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LISTENING COMPREHENSION T h e first se c tio n o f th e T O E F L test is th e L iste n in g C o m p r e h e n s io n se c tio n . T h is se c tio n c o n sists o f fifty q u e s tio n s (so m e tests m ay b e lo n g e r ) . You w ill listen to r e c o r d e d m a teria ls a n d r e s p o n d to q u e s tio n s a b o u t th e m a teria l. You m u st lis te n carefully, b e c a u se y o u will h e a r th e r e c o r d in g p ro g ra m o n e tim e only, a n d th e m a teria l o n th e r e c o r d in g is n o t writte n in y o u r test b o o k . T h e r e are th r e e parts in th e L iste n in g C o m p r e h e n s io n se c tio n o f th e T O E F L test: 1.

P a rt A c o n sists o f thirty sh o r t co n v e rsa tio n s, e a c h fo llo w e d by a q u e s tio n . You m u st c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to e a c h q u e s tio n fr o m th e fo u r c h o ic e s in y o u r te st b o o k . 2. P a rt B c o n sists o f tw o lo n g c o n v e rsa tio n s, e a c h fo llo w e d by a n u m b e r o f q u estio n s. Y ou m u st c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to e a c h q u e s tio n from th e fo u r c h o ic e s in your 3.

te st b o o k . P a rt C c o n sists o f th r e e talks, e a c h fo llo w e d by a n u m b e r o f q u estio n s. You m u st c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to e a c h q u e s tio n fro m th e fo u r c h o ic e s in y o u r test b o o k .

GENERAL STRATEGIES 1. Be fam iliar w ith th e d irectio n s. The directions on every TOEFL test are the same, so it is not necessary to listen carefully to them each time. You should be completely familiar with the directions before the day of the test. 2. Listen carefully to th e co n v ersa tio n s and ta lk s. You should concentrate fully on what the speakers are saying in the recording program, because you will hear it one time only. 3. Know w h er e th e e a sier and m o re difficult q u estio n s are generally found. Within each part of the Listening Comprehension section, the questions generally progress from easy to difficult. 4. N e v er leave any answ ers blank on your an sw er sh e e t. Even if you are unsure of the correct response, you should answer each question. There is no penalty for guessing. 5. U s e any rem aining tim e to lo o k ahead at th e an sw ers to th e q u estio n s th a t follow . When you finish with one question, you may have time to look ahead at the answers to the next question.

42

LISTENING PARTA

T HE L IS T E N IN G PA R TA Q U E S T IO N S For e a c h o f th e thirty q u e s tio n s in P art A o f th e L iste n in g C o m p r e h e n s io n s e c tio n o f th e T O E F L test, y o u w ill h e a r a sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n b e tw e e n two sp ea k er s f o llo w e d by a q u e s tio n . A fter y o u liste n to th e c o n v e r s a tio n a n d q u e s tio n , y o u m u st c h o o s e th e b e s t an sw er to th e q u e s tio n from y o u r test b o o k . Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (man) (woman) (narrator)

I've always w anted to visit Hawaii w ith you. Why not next m onth? What does the w om an mean?

In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

Next month isn't a good time for the trip. She doesn’t want to go to Hawaii. She suggests taking the trip next month. She’s curious about why he doesn't want to go.

A n sw er (C ) is th e b e st answ er to th e q u e s tio n . W hy n o t n e xt m o n th ? is a s u g g e s tio n th a t th e y take th e trip n e x t m o n th .

STRATEGIES FOR THE LISTENING PARTA QUESTIONS 1. A s you listen t o each sh o r t c o n v e rsa tio n , fo cu s on th e se c o n d line o f th e con v ersa tio n . The answer to the question is generally found in the second line. 2.

K eep in m ind th a t th e c o r r e c t a n sw er is probably a r e s ta te m e n t o f a key w ord or Idea in th e se c o n d line o f th e co n v e rsa tio n . Think of possible restatements.

3.

K eep in m ind th a t c er ta in str u c tu r es and e x p r essio n s are te s t e d regularly in L istening P art A . Listen for these structures and expressions: • structures (passives, negatives, wishes, conditions) • functional expressions (agreement, uncertainty, suggestion, surprise) • idiomatic expressions ( two-part verbs, three-part verbs, idioms)

4.

K eep in m ind th a t th e s e q u e stio n s gen erally progress from easy t o difficult. This means that questions I through S will be the easiest, and questions 26 through 30 will be the hardest.

5.

Read th e an sw ers and c h o o se t h e b e s t an sw er t o ea ch q u estio n . Remember to answer each question even if you are not sure of the correct response. Never leave any answers blank.

6.

Even if you do n o t u n derstand t h e c o m p le te co n v ersa tio n , you can find th e c o r r e c t answer. • If you only understood a few words or ideas in the second line, choose the answer that contains a restatement of those words or ideas. • If you did not understand anything at all in the second line of the conversation, choose the answer that sounds the m ost different from what you heard. • Never choose an answer because it sounds like what you heard in the conversation.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

T h e fo llo w in g skills will h e lp you to im p le m e n t th e se str a teg ie s in th e L iste n in g Part A s e c tio n o f th e T O E FL test. 5

STRATEGIES S k i l l I:

FO C U S O N T H E SEC O N D LINE

In L iste n in g Part A you w ill h ea r a sh o rt c o n v e r sa tio n in v o lv in g two p e o p le ; th is co n v ersa tio n is fo llo w e d by a q u estio n . It is im p o r ta n t to u n d e r sta n d th at th e answ er to this type o f q u e s tio n is m o st o fte n (b u t n o t always!) fo u n d in th e s e c o n d lin e o f th e c o n v e rsa tio n . E xam ple On the recording, you hear: (man) (woman) (narrator)

Billy really made a big m istake this time. Yes, he forgot to turn in his research paper. What does the w om an say about Billy?

In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

It was the first tim e he made a mistake. He forgot to write his paper. He turned in the paper in the wrong place. He didn’t remember to submit his assignment.

T h e s e c o n d lin e o f th is co n v e rsa tio n in d ic a te s th a t B illy forgot to tu r n in his paper, a n d this m e a n s th a t h e d id n o t remember to subm it it. T h e b e st an sw er is th e r e fo r e answ er ( D ) . T h e fo llo w in g ch a rt o u tlin e s th e m o st im p o r ta n t strategy fo r L iste n in g P art A: STRATEGY#!: FOCUS ONTHE SECOND LINE I.

The second line of the conversation probably contains the answer to the question.

2. Listen to the first line of the conversation. If you understand it, that’s good. If you don’t understand it, don’t worry because it probably does not contain the'answer.

LISTENING PARTA

E X E R C ISE 1: In th is e x e r c ise , y o u s h o u ld fo c u s o n th e s e c o n d lin e o f th e c o n v e r sa tio n , r e a d th e q u e s tio n , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th a t q u e s tio n . R e m e m b e r th a t y o u c a n p ro b a b ly an sw er th e q u e s tio n ea sily w ith o n ly th e s e c o n d lin e. (m an)

(woman) (narrator)

Can you tell me i f today's matinee is a comedy, romance, or western ? I have no idea. What does the woman mean ?

(A) (B)

She has strong ideas about movies. She prefers com ed ies over westerns and rom ances. (C) She d o esn ’t like today’s m atinee. (D) She does not know.

Was anyone at home at Barb’s house when you went there to deliver the package? (m an) / rang the bell, but no one answered. (narrator) What does the man imply?

(A) Barb answered the bell. (B) T h e house was probably empty. (C) T he bell wasn’t in the house. (D) T he house d o esn ’t have a bell.

You ju st got back from the interview fo r the internship. How do you think it went ? (m an) I think i t ’s highly unlikely that I got the job. (narrator) What does the m an suggest ?

(A)

2.(wom an)

3.(wom an)

It’s unlikely that h e ’ll go to the interview. (B) H e thinks h e ’ll be recom m en ded for a high-level job . (C) T he interview was apparently quite unsuccessful. (D) H e had an ex cellen t interview.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 1: In th is e x e r c is e , lis te n ca re fu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n a n d q u e stio n in th e r e c o r d in g p ro g ra m , a n d t h e n c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u e s tio n . You s h o u ld fo c u s ca refu lly o n th e s e c o n d lin e . N ow

BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE

1.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

H e is leaving now. H e has to go out o f his way. H e will n ot be leaving soon. H e will d o it his own way.

2.

(A) (B)

H e locked die door. H e tried unsuccessfully to g e t into the house. H e was able to o p en the door. H e left the house without locking the door.

(C) (D) 3.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

4.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

She d oesn ’t like to listen to turkeys. She thinks the d in ner sounds special. She especially likes the roast turkey. Sh e’d prefer a different dinner. H e ’ll be busy with her hom ework tonight. H e can’t help her tonight. H e ’s sorry he can’t ever h elp her. H e ’ll help her with her physics.

I.

5.

(A) H er eyes hurt. (B) She thought the lecture was great. (C) T he class was boring. (D) She did n’t want to watch Professor Martin.

6.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

N ot all the bills have b een paid. They d o n ’t have en ou gh credit to pay the bills. What she said on the p h o n e was not credible. H e used a credit card to pay som e o f the bills.

7.

(A) S h e’ll call back quickly. (B) S h e’ll definitely b e back by 4:00. (C) S h e’ll give it back by 4:00. (D) S h e’ll try to return fast.

8.

(A) She hasn’t seen Tim. (B) Tim was there only for a m om ent. (C) Tim was around a short tim e ago. (D) Tim will return in a m inute.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

(A) (B) (C) (D)

She doesn’t like the place he chose. She doesn’t want to get into the car. S h e’s glad the spot is reserved. T hey can’t park the car there.

S k i l l 2:

10.

(A) T here’s plenty to eat. (B) T he refrigerator’s broken. (C) The food isn’t in the refrigerator. (D) H e ’s n ot sure if there’s enough.

C H O O S E ANSW ERS W IT H S Y N O N Y M S

O fte n th e c o r r e c t an sw er in L iste n in g Part A is an an sw er th a t c o n ta in s syn on ym s (w ords w ith sim ila r m e a n in g s b u t d iffe r e n t so u n d s) fo r k e y w o r d s in th e c o n v e rsa tio n .

Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (woman) (man) (narrator)

Why is Barbara feeling so happy? She just started working in a real estate agency. What does the man say about Barbara?

In your test book, you read: (A) She always liked her work in real estate. (B) She began a new job. (C) She just bought some real estate. (D) She bought a real estate agency.

In th is c o n v e rsa tio n , th e key w ord started m e a n s began, a n d th e key w ord w orking refers to job. T h e b e st answ er to th is q u e s tio n is th e r e fo r e an sw er ( B ) . T h e fo llo w in g ch a rt o u tlin e s a very im p o r ta n t strategy for L iste n in g Part A: STRATEGY #2: CHOOSE ANSWERS WITH SYNONYMS 1. As you listen to the second line of the conversation,focus on key words In that line. 2.

If you see any synonyms for key words in a particular answer, then you have probably found the correct answer.

E X E R C ISE 2: In th is e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e key w ord s in th e se c o n d lin e o f e a c h sh o rt c o n v e rsa tio n . T h e n u n d e r lin e syn on ym s for th e se key w ord s in th e answ ers, a n d c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to e a ch q u e s tio n . R e m em b er th a t th e b e s t answ er is p rob ab ly th e answ er th a t c o n ta in s syn on ym s fo r th e key w ord s in th e s e c o n d lin e o f th e co n v ersa tio n . 1.

(wom an) (m an) (narrator)

Did you see the manager about the job in the bookstore? Yes, and I also had to Jill out an application. What does the m an mean?

(A) H e got a job as bookstore manager. (B) The bookstore was not accepting applications. (C) H e saw a book about how to apply for jobs. (D) It was necessary to com plete a form.

LISTENING PART A

2.

(man) (woman) (narrator)

3.

(man) (woman) (narrator)

We 're planning to leave fo r the trip at about 2:00. C ouldn’t we leave before noon ? What does the woman ask ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

If they could leave at n oon . If it is possible to go by 12:00. Why they can’t leave at noon . If they could leave the room.

Was the concert well received ? The audience applauded fo r a long time after the performance. What does the woman say about the concert?

(A)

T he perform ance went on for a long time. T here was applause throughout the perform ance. The p eople clapped o n and on after the concert. The aud ien ce waited for a long tim e for the concert to begin.

(B) (C) (D)

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 2: In th is e x e r c ise , liste n carefu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n a n d q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p r o g r a m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b est answ er to th e q u e s tio n . You s h o u ld lo o k fo r syn on ym s fo r key w o r d s in th e s e c o n d lin e. N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 2.

(A)

T h e final exam was harder than the others. (B) T here were two exam s rather than one. (C) H e thought the exam would be easier. (D) T h e exam was not very difficult.

6.

T he firefighters saved the hom es for last. (B) A firefighter saved the hillside last night. (C) The hom es on the hillside were burned. (D) T he houses w eren’t destroyed.

(A) (B) (C)

7.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

T here’s en o u g h soup. T he spices are adequate. She thinks the sou p’s too salty. The man should add m ore salt and pepper.

8.

(A)

He was lucky to receive a grant for his studies. He used his fortune to pay his fees. He is a scholar at a co lleg e with low fees. He paid to g et a scholarship.

(D)

H e ’s not feelin g very well. H e ’s rather sick o f working. H e ’s feelin g better today than yesterday. H e ’d really rather n o t answer the question.

(A)

(A)

T he com pany was fo u n d ed about a year ago. (B) It was just established that he could go into business. (C) T he family is well established. (D) T he business only lasted a year.

(B) (C) (D) 9.

(A)

H e did not look at the right schedule. (B) T h e plane landed in the right place. (C) T h e plane arrived on time. (D) H e had to wait for the plane to land. (A) (B)

Sh e’d rather go running. She d oesn ’t want to g o into the pool. (C) Sh e’ll change cloth es quickly and go swimming. (D) She needs a sweatsuit to go running.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

10.

(A)

It profited from previous mistakes. It earned a lot o f money. This was the last year that it would make a profit. It was not so successful.

Chuck’s bank account has too m uch m oney in it. (B) H e thinks Chuck has the wrong kind o f bank account. (C) H e thinks that Chuck is on his way h o m e from the bank. (D) T here isn’t enough m oney in Chuck’s account.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

S k i l l 3:

A V O ID SIM ILAR SO U N D S

O fte n th e in c o r r e c t answ ers in L iste n in g P art A are answ ers th a t c o n ta in w ord s w ith sim ila r s o u n d s b u t very d iffe r e n t m e a n in g s fro m w h a t y o u h e a r in th e r e c o r d in g p rogram . You sh o u ld d e fin ite ly a void th e se answers.

Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (man) (woman) (narrator)

Why couldn't Mark com e w ith us? He was searching for a new apartment. What does the w om an say about Mark?

In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

He was in the department office. He was looking for a place to live. He was working on his research project. He had an appointment at church.

T h e k ey w o rd s in th e s e c o n d lin e o f th e c o n v e r sa tio n are searching a n d apartm ent. In a n sw ers (C ) a n d (D ) th e w ord s research a n d church s o u n d lik e search, so th e se answ ers are in c o r r e c t. In answ ers (A ) a n d (D ), th e w ord s departm ent a n d appointm ent so u n d like apartm ent, so th e se answ ers are in c o r r e c t. T h e b e st an sw er is th e r e fo r e answ er (B ). T h e fo llo w in g ch a rt o u tlin e s a very im p o r ta n t strategy fo r L iste n in g Part A: STRATEGY #3: AVOID SIMILAR SOUNDS 1. Identify key words in the second line of the conversation. 2.

Identify words in the answers that contain similar sounds, and do not choose these answers.

NOTE: InAppendix A there are drills to practice distinguishing similar sounds. You may want to complete these practice drills before trying the following exercises.

E X E R C ISE 3: In this e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e key w ord s in th e s e c o n d lin e o f e a c h sh o rt c o n v e rsa tio n . T h e n u n d e r lin e w ord s w ith so u n d s sim ila r to th e se key w ord s in th e answ ers, a n d c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to e a c h q u e s tio n . R e m e m b e r th a t th e b e st an sw er is probab ly th e an sw er th a t d o e s n o t c o n ta in w ord s w ith so u n d s th a t are sim ilar to th e so u n d s o f th e key w o rd s in th e s e c o n d lin e o f th e c o n v e rsa tio n . 1.

I heard that Sally jiust moved into a new, big house near the beach. (m an) But Sally doesn '1 have a cent! (narrator) What does the man mean? (wom an)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Sally has no sense o f responsibility. Sally sent her friend to the house. Sally has n o money. Sally is on the set with her.

LISTENING PARTA

(woman) (man) (narrator)

(man) (woman) (narrator)

Did they get the new car they wanted ? No, they lacked the money. What does the man mean ?

(A) (B) (C)

Have you finished packing yet? You should call the porter to get the suitcases. What does the woman mean ?

(A) (B) (C)

They locked the m ap in a car. They looked many times in the car. It cost a lot o f m oney when the car leaked oil. (D) T hey d id n ’t have en o u g h m oney to buy another car.

(D)

It’s im portant to pack the suitcases. They n eed help carrying their bags. T he man should pack his suit in case he needs it. T he suitcases are quite portable.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 3: In th is e x e r c ise , listen ca refu lly to th e sh o r t co n v e r sa tio n a n d q u e stio n in th e r e c o r d in g p r o g r a m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u e s tio n . You sh o u ld b e c a refu l to a void answ ers w ith sim ila r so u n d s. N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 3.

1.

2.

(A) (B)

She has to wait for som e cash. T he waiter is bringing a glass o f water. (C) The lawn is too dry. (D) She n eed s to watch out for a crash.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

3.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

4.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

5.

The sweater’s the wrong size. The m an ’s feet aren ’t sweating. The sweater makes the m an seem fat. The sweet girl d o e sn ’t feel right. He has been regularly using a computer. He com m unicates with a Boston company. He regularly g o es to com m unities around Boston. H e has been traveling back and forth to Boston. He thought the lesson d id n ’t matter. H e c o u ld n ’t learn the lesson. H e learned a massive num ber o f details. He d id n ’t like m ost o f the lesson.

(A) Som e animals started the first fire. (B) Anim als are killed by forest fires. (C) In the first frost, animals die. (D) Frost can kill animals.

6.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Twenty pairs o f sh oes are on sale. The sh oe salesclerk spent twenty dollars on pears. The shoes cost twenty dollars. The shoes could be repaired for twenty dollars.

7.

Tom tended to dislike biology lab. Attendance wasn’t necessary at biology lab. (C) Tom w ent to biology lab. (D) There was a tendency to require biology lab.

