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4 5 6

He left all his money to a woman who/that had never shown him any affection. The reason whytthatlomit he did this has never been fully understood. Her mother, who hated city life, longed to return to the village which/that/omit she grew up in and where she still owned a small plot of land. Is there anyone who's/that's got a car or whose mum or dad could give us a lift?

Writing: Essays

pages 68 and 69

be denied that living alone gives you privacy and independence. There is no one to tell you what to do and you can go in and out when you want. parents

2

a words and expressions which introduce

a contrast

Despite this, however

contrast

&

on the other hand

(This is not) however (the case)

whilst nevertheless

b words and expressions which introduce main points I

the writer,s

The first point to bear in mind is that A further point is that

Finally

I

I

c other useful words and

expressions f-or evidence seems to suggest that

t

writing

essays

Neverlheless, it is my belief that there are more advantages to keeping on living with them. The first point to bear in mind is that it is much cheaper: you may pay some rent to your parents but it is never as expensive as paying a mongage or renting a flat on your own. Related with this is the fact of being able to save money while you live with them, so that one dav it will be easier to buy your flat. A further point is that always your meals are cooked for you, and your washing and ironing can be done too. Ifyou live alone, you do not always eat healthily and you spend a large amount of time doing housework and shopping.

it is tr-ue that living with your parents can put a great strain on your relationship with them, but there are more advantages than disadvantages.

in addition it would be wrong to argue that

Examiner's comnent

it is generally agreed -. . that

Content: The content of the task is -covered.

this is not the case with to conclude

Organization and cohesion: The answer is well organized and there is evidence of use of a range of cohesive devices ('The first point to bear in mind...,, .A

some argue that ,;

3

Disagreeing with a

statement

It cannot

It is simply not the

It is my firm belief that It is true to some extent

I would dispute the claim

that

It is difficult to accept the

be denied that There can be no doubt that

still try to control your life, despite of the fact that you are more than twenty years old, so there is a big advantage to breaking up with them and having your own space.

To conclude,

a recent suwey found that

Agreeing with a statement

Many young p"opl" .u.rnot wait to own their own flat and they move from their parental home as soon as they can, even if it means to live alone. Howeve4 the price of flats is rising greatly and the size of flats is reducing, so is it reaily worth living alone than with your parents?

It cannot

1C

by

Sample answer

case

that that idea that

further point is...'). Accuracy: Reasonably accurate with some grammatica.l errors ('despite of the f'act', 'always your meals are cooke,:! for you') or incorrect choice of vocabulary eising greaili 'breaking up

Range: There is evidence of a good range of vocabularr and tense tsage. ('you may pay some rent to your parefi;s but. ..', '...put a great strain on your relationship').

Register: The register is appropriately formal. Target Reader: Would be clear about the writer,s opiniam and their reasons.

Mark; Band

4

X Review 5

eages 7O and 71

Vocabulary 1 down 2 on 3 on 4 to 5 on ó in 9 up with 10 through

l

254

tI

.

with).

for 7 to g dorm on

Reference and ellipsis 1 old one keeps 2 I hope not 3 and neither/nor is 4 but I do. 5 If so 6 It should be 7 I have already! or I already have! or Ive already done so! 8 love to. 9 should have been, lO he hasnt Use of Engüsh: Open cloze I were 2 would 3 them 4 when 5 Despite ó which 7 without 8 it/this/that 9 What 10 over 11 have 12their 13ro 14 out 15 such

sb

b c d e

works Practice

1

Unit 6 All in the mind? Speaking and reading

2

Page 72

3

2 Gardner would rank them all the same.

Listening l: Multiple matching

Page 73

4

ID 2C 3H 4A 5G óG 7H 8D 9E IOB

Language focus 1: Passives

I

Page 74

the man who is generally regarded as the leader of the movement Polish acquaintance ... Encouragement of National Industry. fatigue and intestinal sickness the management of the plutonium factory where she

5

1

a J.K.Rowling b Claude Monet c Marie Curie d Charles Dar-win e Meryl Streep

Change to passive; agent required. The item was written by Steven Ward, former Olympic athlete and manager of the Crowfield sports centre, which sponsored the event. No change. The second sentence begins with given information:'This development' Change to passive; no agent required. The event could be held in the 2,000-seater Mulberry Hall Function Room in Scarcroft Road. Change to passive; agent required. The sur-vey was car-ried out during the busy pre-Christmas period by first-year students at Holmbush Business College, who designed their own questionnaire as paft of their course work. Change to passive; no agent required. I have recently been promoted to the post of Chief Accounts Clerk, in charge of a staff of five.

2

Vocabulary 1: Intelligence and ability

a

Page 75

She is of course famous for writingihaving written a series o[ books about The stories, which have been translated into b These masterpieces of Impressionism were all painted

at the end of the nineteenth century by the man who isi was generally regarded as the leader of the movement. c He was introduced to her by a Polish acquaintance the study she had been commissioned to do by the Society for the Encouragement of National Industry. d He arrived at Salvador, Brazil, aboard the HMS Beagle f'arrive' here is an intransitive verb. Only transitive verbs f can be used in the passive.l and he was plaguedihe was to be plagued by fatigue and

intestinal sickness

e she should have been awarded an Oscar for her part in Silkwood complaints about radiation sickness are ignored by the management 3

1c(teachers)

2d3b4a

4b

b c d

These masterpieces of Impressionism: passive He: passive

During his travels there he: active (contracted) then

1

a a whizzkid b brainy c I'm a dab hand at painting. d I'm (an) ace at tennis. e I'm hopeless at cooking.

4 a practically b largely c absolutely

Writing: Reviews

Page 76

3

Paragraph 1: Basic information on content of two films, including overall opinion and comment on acting performances. Paragraph 2: Similarities between two films, including further comment on plot and opinion on Russell Crowe's appearance.

