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Scanned for the first time, July 2012, Lowo Awo Ogbe Ate, "R.G." De Puerto Rico About the Author

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Mr. Cromwell Osamaro lble was bom on 29th September. 1934. He received his elementary and secondary education at Benin City In Edo State. Nigeria between 1941 and 1953. He joined the Colonial Civil Service on 1st February. 1954 where he rose to the rank of Executive officer before proceeding to the United Kingdom for further studies. During his stay In the United Kingdom he studied at the Universities of london and Strathcylde where he obtained the B.Sc. (Hons.) and BA (Hons.) In Economics. respectively.



He retumed to the Nigerian Federal Public Service In September 1963 where he rose to the rank of Permanent Secretary. a position from which he voluntarily retired on 1st April. 1980. Mr.lble Is currently engaged In Private business In lagos and Benin. He Is the Chairman/ Chief Executive of several industrial and commercial companies Including: Efehlltd .• lagos AEG - Nigeria ltd Eurotrade Cement Works (Nigeria) Ltd Odin Biscuits Manufacturing Ltd TRW Investment (Nigeria) Ltd He Is also a member of the Governing council of the University of Benin. Nigeria.

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CONTENTS xl

Preface Introduction

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Chapte11 1.

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The origin of Good and Evil The famous proclamation of Esu The creation of the virtue of Intelligence The paradox of virtue The or1gln of truth and falsehood DldGod make a mistake? The hypo1hetlcallmperatlve of Existence Does God need man to defend His Cause Old God create hell? How man Invented heR antithesis of wealth and death God 'continues to give man a chance to Improve I The reward of Ingratitude God abandons the Earth to Eau The Beginning of strife on Earth Lessons from Orunmlla's observations on human Behvalour Are men truly sympathetic to one another Man created His own God The lm~rfecflons of Human Intellect lnsfltuflonallsatlon ot lflsm Ogbe-Emlko lfa Culutral Society The lndllvlduallty of religion What lnstltutlonallsaflon has done to Religion How religious Institutionalism began with Judaism The technologlco • politic treatise Judaism versus Christianity Effects of lnstltutlonallsaatlon on Christianity The polltlclsatlqn pf the Church The paganlsatlon of Christianity The recourse of the church to philosophy The radicals The attempts of the church to reform Itself Correlation between Church Institutionalisation and strife Institutionalisation of Islam

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1 2 3 3 6 7 9

10 10 11 12 12 15 17

19 19 21 25

27 29 31 32 33 37 38 39 41 44 46 53 53 54

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t· ~ :"·'13. Genesis of instltutlonallsaatlon Jamhat Ahmadiyya (Ahmadis) Epilogue on instiMionallsed religion lfa as a way of life The art of divination according to Orunmila Possession lfa art of divination The cannons of divination In lflsm The use of Kolanut for divination The use of cowries The use of Okpelle for divination The transfiguration of Okpelle Okpelle returns to heaven Transldtlon of Oly~Ekundayo was the young one of the nursing-mother?tlg.wn~~g9,shof. Without .~;;wbftb)g a moment longer. he raced to the palace to 1 t~Jr.tne l