8.

(A) (B)

(A) (B)

(C) (D) 9.

10.

T he m eal will be served at noon. T he m ales should be driven there by noon. H e ’s expecting the ice to m elt before noon. The letters ough t to be delivered at 12:00.

T he w eather will probably get worse later. (B) T he newspaper headlines described a bad storm. (C) T here was news about a headstrong man. (D) He had a new bed. (A)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

If she could do the grocery shopping. If she prefers cooked vegetables or salad. If she could help prepare the salad. If she minds sh opp in g for vegetables.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

T O E F L E X E R C ISE (S k ills 1 -3 ): In th is e x e r c is e , listen carefu lly to th e sh o rt c o n v ersa tio n a n d q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p ro g ra m , a n d t h e n c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u estio n .

D

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE (SKILLS 1-3).

(A) (B) (C) (D) 2.

She would prefer a sunny day. T he park is too crowded. She would like a place that is not so loud. (D) She cannot walk because sh e’s too old.

7.

(A)

8.

(A)

9.

(A)

10.

(A)

(A) (B) (C)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

4.

He would like som e iced coffee. H e wants to stop drinking coffee. A drink seem s like a good idea. H e needs to drink som ething to stop his coughing.

H e should open an account. He should take a ride on a ship. H e should try to keep the cost cheap. H e should try som ething m onoton ous to get to sleep.

The departm ent is not changing the requirements. (B) H e hasn’t heard anything about the change. (C) The changes are believable. (D) What has happened is incredible to him.

(A)

T he wait has taken close to an hour. (B) They were stranded in their car. (C) Most o f the people have been in line for hours. (D) They made a line in the sand.

5.

(A)

6.

(A)

The instructor is selecting several passages. (B) T he conductor is fair to the passengers. (C) T he stamp collector is conducting his business. (D) The riders are paying for the train trip.

The managers will take the train to the program. (B) A program to develop new managers will com m ence soon. (C) The new m anagem ent program is very weak. (D) The program will be maintained to the letter. The fire started to attack the building. (B) T he firefighter stared at the attacker. (C) The fire probably began at the top o f the building. The firefighter started to attack the (D) fire. H e assured the woman that he knew the truth. (B) He is sure that it isn’t new. (C) He thought that the woman was aware o f what happened. (D) H e soon will know the truth. The art professor is not one of his fans. (B) His drawings were amazing. (C) T he catches that h e m ade were fantastic. His sketches showed a fantasy (D) world.

LISTENING PARTA

W H O ,W H A T , W H E R E -----------------------------------------------------------------S k ill

4:

D R A W C O N C L U S IO N S A B O U T WHO, WHAT, W H ER E

It is c o m m o n in L iste n in g P art A to ask y o u to draw s o m e k in d o f c o n c lu s io n . In th is type o f q u e s tio n th e a n sw er is n o t clea rly sta ted ; in ste a d y o u m u st draw a c o n c lu s io n b a sed o n c lu e s g iv e n in th e c o n v e rsa tio n . O n e k in d o f c o n c lu s io n th a t is c o m m o n in this p art o f th e test is to ask y o u to d e t e r m in e who th e sp ea k er is, b a sed o n c lu e s g iv e n in th e c o n v e rsa tio n .

Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (woman) (man) (narrator)

Can you tell me w hat assignm ents I m issed when I was absent from your class? You m issed one hom ework assignm ent and a quizWho is the man?

In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

A newspaper editor. A police officer. A teacher. A student.

T h e c lu e s y o u r class, homework, a n d q u iz in th e c o n v e r sa tio n te ll y o u th a t th e m a n is p r o b a bly a tea ch er. A n sw er (C ) is th e r e fo r e th e c o r r e c t answer. A n o th e r type o f c o n c lu s io n th a t is c o m m o n in L iste n in g P art A is to d e te r m in e w h a t w ill p rob ab ly h a p p e n n e x t, b a sed o n c lu e s g iv e n in th e c o n v e rsa tio n .

Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (woman) (man) (narrator)

Are you going to read those books here in the library? I think I'd rather check them out now and take them home. What w ill the m an probably do next?

In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

Sit down in the library. Look for some more books. Return the books to the shelves. Go to the circulation desk.

T h e m a n says th a t h e w o u ld lik e to check the books o u t now. S in c e th e circulation desk is w h e r e y o u g o to c h e c k b o o k s o u t fr o m a library, th e m an w ill p ro b a b ly g o to th e c ir c u la tio n d e sk n e x t. T h e c o r r e c t an sw er is th e r e fo r e an sw er (D ).

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

A fin a l type o f c o n c lu s io n th a t is c o m m o n in L iste n in g Part A is to d e te r m in e where th e c o n v e r sa tio n p ro b a b ly takes p la c e , b a sed o n c lu e s g iv e n in th e c o n v e rsa tio n .

Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (woman) (man) (narrator)

Are you going into the water, or are you just going to lie there on the sand? I think I need to p u t on som e suntan lotion. Where does this conversation probably take place?

In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

At a beauty salon. At the beach. In a sandbox. At an outdoor restaurant.

T h e c lu e s water, sa n d , a n d s u n ta n lotion in th e c o n v e r sa tio n tell y o u th at th is c o n v e rsa tio n p r o b a b ly takes p la c e at th e beach. A n sw er (B ) is th e r e fo r e th e c o r r e c t answer. T h e fo llo w in g ch a rt o u tlin e s th e key p o in t th a t y o u sh o u ld r e m e m b e r a b o u t th is type o f q u estio n : CONCLUSIONS ABOUT WHO, WHAT, WHERE It is common for you to be asked to draw one of the following conclusions in Listening Part A: 1.

WHO is probably talking?

2.

WHAT will s/he probably do next?

3.

W H ERE does the conversation probably take place?

E X E R C ISE 4: In th is e x e r c ise , r ea d th e sh o r t c o n v e r sa tio n an d q u e s tio n , u n d e r lin e the c lu e s th a t h e lp y o u answ er th e q u e s tio n , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st answer. You w ill have to draw c o n c lu s io n s a b o u t who, what, a n d where. 1.

(m an) (wom an) (narrator) (wom an) (m an) (narrator)

I ’d like to deposit thừ check in my account, please. Would you like any cash back ? Who is the woman?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

H ave you deposited your paycheck yet ? No, but that’s next on my list of errands. What will the m an probably do next?

(A) (B)

A store clerk. A bank teller. An accountant. A waitress.

Earn his paycheck. Write a check for a deposit on an apartment. (C) Go to a bank. (D) Make a list o f errands to run.

LISTENING PARTA

(man) (woman) (narrator)

Did you get the bread, eggs, and milk? Now we need to stand in line at the checkout counter. Where does this conversation probably take place?

(A) In a restaurant. (B) At a bakery. (C) On a farm. (D) In a market.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 4: In th is e x e r c is e , liste n ca refu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n a n d q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p ro g ra m a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e s t an sw er to t h e q u e s tio n . You w ill have to draw c o n c lu s io n s a b o u t who, w hat, a n d where. n

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 4.

1.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

In In In In

2.

(A) (B) (C)

a photography studio. a biology laboratory. an office. the library.

6.

(A) On a playground. (B) In a parking lot. (C) At a zoo. (D) In a ph oto studio.

H e ’s a pilot. H e ’s a flight attendant. H e ’s a m em ber o f the grounds crew. H e works clearing land.

7.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

3.

Wash the dishes immediately. Use as many dishes as possible. Wash the dishes for as lon g as possible. (D) Wait until later to clean up.

8.

(A) In an airplane. (B) In a police car. (C) In a theater. (D) At a fireworks exhibit.

9.

4.

(A) In a (B) In a (C) At a (D) In a

(A) (B) (C)

(D)

5.

(A) (B) (C)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

A A A A

bank. restaurant. service station. beauty salon.

salesclerk in a shoe store. sh o e repairperson. party caterer. salesclerk in a fixtures departm ent.

(D) 10.

R espond to the mail. Put the letters in a file. It depend s o n where the file is. File the answers she received to the letters.

Take care o f Bob. Invite Bob to dinner. Let Bob know that they accept his invitation. R espond to the w om an’s question.

(A) A pharmacist. (B) A dentist. (C) A teacher. (D) A business manager.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

S k ill

5:

LISTEN FOR W HO A N D WHAT IN PASSIVES

It is so m e tim e s d iffic u lt to u n d e rsta n d who or w h a t is d o in g th e a c tio n in a passive se n te n c e . T h is p r o b le m is o f t e n te sted in L iste n in g P art A.

Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (man) (woman) (narrator)

Did Sally go to the bank this morning? Yes, she did. She got a new checking account. What does the w om an imply?

In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

Sally wrote several checks. Sally wanted to check up on the bank. A new checking account was opened. Sally checked on the balance in her account.

In this co n v ersa tio n , th e w om an u ses an active sta te m en t th at m ea n s that Sally opened a checkin g account. T h e c o rrect answ er u ses th e passive stru ctu re th at a checking account was opened to ex p ress th e sam e idea. T h e r e fo r e , the b est answ er to th e q u estio n above is answ er (C ). You sh o u ld n o te th e fo llo w in g a b o u t passive s e n t e n c e s in L iste n in g P art A: PASSIVE STATEMENTS

___________________________

1. If the conversation contains a passive statement, the answer to the question Is often an oct/ve statement. 2. If the conversation contains an active statement, the answer to the question is often a passive statement. NOTE: Check carefully who or what is doing the action in these questions.

E X E R C ISE 5: In th is e x e r c ise e a c h o f th e c o r r e c t answ ers is e ith e r a passive r e sta te m e n t o f an a ctive se n te n c e or a n active r e sta te m e n t o f a passive se n te n c e . R ead th e sh o r t c o n v ersa tio n an d u n d e r lin e th e key active o r passive sta te m e n t. T h e n read th e q u e stio n and c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u e stio n . B e c a re fu l a b o u t who an d w hat w ith th e se passives. 1.

(wom an) (m an) (narrator)

Alice needs to pay her tuition today. But her tuition has alreadybeen paid. What does the man imply T

(A) (B) (C) (D)

A lice’s education has paid off. A lice’s tuition needs to be paid. Alice has already paid her fees. Alice has already received the money.

LISTENING PARTA

(m an) (woman) (narrator)

Have you been taking good care o f the lawn ? I watered it only this morning. What does the woman mean ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Did you hear the news about the child who was lost in the park ? (woman) Yes, and I heard that she was ju st found! (narrator) What does the woman mean ? (m an)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

She drank som e water on the lawn this m orning. She waited for him on the lawn this m orning. T he lawn has already b een watered today. She wanted a new lawn this morning. Som eone located the girl. She heard about the new park from the child. T he child found her lost pet. The child was the last o n e in the park.

T O E F L E X ER C ISE 5: In th is e x e r c is e , liste n c a re fu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n a n d q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p r o g r a m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th e q u e s tio n . You sh o u ld be p a rticu la rly c a refu l o f p assives. N ow (A) (B) (C) (D) 2.

3.

If the restaurant is on the corner. If the man would like to go to the restaurant. If the vegetables are fresh. If vegetarian food can be obtained.

H e admittfcd that h e wanted to go to law school in the fall. (B) T h e law school accepted him as a student. (C) T h e law professor adm itted that he would be a student in the fall semester. (D) H e would be adm itted to law school after the fall semester.

5.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

(A)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

4.

BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 5.

Mark’s plants were cared for in his absence. Mark’s plan was to be out o f town. Mark was careful about his plans for the out-of-town trip. She was careful while Mark was gone.

T h e lights in the trees were destroyed in the storm. (B) T h e storm dam aged the trees. (C) T h e falling trees destroyed a store. (D) In the light the destruction o f the storm could be seen.

6.

(A)

7.

(A)

T he road the horses took was long and hard. (B) It was hard to find the hidden houses. (C) T he riders worked the horses too m uch. (D) It was hard for p eop le to ride the horses for long.

(B) (C) (D)

(A)

8.

She was broke from skiing. She w ent skiing in spite o f her accident. H er leg was hurt on a skiing trip. H er skis were broken in the m ountains.

(A)

H e d id n ’t want the co ffee that the wom an ordered. H e wasn’t sure if the wom an wanted co ffee. H e assum ed the wom an had ordered coffee. H e was unaware that coffee had already b een ordered.

T he car was in the left parking lo t at the airport. (B) T he friends parked their car at the airport. (C) T he airport c o u ld n ’t hold a lot o f cars. (D) T here were a lot o f cars to the left o f the parking lot.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

9.

(A) (B)

The students p ointed at Mac. Mac was present when the other students m ade the appointm ent. (C) The class representative suggested Mac to the other students. (D) Mac was chosen by his classmates to represent them.

S k ill

6:

10.

(A)

After the earthquake, the insurance com pany came out to inspect the damage. (B) The insurance company insisted that the building be repaired to m eet earthquake safety standards. (C) The inhabitants paid their premiums after the earthquake. (D) T he insurance company paid for the earthquake damage.

LISTEN FOR W HO A N D WHAT W IT H MULTIPLE N O U N S

W h e n th e r e is m o r e th a n o n e n o u n in a s e n te n c e in L iste n in g P art A , it is c o m m o n for th e answ ers to c o n fu s e w h ic h n o u n d o e s w hat.

Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (man) (woman) (narrator)

Do you know w ho is in the band now? I heard that Mara replaced Robert in the band. What does the w om an say about the band?

In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

Robert became a new member of the band. Robert took Mara's place in the band. Mara didn’t have a place in the band. Mara took Robert’s place in the band.

In th e w o m a n ’s r e s p o n se to th e m a n ’s q u e s tio n , sh e talks a b o u t tw o p e o p le (M ara a n d Robert), a n d th e se tw o p e o p le are c o n fu s e d in th e answ ers. B e ca u se M ara replaced Robert, th is m e a n s th at M ara is in th e b a n d a n d R o b er t is n o t. T h e b e st answ er is th e r efo r e a n sw er (D ). T h e fo llo w in g ch art o u tlin e s th e key p o in t th a t y o u sh o u ld r e m e m b e r a b o u t q u estio n s w ith m u ltip le n ou n s:

LISTENING PARTA

E X E R C ISE 6: In th is e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e c o n fu s in g n o u n s in e a c h sh o r t c o n v e rsa tio n . T h e n read th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th a t q u e s tio n . R e m e m b e r to th in k very ca re fu lly a b o u t w h o is d o in g w h at. (m an) (wom an) (narrator)

(m an) (wom an) (narrator)

Why is Bill not at work thừ week? H is doctor made him take a week off. What does the woman mean ?

(A)

Why is P aul going back home this summer? H e ’s returning to Vermont fo r his sister’s wedding. What does the woman mean 1

(A)

T he doctor d ecid ed to take som e rime o ff from work. (B) T he doctor told Bill he w asn’t too weak to work. (C) Bill was mad w hen the doctor took som e time off. (D) Bill took a vacation on his d octor’s orders.

(B) (C) (D)

3.

(man) (wom an) (narrator)

D id you hear that John's uncle died? Yes, and John was named beneficiary in his uncle’s will. What does the woman mean ?

Paul is gettin g m arried this summer. Paul’s sister is returning from Verm ont to g e t married. Paul will be there when his sister gets m arried this summer. Paul’s sister is com in g to his wedding in Vermont.

(A) John received an inheritance when his un cle died. (B) It’s a b enefit that J o h n ’s nam e is the sam e as his u n cle’s. (C) John knows that his un cle will com e to the benefit. (D) J o h n ’s uncle gave him a b eneficial name.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 6: In th is e x e r c is e , liste n ca refu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n a n d q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p r o g r a m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th e q u e s tio n . Y ou s h o u ld b e pa rticu larly c a re fu l o f w h o is d o in g w hat.

n

N ow

BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT T o e f l E x e r c is e 6.

(A) (B)

2.

The passenger waited at the corner. T he passenger looked for a taxi at the corner. (C) T he cab driver waited for the passenger. (D) T he passenger cornered the waiting taxi driver.

3.

(A)

4.

It was hard for her to hear Jane last night. (B) Jane gave a harp recital last night. (C) Jane was playing hard while she was hurt. (D) She played the harp last night for Jane.

(A) (B) (C) (D) (A) (B) (C) (D)

The baby sister w ent to bed quite early. T he children w ere forced to go to bed early. T he baby-sitter m ade the bed after the children g o t up. T he baby-sitter did not stay up late. The m an taught his son about football. The boy is receiving the ball from his dad. T he ball is b eing tossed in to the air by the boy. The m an is playing with the ball in the sun.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

The chairman decid ed that Tony would serve on the board for another year. (B) The chairman elected the board. (C) The board decided Tony could be chairman after o n e year. Tony becam e chairman for one (D) more year.

(A)

The students were told to go listen to the speaker. ' (B) T he professor attended that even in g’s lecture. T he students were given directions (C) to the lecture. (D) The professor was directed to the lecture hall.

8.

(A)

T he m anager went to the supply room. (B) The clerk set supplies on the floor (C) T he clerk went to the supply room at the m anager’s request. (D) T he clerk backed into the manager in the supply room.

9.

(A) (B)

10.

(A)

(A)

T he librarian was quite reserved with the students for two days. W ithin two days the librarian had (B) the books for the students. (C) T he librarian asked the students for the books. (D) T he students put the books on hold for two days.

(A)

The ju d ge defended the murderer. The ju d ge tried to protect the defendant from the murderer. The ju d ge said that the defendant (C) was a criminal. (D) T he defense cou ld n ’t make a jud gm en t about the criminal. The woman should announce the nam es o f the com m ittee members. (B) H e is thankful to be appointed to the com m ittee. H e is sure about the tim e o f the (C) appointm ent with the com mittee. (D) The woman will serve on the com mittee.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE (S k ills 4 - 6 ) : In th is e x e r c ise , listen carefu lly to th e sh o r t co n v e rsa tio n a n d q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p ro g r a m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u e s tio n . N o w BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE (SKILLS 4-6).

(A) In a departm ent store. (B) In a stationery store. (C) At the post office. (D) At the airport.

4.

(A) A delivery man. (B) A famous chef. (C) A clerk in a fast-food restaurant. (D) An airline steward.

T he teacher gave the students a hand. (B) T he term papers were turned in. (C) T he students got the papers from the office. (D) T he teacher handed the papers to the students.

5.

(A)

6.

(A) (B)

2.

(A)

3.

(A)

The attendant checked the oil in Mark’s car. (B) Mark checked to see if he had en ou gh oil in his car. Mark checked with the servicc (C) station attendant. (D) Mark wrote a check to pay for the oil.