Paragraph 3: Differences between two films, including further opinion on Kate Winslet's acting and use of flashback technique. Paragraph 4: Overall strengths of films with personal recommendation.

All paragraphs include the writer's opinion.

passive (was plagued)

e

This dramatic film/whose: passive

255

r i

i i ;L

4

I

Adiectives in text enterlaining afternoon's viewing moving portrayal remarkably convincing very credible (Kate Winslet) to good effect (adverbial phrase) powerful acting visually appealing plausible a definite must-see (noun)

Adjectives in Wordlist Some adjectives are open to interpretation

Positive action-packed, atmospheric, compelling, credible, entertaining, exhilarating, fast-moving, gripping,' impressive, innovative, memorable, moving, powerful,

stunning Negative clichéd, disappointing, excruciating, implausible, overhyped, predictable, sentimental, tedious, unconvincing 5

Both focus on common to both films is the fact that 'Iris'differs from'A Beautiful Mind'in this respect, relying instead on unlike the more linear American film more visually appealing but no less plausible Vocabulary Page 2O6

I resemblance 2 terms 3 lines 4 similarities 5 difference 6 genre

Sample answer The exciting world of spies is beautifully reppresented by James Bond films. In Sean Connery's'Dr No', James Bond fights against a scientist who utilises atomic energy for the motive of diverling rockets and missiles. In Pierce Brosnan's last edition'Die another day', the enemy holds a powerfull weapon, a satellite with a diamond crown that functionates as an enormous laser. Common to both films is the way James Bond saves the world from terrible disasters. Another similarity is the exotic and atractive settings. 'Dr No'takes place in appealling crystal water beaches of Jamaica and'Die another day' moves from picturesque'La Habana' to the very impresive views of Iceland. But the more great similarity of all, made in propurse of course, is that in both films there is a comparable scene of Ursula Andress in the first one and Halle Ber-ry in the second one, which coming out of the water dressed in exactly the same bikini.

What sets one film apart from the other is the gap of time between both of them. Old James Bond was sciovinist and even a bit racist instead pierce Brosnan's Bond treats Halle Berri as an equal and as well behaves it could be said as a perfect gentleman.

It is also noticeable in respect of the

gadgets they use, there is no comparasion between the Giger Counter (to measure radioactivity) used by Sean Connery and the invisible car of Pierce.

Both films are action-packed and compelling, which makes the perfect choice for a divefiing evening's viewing, howeve4 if you prefer a visually appealling experience, but I have to say maybe less plausible also, then'Die another day' is the film for you. Bv Donatella Fiore

Examiner's comment Content: The writing successfully addresses the different parts of the question. The task is well fulfilled and certainly analytical rather than merely descriptive. Organization and cohesion: The writing is well organized and introduces similarities and differences in an appropriate and logical manner. There is clever use of paragraphing, each paragraph being clearly about something different. Accuracy: There are a number of mistakes which suggest a lack of control: 'which coming' and 'more great'. Range: There is a range of tense and vocabulary usage, including some impressive language such as 'Common to both films is . ..' . However, this ambition is not always successful 'a diamond crown that functionates as an enonnous laser.' Register: The register is appropriately semi-formal, as befits an arls reüew in a newspaper. It correctly addresses the reader direct\ and gives the personal opinions of the reviewer. Target reader: Would be informed and would consider using the piece in the magazine.

l I

Mark Band 3

256

Use of English: Gapped sentences Page 77

I mind 2 bright 3 slow

C Other passives

with

geú

Practice 1

4 head 5 thought

Reading: Multiple choice

Page 78

3

rc2A3B4D5C6C7B Vocabulary 2z Sleep

Possible ¿rnswers c have had/got this dress/suit d to get lost/to have got lost e would have/get your eyes f of having/getting my nose

g h i j

Page 79

got caught

to get/have the car had/got our house/flat should/ought tol'd better get/have your hair

1

; ilTÍi

Listening 2: Sentence completion

rail asleep, doze off

Pqge 81

2

A

I

2

I1778 2 deafness 3 tubs of water 4 surgeon 5 switch off ó magical symbols 7 lose weight 8 psychological

good 2 soundly 3 deep 4 fast

B 1

rough 2 wide 3 sleepless 4light

Language focus 2: Passives 2

Review 6

A Reporting verbs 2

a b c d e

The Prime Minister is expected to announce his

resignation later today. The 2Z-year-old striker is understood to be considering a move to a Spanish club. The band are rumoured to have sacked their (or is mmoured to have sacked its) lead guitarist. He was alleged to have been selling stolen goods. She is reporled to have been paid over f2 million for her part in the film.

B Hat¡elGet something doru 1

a b c

Pages 82 and 83

Page 8o

We're painting the house at the weekend. We're doing it ourselves. We're having the house painted at the weekend:Í We're paying someone to do it for us. We're getting the house painted at the weekend. We're paying someone to do it for us. (slightly more

informal than b) 2 a I had my watch repaired last week. Someone repaired my watch because I asked/paid them to. b I had my watch stolen last week. Someone stole my watch. I did not ask them /o/ This use of the structure is for unpleasant events (usually) over which the subject has no control.

Use of English: Word formation I infections 2 unfortunately 3 parlicipants 4 analysis 5 spatial ó visualizing 7 disorganized 8 comparison 9 fictional 10 systematically

Vocabulary I poor 2 strong 3 gift 4 bright 5 promising 6 get 7 badly 8 fast 9 sets 1O choose Use of English: Key word transformations

I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

to be fully assessed taken aback when he was/at being/by being thought to have made house done up being taken for granted has been put off fewerl less than six people are required be weak at speaking

Ready

for

Use

of English

Part 3: Word formation

Pages 84 and 85

1

I definition

2 emotional 3 variety 4 psychological 5 beliefs ó theoretically 7 tolerance 8 unbearable 9 length l0 accompanies

2

I 2 3 4

definition is a noun. emotional is an adjective. variety is a noun. There is a spelling change: -y at the end o[ vary becomes an l. psychological is an adjective.

