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• Shoaib Afzal

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Salalah College of Technology

Stages of Language in Child

Prepared by: Hamdah Al- Mahri

This study presents information on the stages of development of language in children. The chart below presents typical language development. There is a wide range of normal development. Most children will not follow the chart to the letter. It is presented so you will know what to expect for a child. Birth Language learning starts at birth. Even new babies are aware of the sounds in the environment. They listen to the speech of those close to them, and startle or cry if there is an unexpected noise. Loud noises wake them, and they become "still" in response to new sounds.

0-3 months Between 0-3 months babies learn to turn to you when you speak, and smile when they hear your voice. In fact, they seem to recognize your familiar voice, and will quieted at the sound of it if they are crying. Tiny babies under three months will also stop their activity and attend closely

to the sound of an unfamiliar voice. They will often respond to comforting tones whether the voice is familiar or not. 4-6 months Then, sometime between 4 to 6 months babies respond to the word "no". They are also responsive to changes in your tone of voice, and to sounds other than speech. For example, they can be fascinated by toys and other objects that make sounds, enjoy music and rhythm, and look in an interested or apprehensive way for the source of all sorts of new sounds such as the toaster, birdsong, the clip-clop of horses' hooves or the whirr of machines. 7-12 months The 7 to 12 months timeframe is exciting and fun as the baby now obviously listens when spoken to, turns and looks at your face when called by name, and discovers the fun of games. 1-2 years Now the child points to pictures in a book when you name them, and can point to a few body parts when asked. He or she can also follow simple commands and understand simple questions. This is a stage in which he or she will want the same story, rhyme or game repeated many times.

2-3 years At this age child will understand two stage commands and understand contrasting concepts or meanings like hot / cold, stop / go, in / on and nice / yuccy. He or she notices sounds like the telephone or doorbell ringing and may point or become excited, get you to answer, or attempt to answer themselves. 3-4 years Three or four year old child understands simple "Who?", "What?" and "Where?" questions and can hear you when you call from another room. This is an age where hearing difficulties may become evident. How to receive language of child It's important to discuss early speech and language development, as well as other developmental concerns. It can be difficult to tell whether a child is just immature in his or her ability to communicate or has a problem that requires professional attention. Before 12 Months It's important for kids this age to be watched for signs that they're using their voices to relate to their environment. Cooing and babbling are early stages of speech development. As babies get older (often around 9 months), they begin to string sounds together, incorporate the different tones of speech, and say words like "mama" and "dada" (without really understanding what those words mean). Before 12 months of age, babies also should be attentive to sound and begin to recognize names of common objects (bottle, binky, etc.). Babies

who watch intently but don't react to sound may be showing signs of hearing loss. By 12 to 15 Months Kids this age should have a wide range of speech sounds in their babbling (like p, b, m, d, or n), begin to imitate and approximate sounds and words modeled by family members, and typically say one or more words (not including "mama" and "dada") spontaneously. Nouns usually come first, like "baby" and "ball." child also should be able to understand and follow simple one-step directions ("Please give me the toy," etc.).

From 18 to 24 Months Though there is a lot of variability, most toddlers are saying about 20 words by 18 months and 50 or more words by the time they turn 2. By age 2, kids are starting to combine two words to make simple sentences, such as "baby crying" or "Daddy big." A 2-year-old should be able to identify common objects (in person and in pictures), points to eyes, ears, or nose when asked, and follow two-step commands ("Please pick up the toy and give it to me," for example). From 2 to 3 Years Parents often see huge gains in their child's speech. The Child's vocabulary should increase (to too many words to count) and he or she should routinely combine three or more words into sentences.

References http://www.slideshare.net/LamaAlbabtain/stages-of-child-languagedevelopment http://childdevelopmentinfo.com/childdevelopment/language_development/ http://www.ling.upenn.edu/courses/Fall_2011/ling001/acquisition.html