They n eed new print for the additional copies. (B) They can make extra copies if necessary. Printers are n eeded for the (C) additional copies. (D) Additional copies are needed immediately. The professor bought two books. The students had to purchase two books. (C) T he students sold two books to the professor. (D) The students were required to read two books by the professor.

LISTENING PARTA

7.

8.

(A) T he doctor returned to the office. (B) Jim asked the doctor to com e to the office. (C) T he doctor will not return until n ext week. (D) Jim was told to com e back. (A) (B) (C) (D)

Go to work in the lab. Sam ple the work from the lab. Have the sam ples delivered. Send a n ote to the lab.

9.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

10.

Mary becam e the new class president. Sue took her place as class president. In place o f Mary, Sue becam e senior class president. T he senior class president replaced Sue and Mary.

(A)

The panel was analyzed on the television program. (B) A com m ittee evaluated recent political events. (C) T he program featured a psychoanalyst. (D) T he panel discussed the television program.

T O E F L R EV IEW E X E R C ISE (S k ills 1 - 6 ) : In th is e x e r c ise , listen ca re fu lly to th e s h o r t c o n v e r s a tio n a n d q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p r o g r a m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e s t a n sw er to th e q u e s tio n . N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (SKILLS 1-6).

H e seem ed to be rather hungry. She was quite angry at him. H e was trying to hang the posters. She believes he was mad.

1.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

2.

T h e parents are g o in g to stay up late. (B) T h e parents have given H annah her allowance. (C) Lately, the parents have not been so loud. (D) H annah does n o t have to go to bed early. (A)

3.

(A) At a departm ent store. (B) At a service station. (C) At a collection agency. (D) In a delivery room.

4.

(A) She just broke som e eggs. (B) T hey n eed to eat fast. (C) She is serious about the boat. (D) H e has a ch oice to make.

5.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

It was urgent that Ellen do her best. H e really urged Ellen to do m ore. H e was encouraged by Ellen to try harder. Ellen told him that she was trying to do better.

6.

(A) T he car stalled on the road. (B) Som eo.ie took the car. (C) Rob sold his car. (D) Rob heard so m eo n e steal his car.

7.

(A) Buying the bigger container. (B) Putting the milk in the cart. (C) Taking a carton that is smaller. (D) G etting the milk tom orrow instead.

8.

T he receptionist w elcom ed the businesspeople. (B) T he man created a shipping and receiving business. (C) T he businesspeople were rather greedy. (D) T he businesspeople g reeted the receptionist.

9.

(A)

10.

(A)

T h e police officer was stationed near the tourist. (B) T he tourist was forced to accom pany the p o lice officer. (C) T he tourist becam e m ad at the police station. (D) T h e tourist stated that the p olice officer never cam e. (A) H e hasn’t seen her ideas. (B) It was a terrible deal. (C) H e d o esn ’t like the idea. (D) It sounds m agnificent to him.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

NEGATIVES S k i l l 7:

LISTEN FOR NEG ATIVE EXPRESSIONS

N e g a tiv e e x p r e s sio n s are very c o m m o n in L iste n in g P art A, a n d th e m o st c o m m o n kin d o f c o r r e c t r e s p o n s e to a n e g a tiv e sta te m e n t is a p o sitiv e sta te m e n t c o n ta in in g a w ord w ith an o p p o s ite m e a n in g . Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (man) (woman) (narrator)

How did they get to their grandmother's house in Maine in only five hours? They didn't drive slowly on the trip to Maine. What does the w om an say about the trip?

In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

They drove rather quickly. They couldn’t have driven more slowly. They wanted to travel slowly to Maine. They didn’t drive to Maine.

T h e c o r r e c t an sw er is answ er (A ). I f th ey d id not d rive slowly to M ain e, th is m e a n s that th ey d r o v e ra th er quickly. N o tic e th a t th e c o r r e c t a n sw er u ses quickly, th e o p p o s ite o f slowly. T h e answ ers th a t u se slowly are n o t co rr ec t. T h e fo llo w in g c h a r t o u tlin e s th e types o f n e g a tiv e e x p r e ssio n s th a t y o u sh o u ld be c a r e fu l of: TYPES OF NEGATIVE EXPRESSIONS Expression

Example

Correct Answer

Regular negative: not or n't

Tom is not sad about the results.

not sod = happy

Other negatives: nobody, none,

Nobody arrived on time. Sal never works hard.

nobody . . . on time = late never works hard = lazy

The patient was insane. ■ ' '

insane = not sane = crazy

nothing, never

■ Negative prefixes: un-, in-, dis­ ' . .. -

-

:

.

y

E X E R C IS E 7: In th is e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e n e g a tiv e in th e se c o n d lin e o f e a c h sh o rt c o n v e r sa tio n . T h e n read th e q u e stio n an d c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th a t q u estio n . R e m e m b e r th a t th e b e st answ er is o n e th at u se s an o p p o s ite m e a n in g . (m an) (wom an) (narrator)

I can’t seem to get the door unlocked. That isn't the right key fo r the door. What does the woman mean ?

(A) (B)

The key in the drawer is on the right. The man should write the message on the door. (C) The man has the wrong key. (D) The right key isn’t in the drawer.

LISTENING PARTA

2.

(m an) (wom an) (narrator)

(wom an) (m an) (narrator)

Were you pleased with last week's convention ? Nothing went as planned. What does the woman mean ?

(A) (B)

Are you planning to go to college next year? I ’m really unsure about the idea. What does the m an mean ?

(A)

T he convention was disorganized. She d id n ’t plan to attend the convention. (C) She planned the convention last week. (D) She wasn’t pleased with the last w eek o f the convention. H e definitely wants to g o to college. (B) H e is certain about his plans. (C) H e ’s hesitant about attending college. (D) His idea is to go to college.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 7: In th is e x e r c is e , lis te n carefu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n a n d q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p r o g r a m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th e q u e s tio n . You sh o u ld b e p a rticu la rly c a refu l o f n e g a tiv e e x p r e s sio n s.

o

N ow

BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE

(A) (B) (C)

She is very busy. She has lots o f free time. It is not necessary to take o u t the trash. (D) She will do it if she has time. 2.

(A) (B)

The service satisfied her. T he fo o d was worse than the service. (C) She thought the service was bad. (D) N either the food nor the service was satisfying.

(A) (B) (C)

T h e interview is very im portant. H e is w orried about the interview. What h e ’s wearing to the interview is important. (D) H e is not concerned about the interview.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

(A) H e has alm ost all the notes. (B) H is attendance was perfect. (C) H e went to all the lectures but one. (D) H e missed m ore than one psychology class. 4.

(A)

6 :00 .

9.

T h e library opens at 6:00 in the summer. (C) T h e library closes at 6:00. (D) You can’t check out m ore than six books in the summer.

T he project will take all their effort. They have n o other work to do. It’s im possible to finish. They aren’t even close to finishing the project.

(A) (B)

She d o esn ’t m ind an hou r m ore. S h e’d rather stay m ore than an hour. It’s better to stay than go. She prefers to leave.

(C) (D) 10.

(A) (B) (C)

Water the plants on ce a day. Give the plants no m ore water. Water the plants o ften while the m an is gone. (D) Give the plants a lim ited am ount o f water.

H e told his kids to leave. H e seriously wanted the woman to g°He was joking when he told the wom an to leave. He left with the woman.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

T hey passed the library at

(B)

5.

7.

(A)

T he service at the hotel wasn’t too good. (B) This hotel gav< ex cellen t service. (C) T he service at the h o tel could have b een improved. (D) This h o tel’s service was the sam e as the service at other hotels.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

LISTEN FOR DOUBLE NEG A TIVE EXPRESSIONS

S k i l l 8:

It is p o s sib le fo r tw o n e g a tiv e id e a s to a p p ea r in o n e s e n te n c e , a n d th e r esu lt can b e q u ite c o n fu s in g . E x am p le On the recording, you hear: (man) (woman) (narrator)

I c a n ’t believe the news that I heard about the concert. Well, it isn't impossible for the concert to take place. What does the wom an say about the concert?

In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

There’s no possibility that the concert will take place. The concert will definitely not take place. The concert might take place. The concert can't take place.

T h e c o r r e c t an sw er to th is q u e s tio n is answ er (C ). I f it i s n ’t impossible fo r th e c o n c e r t to take p la c e , th e n it is possible, a n d th e m o d a l m ight in d ic a te s possibility. T h e fo llo w in g ch art o u tlin e s th e situ a tio n s w h e r e d o u b le n eg a tiv es c a n occu r: DOUBLE NEGATIVES Meaning

Example

Situation negative word (e.g., not, no, none) and a negative prefix (e.g., in-, un-, dis-)

He didn’t like the unclean office.

did not like unclean office = liked clean office

two negative verbs

It isn't snowing, so they aren't going to the mountains.

implies that they would go if it were snowing

neither or not... either

Sue didn’t like the movie, and neither did Mark.

both did not like the movie

E X E R C IS E 8: In this e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e tw o n e g a tiv es in th e se c o n d lin e o f ea ch sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n . T h e n read th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b est answ er to that q u estio n . R e m e m b e r th a t tw o n e g a tiv e s m ak e th e s e n t e n c e p o sitiv e. (m an) (wom an) (narrator)

Paula, you worked so hard setting up the field trip. I hope no one’s unhappy with the arrangements. What does Paula mean ?

(A)

She hopes everyone will be pleased. (B) She knows no on e is happy with what she has done. (C) Sh e’s arranged to take a trip because she’s unhappy. (D) Everyone’s happy with the condition o f the field.

LISTENING PARTA

2.

(wom an) (m an) (narrator)

How was your history exam? I d id n ’t study enough, so I didn ’t do well. What does the man mean?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

3.

(m an) (wom an) (narrator)

Were your friends able to gel tickets fo r the concert ? Mark couldn't gel tickets fo r the concert, and neither could Paul. What does the woman mean?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

H e studied a lot and passed. H e failed in spite o f his effort. H e got a g o o d grade even though he d id n ’t study. His grade was poor because o f inadequate preparation. A lthough Mark c o u ld n ’t get both tickets, Paul did. Both were unable to obtain tickets. N either Mark nor Paul wanted to go to the concert. Mark tried to g et tickets, but Paul didn’t.

T O E F L E X E R C IS E 8: In th is e x e r c ise , lis te n ca refu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r sa tio n a n d q u e stio n in th e r e c o r d in g p ro g ra m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u e s tio n . You s h o u ld b e p articu larly c a refu l o f d o u b le n e g a tiv es.

n 1.

2.

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 8.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

H e ’ll definitely be elected. T he election is now com plete. She has high hop es for his chances. It may happen.

(A) (B) (C)

Both parts o f his game were bad. H e served better than he volleyed. Som e parts o f his gam e were better than others. He played rather well.

(D) 3.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

4.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

5.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

6.

(B) (C) (D)

7.

It is a surprise that he was prepared. H e was not ready, as usual. H e prepared a really big surprise. His strong preparation cam e as no surprise. She felt good enough to go out. She w ent out to get som e m edicine. She felt like dancing, so she went out with everyone. She stayed hom e because she was sick. She has problem s that others aren’t aware of. O thers aren’t aware o f her problem s. She knows sh e’s b een a problem . She d o e sn ’t have a care in the world.

(A)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

8.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Steve wanted to finish his paper, and so did Paul. Both Steve’s and Paul’s papers were incom plete. Steve and Paul were busy doin g their term papers. W hen Steve wasn’t able to finish his paper, Paul c o u ld n ’t help. It wasn’t G eorge’s responsibility to pay the bill. Bill was irresponsible about paying G eorge’s rent. G eorge acted carelessly by not taking care o f the bill. George took responsibility for the unpaid bill. It’s fortunate that he was accepted. It’s good that he wasn’t adm itted. Fortunately, the university d id n ’t admit him. It’s too bad he was rejected.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

T h e first essay was better than the second. (B) T h e first and second drafts co u ld n ’t b e better. (C) T h e second draft o f the essay was m uch better than the first. (D) B oth versions were poorly written.

9.

(A)

S k il

l

9:

10.

Roger has been bothered. Roger wasn’t the least bit disturbed. T he problem s have had little i (C) on Roger. (D) Roger hasn’t b een disturbed.

(A) (B)

E XPRESSIONS LISTE N FOR “A L M O S T N E G A TIV E ” 1

C e rta in e x p r e s sio n s in E n g lish have “a lm o st n e g a tiv e ” m e a n in g s. T h e s e e x p r e s sio n s are c o m m o n o n th e T O E F L te st a n d n e e d to b e r ev iew ed .

Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (woman) (man) (narrator)

Were you able to pay the electric bill? I had barely enough money. What does the m an imply?

In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

He had plenty of money for the bill. He did not have enough money for the bill. He paid the bill but has no money left. He was unable to pay the bill.

In th e m a n ’s sta te m e n t, th e w ord enough in d ic a te s th a t th e r e was enough, so h e d id pay the bill. H ow ever, it was barely e n o u g h , so h e a lm o st d id n o t have e n o u g h a n d certa in ly has no money left. T h e c o r r e c t answ er is th e r e fo r e a n sw er (C ) . T h e fo llo w in g c h a r t o u tlin e s c o m m o n “a lm o st n e g a tiv e ” ex p r essio n s: COMMON "ALMOST NEGATIVE” EXPRESSIONS Meaning

Expression

Example

almost none

hardly, barely, scarcely, only

There is hardly any food in the refrigerator.

almost never

rarely, seldom

He rarely drives to work. ■

E X E R C ISE 9: In th is e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e “a lm o st n e g a tiv e ” e x p r e ssio n in th e se c o n d lin e o f e a c h sh o r t c o n v e rsa tio n . T h e n read th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b e st answer. R em e m b e r th a t th e b e s t answ er is o n e th a t m e a n s th a t it is true b u t it is almost not tru e. (m an) (wom an) (narrator)

I hear that M ona’s been offered the manager’s job. B ut she has hardly any ivork experience! What does the woman say about M ona?

(A) M ona hasn’t worked hard. (B) M ona’s experience has been hard. (C) M ona’s job as manager is hard. (D) M ona hasn’t worked for very long.

LISTENING PARTA

2.

(w o m a n )

(m a n ) (n a rra to r)

3.

(woman) (man) (narrator)

How much time did Sam spend on his paper fo r economics class? Sam has seldom taken so much time on a research paper. What does the m an mean ?

(A)

Sam usually spends this m uch tim e on his schoolwork. (B) Sam has rarely worked so hard. (C) Sam took too m uch tim e on this paper. (D) Sam sh ould’ve worked harder o n this paper.

Does Steve usually park his car there? Only once has he parked his car in that lot. What does the m an mean ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

H e parks his car there o n ce in a while. H e’s parked his car there a lot. H e only leaves his car there for short periods o f time. H e left his car there on ju st one

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 9: In th is e x e r c is e , lis te n ca refu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n a n d q u e stio n in th e r e c o r d in g p r o g r a m , a n d t h e n c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th e q u e s tio n . Y ou sh o u ld b e p articu larly c a refu l o f “a lm o st n eg a tiv e" e x p r e ssio n s. N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 9.

1.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

2.

(A)

3.

4.

T h ere’s litde rain in July. In July it never rains. It rains hard in July. W hen it rains in July, it rains hard.

T h e university accepted three students. (B) N o n e o f the students is g oin g to the university. (C) John was n o t accepted. (D ) Two were n o t adm itted. A lthough he did pass, Mark’s exam grade wasn’t too good . (B) Mark failed his history exam. (C) T he highest grade on the history exam w ent to Mark. (D) Professor Franks d id n't pass Mark on the history exam.

5.

(A)

6.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

(A)

H e often has lon g waits in Dr. Roberts’ office. (B ) He must wait p auendy for Robert. (C) Dr. Roberts is generally punctual. (D) He d o e sn ’t m ind waiting for Dr. Roberts.

Betty o ften tr.kes vacations in winter. ;' Then, she did read it. Then, he has gone there.

Meaning 1 thought he was not here. 1thought you could not go. 1thought you did not play tennis. 1 thought she had not read it. 1thought he had not gone there.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

E X E R C ISE 13: In th is e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e e x p r e s s io n o f e m p h a tic su rp rise in e a c h sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n . T h e n read th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th a t q u e stio n . R e m e m b e r th a t th e b e st answ er is o n e th a t sh ow s su rp rise. (man) (wom an) (narrator)

2.

(wom an) (man) (narrator)

(man) (wom an) (narrator)

I ju st got 600 on the TOEFL test! Then you did pass. What had the woman assumed?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Would you like to go skiing this weekend ? So you can ski! What had the man assumed?

(A) (B)

I ju st got this letter from my sister. So the mail has come already. What had the woman assumed?

(A)

The man had n ot passed. T he man would pass easily. The man had already passed. The man got the score he was expected to get.

The woman was a good skier. T he woman was going skiing this weekend. (C) The woman did n ot know how to ski. (D) T he woman did n ot intend to go skiing. The m an’s sister never wrote to him. (B) T he mail had not yet arrived. (C) The mail always cam e early. (D) The mail had already arrived.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 13: In th is e x e r c ise , listen carefu lly to th e sh o rt c o n v e rsa tio n a n d q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p rogram , an d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u e s tio n . You sh o u ld b e p articu larly carefu l o f e x p r e s sio n s o f e m p h a tic su rp rise. o

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE I 3.

Greg always com es to parties. Greg would com e to the party later. Greg was unable to attend the party. (D) Greg would stay at the party for only a m om ent.

(A) (B) (C)

T he woman always rode her motorcycle to school. (B) The woman was not com ing to school today. (C) T he woman was an expert m otorcycle rider. T he w oman did not know how to (D) ride a motorcycle.

(A)

5.

(A) (B) (C)

6.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

(A)

T he man was n ot a very good cook. T he man never invited friends over for dinner. (C) T he man would never invite him over for dinner. (D) T he man was an excellen t cook.

(A) (B)

The woman had run more than three miles. T he woman always got lots o f (B) exercise. (C) The woman ran for three hours in the morning. (D) The woman had not gotten much exercise.

4.

H e had been som ewhere else. He had been in the library. H e had been working on his research project. H e would start working on his (D) project in five hours. He had changed apartments. He did not like his new apartment. H e was still in his old apartment. H e had moved from a house to an apartm ent

LISTENING PARTA

T he wom an did not like desserts. T he woman ate sweets regularly. T he w om an would n o t share her chocolate cake. The woman had eaten his p iece o f (D) cake.

(A) (B) (C)

9.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

10.

T he man was goin g to study hard. T h e man already had a driver’s license. (C) T he man would n o t take the test. (D) The man had already taken the test (A) (B)

She had registered in physics. She would go to physics class later. She had already taken a physics class. She had not enrolled in physics.

