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• Andhika A. Setiyono

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PATTERN

TIME

EVENT

POSITIVE (+)

NOMINAL NOMINAL VERBAL NOMINAL VERBAL

Notes:

+C

S+

 (She/He/It) is smart.  I am a student of MAWAR.  (They/We/You) are in Gondanrojo (today).

S+

 (They/We/I/You) play football (on Sunday).  (She/He/It) goes to school (on Monday morning). S+

INTERROGATIVE (?)

+ NOT + C

+ S + C + (?)  Is (she/he/it) smart?  Am I a student of MAWAR?  Are (they/we/you) in Gondanrojo (today)?

 (She/He/It) smart.  I am not a student of MAWAR.  (They/We/You) in Gondanrojo (today).

S + Verb1 (-s/-es) + O/C

+ NOT +

 (They/We/I/You)  (She/He/It)

+ O/C

play football (on Sunday). go to school (on Monday morning).

+C

S+

 (I/She/He/It) was a student of MAWAR (2 years ago).  (They/We/You) were in Gondanrojo (this morning).

PAST FUTURE

SIMPLE (DASAR)

VERBAL

PRESENT

S+

NEGATIVE (-)

 (I/She/He/It)  (They/We/You)

+ S + C + (?)

a student of MAWAR (2 years ago). in Gondanrojo (this morning).

S+

 (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) played football (yesterday).  (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) went to school (on last Monday morning).

 (They/We/I/You/She/He/It)

play football (yesterday).

 (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) morning).

go to school (on last Monday

+

+C

 (I/We) shall be in Gondanrojo (tonight).  (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) will be in Gondanrojo (tonight). S+

+

S+  (I/We)

+C

be in Gondanrojo (tonight).

S+  (I/We)

+ O/C

+ NOT +

 (They/We/I/You/She/He/It)

+ O/C

 (I/We) shall play football (tomorrow).  (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) will play football (tomorrow).

+ NOT +

be in Gondanrojo (tonight).

+ NOT +

+ O/C

play football (tomorrow).

 (They/We/I/You/She/He/It)

+ O/C + (?)

 Do (they/we/I/you) play football (on Sunday)?  Does (she/he/it) go to school (on Monday morning)?

+ NOT + C

S + Verb2 + O/C

S+

+S+

play football (tomorrow).

 Was (I/she/he/it) a student of MAWAR (2 years ago)?  Were (they/we/you) in Gondanrojo (this morning)? +S+

+ O/C + (?)

 Did (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) play football (yesterday)?  Did (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) go to school (on last Monday morning)? +S+

+ C + (?)

 Shall (I/we) be in Gondanrojo (tonight)?  Will (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) be in Gondanrojo (tonight)? +S+

+ O/C + (?)

 Shall (I/we) play football (tomorrow)?  Will (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) play football (tomorrow)?

PATTERN

TIME

EVENT

POSITIVE (+)

PRESENT

NOMINAL

S+

NOMINAL

VERBAL

S+

VERBAL NOMINAL FUTURE

S+

+

S+

+

S+

+C

+

+C

 (I/We) shall be being in Gondanrojo (next month).  (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) will be being in Gondanrojo (next month). +

 (I/She/He/It)

+

+S+

 (They/We/You)

+S+

+ O/C

 (I/We) shall be playing football (2 days later).  (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) will be playing football (2 days later).

+ NOT +

 (I/We)

+

+S+

+C

be being in Gondanrojo (next month).

+ NOT +

be being in Gondanrojo (next

+

+ O/C

be playing football (2 days later).

 (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) later).

+ C + (?)

 Was (I/she/he/it) being angry (yesterday morning)?  Were (they/we/you) being in Gondanrojo (last month)?

+ O/C

playing football (2 days ago).

 (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) month). S+

+S+

going to school (yesterday at 7 a.m.).

 (They/We/You)

 (I/We)

+C

+ NOT +

+ O/C + (?)

 Is (she/he/it) going to school (at this moment)?  Am I playing football (at this time)?  Are (they/we/you) playing football (at this time)?

being in Gondanrojo (last month).

 (I/She/He/It)

S+

+ NOT +

+ C + (?)

 Is (she/he/it) being angry (now)?  Am I being a student (this year)?  Are (they/we/you) being in Gondanrojo (this month)?

+ O/C

being angry (yesterday morning).

S+

 (I/She/He/It) was going to school (yesterday at 7 a.m.).  (They/We/You) were playing football (2 days ago). +

+C

+ NOT +

S+

+ O/C

+

+ NOT +

 (She/He/It) going to school (at this moment).  I am not playing football (at this time).  (They/We/You) playing football (at this time).

 (I/She/He/It) was being angry (yesterday morning).  (They/We/You) were being in Gondanrojo (last month). S+

INTERROGATIVE (?)

 (She/He/It) being angry (now).  I am not being a student (this year).  (They/We/You) being in Gondanrojo (this month).

+ O/C

 (She/He/It) is going to school (at this moment).  I am playing football (at this time).  (They/We/You) are playing football (at this time).

S+ VERBAL

+C

 (She/He/It) is being angry (now).  I am being a student (this year).  (They/We/You) are being in Gondanrojo (this month).

PAST

CONTINUOUS/ PROGRESSIVE (SEDANG)

+

S+

Notes:

NEGATIVE (-)

be playing football (2 days

+ O/C + (?)

 Was (I/she/he/it) going to school (yesterday at 7 a.m.)?  Were (they/we/you) playing football (2 days ago)? +S+

+

+ C + (?)

 Shall (I/we) be being in Gondanrojo (next month)?  Will (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) be being in Gondanrojo (next month)? +S+

+

+ O/C + (?)

 Shall (I/we) be playing football (2 days later)?  Will (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) be playing football (2 days later)?

