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Lifestyle 4 Student’s Book and Workbook Copyright © 2020 London Education Printed in Mexico ISBN: 978-6-07973-824-9 All rights reserved. No part of these publications may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior consent of the publisher, including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Lifestyle 4 was edited and produced to fit fourth semester according to Bachillerato Tecnológico Disclaimer notice: The links provided in this book do not belong to London Education. Thus, we hold no control over the information that the websites are providing at any given time and we do not represent accuracy of the information provided by third parties (external links). Although this information is compiled with great care and is continuously updated, we assume no liability for it being correct, complete or up to date. Articles bearing the names of authors reflect the opinions of these authors and, unless specifically stated, do not represent the opinions of the publisher. In addition, that reproduction of this book or any material on any of the sites included in this report is not authorized, as material may be the subject of intellectual property rights. Rights are reserved to respective owners and London Education takes no credit for anything shown in those links.

Publisher

José Eduardo Enciso García

Authors

Gloria Moreno Mendoza Jorge Arturo Guzmán Segoviano José Luis Jiménez Hernández Enrique Lugo

Design and Layout Rocío Román Moreno

Digital Layout

Jonathan Manuel Mendoza Rojas

Proofreader

Enrique Lugo Gloria Moreno Mendoza Itzel Gabriela García Valdez Jorge Arturo Guzmán Segoviano

First Print 2020

CEF-B1 Reference

According to the Common European Framework, after completing this book you…

Can read critically, communicate and support their own ideas in an effective way with clear speaking and writing. Are able to communicate in English in simple situations. Consolidate your bases in the English language. Gain confidence to communicate in real situations.

Students foster trust, reduce conflict and increase the level of commitment among English language learners. They also understand and follow instructions, minimize the risk of error and deviation at work or school, settle quickly into the working environment.

Students identify simple facts presented in written text (literal comprehension), they make judgments about the written text’s content (evaluative comprehension) and connect the text to other written passages and situations (inferential comprehension).

Express real-life ideas and situations in speaking, students develop the communicative competence and the procedures that allow obtaining the self-confidence in the English language to interchange ideas.

Express real-life ideas and situations in writing, being these successful and effective, by applying the content seen in the course, students write a short text, where they can express real ideas and situations of the daily life. They can stimulate the writing process as an organized and systematic process.

The students are able to function in an affordable way because they have mastered the basics of English and now have practical language skills for everyday use.

B1

They will use the information and communication technologies with a critical thinking for different purposes. The competence of communication lead to analyze the nature of the language and as a tool for logical thinking.

INDEX PAGE

UNIT 1

LIFESTYLE 4

Lesson 1

Lesson 2

Lesson 3

UNIT 2

Lesson 4

Lesson 1 Lesson 2

DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION My clothes vocabulary Adverbs of manner Going shopping More clothes vocabulary The closet Are you a good student? Irregular adverbs

8 9 10 10 12 14 16 18

Adjective / Adverb Online conversation Activities vocabulary Adverbs of manner

22 24 25 27

Rose and Johnny

30

Scholar vocabulary Education outside school Either, neither, and both Weather vocabulary

34

Both grammar Utensils Vocabulary

40 42

What a party! Vocabulary Rachel and Marie conversation Comparisons School statistics La feria versus six flags Bob and Mike conversation

35 36 39

46 46 47 48 51 54

DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION

60

Theatre vocabulary Interesting Interviews

61 62

Intensifier adverbs

63

The office vocabulary Adverbs Infinitive clauses

64 65 69

Vocabulary

72

Changing the world

73

Verbs with -ing

74

Highschool principal

76

LIFESTYLE 4 Infinitive versus ing verbs

Lesson 2

Lesson 3 Lesson 4

Mary’s Camping Chilhood Clothes and accessories vocabulary Philip and David conversation Comparative forms of adjectives and adverbs Teacher and Jose conversation Superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs Planning a trip to Patzcuaro

84

DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION

94

Symptoms Vocabulary Be able to

95 97

79 82 83

85 87 87

UNIT 3

Lesson 1

76

My favorite person

100

Irene, Karl and Joseph

102

Shopping Vocabulary Gerunds Personality types Gerunds or present participle Luis, Cristina, and the teacher

108 109 110

Movies vocabulary Correlative conjunctions Coordinating conjunctions Two pranksters put upside down their city Linking words to add information

120 121 123

Transport Vocabulary Receptionist and tourist conversation Reason linking words Linking words to give examples Linking words to contrast ideas Linking words to conclude

130

Preliminary English Test (PET) Capacity Of Self Knowledge Transversality Projects  Verb List

112 115

125 126

130 131 133 134 136

PET

Lesson 3

INDEX PAGE

141

148 154 156

UNIT

COMPONENT Communication and interpersonal relationships. Integration of learning communities. Contextualization of learning communities through students’ interests and academic experiences. Reading, writing and oral production as learning sources and ability practice. The importance of reading to writing production. The importance of reading to writing in based argument. The justification of the students’ opinion with an argument. The solid construction of one’s original perspective. Human development Technology. Generation and responsible use of information for learning. Web-based learning. Creation of contents for learning. The use of technology to enhance web based learning.