(A) (B) (C)

T he pipes were n o t clear. T he plum ber w ould be late. T he plum ber had already cleared the pipes. (D) T he pipes did n o t n eed to be cleared.

T O E F L EXERCISE (Sk ills 1 1 -1 3 ): In th is ex er cise , listen carefully to th e sh o rt co n v e rsa tio n a n d q u estio n in th e r ec o r d in g p ro g ra m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b est answ er to th e q u estio n .

n

3.

4.

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE (SKILLS I 1-13).

(A) She plans to talk a lot this m onth. (B) She has a lo t to say about the p h o n e bill. (C) T he bill is high because she has a lot to say. (D) She agrees with the m an.

6.

(A) He would be glad to say it over again. (B) H e would like the woman to repeat what she said. (C) H e says that h e w ould like to take the class again. (D) H e ’s happy the class is over, too.

(A) Bill had never really b een sick. (B) Bill was too sick to com e to class. (C) Bill was sick o f calculus class. (D) Bill had forgotten about the calculus class that m orning.

7.

(A) H e finifned all the problem s. (B) H e d o esn ’t believe what the wom an said. (C) H e was able to finish so m e o f the problem s. Both he and the w om an were unsuccessful o n the math problem s.

8.

(A) T he man had m ailed the package. (B) T he man had forgotten to go to the post office. (C) T he m an had given the package to the wom an to mail. T he m an rem em bered the package ' after he went to the p ost office.

9.

(A) They should take both cars. (B) T he wom an sh ould try n o t to be afraid. (C) The woman should buy a bigger car. (D) They should go together in his car.

10.

(A) H e wants to know if the m uffins taste good. (B) H e thinks the m uffins were recently prepared. (C) T he m uffins are not really fresh. (D) H e’s sure that the m uffins were ju st m ade.

(A) (B)

T he man sh ould go o u t tonight. T he man sh ould stay h om e and relax. (C) T h e man should work on the paper tonight. (D) T h e man should go ou t M onday instead. (A)

T he cafeteria was o p en in the m o r n in g .

(B) (C) (D) 5.

(A)

T h e cafeteria did not serve breakfast. T h e breakfast in the cafeteria was n o t very tasty. T he woman never ate breakfast in the cafeteria.

H e believes that it is acceptable to park there. (B) T h e parking lot is too far from their destination. (C) H e knows that they w on ’t g et a ticket. (D) H e knows w here the parking lo t is.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

T O E F L REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-13): In this exercise, listen carefully to the short conversation a n d q u estion in the record in g program , a n d th e n c h o o se the b est answer to the question. N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL R e v ie w E x e r

1.

(A) Write a message to the man. (B) Make som e p h one calls. (C) R espond to the m an’s questions. (D) Get a new phone installed.

2.

(A) (B) (C) (D) (A) (B) (C)

4.

(A) (B) (C) (D) (A) (B) (C) (D)

6.

She fixed the television. Bob m ade the television work. T he woman looked at Bob on television. Bob works for the woman. H e helped her say what she co u ld n ’t say. She was unable to say anything about him. He hasn't helped her very much. What he said was very helpful.

T he m an should spend m ore time on registration. (B) The man should walk m ore quickly through registration. The m an should send in his (C) registration materials. (D) T he man should try to avoid registering next semester.

(A)

(S k il l s I -

7.

H e couldn't find Paula’s ph one number, so he d id n ’t call her. (B) H e couldn’t give Paula the list over the phone. (C) W hen he went to call Paula, he cou ld n ’t find the list. (D) H e co u ld n ’t recollect the num ber that was on the list.

8.

(A) She co u ld n ’t take her luggage to the store. (B) She stored her luggage at the train station. (C) She carried her luggage from the train station to the store. (D) T here were no lockers for her bags.

9.

(A)

H e barely rode the bicycle. H e d id n ’t have enough money. The bicycle did n’t need to be paid for. (D) H e paid for the bicycle.

3.

5.

S he’s not sure if sh e’s free. S h e’s marked it on her calendar. She’ll write a check for the calendar. H er calendar says she has to have a m eeting at 3:00.

c is e

(A)

T he woman had taken a different major. (B) T he woman had chosen psychology as a major. (C) T he woman was uninform ed. (D) The woman n eeded to see a psychiatrist

10. (A)

She would like the man to repeat what he said. (B) She thinks the exam could have been a litde m ore difficult. (C) She shares the same opinion o f the exam as the man. (D) She believes that the exam was easy.

C O N TR A R Y M E A N IN G S _____ S k i l l 14:

LISTEN FOR W ISHES

C o n v er sa tio n s a b o u t w ish es can a p p ea r in L iste n in g P art A. T h e im p o r ta n t id e a to rem e m b e r a b o u t w ish es is th at a w ish im p lie s h a t the opposite o f the w ish is true.

LISTENING PARTA

E x am p le On the recording, you hear: (woman) (man) (narrator)

It's too bad that y o u have to stay here and work during the school break. I really w ish I could go w ith you and the others to Palm Springs. What does the m an mean?

In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

Maybe he will go with the others on the trip. He is unable to go on the trip. He's happy to be going on the trip. He’s going on the trip, but not with the others.

In th is c o n v e r sa tio n th e m a n wishes th a t h e could go w ith th e o th e r s o n th e trip , so th e im p lie d m e a n in g is th a t h e is un a b le to go. T h e c o r r e c t an sw er is th e r e fo r e an sw er (B ). T h e fo llo w in g c h a r t o u tlin e s th e key p o in ts th at y o u sh o u ld k n o w a b o u t w ishes: KEY INFORMATION ABOUT WISHES Point • An affirmative wish implies a negative reality. ‘ A negative wish implies an affirmative reality.

Example

Meaning .••M.K.-.-.&ir.:,’ • = no time to help

1 wish 1 had time to help. .

• A past tense verb implies a present reality. A . • A past perfect tense verb implies a past reality.

: ’ ‘ • ■' v v 1wish 1 did not have time to help. • ' ■ ■• 1 wish he were at hom e*

;

. ... . .•■■ .

■. : 1 wish he had been at home. ; \ . - ... .ft:

' =^ time ' to

ii". help

■ = is not at home ..•’v. -v.. . = was not at home ^.. .'■ : -J . '

•Remember that were is used instead of w as in wishes: “I wish I were going." E X E R C ISE 14: In th is e x e r c is e , u n d e r lin e th e w ish in ea ch sh o r t c o n v e r sa tio n . T h e n read th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b est an sw er to th a t q u e s tio n . R e m e m b e r th a t th e b e st a n sw er is o n e th at im p lie s th e o p p o s ite o f w h a t is sa id . (man) (woman) (narrator)

(woman) (m an) (narrator)

Do you think we’U be able to have the picnic today ? / wish the sky weren 't so cloudy. What does the woman mean ?

T he sky is n o t very cloudy. T he sky yesterday was clou dier than it is today. (C) T he sky is too cloudy. (D) T h e sky is rather clear.

Did you enjoy the Thanksgiving dinner? I wish I h a d n ’t eaten so much. What does the man mean ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

(A) (B)

He He He He

d id n ’t eat very m uch. plans on eating a lot. thinks he is eating a lot. ate too much.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

3.

(man) (wom an) (narrator)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Are you coming to the party tonight? I wish I could. What does the woman mean?

She is com ing to the party. She m ight com e to the party. She will try to com e to the party. She is n o t com in g to the party.

T O E F L E X ER C ISE 14: In th is e x e r c ise , listen carefu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n an d q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p rogram , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st a n sw er to th e q u e s tio n . You s h o u ld r e m e m b e r th a t a w ish im p lie s a n o p p o s ite m e a n in g . N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM A T TOEFL EXERCISE 14.

1.

(A) (B)

2.

(A)

3.

4.

The line is short. T here are not very many p eople in front o f them. (C) The line in front o f them is too long. (D) N ot many p eople want to get tickets to the concert. T he woman told him about the ticket. (B) He wanted the woman to get a ticket. (C) H e was happy to find ou t about the ticket. (D) T he woman did not tell him about the ticket. She is not working too many hours next week. (B) She d oesn ’t have enough hours n ext week. (C) She is working too many hours n ext week. (D) She likes working so m uch.

6.

(A)

7.

(A)

8.

(A)

9.

(A) (B)

10.

(A)

(A)

(A)

T he departm ent did n ot change the requirements. (B) She likes the new requirem ents. (C) She changed her apartm ent just b e f o r e g ra d u a tio n .

(D )

S h e d o e s n o t lik e th e c h a n g e s th a t th e d e p a r t m e n t m a d e .

5.

H e is going to the theater. He d o esn ’t have enough money. He isn’t afraid to go. (D) H e d o esn ’t want to spend the money.

(A) (B) (C)

Harry did not prepare e n ou g h for the exam. (B) Harry studied hard for the exam. (C) He has n ot heard anything about Harry. (D) He had a bet with Harry. The algebra course that she is taking is n ot her favorite. (B) She d oesn ’t n eed to take the algebra course. (C) She has a good schedule o f courses this semester. (D) She’s good at math, but sh e ’s taking the algebra course anyway. H e was able to find a cheap apartment. (B) His apartment is too expensive. (C) H e d oesn ’t like th e apartm ent’s location. The apartm ent is cheap because o f (D) its location. He arrived early at the auditorium. He got o n e o f the best seats in the auditorium. H e was n ot early en ou gh to get a (C) seat at the front. (D) H e prefers sitting at the back. H e’d like to work on his social skills at the game. (B) He wishes he could work on his term paper for sociology. (C) H e can’t attend the gam e because o f his schoolwork. Sociology is less im portant to him (D) than football this weekend.

LISTENING PARTA

S k ill

15:

LIS TE N FOR U N T R U E C O N D IT IO N S

C o n v er sa tio n s c o n ta in in g c o n d itio n s c a n a p p e a r in L iste n in g P art A. T h e im p o r ta n t id e a to r e m e m b e r a b o u t c o n d it io n s is th a t a c o n d itio n im p lie s th a t th e opposite o f the condition is true.

E x am p le On the recording, you hear: (man) (woman) (narrator)

Do yo u think that you '11be able to go to the party? I f I had time, I w ould go. What does the w om an say about the party?

In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

Maybe she'll go. She has time, so she'll go. She is goiag even if she doesn’t have time. It's impossible to go.

_________________________________________________ l In th is q u e s tio n , th e c o n d itio n i f I h a d tim e im p lie s th a t th e o p p o s ite is true: T h e w o m a n d o e s n o t h a v e tim e fo r th e party, so s h e ca n n o t go. T h e r e fo r e , th e b e st an sw er to this q u e s tio n is an sw er (D ). T h e fo llo w in g b o x o u tlin e s th e key p o in ts th a t y o u sh o u ld k n ow a b o u t u n tr u e c o n d itio n s: KEY INFORMATION ABOUT UNTRUE CONDITIONS . *.

Point

■

r

•An affirmative condition implies a negative reality. • A negative condition implies an affirmative reality.

Example If she were at home, she could do it.* If she weren't «h om e, she could do it.

" ■ ■.... ■■ ■;..... * - : " , ' • . If 1 had money, 1would buy it. • A past tense implies a present reality. . If 1 had had money, 1 would • A past perfect verb implies a past reality. ' have bought it ; ■ ‘• . ■■ ■ ■ ~ ■: : :■ ... ■■ jv ■■ ■ •Had can be used without if Had 1hod money, 1 would :■ ■'■Z v > r ' have bought it.**

Meaning

•

= not at home , = at home

= do not have money ■■ ■ ■ = did noc have money . .. . = did not have money

•Remember that were is used instead of was in untrue conditions: "If I were there, I would help.” ’" T h is has the same meaning as “If I had had m o n e y .. .." Note that the subject and "had" are inverted.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

E X E R C IS E 15: In th is e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e c o n d itio n in e a c h sh o r t c o n v e rsa tio n . T h e n , r e a d th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th a t q u e s tio n . R e m e m b e r th a t th e b e st an sw er is o n e th a t im p lie s th e o p p o s ite o f w h a t is said. 1.

2.

Are you going to have something to eat ? (wom an) I f the food looked fresh, I would eat some. (narrator) What does the woman mean ? (m an)

(wom an) (m an) (narrator)

3.

The flight must have taken longer than usual. H ad the flight left on time, we would not have arrived so late. What does the man say about the flight ?

Are you sure you want to go o u t? You do not seem to be feeling very well. (wom an) I f there were some aspirin in the medicine cabinet, I would not need to go to the drugstore. (narrator) What does the woman mean? (m an)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

She is not going to cat. T he food looks fresh. She d o esn ’t like fresh food. She already ate som ething.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

It arrived early. It was unusually short. It left on time. It departed late.

(A) She really is feelin g fine. (B) There is plenty o f aspirin in the m edicine cabinet. (C) It is necessary to g et som e aspirin. (D) She does not n eed to go out.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 15: In th is e x e r c ise , listen ca refu lly to th e sh o rt c o n v e rsa tio n an d q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p ro g ra m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u e s tio n . You s h o u ld b e particu larly ca refu l o f u n tr u e c o n d itio n s . N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 15.

T he woman did not need to call him. T he woman called to let him know about the m eeting. H e ’s n ot glad that the woman called. (C) (D) H e already knew about the m eeting w hen the woman called. (A) (B)

2.

3.

T he m an often drives too quickly. T he police do not stop the man too m uch. (C) T he m an drove rather slowly. (D) T he police should not stop the man so often.

(A) (B)

She’s so happy they d o n ’t have to work on Friday. (B) It would be nice if they could finish their work on Friday. (C) She wonders if the man would be nice enough to com e in to work in her place on Friday. (D) It’s too bad they must work on Friday.

(A)

She did not put en o u g h postage on the letter. (B) T he letter arrived last week. (C) T he letter did not n eed m ore postage. She did not put any postage on the (D) letter.

4.

(A)

5.

(A) H e has a dog. (B) H e d o esn ’t pay attention to dogs. (C) H e wishes he had a dog. (D) D ogs do not n eed m uch attention.

6.

(A)

They knew they had to prepare for the exam. (B) They did n’t prepare for the exam. (C) As soon as they knew about the exam, they began to prepare for it. (D) They knew that the preparation for the exam would take a lot o f time.

LISTENING PARTA

7.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

It costs to o m uch for him to go. H e agrees to go with them. H e is unworried about the cost o f the restaurant. T h e restaurant is rather inexpensive.

9.

(A) (B) (C)

10.

(A)

W hen J o e saw the car com ing, he tried to g et out o f the way. (B) Jo e was able to g et out o f the way because he saw the car com ing. (C) Jo e ju m p ed out o f the way o f the o n co m in g car. (D) Because J o e did n’t see the car com ing, he co u ld n ’t get o u t o f the way.

T h e woman d id n ’t com e. T h e woman wanted to be there. T h e woman was g o in g to leave immediately. (D) T h e woman was n o t really there.

(A)

(B)

(C) (D)

Kathy d id n ’t work as hard as possible because she d id n ’t know what the reward was. Kathy c o u ld n ’t have put m ore effort into the project to win the prize. Kathy won first prize because o f her hard work on the art project. Kathy worked so hard that she knew first prize was hers.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE (Skills 1 4 -1 5 ): In this ex er cise , listen carefully to th e sh o r t co n v ersa tio n a n d q u estio n in th e r ec o r d in g program , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b est answ er to th e q u estio n . n

N ow 1.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE (SKILLS 14-15).

She enjoys violent movies. She would have preferred a more violent movie. She thinks the film was too violent. She enjoyed the movie.

2.

(A) H e left the windows open. (B) T he rain did not get in. (C) H e forgot to close the windows. (D) T he rain g o t into the house.

3.

(A)

(D)

Her family is unable to com e to graduation. It is possible that her family will com e. H er parents are com ing to the cerem onies. She is n o t graduating this year.

4.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

He He He He

5.

(A) (B)

H e enjoys chem istry lab. H e d o e sn ’t have chem istry lab this afternoon. H e isn’t taking chem istry class. H e has to go to the lab.

(B) (C)

(C) (D)

is g o in g to miss the conference. will take his vacation n ext week. will attend the conference. w on ’t miss his vacation.

6.

T hey filled up the gas tank at the last service station. (B) A lthough they filled up the tank, they still ran out o f gas. (C) Even thou gh they d id n ’t stop at the service station, they d id n ’t run out o f gas. (D) They ran o u t o f gas because they d id n ’t stop at the gas station.

(A)

(A) (B) (C) (D) 8.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

H is schedule is not really heavy. H e needs to add a few more courses. H e enrolled in m ore courses than he really wants. H e will register for a lot o f courses next semester. She never took the bus to work. She regularly takes the bus. She d o esn ’t know how to g et to work. She gets lost on the bus.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

9.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

She bought som e eggs at the store. She doesn't have any eggs to lend him. H e can borrow som e eggs. She did n’t go to the store.

10.

(A) (B)

Teresa is feeling a lot better. The doctor did n’t prescribe the m edicine. (C) Teresa d id n ’t follow the doctor’s orders. (D) Teresa did exacdy what the doctor said.

T O E F L REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-15): In this exercise, listen carefully to the sh ort conversation a n d q u estion in the record in g program , a n d th en c h o o se th e b est answer to th e q uestion.

o

N ow

BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (SKILLS

1.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

2.

(A) In a bus station. (B) In a store. (C) In a restaurant. (D) In a theater.

3.

4.

5.

Drinking the hot tea. Making more tea in a few minutes. Letting the tea cool o ff a bit. Having the tea immediately.

H e’s unhappy to end the semester. H e’s glad to be finishing .chool. H e co u ld n ’t be happier to begin the semester. (D) The end o f the sem ester is making him feel sad.

6.

H e did not enjoy his vacation as much as possible. (B) H e got lost on his vacation. (C) The vacation was really enjoyable. (D) H e did not really lose his passport.

8.

(A)

9.

(A) The laboratory assistant com pleted one experim ent. (B) The laboratory assistant cou ld n ’t finish one experim ent. (C) The laboratory assistant did n’t want to do m ore experim ents. (D) N on e o f the experim ents could be com pleted.

(A) (B) (C)

(A) (B)

The team hasn’t won often. H e usually d o esn ’t pay attention to the football team. (C) It’s out o f the ordinary for the team to lose. (D) H e usually hears about the football gam es.

H e went to the office every m orning. .(B) H e was not working. (C) He had to arrive at work earlier than 8 o ’clock. (D) H e had a job. (A)

7.