257

r

beliefs is a noun in the plural form. theoretically is an adverb. tolerance is a noun.

5

6 7 8

unbearable is an adjective. The prefix ¡.¿n- makes negative.

it

length is a noun. There is a spelling change: o in long becomes an e in length. lO accompanles is a verb. It has the pr:efix ac-.

4 1 entitled 2 halved 3 finding 4 enthusiasts 5 experlise 6 threatens 7 perception 8 diversity 9 establishment/establishing 1 0 unavoidable

Part 4: Gapped sentences 1 ahead 2

aim

3 figure 4 open 5

Pages 85 and 86

will

Page 87

Help questions speak / gerund / in

gerund / do it's not a surprise / noun past / take speech / on - of stop + gerund / make wish + had + past participle I pay I to todayt / adverb / comparative forms of adjectives and adverbs, more and less, verbs

I speaking/talking about herself in 2 losing (some/a little) weight would/will do 3 as no surprise 4 have taken more care in/while/when 5 a speech on behalf of 6 until it stops/has stopped making 7 I had paid more/greater attention to 8 considerably better in today's test than

Unit 7 Feeling good

nose

shoulder hip, j1w ribs, thigh glands, lips, feet

B Phrasal verbs I carrying out 2 set up 3 got round 4 taken back 5 ease off 6 put down

Use of English: Multiple-choice cloze Page 91 2

I A2C 3C 4A 5D óD 7A 8A 9C 10B IIC

12C

0 1 2

fall ill

come out in a painful rash a mild fever be diagnosed as having + illness (eg shingles) 3 the doctor prescribed + medicine etc 4 relieve the pain

5 8

medical consultation medical complaint 10 contract + disease (eg malaria) basic medical facilities 12 serious illness

Speaking 1: Collaborative task

page 92

Useful language 'l a utterly b elementary

2 a significant implies a much greater effect than in the case of the other three. Preposition'. on b reasonably suggests that it is less effective than in the case of the other three. Preposilion: in

3

r

Reading: Multiple choice

ankle, wrist

Self help box

Part 5: Key word transformations

I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

2 3 4 5 6

apay, to b take, ofPase 88

Listening: Multiple choice

Page 93

2 2

Text A matches with picture 3 Text B with picture 1

IC2A3A4D5B6D

Text C with picture 2

Language focus: Reported speech

3

1A2B3C4C5BóD

Page 94 A Direct and reported speech

Vocabulary: Health

Page 9o

A Health problems 1a

I

chronic 2 pressure 3 allergic 4 blinding 5 infections

2a

1 2s8

tooth, bone

1

Tense changes: present perfect in direct speech changes to past perfect in reported speech. Other changes: use of if'when reporting yes/no question; changes to pronouns and possessive adjectives (my to

her); changes to time adverbials (now disappears in the reporled speech version).

]

5 familiarizing/ising 6 outlived 7 validated 8 ensures

2

I 2 3 4

admitted, had sold, pointed out, had given predicted, would be, warned, might be concluded, had to, reminded, didnt/did not, would go announced, intends, stressed, has nolhad not

Writing: Letter

2 A member of the health club is writing to the General Manager, so one would expect the register to be more formal than informal. Howevet you should not go too far: the Manager's letter is semi-forrnal, with its use of bullet points and'Kind regards'. The most important thing is that the register should be consistent throughout the letter.

Note This 'back tense' effect is standard and common, but native speakers sometimes mix past reporling verbs with present following verbs. In I has sold andhas given are also possible - present perfect would suggest this is either recent or new

information.

In

2

will

be is also possible

if the protest

3 appreciative, friendly, polite and constrrrctive.

has not yet taken

place.

In 3 must/have, don't, will go to are also possible if speaker is thinking of the future.

the

Page 96

.

4 purchase of equipment for the gym

*

take on extra

instructors for classes building of a second sauna + extend changing room

B Alternative verb patterns 2

Useful language

IC2B3A4D

1

3 threaten: B recommend: A, C, D persuade: A ask: A, B, D encourage: A demand: B, D offer: B

demand, insist and want would not be in keeping with a polite, fliendly, constructive and apprecíatle Ione; reckon

C Verbs and dependent prepositions

2

would be too informal for this task.

1 2 3

I for 2 on 3 of 4 against 5 to Practice 3

suited (suitable would be possible)

short complete

Sample answer

Possible answers Answers may include the following main ideas:

Dear Mr Roberls,

The man claimed that 50o/o of smokers would die of a smoking-related illness. The woman claimed that passive smoking was not a risk. The woman pointed out that smokers tended not to eat a lot of fresh fruit and vegetables, and that this could also

The reason of this letter is to present my opinions about the changes to the club that the management proposed and also to propose additional changes.

cause lung cancer.

Word formation: Verbs

Page 95r

be nice to have a second sauna. However, I should point out that this improvement is not what the club is in the greatest need of. More useful maybe to extend the area dedicated to changing facilities, provided they are big enough to fit everyone in.

It could

1

1 2 3 4 5

if you purchase some extra equipment for the Gym, it is not essential and would take up more space than the one currently available. So I suggest hiring more instructors so a greater variety of classes can be offered to the members.

To begin with,

classify exemplifi, simplify identify generalize/ise differentiate +alifu captivate evaluate assassinate characterize stabilize familiarize dominate computerize strengthen sadden enrich deafen heighten enlarge widen ensure endanger encourage

2 reappear, disappear

reread, misread renumbe4 outnumber reload, overload, unload rehea4 overhea4 mishear reuse, overuse, misuse (disused and unused

Finally, for improving the snack baq I believe that buying a second microwave and some other cooking facilities would allow people to enjoy a wide range of dishes. The acquisition of a wide screen TV makes for a cost I feel to be not afordable.