PATTERN NOMINAL VERBAL

PAST

NOMINAL

VERBAL

TIME PRESENT

EVENT PERFECT (TELAH)

POSITIVE (+) S+

+

NOMINAL VERBAL

FUTURE

+C

S+

 (They/We/I/You) have (already) been in Gondanrojo.  (She/He/It) has (already) been in Gondanrojo. S+

+

 (She/He/It)

+ O/C

S+

+

S+

+

S+

 (She was here after) (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) had (already) played football. * *SPT (after) PPT +

+C

+ O/C

+S+

been in Gondanrojo (before you

+ NOT +

+

+S+ played

+C

 (I/We) shall have been in Gondanrojo (next week) (when vacation is over).*  (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) will have been in Gondanrojo (next week) (when vacation is over).* *PFT (when) SPT *Simple Present di sini bermakna Future

 (I/We) have been in Gondanrojo (next week) (when vacation is over).  (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) have been in Gondanrojo (next week) (when vacation is over).

S+

S+

+

+

+ O/C

 (Tomorrow), (when you come), (I/we) shall have (already) played football.*  (Tomorrow), (when you come), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) will have (already) played football.* *SPT (when) PFT

+ NOT +

+

+ C + (?)

 Had (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) been in Gondanrojo (before you came)?

+ O/C

+NOT+

+ O/C + (?)

 Have (they/we/I/you) (already) played football?  Has (she/he/it) (just) gone to school? +C

 (She was here after) (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) football (yet). S+

+S+

gone to school (yet). + NOT +

+ C + (?)

 Have (they/we/I/you) (already) been in Gondanrojo?  Has (she/he/it) (already) been in Gondanrojo?

played football (yet).

 (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) came).

+ O/C

+

+ NOT +

S+

 (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) had been in Gondanrojo (before you came).* *PPT (before) SPT

+S+

been in Gondanrojo (yet).

 (They/We/I/You)

+C

+C

been in Gondanrojo (yet).

S+

 (She/He/It)

INTERROGATIVE (?)

+ NOT +

 (They/We/I/You)

 (They/We/I/You) have (already) played football.  (She/He/It) has (just) gone to school.

S+

Notes:

NEGATIVE (-)

+O/C

 (Tomorrow), (when you come), (I/we) have played football (yet).  (Tomorrow), (when you come), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) have played football (yet).

+ O/C + (?)

 Had (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) (already) played football (before she was here)?* *biar masuk rumus (after) dirubah dulu menjadi (before) +S+

+

+ C + (?)

 Shall (I/we) have been in Gondanrojo (next week) (when vacation is over)?  Will (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) have been in Gondanrojo (next week) (when vacation is over)?

+S+

+

+O/C + (?)

 (Tomorrow), (when you come), shall (I/we) have (already) played football?  (Tomorrow), (when you come), will (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) have (already) played football?

PATTERN NOMINAL

PAST

NOMINAL

VERBAL

TIME PRESENT

EVENT

S+

VERBAL FUTURE

+

+C

S+

 (They/We/I/You) have been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years).  (She/He/It) has been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years). S+

+

+

+ O/C

 (They/We/I/You) have been playing football (since 2 o’clock).  (She/He/It) has been playing football (since 2 o’clock). S+

+

+

+

+

+ O/C

+ NOT +

+

+ O/C

been playing football (since 2 o’clock). + NOT +

+

 (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) years) (before you came).

+

+ O/C

 (She was here after), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) playing football (since this morning).

S+

S+

+

+

+C

 (I/We) shall have been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years), (next week), (when vacation is over).  (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) will have been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years), (next week), (when vacation is over). +

+

+

+O/C

 (Tomorrow), (when you come), (I/we) shall have been playing football (since 2 o’clock).  (Tomorrow), (when you come), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) will have been playing football (since 2 o’clock).

+NOT+

+

been

+

+C

 (I/We) have been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years), (next week), (when vacation is over).  (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) have been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years), (next week), (when vacation is over). S+

+ NOT +

+

+S+

+

+O/C

 (Tomorrow), (when you come), (I/we) have been playing football (since 2 o’clock).  (Tomorrow), (when you come), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) have been playing football (since 2 o’clock).

+ C + (?)

+

+ O/C + (?)

 Have (they/we/I/you) been playing football (since 2 o’clock)?  Has (she/he/it) been playing football (since 2 o’clock)? +S+

been being in Gondanrojo (for 2

+ NOT +

+

 Have (they/we/I/you) been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years)?  Has (she/he/it) been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years)?

+C

 (She was here after), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) had been playing football (since this morning).* *SPT (after) PPCT +

+S+

been playing football (since 2 o’clock).

 (She/He/It)

S+

+C

been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years).

 (They/We/I/You)

S+

+

been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years).

 (She/He/It) S+

INTERROGATIVE (?)

+ NOT +

 (They/We/I/You)

+C

 (They/We/I/You/She/He/It) had been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years) (before you came).* *PPCT (before) SPT

S+

VERBAL

NEGATIVE (-)

+

S+

NOMINAL

PERFECT CONTINUOUS (SUDAH LAMA)

Notes:

POSITIVE (+)

+

+ C + (?)

 Had (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years) (before you came)?

+S+

+

+ O/C + (?)

 Had (she was here after), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) been playing football (since this morning)?

+S+

+

+

+ C + (?)

 Shall (I/we) have been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years), (next week), (when vacation is over)?  Will (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) have been being in Gondanrojo (for 2 years), (next week), (when vacation is over)? +S+

+

+

+O/C + (?)

 Shall (tomorrow), (when you come), (I/we) have been playing football (since 2 o’clock).  Will (tomorrow), (when you come), (they/we/I/you/she/he/it) have been playing football (since 2 o’clock).