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IES RAMÓN Y CAJAL

JAVIER PRIETO C.

UNIT 3

Veamos otros ejemplos de contraste entre estos dos tiempos: .1. Santiago Calatrava designed his first bridge in 1983 Santiago Calatrava has designed many bridges. (a lo largo de su carrera) .2. Maradona lived in Italy for many years. (Vivió en Nápoles en los años 80) Maradona has lived in Buenos Aires since 2005. (A día de hoy sigue allí) .3. I once spoke to Michael Jackson. (Ya murió, no podré hablar más con él) I’ve spoken to Madonna. (Puede ser que vuelva a hablar con ella) .4. I wrote three letters this morning. (Ya acabó la mañana) I’ve written two letters this morning. ( En lo que va de mañana)

HAVE GONE (TO) vs. HAVE BEEN (TO) They HAVE GONE TO the cinema (Han ido al cine y aún no han regresado) They HAVE BEEN TO the cinema (Han estado al cine y ya han regresado)

Algunas expresiones de tiempo usadas con el Present Perfect aunque algunas de ellas no son exclusivas de este tiempo son:

... AFFIRMATIVE: . I have known her for six years. /FOR/ indica duración. “La conozco desde hace 6 años” . She has been ill since Monday. /SINCE/ indica desde cuando se inicia una acción. “Está enferma desde el lunes” . We have already eaten our lunch. /ALREADY/ se coloca entre el auxiliar y el participio. Significa “ya”. “Ya hemos almorzado” . I have just sent the letter. /JUST/ ocupa la misma posición que “already”. Significa “acabo de”. “Acabo de enviar la carta” . She has always wanted to travel abroad. /ALWAYS/ ocupa la misma posición que “already”. “Siempre ha querido viajar al extranjero” . He has recently published a book. /RECENTLY/ ocupa la misma posición que “already” y significa “recientemente”. “Ha publicado un libro recientemente” ... QUESTIONS: . Have you ever been to Ireland? /EVER/ se coloca entre sujeto y el participio. Significa “alguna vez”. “¿Has estado alguna vez en Irlanda?”

IES RAMÓN Y CAJAL

JAVIER PRIETO C.

UNIT 3

. How long have you lived here? /HOW LONG/ se coloca al comienzo de la frase y significa“¿cuanto tiempo?”. “¿Cuánto hace que vives aquí?” . Has the train left yet? /YET/ Se coloca al final de la frase y significa confundir con “already”. “¿Ha salido ya el tren?” . Have you seen any films lately? alguna película últimamente?”

“YA”. No

LATELY ocupa normalmente posición final- “¿Has visto

... NEGATIONS: . I haven’t talked to him for ages. “No hablo con él desde hace mucho tiempo” . They haven’t been abroad since 1990. “No han estado en el extranjero desde 1990” . She hasn’t answered my email yet. “No me ha respondido aún al email” . I haven’t seen John lately. “No he visto a John últimamente” . They have never worked abroad /NEVER/ ocupa la misma posición que “already” y significa “nunca”. “Nunca han trabajado en el extranjero”

1.

Fill in with SINCE or FOR: a. ………. ten years b. ………. I was five c. ………. 8 o’clock d. ……… ages

2.

Fill in the gaps with already, yet, ever, never, just, so far, since, how long, always or for. Some of them can be used more than once. A: (1)… have you been in Rome? B: I've been here (2) … last week. What about you? A: I've been here (3) … only three days. Which places have you visited (4) …? B: Well, I've (5) … visited the Vatican Museum twice and I've spent the whole1 morning in the Piazza di Spagna. A: I haven't been to the Vatican (6) … but I intend to. Have you eaten at a traditional restaurant (7) …? B: No, I haven't. But I've (8) … visited the Fontana di Trevi A: Oh yes. I've (9) … wanted to go there and throw a coin2 in the water. Have you (10) … been to Venice?

1

whole: entero/a

2

coin: moneda

IES RAMÓN Y CAJAL

JAVIER PRIETO C.