CONTENT Collaborative work in the classroom as a basis for the integration of the learning community. The importance of language and the role of grammar in it. Argumentative text. The text as a resource information and new ideas. Argumentative writing. Original argumentative writing. Technology impact on human development. Responsible use of information. Learning and innovation. In and from the web. Programming to learn.

SPECIFIC CONTENT Describe actions with the use of adverbs. Compare the characteristics of two objects, people, or situations using correlative words (both, either and neither).

EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOME Communicate with others using certain expressions and adverbs of manner to describe actions which are in a particular context or situation. Make descriptions of objects using correlative words to point out similarities and differences.

DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION

Unscramble the words to form sentences. 1. wearing / is/ She/ a blue sweater. 2. is /person./ He/ a talkative 3. are not/ My classmates/shy. 4. Luke / a black tuxedo. / will wear 5. was / The party/ so entertaining. 6. is / Diana/ a responsible student. 7. a selfish brother. /Aaron/ is 8. for the graduation./ was / His family/ so excited 9. blue jeans./ wearing/ He / was 10. uniform/ green./ His/ is

Complete the sentences with the words from the box. 1. I was traveling

Mexico.

every day

sweater.

2. He was wearing a

delicious

food.

3. My mom cooks 4. My sister

around

trains turtleneck

basketball.

5. The soccer team plays

.

Write a text about your plans after high school (50 words).

8

Lesson 1

warmer

My clothes!

Look at each piece of clothing. Underneath each image use three adjectives to describe them.

Match the vocabulary words with the corresponding image.

1. bracelet 2. dress 3. earrings 4. handbag 5. necklace 6. sunglasses 7. jacket 8. sweater 9. swimsuit 10. scarf

9

Adverbs of manner

Adverbs of manner are used to describe how something happens or in what way the action of the verb is carried out. In most of the cases we change an adjective into an adverb of manner by simply adding —ly at the end of the adjectives.

If the adjectives ends in y, we replace it with an i and add —ly at the end.

When the adjective ends in —ic, we add the syllable —al— before —ly.

When the adjective ends in —le preceded by a consonant, the final —e is changed to —y.

Some adjectives do not change when used as adverbs of manner. They stay the same.

Quick

Quickly

Slow

Slowly

Happy

Happily

Easy

Easily

Drastic

Drastically

Specific

Specifically

Simple

Simply

Gentle

Gently

Fast Hard Late Early

Fast Hard Late Early

Going shopping Listen to the recording about going shopping. Fill the blanks with the words you hear. Emma Every Friday, as soon as I leave school, I run as online as I can to the mall. I just can’t help it! After a whole week of classes and homework, I need to treat myself, spoil me a little. Sometimes this comes in the form of a new One thing is for sure: I don’t leave

or a

. unless I

have at least a couple of bags filled in with clothes.

10

I’m not much of a shopping person, I’m not into clothes

Sarah online

as much as many of my friends. They are changed so whenever they see a cute

.I

have to admit I prefer accessories, are

or

if they . I just can’t get enough

of them!

Mark online

, I hate going shopping, it’s one of those things I just can’t stand. My girlfriend, Emma, loves it too much. She is a shopaholic. I love her so much, so whenever we go to a mall I always end up buying her a a new pair of

if it’s summer, or a

it’s fall. I am

, if

aware I should not buy her so many

things, I just can’t help spoiling her. I

don’t understand why people are so obsessed

John online

with shopping. If you ask me, all you need is a shirt, some jeans, and a

,

a leather jacket,

since they are warmer. If it’s too cold you can wear a underneath, but there’s no way for people to act so

anxious to buy clothes.

Now, answer the following comprehension questions. Remember to write complete sentences. 1. Who is Emma’s boyfriend? 2. Who doesn’t like going shopping? 3. Which type of accessories does Sarah usually buy? 4. Which is the perfect outfit according to John?

5. What does Mark usually buy for her girlfriend?

11

1 Fill the crossword puzzle. Across 1. A warm piece of clothing, usually knitted. 2. An ornamental band or chain worn on the wrist.

2

2

3. Glasses you can wear on the beach. 4. Another name for a woman’s purse. 5. A piece of fabric worn around the neck. 6. Piece of clothing for the upper body. It usually has a front opening, sleeves, and pockets.