I

- both adjectives)

3 1 evaluated 2 deafening 3 disqualified 4 outnumbering

expect the proposals to be useful for you when you make the final desicion and look forward to know what do you think for them.

Yours sincerely, Olaf Johansson

259

l

Examiner's comment Content: The writing addresses the main points successfully. Organization and cohesion: At paragraph level the letter is well organized and coherent - the various pieces of information from the different input texts have been cleverly combined. Some sentences and phrases, howeve¡, read somewhat awkwardly eg'a cost I feel to be not afordable'.

Mark: Band 4

cent/half

easy to remember/memorable

Language focus

pronouns

l: Determiners and

Page 101

I determiner 2 pronoun 3 pronoun 4 pronoun 5 determiner ó deterrniner 7 determiner 3

a

All 2 every 3 Several

a

8 growth 9 immunity 10 memorize/memorise

1 every many 2 another one month 3 no many

Practice 1

1

Health crossword

t

headache 11 rash

12 thigh 13 nose

stomach 3 pain 4 tooth 5

2

4

Use of English: Word formátion 1 tiredness 2 combinations 3 noticeably 4 unwanted 5 purifies 6 sharpens 7 moisturizing/moisturising

Across: 2 complaint 6 footT ankle

1 one respect 2 in another 3 Both want 4 own qtc 5 Man)¡ people ó every musical genre 7 another lype

1

Review 7 lages 98 and 99

I

Soo/olhffy per

in the charls

1

Accuracy: There are minor problems in accuracy eg Tlze reason of this lette4 bok forward to know. Range: There is evidence of a good range of vocabulary and tense usage ('The acquisition of a wide screen TY...', '...is not what the club is in the greatest need of'). Register: The register is generally appropriately formal. Tbrget reader: Would be well informed and clear about what is expected.

Dor,vn:

6 7 8

ill ó fever 8 muscle

10 drug

2 3 4

Every other year or Every two years, each other or one another most of them play, none is very welcoming there's every likelihood, no intention on the other hand, as muct/many as twenty hours

2

Reported speech 1

t

having 2 about 3 need 4 them 5 of

2 Possible ¿rnswers

I

She insisted we go and visit them some time and assured us we would love it there.

2

He apologised/apologized for not phoning earlier and explained that he had been very bgsy. He warned her that it was a very dangerous part of town and urged her not to go there on her own. She recommended he wear gloves on the run the next day, and reminded him to do some warm-up exercises beforehand. He predicted it might rain at the weekend, but promised to take them all to the funfair if it didnt.

3 4 5

Unit 8 This is the modern world Listening l.: Sentence completion Page 100

I 2 3 4 5

260

rationaV (a) rational buyer ar1 object low cost

personality childhood

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

lot, little none every

Either All, any few, most one each

Vocabulary 1: Amount

Page 102

1

1 no limit 2 full refund 3 great deal 4 small discount 5 high cost ó large/high number

2 Possible ¿rnswers 1 The details of a competition. 2 A mail order company explaining the rights of customers who are not satisfied with a product they have ordered A newspaper article about a forthcoming event such as a concert or sporting contest. A shop offering discount to customers who pay in cash rather than by credit card. A company explaining to retailers the reasons for a recent price increase. A warning letter to an employee whose work or behaüour has been the subject of complaint

Use of English: Gapped sentences

Listening 2: Multiple matching

Page 103

2

Page 10e

1D 2A 3H 4C 5B 6D 7C.8F 9G lOB

1

full

1

2 deal 3 cost 4 high 5

limit

Reading: Gapped text

Page 104

Language focus 3: Thlking about the

future

Page 109

,|

2

lC2G3B4F5E6ADnotused

a b

Vocabulary 2

2

Page 106

Verbs formed with up, dovLm, over and under

I 2 ' 3

4 5 " 6

overthrown This is the only use of the word - a governmenVdictator etc. being overlhrown. The meaning is something like'remove foom power'. downsizing Again, this is the only use of the word - when a company reduces the size of its operation, in the interests of cost and efficiency. ovenule This means something like 'use your superior authority to change a decision'- could be anyone in a position of higher authority eg a police inspecto4 a Head Teacher etc. upheld When a decision that has been questioned is confirmed as correct. undertook In this context could mean'promise', but also has the sense of 'made themselves responsible for undergone In this context could mean 'had' but generally means something like'go through an unpleasant process'. downplaying Could also be playing down', meaning something like'make it appear less important than it is'. uprooted This means 'leave a place where you have settled down'.

1,

I'll probably be enjoying I'll have left

I 2

¡3

hope she passes means 'I want her to pass'. expect she'll pass means 'I think she'll pass'.

D

I

No difference D Will you come is a request or invitation. Will you be coming is a polite way of asking about someone's plans. The speaker is suggesting that the other person, the 'you', will already have decided S

whether to come or not. D The parcel should atrive n;'eans it is expected to arrive. The parcel migftt arrive is simply suggesting a possibility. S No difference, although whereas due to refersto only one train, the present simple can be used to refer to the regular daily/weekly serwice. S No difference. Note that these two structures are more common in the pasf: I was about to/on the point of.

7

D She's bound to get the job means 'shet cerlain to get the job'. She's likely to get the

8

D I1¿'s confident of success means 'He thinks he

would eage'tol

2,r 1

2 3 4 5 6

Refusal You could say'It refuses to stafi' or'he refused to move it'. Here wouldn't is simply the past of wonI, so we have present and past refusal. Willingness An unusual tse of will which may surprise students - in this case you can use will with'ff . H4bit This use of would, meaning 'used to', is well known, btwill can be used in the same way. Assumption This is assumption, because the phone rings and the speaker assumes the caller is Mike. Annoying behaviour Would ís used when there is a sense of fi-ustration from the speaker and a feeling of

'How typical!'. Request for advice/instmctions Note that will is not normally used in this case.