UNIT 3

B: No, I have (11) … been there, but I've (12) … arranged to spend two days there before I return home.

3.

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the Present Perfect Simple. a. A: What time does the train leave? B: It ………. (just/leave) b. A: Is the new restaurant good? B: I ………. (not eat) there yet

4.

Fill in the gaps with HAVE BEEN TO or HAVE GONE TO. a. “Where are Tom and Lucy?”- “They ………. the theatre” b. I don’t live in London. I ………. only ………. there once.

5.

Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present perfect simple. 1

A: I ………. (go) to the new gym yesterday. B: It’s good, isn’t it? I ………. (go) there a few times.

2

A: ……….. (you/write) to Simon lately? B: Yes, I ………. (write) him a letter last week.

3

A: How long ………. (you/be) married? B: Only for six months. I ………. (get) married last December.

4

A: I ……….. (not/see) Sam for a long time. B: Really? I ……….. (see) him yesterday at the library

5

A: Mary ………. (know) Steven for six years. B: When ………… (they/meet)?

6.

Put the verbs in brackets into the PAST SIMPLE or the PRESENT PERFECT. I

A: I ………. (see) this film before. B: Me too, but I love this actor. He ………. (play3) a lot of good roles 4. A: Tom Cruise? I ………. (meet) him, you know. B: Really? When? A.: When I ………. (be) in Los Angeles on holiday.

3

to play: interpretar

4

role: papel, personaje

IES RAMÓN Y CAJAL

II

JAVIER PRIETO C.

UNIT 3

A: Who is that man? B: He’s an artist. He ………. (paint) a lot of beautiful pictures. A: I think Van Gogh ………. (paint) the most beautiful pictures ever. But his life ………. (be) miserable.

III

A: I ………. (just/hear) from an old friend of mine. B: Oh, really? A: Yes. Jim ………. (write) to me. I ………. (get) the letter this morning. B: That’s nice. When ………. (you/first/meet) him? A: He ………. (live) next door to me for three years, but he ………. (move) away last June and I ………. (not/see) him since

7.

Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Simple.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

8.

The Williams sisters ………………………(play) tennis since they were very young. He ……………… always ……………… (enjoy) camping holidays. ……………… you ……………… (feed) the dog yet this morning? My brother ………………never ………………(see) a rainbow. The Andorra football team ………………………(not win) the World Cup. I ………………………………(not finish) my homework yet. Choose the correct time expression.

1.

Have you bought tickets for the basketball game yet / just? 2.

My parents have been to Italy twice but they have ever / never been to Germany. 3. You don’t have to stop at the supermarket. I have yet / already done the shopping. 4.

Be careful, the floor is wet. I have just / never washed it. 5.

Have you yet / ever ridden a horse?

9.

Choose the correct answer.

1.

She has lived in Paris for / since nearly5 a year. 2.

The Los Angeles Lakers have won the NBA championship several times for / since 1947. 3. David Beckham hasn’t played football in Spain for / since July 2007. 4. I’m so hungry. I haven’t eaten anything for / since this morning. 5.

Her parents are angry because she has been on the telephone for / since two hours.

10.

Write the questions for the answers below. Pay attention to the words in capitals.

1.



..............................................................................................

YES, my sister has joined the judo club. 2.



.............................................................................................. NO, the children haven’t gone to bed. 3.



..............................................................................................

The dog has hidden his bone IN THE GARDEN. 5

nearly: casi

IES RAMÓN Y CAJAL

JAVIER PRIETO C.

UNIT 3

4.



..............................................................................................

She has baked A PIE today. 5.



..............................................................................................

MRS GREEN has won the lottery.

11.

Choose the correct answer.

1.

Did they visit / Have they visited their grandparents last week? 2.

My uncle lived / has lived in Canada for eight years and is very happy there. 3. He didn’t check / hasn’t checked his e-mails yet. 4.

When did they finish / have they finished the test? 5.

Irene broke / has broken her leg yesterday. 6.