1

3

4

3 4 5

Down 1. Ornamental chain to be worn around the neck.

6

2. A one-piece woman’s clothing. 3. Jewelry worn on the ears. 4. Clothing used for swimming.

More clothes!

Match the vocabulary words from the box to their definition. : A piece of jewelry worn on the wrist or the arm. It can be made of a specific metal or even plastic.

: Women’s clothing that is made of one single piece and covers the body down to the legs or knees. : A piece of jewelry used on the ears. It can match with other accessories. : A small bag for money, keys, and other portable

things carried usually by women.

: An ornamental chain, string of beads, or other

material worn around the neck.

: A pair of glasses with dark glass in them in order

to protect the eyes from the sun, usually used only in summer.

Jacket Handbag Sweater Bracelet Sunglasses Dress Swimsuit

: A piece of clothing worn on the top half of the

Scarf Earrings

: A knitted piece of clothing made of wool or

Necklace

body over a shirt or light sweater. Usually worn on cold days. cotton, with long sleeves and no opening in the front.

: A piece of clothing worn for swimming. : A piece of cloth used around the neck for warmth.

12

Unscramble the following adverbs of manner and use them in a sentence. 1. PLIPAHY: 2. WOSLYL: 3. RUNFEETQYL: 4. YUCKLIQ:

5. PEEMOLTYLC: 6. GYLRUSNISRIP: 7. NEGYTL: 8. LYBRETRI: 9. LUFLY:

10. LURYT:

Find the mistake in each sentence and rewrite them correctly on the lines below. 1. I honestly didn’t not think you would cheat on me. 2. Did you really studied for the exam? 3. I am fully aware of of what I did. 4. I trully trusted you, but now I don’t. 5. I completely forget about our date yesterday!

13

Work in teams of three. Each of you will write three adverbs of manner with each of the following letters. Compare your answers with your teammates and then write down all the repeated words.

C

S

R

E

L

Repeated words:

The closet

Who wears the following clothing pieces and accessories? Write the vocabulary words in the box they belong. Share your answers in class and compare the different answers you and your classmates have. bracelet dress

earrings handbag necklace sunglasses swimsuit scarf

MEN

WOMEN

jacket

sweater

BOTH

Fill the blanks by changing the adjectives in parentheses into adverbs of manner. 1.

(Hope), I will arrive on time for class. I can’t arrive late again.

2. I am obsessed with teddy bears! I

(true) love them!

3. I’m going to a baseball game on Friday. (Lucky) I will be able to catch the ball. 4. I was late for school, so I (quick) took a bath and ran to catch the bus. 5. My sister wanted that new sweater so I for her birthday. She doesn’t know it yet. 6. 7. I am

(desperate) bought it

(Scientific) speaking, someone can become addicted to shopping. (simple) in love with Super Cool Band! I love their music so much!

14

8. He kissed me so 9. I was so arrived home.

(gentle). I guess it was his first kiss as well. (terrible) tired after yesterday’s game I fell asleep as soon as I

10. My plans for the future have changed so get into college.

(dramatic) since I didn’t

Unscramble the following words and rewrite the sentences on the lines. 1. wrong / completely / ? / How / so / could / be / I 2. terribly / last / was / sick / I / night. 3. cut / to / are / gently. / a / going / If / it / flower / you / do 4. you / believe / should / harder. / I / simply / work 5. really / for / you / food / you / is / Do / junk / think / good / ? / eating 6. exam / clearly / the / for / You / study / didn’t 7. room / Laura / dramatically. / the / left 8. I’m / another / to / hopefully / country / moving 9. what / completely / trust / say. / I / you 10. on / truly / cheat / you / the / could / Did / you / think / exam?

Write under the pictures an adjective and its corresponding adverb of manner.

Adjective: Adverb of manner:

15

Adjective: Adverb of manner:

The way you are

Read, listen to and answer a test.

Are you a good student?

1. When I have homework… a) I work hard to finish fast. b) I work slowly because I don’t like doing homework. 2. When my teacher asks for help… a) I help him quickly. b) I don’t pay attention. 3. When a classmate throws garbage… a) I pick the garbage up immediately. b) I ignore it! 4. When two classmates argue… a) I talk with them patiently. b) I encourage them! 5. When I go to the library… a) I talk quietly. b) I talk loudly.

Mostly A answers: If your answers are mostly A, you’ are a good student. Your teachers love you! You’re helpful, dedicated, and get great grades. Keep going! You probably like hiking, jogging and camping. Mostly B answers: If your answers are mostly B, you need to think more about school. You probably like video games, comics, and tv series. The school is a place where you can grow and learn new skills. Give more, you won’t regret it, you`ll see!

Match each word with a picture.