3

I car 2 television 3 Nintendo GameBoy 4 telephone (receiver) 5 oven 6 fridge/foeezer

l

will

t

it is his opinion.

¡

I II

He's assured of success means 'He is

Language focus 2: Modal verbs will, amd.

{

job'. succeed' ie

shall

i

job rneans 'she'll probably get the

9

certain to succeed' ie it is the speaker's/other people's opinion. D They're planning on getting mat-ried suggests they are more decided than in the other sentence.

lO D The Goventment is to spend Government will spend'.

means 'The

The Gouernment is expected to spend is less cerlain.

Review 8 tages 110 and 111 Determiners and pronouns

I 8

another 2 other 3 others 4 few 5 little 6 every 7 each all 9 much 10 either

Use of English: Key word transformations I made the most of 2 are second to none 3 be driven/used every other 4 of every single one of/made by every single one of 5 would not/wouldnt keep changing 6 would often compete with one 7 probably have been/got held/caught 8 has no intention of making/has no wist/desire to make

251

.

1l

,l I

tl ll

il

Use of English: Multiple-choice cloze

1B 2C3B 4B 5A 6D 7B 8C 9C 10D llC 12B

Unit 9 Going places Reading: Multiple matching

5 when he took his hat off that I recognized him. ó until I spoke to Jerry that I found out she'd moved. 7 I did was (to) switch it on. 8 he (ever) thinks abóut is his precious car.

Writing: Contributions to brochures Page 112

Page 116

2

3

4E 5 A 68 7 C 8, 9 B & E inanyorder l0D 11 A l2C 13 A t4B 15E

7

1,2 A&D inanyorder 3 C

1

destination 2 walkway 3 picnic 4 views 5 past 6 sands air 8 distance 9life lO countryside

Listening 2: Multiple choice

Vocabulary 1: Doing things alone

page 118

2

Page 114

IA2B3D4A5C6C

1

1

Vocabulary

self-made 2 single-handed 3 self-reliant 4 solitary

2

2z

Anger

Page 119

1

The following words to be crossed out: I with, with, at 2by, on 3 with, by

more informal: blow a fuse, get worked up 2

Listening 1: Sentence completion

I

Page 114

3

2

top (note that this is parlicularly informal) 2 rage 3 outburst 4 steam 5 tantrum

I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

heated 2 irate 3 cross 4 seething 5 berserk

I

wood turner (village) missionary (newly invented) train

Speaking: Long turn

Page 120

Useful language

(society) meeting (ever) package tour

2

middle classes

I

traveller's cheques postal services

5 very

might have 2 may well 3 looks as 4 fair chance likely 6 looks like

Word formation: Alternatives from the same prompt word page 121

Language focus: Creating emphasis Page 115

1

composition, composer

1

a b c

he was a very religious

man

.f

2

this religious streak wasnt until 1845

I 2

2

b this religious streak led him to become a member c 3 a

b c

of

the Temperance Society. He didnt actually think about making a profit foom his idea until 1845. an action or series of actions; a noun the only thing that a prepositional phrase; a momenr in lime

4 5

6

4

I I'd like to know is how old she is. 2 3

4

262

did was (to) start up his own business. was the music (that) I enjoyed most about the film. was in June (that) they got married, not July.

7 8

a timeless (an untimely death/end)

adopted (adoptive is not common in English - it is mainly used in'adoptive parents') deceptive (deceitful is used when talking about people wilfully deceiving others: eg deceitful person, his deceitful attempt to persuade her ... deceptive seems to be used with'things' or rather abstract concepts eg deceptive appearance, deceptive pace) supporting (a supportive foiend/colleague/boss) appreciable (an appreciative audience) identity (identity is about'who you are'and identification is about papers. You show identification to prove your identity) consulting (a consultative committee/role) entries (entrance = a door or the act of coming in - make a spectacular entrance) hardship (hardness is a neutral word - the hardness of a metal)

10 advisory (It is advisable to = a good idea ro) l1 imaginable (an imaginary game/situation) (an imaginative child) 12 respective (a respectable person is considered by society to be good and prope4 a respectful person is one who feels or shows respect)

Review 9

eages 122 and 123 Use of English: Word formation

I

destrrrctive 2 regardless 3 residential 4 composure 5 respectful ó easily 7 inconvenience 8 relating 9 irritable l0 background

change ls happening deny it.

- and not to the few voices that

I: But don't you think that people watching the programme may now decide it's pointless taking steps to save the environment? L: If the media really had that much influence - people would already be behaving in a far more environmentally friendly way. At the end of the day, people are slow to change their habits if there's no immediate effect. Onl), eovernment regulations will stop people using cars so much. or make them rec)tcle ...

Extracl

2

I: Andy, your company Kiss Chocolates was established Vocabulary 1

A

a

good twenty years before you took over. What made you suddenly decide to make a leap into chocolate-making?

Andy: Actually a combination of random events. I was

Anger

2 e fly into a rage 3 a let off steam 4 b throw a tantrum 5 f blow a fuse 6 d go berserk

B Doing things alone 2 f fend for yourself 3 e leave vou to your own devices 4 c keep yourself to vourself 5 d have a mind of your own 6 a go it alone

2

made redundant in 2002, and although I absolutely loved advertising, it was a relief to leave because it meant that all the uncertainty about whether the job would last was gone. At the same time, my wife had just happened to come across the chocolate shop and was buying a gift box when she overheard the owner mention her desire to retire. We both thought the product was excellent - and we both knew there would alwa)'s be a demand for chocolate.

