP
Right ventricle systolic pressure [mmHg]
RVSP = TR PPG + RAPress
TR PPG
Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
Refer to subsection 5.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)" or 5.1 "Flow Velocity Measurement".
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-28
YEM55600C-1
TR VTI
9.99 m
TR MPG
999.9 mmHg
TR Vel
999.9 cm/s
TR VM
999.9 cm/s
TR PPG
999.9 mmHg
TR PG
999.9 mmHg
TR VP
999.9 cm/s
RA Press
999.9 mmHg
RVSP
999.9 mmHg
NOTE: For TR VP and TR PPG, the values measured most recently using [TR Vel] or [TR Vel Trace] are input. For RA Press, 10.0 mmHg is input as the default. If no value is input for RA Press, RVSP is calculated assuming that the right atrium pressure is 10.0 mmHg.
No. 2B730-818EN*A 5-29
YEM55600C-1
5.16 Pulmonary Valve Measurement (Pulmonary Valve) Measurement of pulmonary valve function is performed using a Doppler image.