1. camping 2. hang out 3. jogging 4. join 5. keen on 6. keep fit

16

Talk to your partner about what you like. How do you study for your exams? Do you play any sports? Which ones? How do you play them? Match each word with a picture

disciplined

museum posters

podcast

restorer

Read and listen to a text. Then, choose the correct option in the sentences below. Magda is interested in classical music and wants to be a professional violin player. She’d like to learn more about the history of music. Lately, she’s been taking violin classes with an incredibly talented musician, who is the principal in a pretty prestigious institution. However, she takes private lessons. Every day, she practices hard before school. She takes her lessons at 6 in the morning. Which proves she is so talented and disciplined. Rocio wants to learn to design video games. For that reason, she takes digital drawing lessons. Her favorite video game is Tetris, which she considers an extremely easy video game. Everybody has played it at least once in his life. Her room is big; on her walls, she has classic black and white film posters. This year she’s been planning to launch her first podcast. Hallet has been taking painting lessons since she was ten. Now, she is working hard in a museum where she enjoys to work because of the building. The museum is incredibly old, and it always has great expositions. Her work is incredibly entertaining; she restores art pieces which she does well because she is talented.

17

1. Magda likes classical music.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

2. Magda has been taking piano lessons.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

3. Magda`s teacher is incredibly talented.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

4. Rocio would like to become a video game designer.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

5. Rocio`s digital drawing lessons are hard.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

6. Tetris is extremely easy.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

7. She collects classic black and white films.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

8. Hallet is planning to study French.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

9. Hallet works hard in a museum.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

10. The museum is incredibly futuristic.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

Read the chart, then unscramble the sentences. 1. speaker / well. / The podcast / entertains 5. works / The restorer / well. 2. every day. / They / fast / work

Irregular adverbs

3. fast. / They / always / run 4. work / in a museum. / We / hard

good

well

late

late

fast

fast

hard

hard

Listen and complete in the spaces with the correct form of adverbs. 1. She works 2. Peter works

to finish fast. because he doesn’t like doing homework.

3. Sonia and her brother speak English

.

4. Arthur teaches French and German 5. Blanca cleans her office

before she starts working.

6. Judy, James and Rudy wait 7. The Clarks travel 8. Miriam drives 9. Rudolf reads

. to their parents.

in their new car to New Mexico. her old Chevrolet. and his English test.

10. Janis and her husband left the country

.

18

Write five sentences about the activities you did last weekend. Use adverbs of manner.

Talk to your partner about the things you do in school, use adverbs of manner.

19

Lesson Project A conversation between a student and a shop assistant For this lesson project, you will write a conversation between a student and a shop assistant using adverbs of manner, then with a classmate, you will practice pronunciation: If you decided to describe an action that someone do or did, make sure to use adverbs of manner. Show the class your conversation and practice it with your classmates. The topic is open, though we recommend you to work with something you are familiar or using easy to follow vocabulary.

Evaluation Rubric Excellent The student identify actions done by someone. The student understands what adverbs are. The student understands what an adverb of manner works. The student uses grammar efficiently. The student uses vocabulary efficiently. Scan this QR with your phone to learn more! https-//cutt.ly/4e6KXOg

Good

In process

Coevaluation In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him. Criteria My partner can work in pairs / groups.

My partner can express himself/herself in in English according to the needed structure and vocabulary. My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/her other partners. My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment Criteria I can remember what adverbs are. I can use vocabulary related to adverbs. I can identify adverbs of manner. I can use adverbs of manner.

Lesson 2

warmer Change the adjective into an adverb.

ADJECTIVE

ADVERB

1. angry 2. happy 3. fast 4. slow 5. bad 6. proper 7. quiet 8. hard 9. careless 10. loud 11. rude

Choose the best option to complete each sentence. (serious). They are disciplined!

1. My friends take hiking very

(fast).

2. My sister started jogging last year. She develops good habits 3. When I get ordered to do something, I always do it 4. To keep fit, Laura trains

(good).

(proper) and goes jogging.

5. Classmates don’t hang out with them because they wear clothing. 6. When my brother runs too 7. She did 8. I need to train

(good) in her camping. She was the leader! (hard), I want to win the competition.

9. Our team’s coach shouts us 10. I always train

(fast), it’s very difficult to reach him.

(loud) when he is angry.

(hard) for marathons.

22

(different)

Read and complete the text. I don’t like modernity! Young generations don’t understand the mysteries of life, plus (rude)! In addition, they are (proper). they never dress The other day, I heard my grandson when he was speaking with his girlfriend; he doesn’t (correct). Which is even speak (sad)! We can’t even take the bus so anymore, young people don’t give their sits (automatic) to elderlies with a cane like me! I miss my times! Now, there are no clubs where gentlemen can join.