I:

let off steam 2 fend for herself 3 went, berserk 4 keeps himself to himself 5 throws a tantrum

Yes, indeed! And there are probably a lot of people listening who are very envious of you. Whaft the best part of the job for you, Andy?

Use of English: Gapped sentences I spots 2 entry 3 worked 4 rieu, 5 cross

Andy: Well the product is certainly hard to resist! But because people come in to buy the chocolate as a gift - as a token of love or of appreciation for another person

I

- you never

have to face anlrone in a bad mood. Thatt what makes it all so rewarding for me - even more than the prospect of long-term financial security.

Ready

for Listening

Part

Multiple choice page 124

Extract

2

IA2C3C4B5B6A

A: No. Even from the early pages, one has a great sense that all is not going to end weli for the central character. Turin. He ls a hero in the sense that he is a brave, honourable man on a mission, but fate delivers him one cruel blow after another. As events unfold, you can see hou tragedv is inescaoable.

3

Listening script

2.1-2.3

:

(I = Inteniewer, L = Lecture¡, A = Andrew, J =

Jennifer)

Extract I

I: Donald - TV lt programme on global warming

3

J: I have to say that I found The Children of Hurin completely absorbing, far more so than I expected. But itt hardl)¡ uplifting. is it?

has

stirred up a lot of debate in this country Do you think it is in any way irresponsible to present the views of a minority of scientists rvho sav that global warmilg doesn't exist?

L: Well, the first thing anv journalist learns is that yt_ru must have a balanced approach to reporting. That means allowing the public to hear both sides of an argument. At the same time. we know that a real balance does not exist. You wouldn't for example, give as many column inches to the enem)' ouinisq-in a_t¡/Ar The same goes for the global warming debate. Realisticaily - far more atlention is given to the scientific view that climate

J: Now the book is based on various manuscripts that JRR Tolkien never completed before he died. And it's taken his son Christopher thirty years to put them together as a single cohesive story. A: That's right - and overall, he really has produced a thing of beauty. Readers will notice. however. that one passage ma]¡ be written in some kind of ancient English and then the next in a more contemporary manner - as you'd expect in a book pieced together trom manuscripts written over a fifty-year period, and that can be a little distracting. Tolkien's characterization is sometimes underdeveloped but not so this time, as Christopher has given us a hero who we can identifu with ...

263

Part

2z

Sentence completion

I: In what

Page 125

2

I basement 2 Fine Arts Sculpture 3 take measurements 4 newsreader 5 metal 6 sitting/seated 7 five months 8 oil paint 3

6h 7, 8 Theanswerto 7 has been omitted (c). The answer to 8 has been recorded as 2a, d, e 3 a,b 4e, g 5 b the answer to 7 (f).

way?

D: Working in close collaboration with others is an integral part of this bu-siness - thati always been clear to me * but I came to realize that you can't rely on other people to make things work. It's a tough old world and ultimately it's down to you - it's a question of attitude Things onl)¡ happen if you let them - and if you only see gre), skies and gloomlz dalys ahead. that! what ),ou'll get.

I: So the whole thing focused you for your future with Advert Eyes. D: Thatt right, I did a lot of growing up with Trenton.

Part 3: Multiple choice

Page 126

I: Well, tell us how you met each othe6 Sandra.

3 OC

to

Sandra:

leave.

I

reckoned I'd probably be the first to have

.

4 Suggested answers We are only told by Sandra that the company 'weren't

A

making enougft money': she does not comment on her -salann-

B Sandra says 'they were a young, dynamic group' but she does not say she was too old. D She says 'I'd never felt so comfortable working in a team as I did with that group of people'; she does not say 'I never felt comfortable working in a team'.

So when he asked you to join him, you had no hesitation in accepting?

I:

(I = Interviewer; S = Sandra; D = David)

D: Well, it was actually Sandra who asked me. And I was the one who had no hesitation. My colleagues at Trenton had warned me against going into business with a complete unknown - they said it was too much of a gamble. But when I met Sandra, it was like looking into a mirror. Here at last was someone on m)' wavelength. someone who looked at life through the same camera lens. And anyway, I felt it was time to do somethins different, to live a little dangerously.

I:

I: And has it

5

IB2D3B4A5B6C Listening script 2.5

On this weeki 1tt Partnership programme we talk to Sandra Peyton and David Sadlet who together run the successfuI media company Advert Eyes, specializing in the making of TV commercials. Sandra, if I could start with you. What were you doing before you set up in partnership with David and what made you change? S: Well, I was directing - er, drama mosflV - for a small satellite TV company. It was an interesting, experimental time for me - they were a young, dynamic group and seemed to be going places. But these were troubled times for the business in general and they just werent making enough money. An¡,'way, things weren't looking too good for me; as I'd been the last to arrive, I reckoned I'd probably be the first to have to leave.

I: So you jumped before you were pushed, so to speak. S: That's right, and that was a great shame, because I'd never felt so comfortable working in a team as I did with lhat group ol people.

I: David, you had a similar background, didn't you? D: Yes, I'd also made a name for myself directing TV drama, but with the much larger Trenton TV. I left them because they were moving in a different direction to where I wanted to go. But the experience proved invaluable for the future - I can see that now.

264

S: We were introduced at a party by a mutuai friend. I remember I was very wary of David at first. He already had quite a reputation in the business - his past work spoke for itself. And he looked so serious, so apparently indifferent to everything. He mentioned some vague idea he had for setting up a business, something to do with advertising - but that wasn't what struck me most. I iust couldn't get over how animated. how oassionate he became when he talked about - well. everlthing reall)¡. It was difficult not to be carried along by his words.

been? Dangerous, I mean.

