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• Omar Mohamed

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Open Mind WORD LIST

upper intermediate

Unit 11  Through the lens

WORDS AND PHRASES Word / Phrase Part of Speech

Phonetic Spelling

Definition

Sample Sentence

alike

adjective

/əˈlaɪk/

in the same way or in a similar way

She and her mother are very alike in both looks and personality.

background

noun

/ˈbækˌɡraʊnd/

the part of a picture or photo If you look carefully, you can that is behind the main people see a lake in the background. or things in it

defining

adjective

/dɪˈfaɪnɪŋ/

a defining event, quality or feature shows exactly what something or someone is like

The invention of the internet was a defining moment in the history of communication.

digital age

noun

/ˈdɪdʒɪt(ə)l ˌeɪdʒ/

the period of time in which we are now living that is dominated by digital technology and communication, for example the internet, emails, etc

Technology is advancing at a rapid pace in the digital age.

due to

phrase

/ˈdjuː tuː/

because of something

The game was postponed due to bad weather

ephemeral

adjective

/ɪˈfemərəl/

lasting only for a short time

Success in sport is, by its very nature, ephemeral.

family portrait

noun

/ˈfæm(ə)li ˌpɔː(r)trɪt/ a photograph of a family sitting The family portrait showed or standing together Leo and Wilma with their three children and nine grandchildren.

feedback

noun [uncountable]

/ˈfiːdbæk/

comments about how well or badly someone has done something, in order to help them to improve

It’s important to give your employees regular feedback.

foreground

noun

/ˈfɔː(r)ˌɡraʊnd/

the part of a picture or photo that is in front of the main people or things in it

You can see the railway track in the foreground of the picture.

hone

verb

/həʊn/

to make improvements to something

Tennis players practice for hours in order to hone their skills.

image

noun

/ˈɪmɪdʒ/

a photograph of someone or something

Some of her wildlife images have been published in magazines.

in contrast

phrase

/ˌɪn ˈkɒntrɑːst/

used when you are comparing two things or people, to say that the second one is very different from the first

He’s tall and fair-haired; in contrast, his brother is short and dark-haired.

in that

phrase

/ˈɪn ˌðæt/

used for introducing an explanation of something that you have just said, showing in what way it is true

The new system is better in that it provides faster access to the internet.

landscape

noun

/ˈlændˌskeɪp/

a photograph or painting of an Do you prefer taking photos of area of land people or landscapes?

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UPPER INTERMEDIATE

Word / Phrase Part of Speech

Phonetic Spelling

Definition

Sample Sentence

mundane

/mʌnˈdeɪn/

boring

I hate mundane tasks like doing the dishes and vacuuming.

adjective

objectification noun [uncountable]

/əbˌdʒektɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ the process of treating something as if it were just an object when it is not

Feminists have criticised what they see as the objectification of the female body.

out of focus

phrase

/ˌaʊt əv ˈfəʊkəs/

something that is out of focus cannot be seen clearly

The camera must have moved at the last moment and the shot is slightly out of focus.

point of difference

phrase

/ˌpɔɪnt əv ˈdɪfrəns/

a thing that is different about One point of difference is that one thing or person compared the people in Photo A are to another thing or person much more formally dressed than the people in Picture B.

pointless

adjective

/ˈpɔɪntləs/

not having a purpose or use

Some people think that taking selfies is pointless.

portrait

noun

/ˈpɔː(r)trɪt/

a painting, drawing or photograph of someone

I love the portrait of the young woman posing by the motorbike.

pose

verb

/pəʊz/

to sit or stand somewhere so that someone can take a photograph of you

The young woman is posing in front of a motorbike.

reverse a trend phrase

/rɪˈvɜː(r)s ə ˈtrend/

to change the development of a process or situation so that it becomes the opposite of what it was

The company has lost money in recent months so we’re trying to reverse the trend by launching a new advertising campaign.

selfie

noun

/ˈselfi/

a photograph that someone takes of themselves, often using a mobile phone

This is a selfie of me with my favourite tennis player, Rafael Nadal.

self-portrait

noun

/ˌselfˈpɔː(r)trɪt/

a painting that an artist does of Van Gogh’s self-portrait shows himself or herself an old man wearing a straw hat with a bandage around his ear.

similarity

noun

/ˌsɪməˈlærəti/

something that makes one thing seem like another

I saw the similarity between Josh and his brother immediately.

sitter

noun

/ˈsɪtə(r)/

someone who sits in a particular position when an artist paints or photographs them

In Victorian times, the sitter had to stay still for hours while an artist worked on their portrait.

slogan

noun

/ˈsləʊɡən/

a short phrase used to advertise something

We need to think up a catchy slogan for the product.

studio portrait noun

/ˈstjuːdiəʊ ˈpɔː(r)trɪt/ a photograph of a person or group of people taken by a professional photographer in his or her studio

Professional photographers can earn a lot of money doing studio portraits of family groups.

subject

noun

/ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/

a person or thing which is shown in a photograph

The subject of the photo is a young woman in a denim shirt and black trousers.

traditional media

noun [uncountable]

/trəˈdɪʃ(ə)nəl ˈmiːdiə/

Advertising in traditional media methods of communication such as television or books, is no longer enough; you must that existed before the internet also advertise online.

unlike

adjective

/ʌnˈlaɪk/

different from someone or something else

© Macmillan Publishers Limited 2015. This page may be photocopied and used within the class.

It’s an unusual image, unlike anything I’ve seen before.

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Word / Phrase Part of Speech

Phonetic Spelling

Definition

Sample Sentence

whereas

conjunction

/weərˈæz/

used for comparing two things, situations or people, and showing that there is an important difference between them

She’s an extrovert, whereas her husband is shy and reserved.

while

conjunction

/waɪl/

used when comparing two things, situations or people, and showing how they are different

While most people look forward to retirement, some people cannot bear the thought.

© Macmillan Publishers Limited 2015. This page may be photocopied and used within the class.

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UPPER INTERMEDIATE

Useful Expressions Expression

Topic / Category

Sample Sentence

Also, …

Giving and receiving feedback

I thought the report lacked detail. Also, there were one or two spelling errors.

Both are …

Making comparisons

A: Give me your impressions of the two photos. B: Well, both are of beautiful landscapes.

Can you tell us why you decided to …?

Giving and receiving feedback

Can you tell us why you decided to choose this particular subject for your presentation?

Do you think … might be better?

Giving and receiving feedback

Do you think a landscape photo might be better? It would show more of the forest.

Have you thought about …?

Giving and receiving feedback

Have you thought about a social media campaign? That would be better than a poster campaign.

I see your point, and I could change things so that …

Giving and receiving feedback

I see your point, and I could change things so that the campaign is more visual, using the beauty of the local area.

In addition, we liked …

Giving and receiving feedback

She seemed smart and well-dressed. In addition, we liked her positive attitude.

The first/second shows …

Making comparisons

The first photo shows a girl posing by a motorbike, whereas the second shows a mountain landscape.

They are similar in that …

Making comparisons

They are similar in that both are photos of a group of people.

We thought … was a really good idea

Giving and receiving feedback

We all thought that buying a smaller car was a really good idea because it would save us a lot of money.

Yes, I understand, but the reason I did that was …

Giving and receiving feedback

A: I thought the campaign film was a little long. B: Yes, I understand, but the reason I did that was to show people all the attractions the area has to offer.

© Macmillan Publishers Limited 2015. This page may be photocopied and used within the class.

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