What is your opinion about what Grandpa Harry says? Share your opinion in class. Do you agree with him?

I think older generations... I think in people from the past...

Fill the lines with information about you. You will read it in class.

Hello, my name is favorite subject is (hobby). The sport I like the most is my friends is to ,

and I’m years old. I go to (name of your school) school, and my . When I’m not at school I like to , and my favorite thing to do with . Other things I like to do in my free time are , and .

23

Online conversation

Listen to the recording. Fill the blanks with the words you hear. Tom Making exercise isn’t as as most people online think. For example, you can

with your

family or friends. If you find hiking you could try to

boring, , that way you can

exercise while having fun! Remember,

counts

as a sport, so there’s no excuse!

I

hate outdoor activities. I get tired very easily,

Linda online

so most of my hobbies are things I can do at home. I have a coin

, and

the oldest coin

I have is from 1903! I also like

, which I

truly believe is my biggest passion beside from

Suzy online

I

.

hate boring activities! Most of the

things I like are done in groups. my friends and

with are some of the things

I like the most. I adore .

Answer the following comprehension questions. 1. Which activities can you make from home? 2. Who dislikes outdoor activities? 3. Which activities can be made with friends? 4. What board game technically counts as a sport? 5. How old is Suzy’s oldest coin?

24

,

1. Going to the beach

Activities vocabulary

Match the vocabulary words with the corresponding image.

2. Go camping 3. Playing chess 4. Having a collection 5. Painting 6. Go dancing 7. Go shopping 8. Hanging out with friends 9. Playing an instrument 10. Write poetry

Use each vocabulary word from the box in a sentence. You must use an adverb of manner in each. 1. go camping writing poetry playing chess hanging out with friends playing an instrument

2. 3. 4. 5.

25

Find ten words related to the vocabulary in the word search below. Z

S

A

R

Y

C

A

M

P

I N G V

B

G

I

B

S

B

K

C

T

Q

N U P

B E

B

S

Z

N

B

B

O

S

U

P

L

J

A

F

V

H

V

Z

Y

S

P

U

Y

T

T

S L

I

D A

A

X

A

D

Z

T

O M

C

L

X C N P

Z

W

H

F

A

I

H

R

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K

E

O O T

X U

R

A

C

N

D

A

L

U

T

G

I

D A

K

K

H

C

O

N

F

X

M

R

F L N C B

H

F

E

I

C

G

R

S

U

E

Y E G

Y U

H

P

S

N

O

O

O

D

J

G

N C Y

F M

X

D

S

G

Y

U

V

F

M

A

G T P

F

L

X

B

U

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W

T

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K

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C

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I

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H

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P

P

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G O N X U

K

A

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I N A

A

C

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Y

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U

J

M

F

P

E X M T N W

H

L

I

I

R

E

Z

Write five sentences using adverbs of manner from the box.

1.

happily completely

2.

amazingly sadly quickly

3.

4.

5.

26

Adverbs of manner

Complete the sentences by choosing the correct spelling of the adverbs of manner. 1. I didn’t study for today’s exam. , the teacher didn’t come to class. a. surprisibely

b. surprisingly

c. surprisive

2. My gym teacher is

tall! b. incresibly

a. incredibly

c. incredibling

3. My father left so a. quicking

this morning he didn’t even drink his coffee. c. quickly

b. quickingly

4. I arrived late to class again! I was a. deepingly

asleep.

b. deeply

5. I was

c. deeplily

lost in the forest! All I could see were trees and more trees.

a. completely

b. completing

6. The movie was again! a. terring

c. completelying

scary! I’m not watching another horror movie ever b. terriblying

c. terribly married for 25 year.

7. My parents have been a. happing

c. happily

b. happyly

8. I was

excited for my party.

a. truly

b. truelly

9. I was

c. trully

surprised to see all my friends at my party.

a. amazingally

c. amazinly

b. amazingly

aware he could fail the exam if he didn’t study.

10. My friend was a. fullily

b. fullingly

c. fully

Find the hidden word in each line. Then, rewrite the sentence they form. Write in another color the adverb of manner. P

Y

A

P

L

A

Y

I

N G N

I

Y

G

N

C

H

S

S

E

S

S

C

H C H E

S

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E

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Z

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L

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B

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R E D

I

B

L

Y

R

O

B

B

O

R

I

N

G N O G

I

N

B

Sentence: Do you agree with this? Why?

27

I

Z S

Read the following sentences. Change the adjectives in parentheses into adverbs of manner and write an adjective on the blank lines according to what you think about each hobby. 1. I like / don’t like to go shopping. I find it .