D: Anything but. Funnily enough, though, it's turned out that we do have quite a lot of differences, but these have all been to our advantage. Sandra, for example, has much more of a business brain than I do.

I: Is that right,

Sandra?

S: Well, yes, it seems to be a hidden talent of mine. But I've had to learn the hard way. Raising money, for example, was an absolute nightmare - we just couldn't seem to get the finance.

I: That must

have been quite disheartening.

S: Well, no, you can't afford to let things like that get you down. It was no good getting upset about it; throwing a tantrum in a bank managert office is never a good idea - you might need to go back there one day. No, I just couldn't work out what the problem was. given our experience and the way the advertising market was shaping up at the time. We were just a small concern, asking for a small amount of money.

I:-But you obviously got the money. S: Yes, I met an investor who understood what we were about - and then, once we'd made a couple of ads, money was easier to come by.

I: David, how

does, er advertising work compare with TV drama? Is it very different.

D: Well, for a stafi theret more money around than for normal TV work, and that can be very liberating. But the markett understanding of quality may not be the same as yours and you.find your creativity stifled.

our own company, and it may seem a creative business to an outsider. But an advert is not )¡our own baby in the same wa]¡ that a TV drama might be. There are too man)' people who have a sa)¡ in what you do and what goes into the advert.

5

A

in the text.

C D

unreali s tic e xp ect at ions. 6

A

This idea is suggested but then contradicted by 'It's not that we're not willing to ...'. B &D For both of these, the opposite is ttue -'the normal thing migftt be to look at some type of long-tenn growth

for the business, but at the moment we're concentrating on consolidating our position, rather than branching out.'

I:

So what does the future hold for Advert Eyes. What are your plans for the company?

S: Well, we can't really say too much at the moment. It's not that we're not willing to, itt just that we're not entirel]¡ certain how things will work out ourselves.

D: That's right. The normal thing might be to look at some type of long-term growth for the business, but at the moment we're concentrating on consolidating our position, rather than branching out. Who knows what the future will bring?

I:

Sandra, David, the very best of luck for the future. There we must leave it. Thank you. S and D: Thank you.

6

I

A C D

This idea comes up but is denied in'but I came to realize that you canl rely on other people to make things wor*'. This is a misintetpretation of 'It's a tougft old world'. This is not the point being made. The opposite is true - 'Working in close collaboration with others .-.'.

The opposite is true. He finds the large amounts of money available a positive point. The point made about the clients is that they get too

involved and sti'fle his creativity, not that they have

Yes, it's

S: Yes, I'd go along with that, although for me, running a business can be incredibly creative.

This is a likely idea given the context, but is not present

Part 4: Multiple matching

Page 127

2

IC 2D 3A 4G 5F 6E 7H 8B 9D

TOG

3

Listenine script 2.6-2.10 Speaker

I

I could barel)' string two

sentences together when

I first

arrived. and now I'm reasonabl)¡ fluent. In that sense. then, I've achieved what I set out to do - just by being here and mixing with the locals. I ve met some great people since I got here, especially the family I'm living with. But there's a big downside to all this. I decided to come here on my year out because it's so different to all the other places I could have gone to. Plus it seemed so exciting when I came here two years ago. Howeve¡, that was on holiday and I realize now that living here is actually rather dull. I reall)' wish I'd gone somewhere on the mainland now - my girlfriend's having a great time I

here.

2

A

Davidb 'reputation in the business'was undoubted, but it was not that which impressed her.

B C

Definitely not - he looked serious and indffirent. No, these were vague and didnT strike her.

3

A C D

His colleagues wamed him that it would be a risk, but there's no reference to him enjoying risks. We don't know this; we are only totd she was a complete unknown. Again we don't know this; we are only told she has a good business brain.

4

B C

The idea of being depressed is there, but what Sandra is sq)ing is that theres no point in getting depressed. She then goes on to make the same point about being angry.

D

Sandra says 'We were just cL small concetrL ...'. Concerut here is nothing to do with worrying; it's a noun meaning'enterprise' or'business'.

Speaker 2 My father studied here as a young man, so I knew quite a lot about the country before I came. And when the head of m)¡ companlr's overseas operations told me our branch here wasn't doing too well. and would I please go and sort things out, I was very happvla aee€pt. My husband came out shoftly after I did and like me, immediately fell in love with the place. The pace of life suits us to a tee and the food is just out of this world. Ultimatel)¡, though. we're home birds and when this posting's over we'll want to go back to be nearer our grandchildren - if we ever have any, that isl Speaker 3 I was working in the dullest job you can imagine - nine to five every day on the compute4 answering customers' email queries. But it was thanks to that job that I got to know Patti, who was over on a work exchange programme in another depadment. She only stayed for three months, though, so after that nearly all our contact was by email. Of course. you can't keep something going

265

i

like that indefinitelL so I took the plunge and moved out here. Life is fine - despite the overcast skies and regular downpours! I have to admit. though. it does get me down sometimes. I'd like to get back home more often, but it's just too far. Speaker 4 I onlv wish I'd made the break earlier. It's so vibrant in lhis pan ol Ihe world - there's so much more going on. I think if I was still back home, I'd be so depressed, what with the cuffent climate there and so on. The fact is I was in a bit of a rut. I was sick of the same old thing. da), in. da)¡ out and I thought. 'There's got to be more to life than this'. So I looked into the price of property in different parts of southern Europe, and this area was one of the cheapest. It didnt take me long to settle in - the lanquage isnt much of a problem and I've even got myself a little part-time job. Keeps me out of trouble! Speaker 5 A few years ago I set up in business with a friend of mine. Then I decided to go it alone and bought out my partner's share. Unfortunately, before long, things started to go wrong and I was up to mlr e)'es in debt. Call it cowardice. but I just couldnt deal with it and I moved out here. It got me out of a mess, but I cant say I'm having the time of my life. I know a lot of different people here, but I iust dont seem to fit in with them. We share the same language - more or less - but we're worlds apart in most other respects. One thing's for sure - if ever I do go back to face the music, it'll be for good.

