• Author / Uploaded
• Danny Vargas

• Categories
• Metafísica de la mente
• Ciencias de la tierra y de la vida
• Neurociencia
• Conceptos psicologicos
• Sicología y ciencia cognitiva

Citation preview

c c

UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE CHILE CARRERA DE PSICOLOGIA

EL ESTRES UNA FORMA DE ADAPTACION AL ESFUERZO

Monografía de Historia de la Psicología

Autor:

Danny Vargas.

Profesor: Pablo García.

Santiago - Chile Sede El Llano Subercaseux Junio, 2010 c

^
c c c c c c

 
 c c  c
cc cc    c
cc cccc c c  c  c cccc  c c  c cccc c   c   c ccc c! c c  c
c c"#c ccc$c  c c!  c c !  c c %& c c
cc ccccc' # c ccccc c' # c cccccccccccccccccccc     c"( c cccccccccccccccccccc'   c
c ) cc cccccccccccccccccccc*&  cc ccccccccccccccccccc c  c   c ccccccccccccccccccc$c  c
c

 c c c'c+ c
cc cccc+ cc cccc+ cc cccc+ cc c  &  c! 
c ccc ccccc,-
 c cccc" c cc cccc!  c c# c.cc /c    c c /c 01 & ( cc ccc c c c c

% 2 c c  c
cc &  c c c  c   c  c2 cc 1c  3
c  1 c  c  c   3 4c -  c c 

 c
c & c   c  c 
5cc



 c   c  c  c   c   c
c c  c c  c  c (  c  c 

 c
c & c   c  c 2 c c
c  c  c   3 c  c  c   c  c   c
c   6 
c c cc7c 2 c c
 c  c 
c c   c 
4c

2 c 8 c  c2 c c
cc  94c 2 c   c cc  1c c & c

  
4c2 c cc 1 4c
c
( c  c2 cc  ( c c c
c

c   4c c#c1c2 c  c 2 c   c c
 c   c
c 2 c 
 c c  c (  c
c  c    c ( c 2 c 
 c   c c    c
c  c 2 c 1 c .c c2 c 
 c   c1  c c
c c  c c c c c2 c   c c 

4cc- c
c
  c .c c   c
c   c2 c
c   ccc c c

LA HISTORIA DEL ESTRES cc  c
cc( c(  
c c 4c2  4c cc ) c::4c c
( c   c c   c
c   c c  
c c 

 c  3 4c   
c 2 c  c 1  & c

 c
c c   c
c c# ;
 c%) c#c 
4c.c  c2 c c  c cc c c( c.c   c 1 c
c c
 c&  c
c
  4c &&
c ) c
 4c . c  c :< 4c
c   c
( c c  c  c    =c c 4c   c
& c c  c
c   c  c  c c 

c   c >
 c .c (    c
c 

 c  
 ?c .c c
c   c c  c
c   c
(  4c  c c   & c >
 c
c  (    ?c   4c  c :@A4c &&c c  c   c c
c 2 c c  c
1c c  
 c .c   c 2 c c  c
3 c c  c
1c  1c 
c  c 


c &   c c c 

c c
c 2 c c  ( .c   c c  c  c c  4c  c  c  

 c  &  c2 cc c
c c

 c
c  3 c> cc c  
c

 c &  c  c c    c   c
?c !  c 0  4c  c :: 4c  c 
c  c  c

c 2 c  c c c  ( . c
c   c
 c  c    c .c  c
  c
c   c  c c 
c .c  c c  c  c  & c
c

(    c2 c  cc

4c&7 c c  c 1 &  c

EL ESTRES c c89cc  c
c ) c:B4c cc ( c7 &  c* c.c


c 
 1 c  c (  & c
c  c   c
c  c
c  1    c c c 1  c# 4c
 c2 cc(  c
c
  c
c c
 c c c  c c

 c  c
c & c 2 c 
 c  c   c  c  c   1 4c c ( c &
c  c  c-  cc 1  4c 
   4cc c  c  cc c
  1 c-  c
c (4c - c
c   c  
 c c c c   1 c  c c
 c  1c  c   c    4c .c
 c 2 c  c   c   c c c  1 c    
c
c  c

c c c
c c   c  4c c

c c   1c
c c   c
c
c
c   c
c &  c"c  
c c.4cc c c  c   c
c &  c   c   c c 2 1 c
c  c 
 c   c c   4c 


c c c 
c 
c  c &7 c   c
c   c c & c  4c 2 c  . cc
 c&  c
c
  4c c =c
c
c   4c
  c .c &    c &7 c c    4c c c c c   c    c
c &  c   c


 c c( 3 cc c c c c      c   c c  c  3 c >

 c 2 c c   c

 3
 c c
 ( ?c  c  c c   c
(  c c
  c 2 c  c   c 1 c   c  c
 c
c c c ( c c & c c>  c2 c 
c ?c c 4c 2 c   ) c c  c 
c
c  c c   4c   c c  c   c
c  c -  4c  
c c  1 
c .c 