(incredible)

2. Going camping is something I really want / don’t want to do. I think it’s (real) . 3. I

(true) believe playing and instrument is very

4. I like / hate parties. I think they are . 5. Writing poetry is a

.

(surprising)

(complete)

activity!

Unscramble each adverb of manner and write a sentence using it. 1. LIRDNBECIY :

2. LEBRTRIY :

3. TEURYQEFNL :

4. LUQKICY :

5. YNMIGAZIAL :

6. ULSALUY :

7. LEMECYPOTL :

8. YSELAI :

28

9. LGRSUPISIRNY :

10. ARYREL :

Find the mistake in each sentence and rewrite it on the line below. 1. I thought I could trust you, but I was completelly wrong.

2. Going on the circus is amazingly fun!

3. Trying to make exercise every day is incredebly difficult!

4. I was terriblily scared at the movie!

5. You won’t arrive on time unless you leave quikly.

Answer the crossword by finishing each sentence. Across

Down

1. Going is incredibly fun. Sleeping on the floor and singing at a campsite.

1. is really tiring, but it’s a great exercise.

2. Going to the is amazingly great! I love swimming and sunbathing.

2. Playing is unnecessarily complicated. There are so many pieces!

3. Going is terribly horrible! So many shops and so little money.

3. I love to with my friends. Going to the movies, or shopping, everything is fun with them!

4. I was so creatively artistic when I was a child. I loved to .

4. Playing an Music is complicated.

5. Having a is so exciting! You can collect basically anything.

5. Writing romantic.

29

is so difficult. is so incredibly

1

1

2 3

2

4 3 4

5

5

Rose and Johnny

Read and listen to the audio. Then, answer the questions.

Rose: I just moved to this city. I used to live in the countryside! Even though life is different

here, I like it. I love being able to see skyscrapers and use the subway. My new friends and I spend a lot of time outdoors where they teach me how to skateboard. I love painting, and since I moved here I’m learning how to paint graffiti. I hope that, someday, I will study Arts at the University because I paint well! One of the things I love the most about the city is that there are a lot of museums. Sometimes, I believe that people from big cities argue a lot. I hate arguing! Problems are bad; I hate them! Being stressed out is bad for your health! Sometimes I miss my old town and my best friend, his name is Jonny! Today I received one of his birthday presents: a vintage Mexican postcard.

Johnny: I love being with my brothers. I have seven brothers! We live in a small town in Utah’s

desert. We do a lot of volunteer work; three of my brothers do gardening at our local biggest park; four of my sisters go reading to a rest home. In my case, two of my brothers and I visit all everyone at our local hospital. My favorite sister is Roxanne; she doesn’t like to talk a lot, she’s shy but she’s a good listener. We love helping others and making new friends. My friend Rose just moved to the city, I miss her. However, life in the city is chaotic! I rather live here! Today my mom told me that Rose sent me a weird synthetic sweater. The city is changing her taste! What a weird present!

30

1. Rose is

.

a) creative b) lazy

c) tired

2. She wants to study Arts because she likes sculpture.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

3. Rose is learning how to paint watercolor.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

4. She likes to visit museums.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

5. Rose doesn’t like problems; she is . 6. Johnny has a big family.

a) shy

b) easygoing

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

7. Johnny lives in Utah.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

8. Johnny’s seven brothers are helpful.

a) helpful

b) lazy

c)confident

9. Roxanne is talkative.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

10. Rose and Johnny are acquaintances.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

c) charming

11. What did Rose send to Johnny? 12. What did Rose receive fom Johnny?

Answer the questions with your own information. Then, ask them to a classmate, and share his/her answers in class. How is your favorite shirt? How is your favorite dish? How is your best friend’s personality? How is your house? How is your neighborhood? How is your city?

31

Lesson Project A short text about a person you care and any place you think For this lesson project, you will write a short text about a person you care and any place you think. Describe his or her actions with adverbs of manner. In this lesson, you learned to describe verbs and other adverbs in sentences by using adverbs of manner, continue practicing by looking for online exercises. Get in teams of three or four and practice the adverbs of manner by reading aloud the text you wrote. The topic is open, though we recommend you to work with something you are familiar or using easy to follow vocabulary.

Evaluation Rubric Excellent The student knows how to describe an action that someone does or did. The student understands how adverbs are formed from adjectives. The student understands how an adverb of manner works. The student uses grammar efficiently. The student uses vocabulary efficiently. Scan this QR with your phone to learn more! https-//cutt.ly/He6KNjj

Good

In process

Coevaluation In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him. Criteria My partner can work in pairs / groups.

My partner can express in English according to the needed structure and vocabulary. My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/her other partners. My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment Criteria I can remember what adverbs are. I can use vocabulary related to adverbs. I can identify adverbs of manner. I can use adverbs of manner.

