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Paul Adrian V. Basilio Subordinators: Common Subordinating Conjunctions Cause as because in order that since so that Concession and Comparison although as as though even though just as though whereas while Condition even if if in case provided that unless Place where wherever Time after as soon as as long as before

once still till until when whenever while Examples and Observations: 

"English has a wide range of subordinate conjunctions: that, if, though, although, because, when, while, after, before, and so forth. . . . They are placed before a completesentence or independent clause to make that clause dependent. This dependent clause now needs to attach to another clause that is independent. Otherwise, a sentencefragment results: *When Doris bought the cake.

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"Most subordinate clauses are signalled by the use of a subordinating conjunction. There are three main types: - simple subordinators consist of one word: although, if, since, that, unless, until, whereas, while, etc. - complex subordinators consist of more than one word: in order that, such that, granted (that), assuming (that), so (that), as long as, insofar as, in case, etc. - correlative subordinators consist of 'pairs' of words which relate two parts of the sentence: as . . . so . . ., scarcely . . . when . . ., if . . . then . . ., etc.

Coordinators Recognize a coordinating conjunction when you see one. And, but, for, nor, or, so, and yet—these are the seven coordinating conjunctions. To remember all seven, you might want to learn one of these acronyms: FANBOYS, YAFNOBS, or FONYBAS.

F = for A = and N = nor B = but O = or Y = yet S = so

Y = yet A = and F = for N = nor O = or B = but S = so

F = for O = or N = nor Y = yet B = but A = and S = so

Coordinating conjunctions connect words, phrases, and clauses. Look at the examples that follow: The bowl of squid eyeball stew is hot and delicious. The squid eyeball stew is so thick that you can eat it with a fork or spoon.

Here are the meanings and some examples of coordinating conjunctions in English: 

     

for: presents a reason ("He is gambling with his health, for he has been smoking far too long.") (though "for" is more commonly used as a preposition) and: presents non-contrasting item(s) or idea(s) ("They gamble, and they smoke.") nor: presents a non-contrasting negative idea ("They don't gamble nor smoke.") but: presents a contrast or exception ("They gamble, but they don't smoke.") or: presents an alternative item or idea ("Every day they gamble or they smoke.") yet: presents a contrast or exception ("They gamble, yet they don't smoke.") so: presents a consequence ("He gambled well last night, so he smoked a cigar to celebrate.")

Correlative conjunctions

Correlative conjunctions are used in pairs, in order to show the relationship between the ideas expressed in different parts of a sentence. For instance, in the following example, the expression either ... or is used to indicate that the ideas expressed in the two clauses represent two alternative choices of action. e.g. Either you should study harder, or you should take a different course. The most commonly used correlative conjunctions are both ... and, either ... or and neither ... nor. In the table below, each pair of correlative conjunctions is accompanied by an example of its use. Note that in the construction if ... then, the word then can usually be omitted. Correlative Conjunctions both ... and He is both intelligent and good-natured. either ... or I will either go for a walk or read a book. neither ... nor He is neither rich nor famous. hardly ... when He had hardly begun to work, when he was interrupted. if ... then If that is true, then what happened is not surprising. no sooner ... than No sooner had I reached the corner, than the bus came. not only ... but alsoShe is not only clever, but also hard-working. rather ... than I would rather go swimming than go to the library. scarcely ... when Scarcely had we left home, when it started to rain. what with ... and What with all her aunts, uncles and cousins, she has many relatives. whether ... or Have you decided whether you will come or not?