(A) (B) (C)

The storm destroyed the houss. The house blocked the trees. The stormy weather caused the trees to fall. (D) During the storm, som eone knocked on the door o f the house.

I—IS).

(A)

It will take eight hours to get to Riverdale on the bus. (B) He believes he knows the correct bus. (C) H e d o e sn ’t know where Riverdale is. (D) H e assures the woman that he knows the way to Riverdale.

10. (A)

She would like the man to repeat what h e said. (B) The sem ester is really over! (C) The sem ester will never end. (D) She has the same wish as the man.

LISTENING PARTA

ID IO M A T IC LA N G U A G E _____________________________________ S k il

l

16:

LISTEN F O R T W O -A N D THREE-PART VERBS

Two- a n d th ree-p art verb s a p p ea r in so m e q u e s tio n s in L iste n in g Part A. T h e s e verb s are e x p r essio n s th a t in c lu d e a verb aijd o n e o r m o r e p a r ticles (su ch as in, on, o r a t) ; th e partic le c h a n g e s th e m e a n in g o f th e verb. Q u e s tio n s in v o lv in g two- a n d th r e e-p a r t v e rb s ca n b e d iffic u lt for stu d e n ts b e c a u se th e a d d itio n o f th e p a r ticle c h a n g e s th e m e a n in g o f th e verb in an id io m a tic way.

E xam ple On the recording, you hear: (man) (woman) (narrator)

What tim e does the meeting sta rt? - Didn't you hear that it was called o ff by the director? What does the w om an say about the meeting?

In your test book, you read: (A) The director called a meeting. (B) The director phoned her about the meeting. (C) The director called the meeting to order. (D) The director canceled the meeting.

In this q u e s tio n , th e tw o-part verb called o f f h a s a d iffe r e n t m e a n in g th a n th e v erb call, w h ich m ea n s phone. T h e tw o-part v e rb call o f f m e a n s cancel, so th e b e st an sw er is answ er (D ).

NOTE: A list of common two- and three-part verbs and exercises using these verbs appear in Appendix B. You may want to study these two- and three-part verbs before you try the following exercises.

EX ER C ISE 16: In th is e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e two- o r th r e e-p a r t verb in e a c h s h o r t c o n v e rsa tio n . T h e n read th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th a t q u e s tio n . R e m e m b e r th a t the b e st answ er is o n e th a t is r e la te d to th e m e a n in g o f th e two- o r th ree-p a rt verb an d m ig h t n o t se e m to b e r e la te d to th e m e a n in g o f th e v erb w ith o u t t h e p a r ticle. 1.

(man) (woman) (narrator)

2.

(woman) (man) (narrator)

Did you have your history exam today f No, the professor p u t it offfor another week. What does the woman say about the exam ? Do we have any more soap ? We’ve run out o f it. Someone will have to go to the store. What does the man mean ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

She would like to pu t it o u t o f her mind. The professor canceled it. It was m oved to anoth er location. It was delayed.

H e will run to the store. H e n eed s soap to wash him self after running. T here is no m ore soap. T hey have a store o f soap at hom e.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

3.

(man) (woman) (narrator)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

1 need to take the written test to renew my driver's license. Then, you '11 have to brush up on the laws. What does the man need to do ?

Reapply for his driver’s license. Sweep around the lawn. Learn the laws for the first time. Review the inform ation that will be on the test.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 16: In th is e x e r c ise , lis te n carefu lly to th e sh o rt c o n v e rs a tio n a n d q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p rogram , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u e stio n . You sh o u ld b e p articu larly carefu l o f two- a n d th ree-p art verbs. N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE I 6.

o 1.

(A) (B)

P hone their neighbors. Call to their neighbors over the fence. (C) H elp the neighbors m ove in. (D) Visit their neighbors.

2.

(A)

The course is becom ing more interesting. (B) T he course used to be more interesting. (C) T he course is about the same as it was. (D) H e ’s not as bored in the class as the wom an.

6.

(A) (B)

She gets along with lots o f people. She gets back at people who cross her. (C) She gets rid o f people she doesn’t want to spend time with. (D) She tries to get ahead o f everyone else.

7.

(A) (B)

He must try to find the children. It is necessary for him to clean up after the children. (C) The children n eed to be watched. (D) H e’s going to see what the children have done.

3.

(A) (B)

H er headache is getting worse. She felt better this m orning than now. (C) She seem s to be feelin g better now. (D) She is just getting another headache now.

8.

(A) They are going on strike. (B) They are lying down on the job. (C) They are being released from their jobs. (D) They are relaxing too m uch at the factory.

4.

(A)

9.

(A)

10.

(A)

5.

The man should stop breaking his cigarettes in half. (B) The man should decrease the( num ber o f cigarettes he smokes. (C) T he man should cut the ends o ff his cigarettes. (D) The man should stop smoking com pletely. (A)

T he client presented his case to the lawyer. (B) T he client was upset about the lawyer’s rejection. (C) The client was annoyed because the lawyer returned the suitcase. ( D ) T he client m ade the lawyer unhappy about the case.

H e is betting that the football team will win. (B) He really wants to succeed. (C) It is n ot so difficult to play on the football team. (D) He pulled a m uscle w hile playing football. She’s unsure why she tolerates the man. (B) She doesn't know where she put her keys. (C) She is actually the on e who put the keys in the car. (D ) She can't understand why the man did what he did.

LISTENING PARTA

S k il

l

17:

LISTE N FOR ID IO M S

Id io m s a p p e a r in s o m e q u e s tio n s in L iste n in g P art A. Id io m s a re sp e c ia l e x p r e s sio n s in a la n g u a g e th a t all sp ea k er s o f th e la n g u a g e kn ow ; th e se sp ec ia l e x p r e s s io n s d e sc r ib e o n e situ a tio n in life b u t a r e a p p lie d to m a n y d if f e r e n t a rea s o f life . I d io m q u e s tio n s c a n b e d iffic u lt fo r stu d e n ts b e c a u se th e y s e e m to b e d e sc r ib in g o n e situ a tio n w h e n th e y are rea lly d e sc r ib in g a d iffe r e n t situ a tio n . E x am p le On the recording, you hear: (man) (woman) (narrator)

Tom is a full-tim e student and is holding dow n a fulltim e job. He's really burning the candle at both ends. What does the w om an say about Tom?

In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

He's lighting a candle. He’s holding the candle at the top and the bottom. He’s doing too much. He’s working as a firefighter.

In th is q u e s tio n , th e id io m b u rn in g the candle a t both ends h a s n o t h in g to d o w ith c a n d le s a n d n o th in g to d o w ith b u r n in g o r fires, so an sw ers (A ), (B ), a n d (D ) a r e n o t c o r r e c t. In stead , th is id io m is a n e x p r e s sio n th a t is u s e d in a situ a tio n w h e n s o m e o n e is tr y in g to d o m o r e than h e o r sh e really c a n do; a fter all, a c a n d le u su ally o n ly b u r n s at o n e e n d , s o ac a n d le th a t b u r n s at tw o e n d s is d o in g more th a n it can. T h e r e fo r e , th e b e st a n sw er to th e q u e s tio n a b o v e is a n sw er ( C ) . NOTE: A list of common idioms and exercises using chese idioms appear in Appendix C. You may want to study these idioms before you try the following exercises. E X E R C ISE 17: In th is e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e id io m in e a c h sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n . T h e n r e a d th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b e s t a n sw er to th a t q u e s tio n . R e m e m b e r th a t th e b e st an sw er is o n e th a t m ig h t n o t s e e m to b e r e la te d to th e id io m in th e s e c o n d lin e . I have to take Advanced Biology from Professor Stanton next semester. (wom an) D o n ’t worry about it. It's a piece o f cake. (narrator) What does the woman mean ? (man)

(wom an) (m an) (narrator)

Thanks fo r changing the oil AND p u ttin g air in the tires. I t ’s all in a day's work. What does the m an mean ?

T he m an sh ould try a p iece o f cake. (B) T he m an sh ould worry about the course. (C) T he man sh o u ld n ’t take part in the course. T he course is easy. (D) (A)

It will take him a w hole day to do the job. (B) This is a regular part o f his job . (C) H e can do the work at the en d o f the day. (D) H e’s too busy today to d o the work. (A)

87

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

3.

(m an) (wom an) (narrator)

What was it like while the president was giving his speech ? You could hear a pin drop. What does the woman mean ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

T he president dropped his pen. T he audience was very quiet. T he speech contained several puns. T he president discussed dropping a bomb.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 17: In this e x e r c ise , liste n ca refu lly to th e s h o r t c o n v e rs a tio n and q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p rogram , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th e q u e stio n . You sh o u ld b e pa rticu la rly ca refu l o f id io m s.

n

N ow (A) (B) (C) (D) (A) (B) (C) (D) (A) (B) (C) (D)

BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 17.

T h e m an’s never late. It’s good that the man was fifteen m inutes late. It’s never good to be late for class. It’s good that the man went to class, on time or not.

6.

(A) (B) (C)

T he w om an’s work is all in her head. T h e woman has to do two experim ents rather than one. It’s a good idea to work together. T h e biology experim ent concerns two-headed animals.

7.

(A)

Abbie used a feather in his art project. H e was knocked down. (B) (C) H e was really surprised. (D) A bbie’s father knocked on the door.

8.

(A)

9.

(A) (B)

She has n o time to work now. She d oesn ’t want to work on the report either. It’s best to get it over with now. T here’s no time to present the report now.

(A)

S h e’s very lucky to get the last book. (B) S h e’s sorry she ca n ’t get the book today. (C) She always has good luck with books. (L>) She just wanted to look at the book. (A) (B) (C) (D)

T he man d oesn ’t like eating in restaurants. She d oesn ’t really like that restaurant. Each o f them has his own restaurant. Everyone has different tastes.

10.

Sh e’ll do it immediately. It is not possible to do it. T he man should have told her sooner. She would have d on e it if the man (D) had asked.

T hey are taking a boat trip together. (B) T he six chapters are all about the boat. (C) Everyone has to do the same thing. (D) T he man will read while h e’s on the boat.

She is taller than die others. She put her science project on top o f the others. (C) She has a really good head on her shoulders. • (D) S h e’s the best o f them all. T h e man needs to improve his penm anship. (B) T he man d o esn ’t really n eed to apply for the scholarship. (C) T he man needs to fill out the application with dots and crosses. T he man needs to pay attention to (D) every detail. (A)

LISTENING PARTA

T O E F L EX E R C ISE (Skills 1 6 -1 7 ): In this e x er cise , listen carefully to th e sh o r t co n v ersa tio n a n d q u estio n in th e r ec o r d in g p ro g ra m , a n d th e n c h o o se th e b est answ er to th e q u estio n . N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM A T T O E R EXERCISE (SKILLS 16-17).

n 1.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

2.

3.

4.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

H e resem bles his father. H e has a chippcd tooth. H e lives o n e block from his father. H e and his father were playing a gam e with blocks.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Sh e’s g o in g som ewhere else. She does n o t like football. She has a lot o f work to do. She is gettin g sick.

(A)

H e put his foot w here h e should n ot have. H e put the food that the teacher gave him into his m outh. H e said som ething embarrassing. H e told the teacher that his foot was hurt.

(B) (C) (D) 5.

She gets lots o f take-out dinners. She and her room m ate alternate cooking responsibilities. H er room m ate cooks m ore often than she does. H er room m ate does the cooking while she does other chores.

(A) (B)

(C)

(D)

S h e’d like the man to delay his trip. She prefers that the man leave a few m inutes earlier than he planned. She wants to know if the m an will stay in the m arket for only a few m inutes. Sh e’d like to talk to the m an for a few m inutes.

6.

T h e man m ight start a fire in the park. (B) T he man parked his car near the fire. (C) T h e m an’s thinking o f doin g som ething dangerous. (D) T he m an’s playing a gam e in the park.

7.

(A) (B)

T h e m achines do n o t act very well. T h e m achines d o n ’t really bother her. (C) She would like them to stop the noise. (D) She wishes the m achines would cut the wood.

8.

(A) (B)

9.

(A)

Fred has Fred has tree. (C) Fred has (D) Fred has (A) (B) (C) (D)

a d og that barks a lot. hidden the m oney in a backed into a tree. m ade a mistake.

She will give him any help he needs. H e has to give away what he d o e sn ’t need. H e should not give up. H e should give back what he borrowed.

10. (A)

She'd rather go swimm ing than do the homework. (B) T he chem istry hom ework is really difficult. (C) S h e’s d oin g the hom ework by the swimming pool. (D) T h e stream is drying up.

T O EFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-17): In this exercise, listen carefully to th e sh ort conversation a n d q u estion in th e r eco rd in g program , an d th en c h o o se the b est answer to the q u estio n o

N ow (A) (B)

BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM At TOEFI REVIEW EXERCISE (SKILLS 1-17).

T here’s no m ore w ood inside. The w ood in the fireplace should be pu t outside. (C) T here’s a fire outside. (D) H e n eed s to bring som e wood outside.

2.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

She worked late at a conference. H er m eeting was canceled. She called a co n ference at work. She was late to a con ference.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

3.

(A) In a hospital. (B) At a police station. (C) At the beach. (D) In a locker room .

4.

(A)

T here was too m uch room on the dance floor. (B) H e enjoyed the room w here they w ent dancing. (C) T he dance floor was too crowded. (D) The club n eeded more rooms for dancing.

5.

(A)

H e could not understand the fax m achine. (B) H e wrote the letter that was sent. (C) T h e fax m achine was easy for him to use. (D) H e was not very good with figures.

6.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

7.

(A)

The T he The T he

woman woman woman woman

hit her head on a nail. hit his new car. was exactly right. bought the new car.

H e would like the woman to help him find his paper. (B) H e wants the woman to pat the paper away. (C) H e needs the woman to review the paper. (D) H e would like the woman to write the paper for him.

8.

(A) Inform ation about the problem is unavailable. (B) N o o n e has been inform ed. (C) Everybody knows what is going on. (D) Nobody is aware that the problem is serious.

9.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

H e did not sleep well. H e never woke up this morning. The alarm failed to go off. He n eed ed a loud alarm to wake up-

10.

(A) T he pilot made an em ergency landing. (B) T he pilot was forced to leave the plane in a hurry. (C) The pilot fielded questions about the forced landing. (D) The plane was dam aged when it landed forcefully.

LISTENING PART B

-------------T H E L IS T E N IN G PART B Q U E S T IO N S ------------Part B o f th e L iste n in g C o m p r e h e n s io n se c tio n o f th e T O E F L test c o n sists o f two lo n g c o n versa tio n s, e a c h fo llo w e d by a n u m b e r o f q u estio n s. You will h e a r th e c o n v e r sa tio n s an d th e q u e s tio n s o n th e r eco rd in g ; th ey are n o t w ritten in you r te st b o o k . Y ou m u st c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to e a c h q u e s tio n from t h e fo u r c h o ic e s th a t are w ritten in y o u r te st b o o k . T h e c o n v e r sa tio n s a r e o ft e n a b o u t s o m e a sp e c t o f s c h o o l life (h o w d iffic u lt a class is, h o w to w rite a r esea r ch p ap er, h o w to r e g iste r fo r a c o u r s e ) . T h e c o n v e r s a tio n s c a n also b e a b o u t to p ic s c u r re n tly in th e new s in th e U n ite d S tates (d e s a lin a tio n o f th e w ater su pp ly, r ec y c lin g o f u s e d p r o d u cts, d a m a g e fr o m a sto rm o r s o m e o th e r type o f n atu ral p h en o m en o n ).

E xam ple On the recording, you hear: (narrator) (man) (woman)

(man)

(woman) (man) (woman)

Q u estio n s I th ro u g h 4. Listen to a conversation between a professor and a student. Hello, Professor Denton. Are you free for a m om ent? Could I have a word w ith you? Come on in, Michael. O f course I have som e time. These are m y office hours, and this b the right tim e for you to come and ask questions. Now, how can I help you? Well, I have a quick question fo r you about the hom ework assignm ent for tomorrow. I thought the assignm ent was to answer the first three questions at the top o f page 67 in the text, but when I looked, there weren't any questions there. I'm confused. The assignm ent was to answer the first three questions at the top o f page 76, not 67. Oh, now I understand. I ’m glad I came in to check. Thanks for yo u r help. No problem. See you tomorrow.

Questions: 1. On the recording, you hear: (narrator) In your test book, you read:

Who is the man? (A) (B) (C) (D)

A professor. An office worker. Professor Denton’s assistant. A student.

2. On the recording, you hear: (narrator) In your test book, you read:

When does the m an come to see Professor Denton? (A) (B) (C) (D)

During regular class hours. Just before class time. As soon as class is finished. During office hours. (continued on next page)

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

3. On the recording, you hear: (narrator) In your test book, you read:

Why does the man come to see Professor Denton? (A) (B) (C) (D)

To turn in an assignment. To ask a question. To pick up a completed test. To explain why he did not attend class.

4. On the recording, you hear: (narrator)

What incorrect information did the man have?

In your test book, you read:

(A) The date the assignment was due. (B) The page number of the assignment. (C) The length of the assignment. (D) The numbers of the assignment questions.

T h e first q u e s tio n asks y o u to d e te r m in e w h o th e m a n is. S in ce th e m an o p e n s th e c o n v e rsa tio n w ith Professor D enton a n d h e asks a b o u t th e p a g e n u m b e r o f an a ssig n m e n t fo r tom orrow , h e is p rob ab ly a stu d e n t. T h e b e st answ er to th is q u e s tio n is th e r e fo r e answ er ( D ) . T h e s e c o n d q u e stio n asks a b o u t w h en th e m an c o m e s to se e th e professor. T h e p rofe sso r says th a t these are my office hours, so th e b est answ er to this q u e s tio n is answ er (D ). T h e th ird q u e s tio n asks w h y th e m a n c o m e s to se e th e p rofessor. S in c e th e m a n says I have a quick question f o r you, th e b e st an sw er to th is q u e s tio n is answ er (B ). T h e last q u estio n asks w h a t in c o r r e c t in fo r m a tio n th e m a n h a d . T h e m a n th o u g h t th a t th e a ssig n m e n t was o n p a g e 6 7 a n d n o t o n p a g e 76, so h e was m ista k en a b o u t th e page nu m b er o f th e a ssign m e n t. T h e b e st answ er to th is q u e s tio n is answ er (B ).

_________________ STRATEGIES FORTHE LISTENING PART B QUESTIONS_________________ 1. If you have tim e , p review th e answ ers t o th e L istening Part B q u estio n s. While you are looking at the answers, you should try to do the following: •Anticipate the to p ic s of the conversations you will hear. •Anticipate the q u estio n s for each of the groups of answers. 2.