Lesson 3

warmer

Complete the following Venn diagram comparing the class you like the most and a class you dislike. In each circle, write characteristics that make each subject different. In the central part of the diagram, write which aspects or things both classes share.

Scholar vocabulary

Match the vocabulary words with the corresponding image.

1. tired 2. advanced 3. education 4. school 5. graduation 6. friends 7. studying 8. emergency 9. language 10. library

34

Read the text.

Education outside school

Are you one of those people who forgets about studying as soon as they arrive home? Alternatively, do you prefer to read, take extracurricular classes, or courses? You’ll discover both have good things and bad things. School can be sometimes very tiring, but it is important not to miss classes. Education and learning are both very important, and you can keep doing so after you leave school. You never really stops learning, especially when you’re having fun. There are a lot of things you can do after school, like taking a beginner’s class about the theme or subject you most like. Sometimes both going to school and taking courses can be tough, but if you work hard, you master your academic skills.

Graduating from high school and getting your diploma are both very important in order to get into college, but there are other important things too. Learning a new language sure helps a lot! You can study at your house or at the library; both are good places to concentrate. If you think you need help in a topic or subject, you can take private classes. Being at home, resting and going out with your friends are good ways to relax and have fun, but that won’t be as helpful as studying when you try to obtain your degree.

Now, answer the following questions. You will share your answers in class. 1. What do you prefer doing in your spare time, resting or studying?

2. Do you take extra classes or practice any sport after school?

3. What do you think is more important, studying, relaxing, or both?

4. Are you an advanced student in any subject?

5. Think in a class that’s not easy for you. Which activities can you make after school?

35

Look carefully at the following painting. In the chart below write, which elements are present in both paintings and how are they similar? Read the chart in class.

Elements present in

Things different in the

both paintings

paintings

Either, neither, and both

Finish the sentences by writing either, neither, or both on the lines. 1. I woke up late today. I couldn’t arrive to Math 2. John and Mike are dance!

neither

very handsome. I can’t decide who is taking me to the

3. You have to choose between the two options: cream. 4. We can go to the concert or to the movies. 5. I don’t want cake! I don’t want cookies! I want 6. — I don’t speak German. — do I. 7. — Would you like pasta or salad? — of them please! I’m starving. 8. You can go either to the party or to the cinema, but not 9. Would you prefer 10. — I don’t like vegetables. — I don’t like them

to Physics class.

chocolate or vanilla ice way is right for me. !

.

to live with your grandma or with your uncle? .

36

Unscramble the following vocabulary words. Then, use each one in a sentence using either, neither, or both. 1. DEVACAND:

2. TEFCRICITAE:

3. EUGAGLNA:

4. RNUSITCOTR: 5. EGBNINRE:

Work in pairs. What are your plans after high school? On the chart write five things both of you plan to do after high school and five things neither of you are planning to do. BOTH NEITHER

Write an answer to each question. Use either, neither, or both. Write complete sentences. Share your answers in class. Example: What should I wear, a jacket or a sweater? Answer: Both of them are good options. / Either of them. / Neither of them, it’s too hot.

1. Who can lend me any money?

4. Do you want to go to the party with Miriam or me?

2. What would you like to drink? I have coffee and tea.

5. What do you want to eat? I can cook pasta or make a salad.

3. We can walk to school or take a bus. What do you prefer?

37

Choose the correct option to complete the sentences. 1. my parents are very strict with my grades. I have to study a lot. a. Either 2.

b. Neither

c. Both

of you did your homework. I’m so disappointed of you all.

a. Either 3. You can choose

b. Neither c. Both vanilla or chocolate ice-cream. Only one flavor.

a. Either 4. I tried to call you

b. Neither c. Both , but non of you answered the phone.

a. Either 5. Can a. Either 6. I forgot a. Either

b. Neither c. Both of you lend me a pen? b. Neither

c. Both

my Math and Physics books! b. Neither

c. Both

7. I can’t choose between lollipops and chocolates. a. Either 8. I can’t today. a. Either 9. Can

b. Neither

of them are my favorite.

c. Both

take you to practice soccer nor to school, son. I’m very busy b. Neither c. Both of you help me study? I only need one person.

a. Either b. Neither c. Both of you are in a lot of trouble. You two go to the principal’s office right away! 10. b. Neither c. Both a. Either Play ‘what would you prefer?’ with a friend. In pairs ask questions to each other. You must answer with complete sentences. Try to use both or neither. Example: Would you prefer to ride a wild horse or a buffalo. I would prefer to ride neither of them.

1.

?

2.

?

3.

?

4.

?

5.

?

38

Weather vocabulary Match each word and phrase with a picture.