The twins were / have been ill for a week. I hope they get better6 soon. 7. My brother didn’t have / hasn’t had his lunch yesterday. 8. Where were you / have you been lately?

12.

Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple or Present Perfect Simple. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Mr Smith ……………………………… (never teach) English before. Robert ……………………………… (drive) to London two days ago. ……………… you ……………………… (go) to the football match last week? I ……………………………… (not wash) the dishes yet. ……………… you ever ……………………… (see) such a beautiful car? My friend ……………………………… (already give) his work to the teacher. Nancy ……………………………… (not drink) enough water yesterday. Mrs Black ……………………………… (recently write) a new book.

13.

Answer the questions with the words in brackets and the time expressions below. Make any necessary changes. since • for • never • yet • when • just

1.

When . did you move here? (live / two years)

....

.......................................................................................... 2.

How . long have you had this old piano? (1995)

....

.......................................................................................... 3.

Has . Carl come back from his lunch break? (yes / walk into the room)

....

.......................................................................................... 4.

Have . you ever been skydiving? (no)

....

.......................................................................................... 5.

Have . you emptied 7 the dishwasher 8? (no)

....

.......................................................................................... 6.

When . did you last ride a bicycle? (a child)

....

..........................................................................................

6

To get better: mejorar

7

To empty: vaciar

8

Dishwasher: lavaplatos

IES RAMÓN Y CAJAL

JAVIER PRIETO C.

UNIT 3

14.

Arrange the words in the correct order to form sentences. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Past Simple. 1.

yet . / post9 / arrive / the / not / .

....

.......................................................................................... 2.

yesterday . / car / before / the / the / day / Jeremy / repair /.

....

.......................................................................................... 3.

dog . / yet / walk / you / the / ?

....

.......................................................................................... 4.

be . / such10 / we / long / never / a / trip / on / before / .

....

.......................................................................................... 5.

see . / your / you / grandmother / last / when / ?

....

..........................................................................................

15.

Complete the passage with the verbs below. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Past Simple. turn • see • find • read • look • eat • put • think

1. 

……………………… anyone ……………………… Sunday’s newspaper? I can’t find it anywhere. Tuesday I  2.  ……………………… an article about eating carrots: a teenager 3.  ……………………… many carrots and her skin 4. ……………………… orange. I 5. ……………………… it was suitable for essay. I’m sure I 6.  ……………………… the article on my desk. I 7.  ……………………… all over house, but I 8. ……………………… it yet. What should I do now?

On too my the

16.

Complete the sentences with the verbs below. Use the affirmative or negative form of the Present Perfect Simple or Past Simple. be • have • own • put • eat • send • arrive

1. 2. 3. 4.

Thanks for looking after the dog. He ……………………… such a long walk for ages! Jane and Julian ……………………… this shop since their father died. He ……………………… the key under the mat11 , so we couldn’t get into the house. We ……………………… in a restaurant since we came to live in the area because it’s so expensive. 5. Dave ……………………… the parcel12 last week, but it still ……………………… . I wonder what has happened to it. 6. The children ……………………… happy to go home early from school.

17.

Complete the telephone conversation with the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Past Simple. Sandra:

Hello, Bill? Are you OK? Bill:

No! This is a disaster! I don’t know why I

9

Post: correo

10

Such: tan

11

Mat: alfombra, felpudo

12

Parcel: paquete

1.  ………………………

(agree) to do it. When

IES RAMÓN Y CAJAL

JAVIER PRIETO C.

UNIT 3

Mrs Davis 2. ……………………… (ask) me to babysit13 , I thought it would be easy. But I 3. ……………………… (be) wrong. Sandra: Oh dear! What Bill:

4. ………………………

(happen)?