c c  c
c   c


  c 
c c


c c  

c 1  c cc
c   c
 c  c
c.c c    c 1c c 
c( c.c  c 
c (&  c   c
c
( c   

c c   c
c   c   c 2 c   . c  c 

c .c  c
 c  c  (  c   & c (   c  c   c     c
cc c  1cc

Síntomas del estrés:cc "( 
c c c   c c 8   c ( & c c  9c .c c
c   c c


  c   & 4c  c  c 



c c   c 

 c 


c
c   c   c ccc 1) De lucha, 2) de huída, 3) de desmayo y 4) de parálisis.  c 

2 c
c  c ( c  c  c 
c  
c  c & c
c  c &  c    =c % 

c "  c
c  
c ;c )  c c
  c ;c " c ;c + & c ;c "  c
c  13 c ;c  c  c > &   ?c 
c ;c     c ;c  1 c  c  c   c  c  c
#c ;c    c
c C(  c
c Cc ;c '  c  c c   c ;c   c    c;c 1c c1  c
c c RELEVANCIA c c  c c   c
 c
  c
c  c 
c (  4c   4c 
 c .c  1  c  c c c2  c2 c  cc c c 

c 

4c c

c c c   c c c 3  c

c cc 4c   4c  4cc D c
c c & c c c  c cc  c 
 4cc c

 c
c c
  c
c c  

 c
c  c    4c  c  c #c   2  5c -# c c 1 cc 1 cc  4c


c c .c c  c



c( c c  c 1# 4c .c cc  c 
4c  c c c 
c
c &    4c2 c 
c
   c c  c
c 
 c  cc c 1  4cc  c
c c  c 1
c c  c
c c2 c
 c
c c   c cc
 c
c c   c
c(  4c

c c c



c   c c
  c  c cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc c cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc

ALGUNOS TIPOS DE ESTRÉS "c  
c c c
  4c- c
c c
c=c cc & c  ccc

&
c2 cc  c


c c

 c&  c 
c c c& c  c
4c   4c  c   c   c ( c c & c  c c c 
 c 2 c &  c  c    c c&
c & cc    ccc  4c2 cc  c


c c 

 c
ccc  c cc ccc  c
c c
 c & 1 c  c  c
c c 3 c 1  c c
c  c   c Estrés Traumático=c8Y






 

 

 
 


 
  

  
Y




 




 


 
  
 
 
   
Y

 

  


 






 


 


  
 

 


































































































>  4c:::?
* .c 

 c  c c 2 c 
 c  c   c
c c 2 c c
 c 

c .c 2 c 
  c
c 2 c  c  # c  c 2 c
c 2 c  c &  c
2 c c  c
c
 4c   c
 c
c c 4c2 c c 2 c  c 

 c  
c  &  c      c  c  c   c c 
 c   c  c 2 c c   c  c  c    c
c (  c
c   c .c  c c
c  c   cc & 

c c c  c  # c c c  
c
c &7 c  c
c 4c  c 2 c c c  c   
c c  c   c
c &  c c c
c
c   c c2 1 c .c c  c   c c 
cc  c c

 c # c c c2 c c 
c c c ' 1 c c c 1c 2 c c c
c c c    c
c    c 2 c c  c
c  c  c   c
c   c 

 c #c  c c c   4c  . c  c
  c  c    c c  c
c  c . c c
cc 
 c
c  c   c
 c

) cc cc c # c c2 cc c c  4c.c c  c  cc 
c  (c   4c c1 c 2 cc
c  c
c.cc 
c c c   c

c  2 c #c  &
c
c  & c   c  . c   

c  
c
1 
 c  c c c ; # cc
c c&  c   =c c?c c  c  c comportamientos diferentesc c  c 2 c   c c
c   c 2 c
 c c
cc4c c2 c2 c
c2 cc c2 c c 
c c c
c  3c
c  4c.c2 c
 c 

c
c  c  c  c  c   cc ?c
ctrastornos del sueñoc2 c   . =c     c .c
 4c 2 c 1 c c  
c
c c   c c c2 c
c  c  c c2 c#c

c
cc
 cc ?ccHipervigilancia:c
c
c  c  ccc  c  3
cc ?c Memorias intrusivas:c c    c   
c
c   c  c   4c   c c   c c  
c 2 c .c   4c c  c 2 c  
c    c  c  2 c
c #  c .c  
c  c2 c c c c c     c  cc $?ccEvitación de situacionesc2 c c c   c cc  c LAS TRES FACES DEL ESTRESc Fase I del Estrés,c c( c
c   c c Ec  =c c( c
  cc  c  c  c
c   c  c c  cFc 
c