L isten carefully to th e first line o f th e co n v ersa tio n . The first line of the conversation often contains the main idea, subject, or topic of the conversation, and you will often be asked to answer such questions.

3. A s you listen to th e co n v ersa tio n , draw co n clu sio n s a b o u t th e situation o f the con versation : w h o is talking, w h er e th e co n v ersa tio n ta k es p lace, o r w h en it ta k es p lace. You will often be asked to make such inferences about the conversation. 4. A s you listen to the conversation, follow along w ith th e answers in your te st book and try t o determ ine th e correct answers. Detail questions are generally answered In order in the conversation, and the answers often sound the same as what is said in the recording program. 5.

You should g u ess even if you are n o t su re. Never leave any answers blank.

6.

U se any rem aining tim e to look ahead a t th e answ ers t o th e q u estio n s th a t follow.

LISTENING PART B

T h e fo llo w in g sk ills w ill h e lp y o u to im p le m e n t th e s e stra teg ies in P art B o f th e L iste n in g C o m p r e h e n s io n s e c tio n o f th e T O E F L test.

BEFORE LIS T E N IN G S k il

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18:

A N T IC IP A T E T H E TO PIC S

It is very h e lp fu l to y o u r o v era ll c o m p r e h e n s io n i f y o u k n o w w h at to p ic s to e x p e c t in Liste n in g P art B. You sh o u ld th e r e fo r e try to a n tic ip a te th e to p ic s y o u w ill b e h e a r in g . For e x a m p le , are th e c o n v e r sa tio n s a b o u t s o m e a sp e c t o f s c h o o l life, o r s o m e ty p e o f so c ia l issu e , o r a trip s o m e o n e is p la n n in g ? A h e lp fu l strategy is th e r e fo r e to l o o k b riefly at th e a n sw ers in th e test b o o k , b e fo r e y o u a ctu a lly h e a r th e c o n v e r sa tio n s in th e r e c o r d in g p ro g ra m , a n d try to d e te r m in e th e to p ic s o f th e c o n v e r sa tio n s th a t y o u w ill hear.

E X E R C ISE 18: L o o k at th e an sw ers to th e five q u e s tio n s to g e th er , a n d try to a n tic ip a te th e to p ic o f th e c o n v e r s a tio n fo r th o s e five q u e s tio n s. ( O f co u r se , y o u c a n n o t always d e te r m in e e x a ctly w h a t th e to p ic is, b u t y o u o fte n ca n g e t a g e n e r a l id e a .) Q u e s tio n s 1 th r o u g h 5 h a v e b e e n a n sw e re d fo r y ou . 1.

(A) Find work on campus. (B) Work in the employment office. (C) H elp students find jobs. (D) Ask the woman questions.

4.

(A) Every m orning. (B) A fternoons and w eekends. (C) W hen h e ’s in class. (D) Weekdays.

2.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

5.

(A) (B)

3.

In In In In

the library. a classroom. a cam pus office. an apartment.

(A) N o m ore than ten. (B) At least twenty. (C) N ot m ore than twenty. (D) U p to ten.

(C) (D)

Fill out a form. Give her som e additional inform ation. Tell her som e news. P hone her.

W hat is th e to p ic o f th e c o n v e r s a tio n fo r q u e s tio n s 1 th r o u g h 5? looking for a job on campus________________ You can g u e ss th is b e c a u se o f th e fo llo w in g clu es: • work on cam pus • em ploym ent office • stu d en ts • jobs

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

6.

(A) Just before a vacation. (B) Just after the end o f a school semester. (C) At the end o f the summer. (D) Just after a break from school.

7.

(A) (B)

8.

A trip to visit the Eskimos. A trip the woman is planning to take. A trip the man has already taken. (C) A cam ping trip the man and (D) wom an took.

9.

(A) (B)

Sleeping outside on the ground. Spending time in a sauna or hot tub. (C) Relaxing at the lodge. (D) Enjoying excellent food.

10.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

She’d be scared, but she’d like to try. She can’t wait. It would be quite exciting for her. Sh e’d prefer not to try.

(A) T hree hours. (B) Three com plete days. (C) T hree classes. (D) T hree weeks.

W h at is th e to p ic o f th e c o n v e rsa tio n fo r q u e s tio n s 6 th r o u g h 10?

All kinds o f pollution. How acid rain has harm ed the earth. P ollution from cars and factories. (C) T he causes and possible effects o f (D) acid rain.

(A) (B)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

N uclear power. Electricity. Burning coal and oil. Solar power.

From sulfur dioxide and water vapor. (B) From sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide. (C) From nitric acid and sulfur dioxide. From water vapor and nitric acid. (D)

(A)

Only in North America. At the North and South Poles. In parts o f several northern continents. (D) In equatorial areas.

14.

(A) (B) (C)

15.

(A)

She should protect herself from the rain. She should clean up the water (B) supply. (C) She should read a novel. (D) She should get m ore information about acid rain.

W hat is th e to p ic o f th e c o n v e rsa tio n fo r q u e s tio n s 11 th r o u g h 15?

LISTENING PART B

S k il

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19: A N T IC IP A T E T H E Q U E S T IO N S

It is very h e lp fu l to you r ab ility to an sw er in d iv id u a l q u e s tio n s in L iste n in g P art B if y ou c a n a n tic ip a te w h a t th e q u e s tio n s w ill b e a n d lis te n sp ec ific a lly fo r th e a n sw ers to th o se q u e s tio n s.

E x am p le In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)

In the In the In the In the

airport. library. dormitory. travel agent's office.

You try to anticipate the question: Where does the conversation probably take place?

In th is e x a m p le , y o u ca n b e q u ite c e r ta in th a t o n e o f th e q u e s tio n s w ill b e a b o u t w h er e th e c o n v e r sa tio n takes p la c e. S in c e y o u are su re th a t th is is o n e o f th e q u e s tio n s , y o u can liste n carefu lly fo r c lu e s th a t w ill g iv e y o u th e answ er. T h is e x a m p le sh o w s th a t a h e lp fu l strategy is th e r e fo r e to lo o k b riefly at th e answ ers in th e test b o o k , b e fo r e y o u actu ally h e a r th e c o n v e r sa tio n s in th e r e c o r d in g p ro g ra m , a n d try to d e te r m in e th e q u e s tio n s that y o u w ill b e a sk ed to answer. E X E R C ISE 19: Stu dy th e fo llo w in g answ ers a n d try to d e te r m in e w h a t th e q u e s tio n s w ill b e . (You sh o u ld n o te th at p e r h a p s y ou will o n ly b e a b le to p r e d ic t p art o f a q u e s tio n , rather th an th e c o m p le te q u e s tio n .) I f y o u c a n n o t p r e d ic t th e q u e stio n in a sh o r t p e r io d o f tim e, th e n m o v e o n to th e n e x t g r o u p o f answ ers. Q u e stio n 1 has b e e n a n sw ered fo r y ou. 1. Question: What does (someone) want to do?___________________________________________ (A) Find work on campus. (B) Work in the em ploym ent office. (C) H elp students find jobs. (D) Ask the wom an questions. 2.

Q uestion:__________________________________________________ _____________________________ (A) In the library. (B) In a classroom. (C) In a cam pus office. (D) In an apartment.

3.

Question: _____________________________________________________ __________ ________________ (A) N o m ore than ten. (B) At least twenty. (C) N ot m ore than twenty. (D) U p to ten.

4.

Q u estion :______ ________________________________________________ ______________ __________ (A) Every m orning. (B) A fternoons and weekends. (C) W hen h e ’s in class. (D) Weekdays.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

5.

Q u estio n :______________________________________ (A) Fill ou t a form. (B) Give her som e additional inform ation. (C) Tell h er som e news. (D) P hone her.

6.

Q u e stio n :__________________________— -------------(A) Just before a vacation. (B) Just after the end o f a school semester. (C) At the end o f the summer. (D) Just after a break from school.

7.

Q u e stio n :______________________________________ (A) A trip to visit the Eskimos. (B) A trip the woman is planning to take. (C) A trip the man has already taken. (D ) A cam ping trip the man and woman took.

8.

Q u estio n :______________________________________ (A) Three hours. (B) Three com plete days. (C) T hree classes. (D) Three weeks.

9.

Q u estio n :_____________________________________ (A) Sleep in g outside on the ground. (B) Sp en ding time in a sauna or h ot tub. (C) R elaxing at the lodge. (D) Enjoying excellen t food.

10.

Q u e stio n :___________________ _________________ _ (A) S h e’d be scared, but sh e’d like to try. (B) She ca n ’t wait. (C) It w ould be quite exciting for her. (D ) Sh e’d prefer n ot to try.

11.

Q u estio n :___________________________ -_________ (A) All kinds o f pollution. (B) How acid rain has harm ed the earth. (C) P ollution from cars and factories. (D ) The causes and possible effects o f acid rain.

12.

Q u estio n :_____________________________ ________ (A) N uclear power. (B) Electricity. (C) B urning coal and oil. (D) Solar power.

13.

Q u e stio n :__________________________________ — (A) From sulfur dioxide and water vapor. (B) From sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide. (C) From nitric acid and sulfur dioxide. (D ) From water vapor and nitric acid.

14.

Q u estio n :___________________________________ — (A) Only in North America. (B) At the North and South Poles. (C) In parts o f several northern continents. (D) In equatorial areas.

LISTENING i’ART B

15.

Q u estio n :___________________________ — -------------------(A) She should protect herself from the rain. (B) She should clean up the water supply. (C) She sh ould read a novel. (D) She should get m ore inform ation about acid rain.

W H IL E LIS T E N IN G S k il

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20:

D E TER M IN E T H E T O P IC

As y o u listen to e a c h c o n v e r sa tio n in L iste n in g Part B, y o u s h o u ld b e th in k in g a b o u t th e to p ic (su b je ct) o r m a in id e a fo r e a c h c o n v e r sa tio n . S in c e th e first o n e o r tw o s e n t e n c e s g e n e r a lly give th e to p ic , y o u sh o u ld b e a sk in g y o u r se lf w h at th e to p ic is w h ile y o u are lis te n in g ca refu lly to th e first p a rt o f th e co n v e rsa tio n .

E x am p le On the recording, you hear: (man) (woman) (man)

You can't believe w hat I ju st got! I bet you got that new car you've always wanted. Now, how in the world did yo u figure that out?

You think: The topic of the conversation is the new car that the man just got.

EX E R C ISE 20: L iste n to th e first p a r t o f e a c h o f th e co n v e rsa tio n s, a n d d e c id e o n th e to p ic o f e a c h c o n v e r sa tio n . N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT EXERCISE 20.

1.

What is the topic o f Conversation 1?

2.

W hat is the topic o f Conversation 2?

3.

What is the topic o f Conversation 3?

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

S k il

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21: D R A W C O N C L U S IO N S A B O U T W HO , WHAT, W H EN , W H ERE

A s y o u listen to e a c h c o n v e r sa tio n in L iste n in g P art B, y o u sh o u ld b e try in g to se t th e situa tio n in yo u r m in d . You sh o u ld b e th in k in g th e fo llo w in g th o u g h ts: • • • •

W ho is talking? W hen does the conversation probably take place? W here does the conversation probably take place? W h a t is the source o f in fo rm a tio n fo r the co n versa tio n ?

E x am p le On the recording, you hear: (man) (woman) (man)

Why do you have so m any books? I need them for my paper on George Washington. Do you know how I can check them out? Yes, you should go dow nstairs to the circulation desk and fill out a card for each book.

You think: Who is probably talking? (two students) Where are they? (in the library) What course are they discussing? (American History)

E X E R C ISE 21: L isten to th e first part o f e a c h o f th e c o n v e rsa tio n s an d try to im a g in e th e situ a tio n . T h e n answ er th e q u e s tio n s in th e te x t. N ow

BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT EXERCISE 2 1.

Conversation 1 1. W ho is probably talking? 2.

W here does the conversation take place?

Conversation 2 1. W ho is probably talking? 2.

W hen does the conversation take place?

3.

What is the source o f the m an’s information?

Conversation 3 1. W ho is probably talking? 2.

W hen does the conversadon take place?

3.

What is the source o f the information?

LISTENING PART B

S k il

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22:

LISTEN FOR A N S W E R S IN ORDER

T h e r e are two p o ssib le m e th o d s to u se w h ile y o u listen to a c o n v e r sa tio n in th e L iste n in g Part B o f th e T O E F L test. • You can j u s t listen to the conversation (a n d ignore the answers). • You can fo llo w along w ith the answ ers w hile yo u listen. S o m e stu d e n ts p r e fe r to ju s t liste n to th e c o n v e r sa tio n w h ile it is b e in g s p o k e n , a n d i f th a t m e th o d w orks w ell fo r y o u , th e n th at is w h a t y o u sh o u ld d o . O th e r stu d e n ts fin d that th ey can answ er m o r e q u e s tio n s c o rr ec tly i f th e y r e a d a lo n g w ith th e answ ers w h ile th e c o n v e r sation is b e in g sp o k e n . B e ca u se th e d e ta il q u e s tio n s are a n sw e re d in ord er, it is p o s sib le to read a lo n g w h ile y o u listen to th e c o n v e r sa tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p ro g ra m .

Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (man) (woman) (man)

(woman) (man)

(woman)

In your test book, you read (same time):

Can I help you? I ’m Interested in opening an account. Well, we have several different types o f accounts: checking accounts, savings accounts, money market accounts, time deposit accounts. I t ’s a checking account that I am interested in.

1.

(A) A checking account. (B) A savings account. (C) A money market account. (D) A time deposit account.

I can help you w ith that. First, you have to fill out a form, and then I need to see som e identification. That's about all there is to it. That sounds easy enough. Thanks for your help.

2.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

A form. An account. A piece of identification. A check.

On the recording, you hear: (narrator)

1.

What type o f account does the w om an want?

2.

What does the m an need for her to show him?

W h en y o u rea d th e an sw ers to th e first q u e s tio n , y ou ca n a n tic ip a te th a t th e first q u e s tio n is: W h a t type o f account ? As y o u listen , y o u d e te r m in e th a t th e w o m a n w an ts a checking account. T h e r e fo r e , y o u c a n a n tic ip a te th a t th e b e st answ er to th e first q u e s tio n is ( A ) . W h e n y o u r ea d th e an sw ers to th e s e c o n d q u e s tio n , y o u c a n .a n ticip a te th a t th e se c o n d q u e s tio n is g o in g to ask W h a t th in g . . . ? In th e c o n v e r sa tio n , th e m a n asks h e r to fill o u t a. fo r m a n d sh o w s o m e identification, so as y o u are lis te n in g y o u ca n a n tic ip a te th at th e c o r r e c t answ er to th e s e c o n d q u e s tio n is e ith e r (A) o r (C ). W h e n y o u h e a r th e q u e s tio n , y o u can d e te r m in e th a t th e b e st an sw er is an sw er (C ).

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

T O E F L E X E R C IS E 22: L isten to e a c h c o m p le te c o n v e r s a tio n a n d an sw er th e q u e s tio n s th a t follow .

o

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 22.

1.

(A) Find work on campus. (B) Work in the em ploym ent office. (C) H elp students find jobs. (D) Ask the woman questions.

2.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

3.

(A) N o m ore than ten. (B) At least twenty. (C) N ot m ore than twenty. (D) U p to ten.

4.

5.

In In In In

the library. a classroom. a cam pus office. an apartment.

(A) Every m orning. (B) A fternoons and weekends. (C) W hen h e ’s in class. (D) Weekdays. Fill out a form. Give her som e additional inform ation. Tell her som e news. (C) Phone her. (D) (A) Just before a vacation. (B) Just after the end o f a school semester. (C) At the end o f the summer. (D) Just after a break from school.

7.

(A) (B)

A trip to visit the Eskimos. A trip the woman is planning to take. (C) A trip the man has already taken. (D) A cam ping trip the man and woman took. (A) (B) (C) (D)

T hree T hree T hree T hree

hours. com plete days. classes. weeks.

(A) Sleeping outside on the ground. (B) Spending tim e in a h o t tub. (C) Relaxing at the lodge. (D) Enjoying ex cellent food. S h e’d b e scared, but she’d like to try. She ca n ’t wait. (B) It w ould be quite exciting for her. (C) (D) She’d prefer not to try.

10.

(A)

11.

(A) (B)

12.

(A) Nuclear power. (B) Electricity. (C) Burning coal and oil. (D) Solar power.

13.

(A)

14.

(A) (B) (C)

15.

(A)

(A) (B)

6.

8.

9.

All kinds o f pollution. How acid rain has harm ed the earth. (C) Pollution from cars and factories. (D) T he causes and possible effects o f acid rain.

From sulfur dioxide and water vapor. (B) From sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide. From nitric acid and sulfur (C) dioxide. (D) From water vapor and nitric acid. Only in North America. At the N orth and South Poles. In parts o f several northern continents. (D) In equatorial areas. She should protect herself from the rain. (B) She should clean up the water supply. She should read a novel. (C) She should get m ore inform ation (D) about acid rain.

LISTENING PART B

T O E F L REV IEW E X E R C ISE (S k ills 1 8 -2 2 ): In this e x e r c ise , y o u will u s e all o f th e in fo r m a tio n th at y o u le a r n e d in S k ills 18 th r o u g h 22. B e fo re th e r e c o r d in g p ro g ra m b e g in s, y o u sh o u ld read over th e an sw ers to q u e s tio n s 1 th r o u g h 15 a n d d o th e fo llo w in g : • A n ticip a te the topics yo u w ill hear. • A n ticip a te the questions. W h ile y o u are lis te n in g to th e c o n v e r sa tio n s, y o u sh o u ld d o th e fo llo w in g : • L isten fo r the topic in the fir s t lines. • D ra w conclusions about the situ a tio n (w h o, w hat, w h e n , w h er e). • L isten fo r the answers in order. N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE SKILLS

n

(A) (B) (C) (D) 2.

To To To To

(A) Laramie. (B) Devil’s Tower N ational M onum ent. (C) Old Faithful. (D) Wyoming.

a concert. a rehearsal. a lecture. the library.

(A) O ne. (B) Two. (C) Three. (D) Four.

( 18 -22).

9.

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Hear again about Yellowstone. Take a trip to Yellowstone. Get a jo b in a national park. Move to Yellowstone.

How and when we celebrate Thanksgiving. (B) T he traditional Thanksgiving dinner. (C) W hen Thanksgiving began. (D) Abraham Lincoln.

3.

(A)

T he bus does not go directly to the Music Building. (B) T he bus goes very slowly to the Music Building. (C) T he bus som etim es does not com e. (D) T he bus will not arrive for a while.