Well, I 5. ……………………… (try) to put the baby to bed, but he’s still crying. Mrs Davis 6. ……………………… (tell) me to put Jason to bed at 7.00 and Franklin at 8.00 but they 7.  ……………………… (not get) their pyjamas on yet. Those boys 8.  ……………………… (turn) the whole house upside down 14! They aren’t allowed to  watch TV, but they 9.  ……………………… (not turn) it off since I 10.  ……………………… (get) here. 11. I   ……………………… (offer) to read them a story after I 12. ……………………… (give) them popcorn, but that didn’t work. Finally I 13.  ……………………… (warn) them that their parents would be home soon, but they only laughed.

Sandra: 14. ……………………… you ……………………… (study) for tomorrow’s test since you arrived? Bill:

18.

You must be joking! I’ll never babysit again. Complete the sentences with the verbs below. Use the Present Perfect Simple.

play • sleep • wear • break • ring • run 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

19. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

20.

He ……………………… glasses since his eyes were tested 15 last year. He won’t be coming to school this week because he ……………………… his leg. Children ……………………… basketball in this school since 1964. My father ……………………… at least five marathons. The telephone ……………………… 20 times this morning! Wake him up! He ……………………… long enough. Complete the sentences with never, ever, yet, just, since or for. She has ……………… played basketball before. The teachers can’t return the tests because they haven’t checked them ……………… . My parents have lived in London ……………… 10 years. Do you want to buy an MP4? No, I’ve ……………… bought one. They are vegetarians. They haven’t eaten meat ……………… 1985. Have you ……………… held a snake? Choose the correct answer.

1.

The boy won / has won the judo competition yesterday. 2.

When did you return / have you returned from your holiday? 3.

She knew / has known Melissa since they were babies. 4. Mr Smith didn’t sleep / hasn’t slept last night because of the noise. 5. He called me last month but I didn’t hear / haven’t heard from him since. 6. Did you see / Have you seen Penélope Cruz’s latest film yet? 7.

They went / have gone skiing two years ago. 8.

I never ate / have never eaten here before.

13

To babysit: hacer de canguro

14

Upside down: al revés

15

To test: revisar

IES RAMÓN Y CAJAL

JAVIER PRIETO C.

UNIT 3

21.

Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple or Present Perfect Simple. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

I am still looking for my ticket. I ……………………… (not find) it yet. The basketball game ……………………… (finish) an hour ago. ……………… you ever ……………… (see) so many fans at a game? My little brother ……………………… (not drink) anything at all yesterday. I ……………………… (never eat) snails16 before. ……………… you ……………… (do) your homework last week?

22.

Complete the passage with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple or Present Perfect Simple. Sacha Van Loo is a policeman for a special unit in Belgium. But Sacha is not an ordinary policeman. He (1) ……………………… (be) blind since he was born. However, Sacha’s blindness (2) ……………………… (never / stop) him from enjoying a full and successful life. When he was young, his parents (3) ……………………… (teach) him to be independent and as a child he (4) ……………………… (go) to ordinary schools with seeing children. While in school, Sacha (5)  ……………………… (learn) to use his ears instead of his eyes. Now his ears (6)  ……………………… (become) so sensitive that he can hear things that others cannot. So when the Belgian police (7)  ……………………… (open) a special listening unit to help solve crimes in July 2007, Sacha (8) ……………………… (ask) for a job. Sacha uses his special talent to listen to recordings of criminals’ telephone calls and conversations. By doing this, Sacha (9) ……………………… (already / help) the police to catch many criminals. In one case, he (10)  ……………………… (listen) to a criminal talking from inside a car and was able to tell which type of car the man was in!

23.

Rewrite each sentence with the word in brackets. Use the Past Simple or Present Perfect Simple. 1.

The last time my father drove a car was in 2004. (since)



.............................................................................................. 2. She stopped eating sweets two months ago. (for) 3. I haven’t bought a new jacket in two years. (ago)



..............................................................................................

24.

Complete the sentences with the time expressions below.

since • ever • already • for • yet • last month • when • just 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

We’ve been friends ……………………… childhood. Have you ……………………… taken part in a contest17? She hasn’t had time to call me ……………………… . Sandra sold her old car ……………………… and then bought a new one a week later. You can speak to Larry now as he’s ……………………… walked into the room.