c 
c & c 
cc
c

c
 & c   4c c  c  1 c c   c
c c   c# c2 c c  c  c
c   c
c c# c c 1 cc 
c
  cc %&
c. c2 cc c  c c c  3 c71 4c 
4c.c


c  c  c   c c c -  4c c 
 c
c  4c c  # (4c c  
c - &
4c

&   cc FASE II del Estres. Fase de Resistencia o Adaptación: c c ( c
c   c c  
c  c c c
( 
c. c c c &    c
c c c
c c & c c  c    c  
c  c  c ( c 
 c
c  c  1 c  c  c c   c. c2 c c cc( c c (    c
c c&    
c
c c  3  c.c   c c 1

c c ( cc  c cc&  c c  c c

  c
c 2 
c   c  c  c  c .c 
c c  1 & c
c  c  
    c .c   c .c  c  3 c
 c  
c
 c
c 
c   c  c 2 c  
c  c 1 c cc2 1 c
c 37 4c c 
c
 1c1  cc FASE III del Estrés. Fase de agotamiento o la posibilidad del desbordamiento: c -  c   &
c c c &  c  c  c
c  & c
c   c c  c   c cc?c .c   4c?cc c(   c c?c c cc 4cc  1 & c  c   

c
c
  c .c c  c  c    c > c 2 1 ?c &#  c 

c  c

  c 2 c 
c  c   c   c   c   c c  ( c  c (  c
c  (

c  c c
  c c   c .c  
c c 

c  c 1  c

c  .c   c  4c  1 c  c  c   c  c  


4c    c
c  

c .c    4c   1

c
c  
c c c  ( c   4c.c    c    c 

c c c #c   c c c( c  c 2 c c 
cc2 c c 1
c  c 1 c
c   c
1
c c c 1 & 4c   c


cc
c8 c( c c7 c&  c2 c3 c1  cc  94c c c
c c  c c c & 
c2 c c c c
c c
cc
 c c2 c c&
c c  c( & c  c ccccccccccccINVESTIGACIONES RELACIONADAS CON EL ESTRÉSc - El ejercicio intenso en personas no entrenadas, origen de estrés oxidativo: c c( c   c c c c c 
c 
c   c cGc -
 G4c  
c  c 
 c 1c
c -& c .c c 2 c c    c
  c   c c # 4c
 14c   c  c c  (

c  
    c %c  c  c & 
c c  
# c
c 0 2  c .c 0  & c    c
c  c +  
c
c 
 c
c  c D  c
c   c .c (c  c
c*  c H  c
c   4cGuillermo Sáez'  4c 2 c   c  c  c  
c  1c C c + c .c  
Cc & 3
c  c  c

+
 c   c
c
 c% 3
c>+%?ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc> 
4cBBA?c

- Dormir con estrés causa dolor intermitente en el oído:

cc c
  c c
c c c c  c c
c &  c c

c   c  c     c  c
 c .c   c  c 7  c
 c  c c  c &  4c c  c 1 4c c- ) c
 c
c 
c.4c    4c
c 13 cc   c c     c ( c c   c 2 c  
c  c   c  c  c 
 4c c
 c  c   c c  1 c  c  c C    c   
1  C4c   
c c c  c
c c
1  . cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc>D  4cBB:?c c

;cHallan primera evidencia científica de la relación entre cáncer y estrés:c c  &
c ( c 2 c  c   c  c
c c  
 c c ) c 2 c 
 c c c&   c
c  c2 c ( c c c  c c c ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc>!4cBB?c

CONCLUCION c 1&  c .c -&  c
c
 c c
 c c 7 c  c c  
 

c  c   c
(c
c  1 c c  c  1  c c 
 4c c  ( c  c  c  4c  c  & c    4c  c
14c  c c
c  c   c 

 c  1

c 2 c &  c c  c   4c   c c  c c      c
c  c   4c   c  c  4c c   c & c c &7 c  c c
  c c   c. c 4ccc ccc
 c  c  c 
4c. c2 c cc c
c c &
4cc  c  c c  c  c2 c c c  c 1  c

c c

 c 
 cc c  c c  ccc
 ccc  cp
  
  

 cc c c ! c"#$c% !c& !c 'c(c c) !c c(** cpc'   !c c+c c  !c c(**c c,"!c- .c'$c /""$00 ! 0 ! 00(**1*1+1/1  1
 1 "21 1 1 !1 " 1 1#1 3" 31!"4(+56/"c , cc c*c c 7!c c(**5 c    c'   !c c(c c) !c c(**c c,"!c - .c8 !cc!2 $c /""$00 !2 !0/ 0(**50*+00 4 ) !4" 3!4 3!34 " 34!

 4 3" 3/"c &
3c8cc(+c c2 . !c c(** c   
 
c'   !c c(c c) !c c(**c  c,"!c- .c8 !cc&
3c 3$c /""$00
  
3!0(** 0*(0(+0" 4 "4!  1!1 3" 314(*3/"c c