4 7 Speaker 2: we'll want to be nearer our grandchildren 8 Speaker 3: I'd like to get back home more often 9 Speaker 4: I'd be so depressed, what with the cunent climate there 10 Speaker 5: If ever I do go back to face the music, it'll be for good

Vocabulary 1: Describing rooms and houses Page 128 1

I c cheerful 2 e aíry 3 a tidy 4 b dingy 5 d cosy 6 f cluttered 2

lit

b furnished c decorated d built e situated

Use of English:

l:

Open Cloze

3

I

page t2e

to (The verb'suggest'would need to be in the third person singular form for a relative pronoun to be possible.) are

2 3is 4 without 5 how 6 for 1no 8 out 9 from

10 some (Only a determiner is possible here as there is no definite or indefinite article.) 11 lot 12 too 13 may/might/could/can 14 we 15 under

Reading: Multiple choice

Page t3o

3

lc2A3C4D5CóB7D Vocabulary 2: Metaphorical meanings Page 132 2

Land that rolk out or is rolling (adj) has gentle slopes, continuing for some distance. There is of course no real movement, as in the literal sense. A view or landscape that sweeps over an area, stretches over or covers that area in a long, wide curve. The movement of a broom as it sweeps the floor can also be in a long wide curve.

If

Unit 10 House and home

a

cannot do it as thoroughly as they might like.

you are unable to breathe because your throat is blocked. If a ditch, pond, river etc ís choked with weeds, water cannot flow easily because the weeds are blocking it. yow choke,

Literally, fringed means 'containing fringes', threads that hang from a piece of cloth or clothing to decorate it. Hills, lakes or coastlines that are fringed with trees have a strip of trees running around them or along their edge. A sea of mud is a large area of mud. The hean of the countryside is tine central part of it,

furthest away from large towns.

2 Housework is strenuous, boring, repetitive and never-ending. It is also unpaid and women, who still do most of it, often go out to work, which means they

266

3 A Verbs

I

thunders 2 towers 3 sits 4 hugs 5 nestles 6 stretches

B Nouns

I

2-3 I Living within

tide 2 roar 3 stream 4 nightmare 5 eyesore

ó patchwork

2 3

Language focus: Participle clauses Page 133 1

So this man, (who was) living on a labourert wage, clearly believed he was just locked out of the lifestvle.

5

Situated at the back ofthe building, our bedroom has some superb views over the rooftops towards the docks. Clry Played at full volume, it really annoys the neighbours.

Either

2 a

walking distance of the centre, I rarely

use the car. City Cycling in to workihe other day, I saw a deer. Rural area Having never had so much peace and quiet before, we found living here a little strange at first. Rural area

Being a little off the beaten track, our house is not

Having become rather frail and lrrlnerable in recent years, he and his wife were heavily reliant on the good nature of one neighbour ... (line 32) Fleeing from Estonia in 1946, he came to Britain ... (line 53) .

that easy to find. Rural area The children having all left home, we decided to move away from the hustle and bustle. Rural area

Although not known for its tourist attractions, our neighbourhood does have one or two treasures waiting to be discovered. City

Shocked beyond belief by what they saw when they visited the house, these people began to put pressure on the council ... (tine 74) 'That's the good thing about.the country,he says, looking out over the familiar prospect. (line gg)

Use

cloze

3

What has caused the decline in communication between neighbours in Britain? longer hours spent working at the office, together with the Internet and satellite television What has been one of the fficts of this decline? a rise in burglaries and vandalism

participle clause can be given its own subject to avoid ambiguity.

Sentence (b) is more likely. 2 Sentence (a) means that Elisa took over all the manager's responsibilities because the manager was ill. Sentence (b) suggests that because she was ill, Elisa took over all the manager's responsibilities. Sentence (a) is more likely.

Page 134

Dont forget!

As the Grammar reference explains, the subject of a participle clause is usually the same as the subject of the main clause in a sentence. Sentence 2 (a) shows that a

I Sentence (a) suggests that the police were driving home from the pub when they stopped him. Sentence (b) means that the police stopped him as he was driving home from the pub.

of English 1: Multiple-choice

2

IB 2A 3D 4A 5C 68 7C 8D 9C IOA 118128 Listening: Multiple matching page 135 IF 2H 3A 4B 5D 6,F 7G 8H 9A lOD Vocabulary 3: Noise and sound

page 135

1

Practice Possible

¿rnswers

'

2 3 4 5 6

2

I

1

I

a loud unpleasant noise that lasts for a long time

After he won the silver medal in the 100 metres, he went on to take gold in the 200 metres and long jump.

Dont look now, but the woman who is sittingnext to you is wearing shoes which arc made of crocodile skin. If it is drunk in moderation, red wine is thought to protect against coronary disease.

Mr Brown, who was wrapped in a blanket and looked tired after his ordeal, was full of praise for the rescue services. When he reached for the suga4, he knocked over his gTass and spilt wine over her new dress. Because he had never been abroad before, Brian was feeling a little on edge.

2

hushed: very quiet; the other two describe a loud voice_ unmistakable: very easy to recognize; the others describe a sound which is/appears quiet.

loud; the others describe noise which continues for a long time.

excessive: too

3

I

*

off(a gun, bomb or alarm goes offi rustle open (leaves or paper rustle) 3 hoot (car horns hoot) 4 engine (rowdy.describes people and their behaviour) 5 groan (piercing describes high-pitched sounds) 6 ear (ears can be deafened but not deafening: deafening goes

2

silence is used when

f,

it is very noticeable that nothing

was said or done)

267