16

Snail: caracol

17

Contest: concurso

IES RAMÓN Y CAJAL

JAVIER PRIETO C.

UNIT 3

6. The birds flew away ……………………… I opened the door of their cage18. 7. We’ve ……………………… read Romeo and Juliet so we’re going to read something else. 8. Shelley has played the clarinet ……………………… the last ten years.

25.

Choose the correct answer.

1. Last week, Bob hurt / has hurt his arm playing basketball. He didn’t take part / hasn’t taken part in any games since. 2.

Yesterday, they recorded / have recorded an album in English for the first time. They have produced / produced three albums in French so far. 3. I still didn’t overcome / haven’t overcome19 my fear of heights20, so I haven’t climbed / didn’t climb the mountain yesterday. 4. Debbie travelled / has travelled to Greece last July. She still hasn’t visited / didn’t visit Italy yet. 5.

Have your friends visited / Did your friends visit you recently? I met / have met them on the trip last year. 6. Joanna didn’t answer / hasn’t answered my calls on Tuesday. She avoided21 / has avoided me for over two weeks.

26.

Arrange the words in the correct order to form sentences. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Past Simple. 1.

ice cream / a month / I / for / not eat / .



.......................................................................................................... 2.

your / yet / you / mobile / find / phone / ?



.......................................................................................................... 3.

about / my / not tell / yesterday / the party / sisters / me / .



.......................................................................................................... 4.

the picnic / Sam / food / buy / already / for / .



.......................................................................................................... 5.

year / buy / parents / a computer / his / last / .



..........................................................................................................

27.

Complete the passages with the verbs below. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Past Simple. I bring • not do • leave • lose • want I 1. …………………………… my project. I can’t find it anywhere. I know I 2. …………………………… it home from school yesterday. I think I 3.  …………………………… it on my desk, because I 4.  …………………………… the last page yet. I 5.  …………………………… to finish it last night and hand it in today. II call • come • listen • read • not see 6. ……………………………

many times. We

the man ……………………… to fix the TV yet? We 7. …………………………… him our favourite programme for three days now. However,

8. ……………………………

18

Cage: jaula

19

To overcome: superar

20

Fear of heigts: vértigo

21

To avoid: evitar

IES RAMÓN Y CAJAL

JAVIER PRIETO C.

UNIT 3

Laura 9. …………………………… a book last night and Joe having no TV isn’t such a bad thing after all.

10. ……………………………

to music. Maybe

28.

Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Do not change the original meaning of the sentences. 1.

The last time I saw my cousin was in 2006. (since)



.......................................................................................................... 2.

Tomorrow, the little girl is having her hair cut for the first time. (never)



.......................................................................................................... 3.

Have you got any experience training young athletes? (ever)



..........................................................................................................

29.

Complete the passage with the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Simple or Past Simple. 1. I   …………………………… (just meet) some amazing kids. Even though they 2.  …………………………… (not finish) secondary school yet, they 3. …………………………… (already decide) what they want to be: DJs. Two years ago, a  famous music producer 4.  …………………………… (start) a course to teach some kids22. Since then, many 5. …………………………… (quit23 ), leaving a few serious DJs to continue. When I 6. …………………………… (be) there, I  7. …………………………… (meet) four youngsters. They 8. …………………………… (explain) the course to me and 9. …………………………… (show) me their equipment. They even 10. …………………………… (let) me choose a few songs.

1 2

a. FOR

1. how long

9. always

3

b. SINCE

c. SINCE

2. since

10. ever

3. for

11. never

a. It has just left

4

a. Have gone

5

1. Went / have gone

d. FOR 4. so far

5. just / already

6. yet

7. yet

8. already

12. already

b. I haven’t eaten there yet

b. have been 2. Have you written / I wrote

4. I haven’t seen / I saw

22

Kids: niños

23

To quit: abandonar

3. Have you been married / I got

5. Has known / did they meet?

IES RAMÓN Y CAJAL

JAVIER PRIETO C.

