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PRACTICE TEST 5

SECTION TWO

STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION Time –25 minutes (including the reading of the directions for each part)

This section is designed to measure your ability to recognize language that is appropriate for standard written English. There are two types of question in this section, with special directions for each type. Structure Directions: Question 1 – 15 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Fill in the space so that the letter inside the oval cannot be seen. Example 1

Sample Answer

Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes ______ they both emit hold liquids from below the Earth’s surface. (A) due to (B) because (C) in spite of (D) regardless of The sentence should read, “Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes because they both emit hold liquids from below the Earth’s surface.” Therefore, you should choose (B).

Example 2

Sample Answer

During the early period of ocean navigation, ______ any need for sophisticated instruments and techniques. (A) so that hardly (B) when there hardly was (C) hardly was (D) there was hardly The sentence should read, “During the early period of ocean navigation, there was hardly any need for sophisticated instruments and techniques.” Therefore, you should choose (D). Now begin work on the questions. 33

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5. Historical linguists study _______ over time.

1. Fingerprints form an unchangeable signature, and _______ for identification, despite changes in the individual’s appearance or age. (A) (B) (C) (D)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

the use of fingerprint records with the use of fingerprint records when fingerprint records are used fingerprint records can be used

6. Tennis star Chris Evert, who retired from the game after eighteen years, perhaps _______ more than anyone else to make women’s professional tennis a widely respected career.

2. Animals obtain their energy from _______. (A) (B) (C) (D)

eat their food their food to eat the food they eat they eat the food

(A) (B) (C) (D)

3. Liquid water has fewer hydrogen bonds than ice, so more molecules can occupy the same space, making liquid water _______ than ice. (A) (B) (C) (D)

who did has done and doing to do

7. The daytime _______ bright because the Earth’s atmosphere scatters sunlight. (A) (B) (C) (D)

more dense is more dense more than dense as more dense

while sky is has a sky sky is for the sky

8. Edward Hopper’s paintings portray the loneliness and isolation of the individual _______.

4. It is difficult for present-day readers _______ Sister Carrie was withdrawn from circulation at the turn of the century. (A) (B) (C) (D)

languages evolve whether language evolution how languages evolve evolution that languages

(A) (B) (C) (D)

to understand the novel why to understand the novel the novel to understand why to understand why the novel

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is in an urbanized society in society is urbanized who in an urbanized society in an urbanized society

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9. Braille, _______ printing reading materials for use by people who are blind, consists of a system of raised points or dots that are read by touch. (A) (B) (C) (D)

12. Until the eighteenth century, charcoal was _______ used in blast furnaces, as well as in glassmaking, blacksmithing, and metalworking.

is a method of a method of which a method of a method is of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

10. The art of landscape architecture is almost as old _______ of architecture itself. (A) (B) (C) (D)

13. Pure iron cannot be hardened by heating and cooling, as _______, because iron lacks the necessary carbon.

as that that as than that

(A) (B) (C) (D)

11. The development of synthetic fibers after 1940 led to the production of new types of fabrics _______ more durable and easier to care for. (A) (B) (C) (D)

what the chief fuel the chief fuel that the chief fuel was the chief fuel

steel it can can steel with steel can so can steel

14. Rapids and waterfalls, _______ along virtually all Massachusetts waterways, provided power in colonial times for grist and saw mills and later for textile mills.

that they were that were were and were

(A) (B) (C) (D)

common were common which, being common being common, were

15. Airsickness is produced by a disturbance of the inner car, _______ psychogenic factors, such as fear, also play a part. (A) (B) (C) (D)

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in spite of neither nor although

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Written Expression

Directions: In questions 16 – 40, each sentence has four underlined words or phrases. The four underlined parts of the sentences are marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Look at the following examples. Example 1

Sample Answer

Guppies are sometimes call rainbow fish because of A B C the male’s bright colors. D The sentence should read, “Guppies are sometimes called rainbow fish because of the males’ bright colors.” Therefore, you should choose (A). Example 1

Sample Answer

Serving several term in Congress, Shirley Chisholm A B became an important United States politician. C D The sentence should read, “Serving several terms in Congress, Shirley Chisholm became an important United States politician. Therefore, you should choose (B). Now begin work on the questions.

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16. A large collections of materials focused on Louisiana’s history and culture is provided A B C D by the Williams Research Center in New Orleans. 17. Mary Austin’s first book, The Land of Little Rain, a description of desert life in the western A B United States, won she immediate fame in 1903. C D 18. The most abundant phosphate mineral, appetite, includes several type that vary in A B C their content of fluorine, chlorine, or hydroxyl ions. D 19. Having gained a reputation as a daring, intrepid journalist, Nellie Bly became A the first female report assigned to the Eastern front during the First World War. B C D 20. In 1862 Abraham Lincoln signed the Homestead Act, allows settlers 160 acres of free land A B C after they had worked it for five years. D 21. Along with the other physical sciences, meteorology has developed in the past three A B centuries from myth and folklore to rigorous observation, computation, and analyze. C D 22. In 1973 the United States armed forces were placed on an all-volunteer basis for a A B C first time since 1948. D 23. Because lions do not have exceptional speedy, they must rely on the element of surprise A B C for the hunt. D 24. The position of the Earth’s magnetic poles is not constant but shows an appreciable A B C change after year to year. D

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25. Grassland vegetation reduces competition for water among species by concentrates A B C roots at different levels. D 26. Like the giant reptiles, most lineage’s of organisms have eventually become A B extinct; still, some exist that have changed very little in millions of year. C D 27. Demonstrations public are an effective means by which advocacy groups can bring A B inequalities to the attention of local, state, and federal officials. C D 28. Methods used in preparing articles for an encyclopedia differs, depending on A B C the length of the article. D 29. Since the advent of rock music in the 1950’s, the popular music of the United States A B has become a significant musical influence around world. C D 30. Cloud droplets and ice crystals first form on certain types of small particles of A B C dust or another airborne materials. D 31. Male fiddler crabs have huge claws that move back and forth similar violinists move A B their arms when playing the violin. C D 32. Daylight saving time came into useful in the United States in an effort to conserve A B electricity by having business hours correspond to the hours of natural daylight. C D 33. Almost every fruits and vegetables contain riboflavin; the richest sources are leafy A B C green vegetables such as spinach, kale, or turnip greens. D 38

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34. Gold lends itself to the making of decorative articles because of its great resistant A B C D to corrosion and tarnish and its ease of working. 35. Ethics is the branch of philosophy that deals with the values of life in a coherent, A B systematic, and science manner. C D 36. Indiscriminately dumping of waste materials and inadequate sewage treatment are two A B serious causes of environmental pollution. C D 37. The builders of the variety ancient cliff ruins scattered throughout the canyons and mesas A B C of the arid Southwest of the United States are known as the cliff dwellers. D 38. A fragrant plant has tiny sacs that makes and stores the substances that give it A B C D a pleasant odor. 39. Nomadic hunter and gatherer societies have access to only a limited amount of A food in an area and moved on when they have exhausted each locality. B C D 40. Collagen, a strong rubbery protein, supports the ear flaps and the tip of nose in humans. A B C D

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