10.

(A)

4.

(A) Walk. (B) Wait for the bus. (C) Miss the lecture. (D) T hink o f another plan.

11.

(A) (B)

5.

(A) Boring. (B) Fantastic. (C) Lengthy. (D) Faithful.

12 .

(A) (B) (C)

13.

(A) At many different times. (B) In July. (C) Any tim e in November. (D) On a Thursday in Novem ber.

6. (A) By car. (B) By plane. (C) By train. (D) By bicycle. 7. (A) She went directly to Yellowstone. (B) She spent a few weeks in Laramie. (C) She stopped at the Devil's Tower National M onum ent. (D) She m ade a few stops before going on to Yellowstone.

With colonists in Massachusetts. Alone and thinking abou t how Thanksgiving developed. With a big Thanksgiving dinner. (C) (D) In an untraditional manner. T he terrible winter. T he corn harvest. T he develop m en t o f Thanksgiving Day. (D) For getting the w hole fam ily together.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

T H E LIS TE N IN G PART C Q U E S T IO N S P art C o f th e L iste n in g C o m p r e h e n s io n s e c tio n o f th e T O E F L test c o n sists o f th r e e talks, e a c h fo llo w e d by a n u m b e r o f q u estio n s. You w ill h e a r th e talks a n d th e q u e s tio n s o n a rec o r d in g ; th ey a re n o t w ritten in y o u r test b o o k . Y ou m u st c h o o s e th e b e st a nsw er to each q u e s tio n fro m th e fo u r c h o ic e s th a t are w ritten in y o u r te st b o o k . L ike th e c o n v e rsa tio n s in L iste n in g Part B, th e talks are o fte n a b o u t so m e a sp e c t o f s c h o o l life o r to p ic s cu rren tly in th e new s. It is a lso very c o m m o n fo r th e talks to b e s h o r te n e d v ersio n s o f le c tu r e s from c o u r se s ta u g h t in A m e ric a n c o lle g e s an d u n iv er sitie s.

Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (narrator) (woman)

Q uestions I th ro u g h 4. Listen to a talk about the settlement o f America. The settling o f the vast farm lands in central North America was delayed at least partly because o f an error by one man. In the early nineteenth century, Lieutenant Zebulon Pike o f the U.S. Army w as'sent out to explore and chart the huge expanses o f land in the center o f the continent. When he returned from his explorations, he wrote a report in which he erroneously stated that the vast plains in the central part o f the continent were desertlike, comparable to the Sahara in Africa. In reality, however, these vast plains contained some o f the m ost fertile farmland in the world. Because o f Pike’s mistake, the m aps o f the day depicted the central part o f what is today the United States as a vast desert rather than the excellent and available farm land that it was. This mistaken belief about the nature o f those lands caused settlers to avoid the central plains for years.

Questions: 1. On the recording, you hear: (narrator) In your test book, you read:

2.

What is the topic o f this talk? (A) Zebulon Pike’s career. (B) A mistake that influenced the settlement of America. (C) A report for the army. (D) The farmlands.

On the recording, you hear: (narrator) In your test book, you read:

How did Pike describe the area that he explored? (A) As a desert. (B) As usable for army purposes. (C) As located in the Sahara. (D) As available for farmland. (continued on next page)

LISTENING PART C

3.

On the recording, you hear: (narrator) In your test book, you read:

4.

W hat was this area really like? (A) (B) (C) (D)

It was It was It was It was

a vast desert. covered with farms. excellent farmland. similar to the Sahara.

On the recording, you hear: (narrator) In your test book, you read:

This talk w ould probably be given in w hich o f the following courses? (A) (B) (C) (D)

Agricultural Science. American History. Geology of the United States. Military Science.

T h e first q u e s tio n asks a b o u t th e to p ic o f th e talk. T h e to p ic o f th e talk is f o u n d in th e first s e n te n c e o f th e talk: T h e settlin g o f the va st fa r m la n d s in central N o rth A m erica was delayed at least partly because o f a n error by one m an. T h e r e fo r e , th e b e st an sw er to th e q u e s tio n is (B ). T h e s e c o n d q u e s tio n is a d e ta il q u e s tio n th at asks h o w P ike d e sc r ib e d th is area. It is sta te d in th e talk th a t P ike wrote a report in w hich he erroneously stated th a t the v a st p la in s in the central p a r t o f the co ntinent were desertlike. . . . T h e r e fo r e , th e b e st an sw er to th is q u e s tio n is ( A ) . T h e th ird q u e s tio n is a n a d d itio n a l d e ta il q u e s tio n th a t asks w h a t th e a r ea was really lik e. B e ca u se th e talk in d ic a te s th a t in reality . . . these vast p la in s contained some o f the most fertile fa r m la n d in the world, th e b e st an sw er to th is q u e s tio n is ( C ) . T h e fo u r th q u e s tio n is an in fe r e n c e q u e s tio n . It asks in w h ic h c o u r se this le c tu r e w o u ld p ro b a b ly b e g iv e n . T h e w o r d probably in d ic a te s to y o u th at th e q u e s tio n is n o t a n sw ered d ir ec tly in th e talk. You m u s t draw a c o n c lu s io n fro m th e in fo r m a tio n in th e talk to an sw er th is q u e s tio n . B e ca u se th is talk r efe rs to the early nineteenth century a n d d isc u sse s th e settling o f the v a st fa r m la n d s in central N o rth A m erica, it w o u ld p ro b a b ly b e g iv e n in a n A m e ric a n H is to r y c o u r se . T h e b e st an sw er to th is q u e s tio n is ( B ) .

_________________ STRATEGIES FORTHE LISTENING PART C QUESTIONS_________________ 1. If you have tim e , p review th e an sw ers t o th e L istening Part C q u estio n s. While you are looking at the answers, you should try to do the following: •Anticipate the to p ic s of the talks you will hear. •Anticipate the q u estio n s for each of the groups of answers. 2. Listen carefully to th e first lin e o f th e talk. The first line of the talk often contains the main idea, subject, or topic of the talk, and you will often be asked this type of question. 3. A s you listen to th e talk, draw c o n c lu sio n s a b o u t th e situ a tio n o f th e talk: w h o is talking, w h ere o r w h en th e talk ta k es p la ce, w h ich c o u r se th is lec tu r e m ig h t be given in. You will often be asked to make such inferences about the talk. 4. A s you listen t o th e talk, follow alo n g w ith th e an sw ers in your t e s t b o o k r.nd try to d e te r m in e th e c o r r e c t a n sw ers. Detail questions are generally answered in order In the talk, and the answers often sound the same as what Is said on the recording. 5. You sh ould g u e ss ev en if you a re n o t su re . Never leave any answers blank. 6. U se any rem aining tim e to look ahead a t th e answ ers to th e q u estio n s th a t follow .

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

T h e fo llo w in g sk ills w ill h e lp y o u to im p le m e n t th e s e str a teg ie s in P art C o f th e L iste n in g C o m p r e h e n s io n se c tio n o f th e T O E F L test.

BEFORE L IS T E N IN G ________________________________________ S k il

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23:

A N TIC IPA TE TH E TOPICS

It is very h e lp fu l to you r overall c o m p r e h e n sio n if y o u k n ow w h at to p ic s to e x p e c t in Liste n in g P art C. You sh o u ld th e r efo r e try to a n tic ip a te th e to p ics th a t you w ill be h e a rin g (as y o u d id in L iste n in g P art B ). F or e x a m p le , are th e talks a b o u t A m erica n history, o r lite ra tu re, o r so m e a sp ec t o f sc h o o l life? A h e lp fu l strategy is th e r efo r e to lo o k b riefly at the answ ers in th e test b o o k , b e fo r e y o u a ctu ally h ea r th e talks o n th e r e c o r d in g , a n d try to d e te r m in e th e to p ic s o f th e talks th a t you w ill hear. EX ER C ISE 23: L o o k at th e answ ers to th e five q u e stio n s to g e th er , a n d try to a n ticip a te th e to p ic o f th e talk for th o s e five q u estio n s. (O f c o u r se , y o u c a n n o t always d e te r m in e e x actly w h a t th e to p ic is, b u t y o u o fte n can g e t a g e n e r a l id e a .) Q u e stio n s 1 th r o u g h 5 have b e e n a n sw ered fo r you. During a biology laboratory session. (B) In a biology study group. (C) On the first day o f class. (D) Just before the final exam.

(A)

4.

(A) Room assignments. (B) Exam topics. (C) Reading assignments. (D) T he first lecture.

5.

(A) (B) (C)

(A) O nce a week. (B) Two times a week. (C) T hree times a week. (D) For fifteen hours.

Exams and lab work. Reading and writing assignments. Class participation and grades on examinations. (D) Lecture and laboratory attendance.

To do the first laboratory assignment. To take the first exam. (B) To study the laboratory manual. (C) (D) To read o n e chapter o f the text.

(A)

W h a t is th e to p ic o f th e talk for q u e s tio n s 1 th r o u g h 5? the requirements of a biology class You can g u e ss this b e c a u se o f th e fo llo w in g clues: • biology • fir s t day o f class • reading assignm ents • exams • lab work

LISTENING PART C

6.

(A) What caused the Ring o f Fire. (B) T he volcanoes o f the Ring o f Fire. (C) Hawaiian volcanoes. (D) D ifferent types o f volcanoes.

7.

(A) (B)

8.

The Ring o f Fire. The characteristics o f volcanoes in the Ring o f Fire. (C) The volcanoes o f Hawaii. (D) Mauna Loa. (A) (B) (C) (D)

9.

10.

They are not so violent. They are located alon g the Ring o f Fire. (C) They contain a lo t o f gas. (D) They contain thick lava.

(A) (B)

(A) A volcano on the Ring o f Fire. (B) An island in Hawaii. (C) A long, low volcanic m ountain. (D) An explosive volcano.

In Hawaii. In the U nited States. A long the Ring o f Fire. Within the Ring o f Fire.

W hat is th e to p ic o f th e talk fo r q u e s tio n s 6 th r o u g h 10?

11.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

An artist. A tour guide. An Indian. Orville Wright.

12.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Several. Sixty thousand. Sixteen m illion. M illions and millions.

(A)

The National Air and Space Museum. The Museum o f Natural History. The American History Museum. T he Sm ithsonian Arts and Industries Building.

13.

(B) (C) (D)

14.

(A) (B)

T he American H istory M useum. T he Sm ithsonian Arts and Industries Building. (C) T he W ashington M useum. (D) The National Air and Space Museum.

15.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

To the White H ouse. To the Sm ithsonian. To the mall. To various other m useum s.

W hat is th e to p ic o f th e talk for q u e s tio n s 11 th r o u g h 15?

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

S k il

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24:

A N TIC IP A TE T H E Q U E S T IO N S

It is very h e lp fu l to y o u r ability to an sw er in d iv id u a l q u e stio n s in L iste n in g P art C i f y o u ca n a n tic ip a te w h at th e q u e s tio n s w ill b e a n d listen sp ec ific a lly fo r th e an sw ers to th o s e q u e s tio n s (as you d id in L iste n in g P art B ).

Exam ple In your test book, you read: (A) For three weeks. (B) For three days. (C) For three months. (D) For three hours. You try to anticipate the question: How long does (something) last?

In th is e x a m p le, y o u can b e q u ite c e r ta in th a t o n e o f th e q u e stio n s w ill b e a b o u t h o w lo n g so m e th in g lasts. S in c e you are su re th a t th is is o n e o f th e q u e s tio n s, y o u c a n liste n ca refully fo r c lu e s th a t w ill give y o u th e answ er. T h is e x a m p le sh ow s th a t a h e lp fu l strategy is th e r e fo r e to lo o k b riefly at th e an sw ers in th e test b o o k , b e fo r e y o u actu ally h e a r th e talks o n th e rec o rd in g , a n d try to d e t e r m in e th e q u e s tio n s that y o u w ill b e a sk ed to answer.

EXER CISE 24: Study th e fo llo w in g answ ers a n d try to d e te rm in e w h a t th e q u e s tio n s will be. (You sh o u ld n o te th at p e r h a p s y o u w ill o n ly be ab le to p r e d ict p art o f a q u e stio n , rather th an th e c o m p le te q u e s tio n .) If y o u c a n n o t p r e d ict th e q u estio n in a sh o rt p e r io d o f tim e, th e n m ove o n to th e n e x t g r o u p o f answ ers. Q u e stio n 1 has b e e n a n sw ered fo r you.

1

rw stin n (A) (B) (C) (D)

When does the talk probably take place?_________________________________ •

During a biology laboratory session. In a biology study group. O n the first day o f class. Just before the final exam.

2.

Q uestion:_______________________________ ________________________________________________ (A) O nce a week. (B) Two times a week. (C) Three tim es a week. (D) For fifteen hours.

3.

Q uestion:______________________________ _________________________________________________ (A) To do the first laboratory assignment. (B) To take the first exam. (C) To study the laboratory manual. (D) To read o n e chapter o f the text.

4.

Q uestion:______ ___________________________ ______________________________________________ (A) Room assignments. (B) Exam topics. (C) Reading assignments. (D) T he first lecture.

LISTENING PART C

5.

Q u estion :_____________________________________________ (A) Exams and lab work. (B) Reading and writing assignm ents. (C) Class participation and grades on exam inations. (D) Lecture and laboratory attendance.

6.

Q uestion:_____________________________________________ (A) What caused the Ring o f Fire. (B) The volcanoes o f the Ring o f Fire. (C) Hawaiian volcanoes. (D) D ifferent types o f volcanoes.

7.

Q uestion:_____________________________________________ (A) The Ring o f Fire. (B) The characteristics o f volcanoes in the Ring o f Fire. (C) The volcanoes o f Hawaii. (D) Mauna Loa.

8.

Q u estion :_____________________________________________ (A) In Hawaii. (B) In the U nited States. (C) A long the Ring o f Fire. (D) W ithin the Ring o f Fire.

9.

Q uestion:_____________________________________________ (A) They are not so violent. (B) They are located along the Ring o f Fire. (C) They contain a lot o f gas. (D) They contain thick lava.

10.

Q u estion :_____________________________________________ (A) A volcano on the Ring o f Fire. (B) An island in Hawaii. (C) A long, low volcanic m ountain. (D) An explosive volcano.

11.

Q u estion :_____________________________________________ (A) An artist. (B) A tour guide. (C) An Indian. (D) Orville Wright.

12.

Q uestion:_____________________________________________ (A) Several. (B) Sixty thousand. (C) Sixteen m illion. (D) M illions and m illions.

13.

Q u estion :_____________________________________________ (A) T he National Air and Space Museum. (B) The M useum o f Natural History. (C) T he American History M useum. (D) T he Sm ithsonian Arts and Industries Building.

107

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

14.

Q u estion :_________________________________ ______ (A) The American History Museum. (B) The Sm ithsonian Arts and Industries Building. (C) The Washington Museum. (D) The National Air and Space Museum.

15.

Q u estion :________________________________________ (A) To the White House. (B) To the Smithsonian. (C) To the mall. (D) To various other museums.

W H IL E LIS TE N IN G S k il

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25:

DETERM INE TH E TO PIC

As you listen to ea ch talk in L isten in g Part C, y o u sh o u ld b e th in k in g a b o u t th e to p ic (su b je c t) o r m a in id e a fo r th e talk (as you d id in L iste n in g Part B ). S in ce th e first se n te n c e is g e n e ra lly a to p ic se n te n c e , y o u sh o u ld b e ask in g y o u r se lf w hat th e to p ic is w h ile you are lis te n in g ca refu lly to th e first p art o f th e talk.

Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (man)

The major earthquake that occurred east o f Los Angeles in 1971 is still affecting the economy o f the area today.

You think: The topic of the talk is the effect of the 1971 earthquake on Los Angeles today.

E X E R C ISE 25: L isten to th e first part o f e a c h o f th e talks, a n d d e c id e o n th e to p ic o f ea ch talk. N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT EXERCISE 25.

1.

What is the topic o f Talk 1?

2. What is the topic o f Talk 2?

3. What is the topic o f Talk 3?

LISTENING PART c

S k il

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26:

D R A W C O N C L U S IO N S A B O U T W HO , WHAT, W H EN , W H ER E

As y o u listen to e a c h talk in L iste n in g Part C , y o u sh o u ld b e tr y in g to se t th e situ a tio n in you r m in d (a s y o u d id in L iste n in g Part B ). You s h o u ld b e th in k in g th e f o llo w in g th o u g h ts: • • • • •

W ho is talkin g ? W hen does the talk probably take place? W here does the talk probably take place? W h a t course is the ta lk concerned w ith? W h a t is the source o f in fo rm a tio n fo r the talk?

Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (woman)

The next stop on our tour o f Atlanta will be the original hom e o f Coca-Cola, at 107 Marietta Street. Coca-Cola was manufactured at this location u n til early in September o f 1888.

You think: (a tour guide) (in Atlanta) (in the middle of a tour)

Who is probably talking? Where are they? When does the talk take place?

EX ER C ISE 26: L iste n to th e first p a rt o f e a c h o f th e talks a n d try to im a g in e th e situ a tio n . T h e n an sw er th e q u e s tio n s in th e text. o

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT EXERCISE

Talk 1 1. W ho is probably talking?

26. _____________________________________________

2.

W here does the talk probably take p l a c e ? _____________________________________________

3.

W hen does the talk probably take place?

_____________________________________________

4.

What course is b ein g discussed?

_____________________________________________

Talk 2 1. W ho is probably talking?

_____________________________________________

2.

W here does the talk probably take place?

_____________________________________________

3.

W hen does the talk probably take place?

_____________________________________________

4.

W hat course is b ein g discussed?

---------------------------------------------------------------------

Talk 3 1. W ho is probably talking?

---------------------------------------------------------------------

2.

W here does the talk take place?

_____________________________________________

3.

W hen d o es the talk take place?

_____________________________________________

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

S k il

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27:

LISTEN FOR ANSW ERS IN ORDER

T h e r e are tw o p o ssib le m e th o d s to u se w h ile y o u liste n to th e talks in L iste n in g Part C. • You can j u s t listen to the talk (a n d ignore the answers). * You can follow along w ith the answers w hile yo u listen. S o m e stu d e n ts p refer to ju s t listen to th e talk w h ile it is b e in g sp o k e n , a n d i f th a t m e th o d w orks w ell fo r y o u , th e n th at is w h a t y o u sh o u ld d o . O th e r stu d e n ts fin d th a t th ey can a n sw er m o r e q u e s tio n s co rrectly i f they read a lo n g w ith th e answ ers w h ile th e talk is b e in g g iv en . B e ca u se th e d eta il q u e stio n s are a n sw ered in ord er, it is p o ssib le to read a lo n g w h ile y o u lis te n to th e talk in th e r e c o r d in g p ro g ra m .

