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Scientific Exploration and Expeditions Volume One

(c) 2011 M.E. Sharpe, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Scientific Exploration Volume Two and Expeditions A-L

M-W

From the Age of Discovery to the Twenty-First Century Volume One

Neil A. Hamilton

SHARPE REFERENCE Sharpe Reference is an imprint of M.E. Sharpe, Inc. M.E. Sharpe, Inc. 80 Business Park Drive Armonk, NY 10504 © 2010 by M.E. Sharpe, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright holders. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hamilton, Neil A., 1949– Scientific exploration and expeditions: from the age of discovery to the twenty-first century / Neil Hamilton. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-7656-8076-1 (hardcover: alk. paper) 1. Scientific expeditions—History. I. Title. Q115.H167 2011 508—dc22

010012118

Cover Images: Science & Society Picture Library/Getty Images (background map); left to right: David Boyer/National Geographic/Getty Images; NASA/Getty Images; Granger Collection, New York; Thomas J. Abercrombie/National Geographic/Getty Images; Robert Lackenbach/ Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images; Granger Collection, New York (astrolabe). Printed and bound in the United States of America The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z 39.48.1984. (c) 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Publisher: Myron E. Sharpe Vice President and Director of New Product Development: Donna Sanzone Vice President and Production Director: Carmen Chetti Executive Development Editor: Jeff Hacker Project Manager: Laura Brengelman Program Coordinator: Cathleen Prisco Assistant Editor: Alison Morretta Text Design: Patrice Sheridan Cover Design: Jesse Sanchez (c) 2011 M.E. Sharpe, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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