UNIT 3

6 I.

Have seen / has played / have met / was

II. Has painted / painted / was III. I have just heard / has written / I got / did you first meet / lived / moved / haven’t seen

7 1. have

played 2. has … enjoyed 3. Have … fed

8

1.

yet

2.

never

9

1.

for

2.

since

4. has … seen 5. hasn’t won 6. haven’t finished 3.

already

4.

just

5.

ever

3.

since

4.

since

5.

for

10

1.

Has your sister joined the judo club? 2.

Have the children gone to bed? 3.

Where has the dog hidden his bone? 4.

What has she baked today? 5.

Who has won the lottery?

11

1.

Did they visit

5. broke 2.

has lived

6.

have been 3. hasn’t checked 7. didn’t have 4.

did they finish

8.

have you been

12

1. has never taught 5. Have … seen 2.

drove

6.

has already given 3. Did … go 7. didn’t drink 4. haven’t washed 8. has recently written

13

1.I’ve lived here for two years. 2. I’ve had it since 1995.

3.

Yes, he has just walked into the room. 4. No, I’ve never been skydiving. 5. No, I haven’t emptied the dishwasher yet.

6.

I last rode a bicycle when I was a child.

14







1.The post hasn’t arrived yet. 2.

Jeremy repaired the car the day before yesterday. 3.

Have you walked the dog yet? 4.

We have never been on such a long trip before. 5.

When did you last see your grandmother?

15

1.Has … seen 4. turned 7. have looked 2. read 5. thought 8. haven’t found

3.

ate

6.

put

16

1. hasn’t had 4.haven’t eaten 2. have owned5. sent; hasn’t arrived 3. didn’t put 6. were

IES RAMÓN Y CAJAL

JAVIER PRIETO C.

17

1.







agreed

2. asked 3.

was

4.

has happened

5.

tried

6.

told

7. haven’t got

UNIT 3

8.

have turned 9. haven’t turned 10.

got 11.

offered 12.

gave 13.

warned 14. Have … studied

18

1.

has worn

3.

have played

5. has rung 2.

has broken

4.

has run

6. has slept

19

1.

never

2.

yet

3.

for

4.

just

20

1. won 2.

did you return

3.

has known

4. didn’t sleep

21

1. haven’t found 2.

finished

3. Have … seen

5.

since 6.

ever

5. haven’t heard 6.

Have you seen 7.

went 8. have never eaten 4. didn’t drink 5.

have never eaten 6. Did … do

22

1.

has

been

6.

have become 2.

has never stopped

7.

opened 3.

taught

8.

asked 4.

went

9.

has already helped 5.

learnt / learned

10.

listened

23

1. My father hasn’t driven a car since 2004. 2. She has stopped eating sweets for two months. / She hasn’t eaten sweets for two months. 3.

I (last) bought a new jacket two years ago. / The last time I bought a new jacket was two years ago.

24

1 since

2 ever

3 yet

4 last month

7 already 5 just

8 for 6 when

25

1.hurt; hasn’t taken part

2.

recorded; have produced 3. haven’t overcome; didn’t climb 4. travelled; hasn’t visited

5.

Have your friends visited; met 6. didn’t answer; has avoided

26

1. I haven’t eaten ice cream for a month.

2.

Have you found your mobile phone yet? 3. My sisters didn’t tell me about the party yesterday.

4.

Sam has already bought food for the picnic.

5.

His parents bought a computer last year.

27

1. have lost

5. wanted

9. read 2. brought 6. Has … come 10. listened

3.

left

7. have called 4. haven’t done 8. haven’t seen

IES RAMÓN Y CAJAL

JAVIER PRIETO C.

28

1. I haven’t seen my cousin since 2006.

2.

The little girl has never had her hair cut.

3.

Have you ever trained young athletes?

29

1.

have just met

6.

was 2. haven’t finished 7. met

3.

have already decided

8. explained

4.

started

9.

showed

5.

have quit

10.

let

UNIT 3