Exam ple On the recording, you hear: (woman)

The Great Chicago Fire began on October 8, 1871, and, according to legend, began when a cow knocked over a lantern in Mrs. O ’Leary’s bam . No matter how it began, it was a disastrous fire. The preceding sum m er had been exceedingly dry in the Chicago area, and the extreme dryness accompanied by Chicago’s infam ous winds created an inferno that destroyed 18,000 buildings and killed more than 300 people before it was extinguished the following day.

In your test book, you read (same time): 1.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

In a bam. In Mrs. O’Leary’s home. In a cow pasture. In a lantern factory.

2.

(A) The dry weather prior to the fire made it worse. (B) It happened during the summer. (C) Chicago’s winds made it worse. (D) It killed many people.

On the recording, you hear: (narrator)

Ỉ. According to legend, where did the Great Chicago Fire begin ? 2.

Which o f the following is n o t true about the Great Chicago Fire?

W h en you read th e answ ers to th e first q u e stio n , y o u ca n an ticip a te th a t th e first q u estio n is: Where d id som ething happen'? As y ou listen , y o u d e te r m in e th at th e fire b e g a n in M rs. O 'Leary's barn. T h e r e fo r e , y o u can a n tic ip a te that th e b est answ er to th e first q u estio n is (A ). I f y o u rea d th e answ ers to th e se c o n d q u e s tio n w h ile y o u listen to th e talk, y o u can d e te r m in e th at answ ers (A ), (C ), an d (D ) are tru e. A n sw er (B ) is n o t true: th e fire d id n o t b e g in in th e su m m er, it b e g a n in October, w h ich is in th e a u tu m n . T h e r e fo r e , answ er (B ) is th e b e st answ er to th e q u e stio n Which o f the fo llo w in g is n o t true about the Great Chicago F ire?

LISTENING PART C

T O E F L EXER CISE 27: L isten to e a c h c o m p le te talk a n d answ er th e q u e s tio n s th a t follow , n

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 27.

1.

During a biology laboratory session. (B) In a biology study group. (C) On the first day o f class. (D) Just before the final exam.

(A)

2.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

3.

To do the first laboratory assignment. To take the first exam. (B) (C) To study the laboratory m anual. (D) To read o n e chapter o f the text.

4.

(A) Room assignments. (B) Exam topics. (C) Reading assignments. (D) T he first lecture.

5.

Exams and lab work. Reading and writing assignm ents. Class participation and grades on exam inations. (D) Lecture and laboratory attendance.

6.

(A) What caused the Ring o f Fire. (B) T h e volcanoes o f the Ring o f Fire. (C) Hawaiian volcanoes. (D) Different types o f volcanoes.

7.

(A) (B)

8.

O nce a week. Two times a week. T hree times a week. For fifteen hours.

(A)

9.

(C) (D)

They are not so violent. They are located along the Ring o f Fire. They contain a lot o f gas. They contain thick lava.

10.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

A volcano on the Ring o f Fire. An island in Hawaii. A long, low volcanic m ountain. An explosive volcano.

11.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

An artist. A tour guide. An Indian. Orville Wright.

12.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Several. Sixty thousand. Sixteen m illion. M illions and m illions.

13.

T he National Air and Space Museum. (B) T he Museum o f Natural History. (C) T he Am erican H istory M useum. (D) T he Sm ithsonian Arts and Industries Building.

14.

(A) (B)

15.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

(A) (B) (C)

T h e Ring o f Fire. T h e characteristics o f volcanoes in the Ring o f Fire. (C) T he volcanoes o f Hawaii. (D) Mauna Loa. (A) In Hawaii. (B) In the U n ited States. (C) A long the Ring o f Fire. (D) W ithin the Ring o f Fire.

(A) (B)

(A)

T he Am erican H istory M useum. The Sm ithsonian Arts and Industries Building. (C) The W ashington M useum. (D) T he National Air and Space Museum. To To To To

the W hite H o u « . the Sm ithsonian. the mall. various other m useum s.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

T O E F L REV IEW E X E R C ISE (S k ills 2 3 - 2 7 ) : In th is e x e r c ise , y o u w ill u se all o f th e in fo rm a tio n th a t y o u le a r n e d in Skills 2 3 th r o u g h 27. B e fo r e th e r e c o r d in g p rogram b e g in s, y o u sh o u ld read over th e answ ers to q u estio n s 1 th r o u g h 12 a n d d o th e follo w in g : • A n tic ip a te the topics you w ill hear. • A n tic ip a te the questions. W h ile y o u are lis te n in g to th e talks, you sh o u ld d o th e fo llo w in g : • L isten fo r the topic in the fir s t sentence. • D raw conclusions about the situ a tio n (w ho, w h at, w h e n , w h er e). • Listen f o r the answers in order. n

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (SKILLS 23-27).

O ther librarians. Undergraduate students. Students who are not in the business department. (D) Graduate business students.

(A) (B) (C)

2.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

It opens at 7:00 A.M. It closes at 7:00 P.M. It closes at midnight. It is always open.

3.

(A)

Com puter area and business materials. Magazines and newspapers. Business departm ent and library staff offices. First and second floors o f the library.

(B) (C) (D)

Go hom e. Return to class. Work on the computers. Tour the library.

4.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

5.

(A) A student in health services. (B) A drug abuse lecturer. (C) A derm atologist. (D) A representative o f the tobacco industry.

6.

How to reduce nicotine and other addictions. (B) How stress affects the skin. (C) The effects o f alcohol on health. (D) How to achieve optim al health. (A)

7. (A) Alcohol. (B) Nicotine. (C) Caffeine. (D) A reduced supply o f blood. g (A)

It increases the flow o f blood to the skin. (B) It causes increased consum ption of alcohol. (C) It prevents the skin from receiving enough nourishm ent. (D) It causes stress.

9. (A) (B) (C)

Before the Civil War. At the end o f the Civil War. At the beginning o f the twentieth century. (D) W ithin the last decade.

10. (A) (B)

The Civil War ended. T he U.S. governm ent issued a large am ount o f paper currency. (C) T he price o f gold plum m eted. (D) T he value o f gold becam e inflated.

11.

(A) (B) (C) (D)

The The The T he

president. president’s brother. president’s brother-in-law. president’s wife.

12.

(A) Issue greenbacks. (B) Sell gold. (C) Corner the gold markeL (D) H old its gold reserves.

l D l D l D l D l D l D l D l TOEFL POST-TEST SECTION 1 LISTENING COMPREHENSION T im e — a p p r o x im a te ly 3 5 m in u te s ( in c lu d in g t h e r e a d in g o f t h e d ir e c t io n s fo r e a c h p a r t) In this section of the test, you will have an opportunity to demonstrate your ability to understand conversations and talks in English. There are three parts to this section, with special direotions for each part. Answer all the questions on the basis of what is stated or im plied by the speakers you hear. Do not take notes or write in your test book at any time. Do not turn the pages until you are told to do so.

P art A D irections: In Part A you will hear short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. The conversations and questions will not be repeated. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number o f the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Listen to an exam ple.

Sam p le Answer

® CD

©

On the recording, you w ill hear: (m an) (w om an) (narrator)

That exam w as ju st awful. Oh, it could have been worse. What does the w om an mean?

In your test book, you w ill read:

(A) (B) (C) (D)

The exam was really awful. It was the worst exam she had ever seen. It couldn't have been more difficult. It wasn't that hard.

You learn from the conversation that the man thought the exam was very difficult and that the woman disagreed with the man. The best answer to the question, "What does the wom an mean?" is (D), "It wasn’t that hard.’’ Therefore, the correct choice is (D).

TOEFL* test d irectio n s an d fo rm at are rep rin ted by perm ission o f ETS, the copyright owner. However, all exam ples an d test q uestions are provided by P earson Education, Inc.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION POST-TEST

□I d I d I d I d I d I d 1. (A) (B) (C) (D)

Hell correct the exams this afternoon. The exam will be at noon. He will collect the exams at 12:00. The tests have not yet been graded.

2. (A) Martha applied for a visa last month. (B) Martha's visa will last for only a month. (C) Martha arrived last month without her visa. (D) Martha’s visa was already delivered. 3. (A) The professor described what the students should do. (B) There was a long line to register for the required class. The professor required an outline. (C) (D) The professor lined up for retirement. 4. (A) (B) (C) (D)

Chuck had improved. This visit was better than the last. Chuck looked at him in the hospital. Chuck didn't seem to be doing very well.

5. (A) She thinks the tuition should be increased. (B) The semester’s tuition is quite affordable. (C) It costs too much. (D) She has more than enough for tuition. 6. (A) He thinks he got a good grade. (B) The history grades were all C or above. (C) No one got history grades. (D) All the grades were C or lower. 7. (A) The parking lots were full before 10:00. (B) It was impossible to start class by 10:00. (C) He parked the car before class at 10:00. (D) The possibility of finding a place to park increased.

8. (A) (B) (C) (D)

She’s found a new ring. She would like a hug. She’s shopping for a carpet. She’s thankful she has a rag.

9. (A) (B) (C) (D)

In a department store. In a bank. In an accounting firm. In a checkout line.

10. (A) Jane usually visits San Francisco for her vacations. (B) Jane’s cousin often visits San Francisco. (C) Whenever there’s a holiday, Jane's cousin goes to San Francisco. (D) Whenever there’s a holiday, Jane leaves San Francisco. 11. (A) (B) (C) (D)

He wishes he had something tc eat. He hopes he won’t eat for weeks. He wishes he hadn't eaten so much. He wishes he weren’t eating.

12. (A) Traffic should not be allowed. (B) She thinks that the traffic should stay outside. (C) She agrees that the traffic is noisy. (D) She’ll stay outside with the man. 13. (A) The headings for today's reading assignment. (B) The chance to make the headlines. (C) Her reading ability. (D) The daily newspaper. 14. (A) The bus trip is only five minutes long. (B) The man missed the bus by five minutes. (C) The man doesn’t have time to waste. (D) The bus was five minutes late. 15. (A) (B) (C) (D)

It’s not possible to pass the class. She'll definitely fail. It's always possible. She shouldn't say anything about the class.

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

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LISTENING COMPREHENSION POST-TEST

mEmEmomomomomom 16. (A) (B) (C) (D)

She gave Tom money to pay the rent. She was given money for the rent. Tom borrowed money for the rent. She had som e money to lend.

17. (A) (B) (C) (D)

The cake is extremely good. He never tasted the cake. He wished he hadn't tasted the cake. The cake has never been very good.

18. (A) At the com er she ran into another car. (B) She ran to Carl because she cared. (C) She unexpectedly met one of her relatives. (D) Carl was running from place to place. 19. (A) She shouldn't leave her purse here. (B) She’s probably in the apartment. (C) Her purse must not be in the apartment. (D) She left without taking her purse. 20. (A) The landlord failed to collect rent on the first of last month. (B) The tenants absolutely must pay rent by the first o f the month. (C) The landlord will not fail to collect your rent on the first o f next month. (D) It is important to call the landlord about rent on the first of the month. 21. (A) Taking the car out for a test drive. (B) Listening to the noises. (C) Fixing the car herself. (D) Getting the car repaired. 22. (A) (B) (C) (D)

Martha’s jobs are easy. It’s easy to hold two jobs. It’s better for Martha to have two jobs. Martha should slow down.

23. (A) The plane took off just after he arrived. (B) He arrived just after the plane took off. (C) He wasn’t in time to catch the plane. (D) He arrived too late to catch the plane.

24. (A) He agrees with the wom an’s suggestion. (B) Parking is not free on the weekend. (C) It is not necessary for them to park. (D) He thinks they don’t have to pay. 25. (A) He is eager to leave his job. (B) He is unhappy at the thought of retiring. (C) He couldn’t be unhappier about retiring. (D) He is retiring too soon. 26.

(A) He got the car he really wanted. (B) He didn't get a new car. (C) The car that he got was not his first choice. (D) He didn’t really want a new car.

27. (A)

Mr. Drew pointedly asked the president about the committee. (B) The president pointed to Mr. Drew’s head. (C) Mr. Drew became head of the new commission. (D) Mr. Drew was committed to the president’s appointments.

28. (A) She felt inferior. (B) She wasn’t furious. (C) She felt there should have been more fairness. (D) She was extremely angry. 29. (A) (B) (C) (D) 30.

The The The The

man would do the dishes. plates did not need to be washed. man would not be ready to go. dishes would not be done.

(A) He knew that grapes were cheaper than cherries. (B) He didn't know that grapes were cheaper than cherries. (C) He bought grapes because they were cheaper than cherries. (D) He didn't buy either grapes or cherries because of the price.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION POST-TEST

I 15

j E m E m E m E m ý m ý m ý m Part B D ire ctio n s: In this part of the test, you will hear longer conversations. After each conversation, you will hear several questions. The conversations and questions will not be repeated. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number o f the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Remember, you are not allowed to take notes or write in your test book.

31. (A) (B) (C) (D)

Attend a football game alone. Go to a sporting event. Eat in the cafeteria and study. See a play.

32. (A) It’s the final game of the season. (B) It's better than the drama departments play. (C) It’s a very important game. (D) It’s close to the cafeteria.

35. (A) Trash orbiting Earth. (B) A trip by an astronaut to the Moon. (C) The overabundance of garbage on Earth. (D) Becoming space scientists. 36. (A) (B) (C) (D)

From a lecture. In a magazine article. In a book. On a television program. 17,000 pounds. 3,000 tons. 3,000 pounds. 300 tons.

33. (A) (B) (C) (D)

A play. A game. A study group meeting. Dinner in the cafeteria.

37. (A) (B) (C) (D)

34. (A) (B) (C) (D)

Saturday night. After dinner in the cafeteria. Sunday afternoon. Maybe next weekend.

38. (A) She will be able to travel in space. (B) The problem will take care of itself. (C) Scientists will find solutions to the problem. (D) The junk will fall to Earth.

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LISTENING COMPREHENSION POST-TEST

TOEFL® test directions and form at are reprinted by perm ission of ETS, the copyright owner. However, all exam ples an d test questions are provided by Pearson Education, Inc.

i D l D l D l D l D l D l D l Part C D ire ctio n s: In this part of the test, you will hear several talks. After each talk, you will hear some questions. The talks and questions will not be repeated. After you hear a question, you will read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. H e re is a n ex am p le. O n th e re c o rd in g , yo u w ill h e ar: ( n a rr a to r ) (m an )

Listen to an instructor talk to his class about painting. Artist Grant Wood was a guiding force in the school o f painting know n as American regionalist, a style reflecting the distinctive characteristics o f art from rural areas o f the United States. Wood began drawing animals on the family farm at the age o f three, and w hen he was thirty-eight one o f his paintings received a remarkable a m o u n t o f public notice an d acclaim. This painting, caller. “American Gothic, " is a starkly simple depiction o f a serious couple staring directly cut at the viewer.

Now listen to a sample question. ( n a rr a to r )

Sam p le Answer

What style o f painting is know n as American regionalist?

I n y o u r te s t b o o k , yo u w ill re a d :

(A) (B) (C) (D)

(B)

Art from America s inner cities. Art from the central region of the U.S. Art from various urban areas in the U.S. Art from rural sections of America.

©

The best answer to the question, "What style o f painting is known as American regionalist?” is (D), "Art from rural sections of America.” Therefore, the correct choice is (D). Now listen to another sample question. (n a rr a to r )

Sam p le Answer

What is the nam e o f Wood's m ost successful painting?

I n y o u r te st b o o k , y ou w ill re a d :

(A) (B) (C) (D)

“American Regionalist.” "The Family Farm in Iowa.” "American Gothic." "A Serious Couple.”

• (B)

The best answer to the question, "What is the name of Wood's most successful painting?” is (C), "American Gothic.” Therefore, the correct choice is (C). Remember, you are n o t allowed to take notes or write in your test book.

(w a it) TOEFL® test d irections an d form at are rep rin ted by perm ission of ETS, th e copyright owner. However, all exam ples an d test questions are provided by P earson Education, Inc.

LISTENING COMPREHENSION POST-TEST

I 17

i D l D l D l D l D l D l D l 39. (A) (B) (C) (D)

On the first day of class. In the middle of the semester. At the end o f class. In the final week of the semester.

46. (A) (B) (C) (D)

Preparing for a trip. Writing a report about the weather. Beginning a study of the weather. Buying warm clothes for a trip.

40. (A) (B) (C) (D)

Later today. By Friday o f this week. In two weeks. In three weeks.

47. (A) (B) (C) (D)

Modem American Authors. United States History. American Democracy. Nineteenth-Century American Literature.

41. (A) (B) (C) (D)

Journal and magazine articles. Books from outside the library. Books listed in student journals. Both books and journals.

48. (A) (B) (C) (D)

The death o f Abraham Lincoln. The beauty of American democracy. The raising of plants. The maturity of poetry.

42. (A) (B) (C) (D)

TVvo. Three. Five. Seven.

43. (A) (B) (C) (D)

In winter. In spring. In summer. In fall.

49. (A) It’s a poem about the author. (B) It’s a poem about Abraham Lincoln. (C) It’s a collection of twelve poems that remained unchanged. (D) It’s a volume of poetry that grew with its author.

44. (A)

Seasonable, with warm summers and cold winters. (B) Fairly constant and moderate. (C) Very humid. (D) Extremely hot year-round.

45. (A) (B) (C) (D)

50. (A) “Leaves of Grass." (B) "Song of Myself.” (C) “When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloomed.” (D) “American Democracy."

They come from the southwest. They come most days of the year. They are the hardest during the night. They increase the humidity. This is the end of Section 1. Stop work on Section 1. Turn off the recording.

[ s t o p]

[s t o p]

[s t o p ]

STOP

[s t o p ]

[ s t o pJ

I s t o pJ

W h e n y o u fin ish th e test, y o u m ay d o th e fo llow in g: • T u rn to th e D ia g n o stic C h art o n p a g e s 5 8 3 -5 8 4 , a n d cir cle th e n u m b e rs o f th e q u e s tio n s th a t y o u m issed . • T u rn to S c o r in g I n fo r m a tio n o n p a g e s 5 8 1 -5 8 2 , an d d e te r m in e your T O E FL sc o r e. • T u rn to th e P ro g r ess C hart o n p a g e 5 9 1 , a n d a d d y o u r sc o r e to th e charL

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LISTENING COMPREHENSION POST-TEST