1. It’s drizzling 2. Raincoat 3. It’s snowing 4. Winter boots 5. It’s a hot day 6. Sunscreen 7. Windy 8. Windbreaker 9. It’s hailing 10. Umbrella

Talk to your partner about your own experience. Do you play any sports? Which ones? How do you play them? What does your best friend do in his/her free time? Is he/she good at it?

39

Read and listen to the text. Then, choose true / false or it doesn’t say. Summer in Veracruz is always beautiful. My best friend Marco and I love living here, though we like different things about the weather. For example, I like hot sunny days, but he likes cloudy warm days. However, we both like swimming in the ocean. As well, we love coconut juice and orange juice; we like both. We always wear sunscreen. Both of us live in the same street.

Autumns in Pachuca are so humid. My best friend Alicia and I love the forest and the mountains. Both of us live in the mountains where it drizzles every morning. I love raincoats, but she likes umbrellas. However, we both love windbreakers. We must wear them every day. Living in the forest can be difficult, especially when it hails.

Cristina

Tania

1. Tania and Marco love living in Mexico. a) true

Winters in Chihuahua are terribly cold. However, we are used to this weather; we love snow! My best friend’s name is Rocco. We both have snow boots because in winter is hard to walk with normal boots. His favorite winter sport is snowboarding, mine is skiing. People practice these sports in the mountains. Both sports are incredibly hard, especially if it’s snowing.

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

2. Both like swimming in the ocean. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 3. Alicia and Cristina don’t love the forest. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 4. Both love windbreakers. a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

5. Mike and Rocco are used to extremely cold winter. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say

Mike

6. Both love winter sports. a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

Read the chart. Then, read the statements and unscramble the sentences.

BOTH

Subject + both + verb + complement.

We both like swimming.

Subject both.

+

verb

+

We love coconut juice and orange juice; we like both.

40

Both of + pronoun + verb + complement. Both of us live in the same street.

1. She likes sweaters; he likes sweaters too. sweaters. / They / like / both 2. Green juice and ginger tea are healthy drink / both. / I 3. I live in Chihuahua; she also lives in Chihuahua. live / Chihuahua. / Both of us / in 4. You love soccer; he likes soccer. soccer. / You / like / both 5. I drink coffee, but I also drink tea. drink / both. / I 6. Snowboarding is a winter sport; skiing is a winter sport. winter sports. / Both of them / are 7. Andrea plays hockey; Lucia plays hockey too. both / hockey. / They / play 8. Cristina wears raincoats, but she also uses umbrellas. uses / both. / She 9. Sunscreen is useful on the beach; umbrellas too. are / useful. / Both of them 10. Liam hates when it hails; Cristina also hates this weather. both / hailing. / They / hate Match each sentence with an answer. Then, practice the dialogues. 1. I like the ocean and you like the ocean. ( 2. She has an umbrella and she has a ( windbreaker. ( 3. Look! Luis’s practicing hockey today.

) ) )

4. It’s hailing today. I hate days like this.

(

)

5. Look, Sony is making a snowman.

(

)

41

a. That's sad! I hate them too. We both hate days like this. b. She has both. She's always ready for rainy days. c. Yes, we both like it. d. Frank is practicing hockey too. Both of them practice every day. e. Look! Tania is also making one. They both love snow.

Utensils Vocabulary

Use the words in the box to complete the questions. Then, ask the questions to a partner and share the answers in class. costume Christmas spring festival season of the year swimming

What do you have in common?

Myself

My classmate

Both

What is your favorite ? Do you like spring? Do

you

go

to

year?

Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

the every

Do you like summer? Do you go in the summer? Do you like autumn? Do you like parties? Do you like winter? Do

you

like ?

Match each word with a picture.

1. Weightlifting 2. punching bag 3. dumbbell 4. trampoline 5. treadmill 6. gardening 7. shovel 8. flowerpot 9. gardening gloves 10. garden trowel

42

Read and listen to two conversations. Then, choose true, false or it doesn’t say. Celeste: I don't have a lot of free time! Jessie: I don't either. Why? Celeste: I joined a gardening club at the city's botanic garden. It's pretty cool! Jessie: That sounds fun! What do you exactly do? Celeste: I learn how to properly take care of a garden, which involves a lot of work. Jessie: You could help me. I don't have enough money to pay for a gardener. Celeste: I don't either. Jessie: But you're studying it. Celeste: It’s for my future house… though, I still don't have one. Jessie: Me either! Hi-five! We're too young to think about a house and stuff. Aaron: I love working out, but I don’t have any dumbells. Beto: I don’t either. Luckily, there’s a gym next to my house. Aaron: Do you train at your school gym? Beto: No, I don’t go to school. I graduated last year! Aaron: I don’t either. I work out in the park. Beto: We should go jogging together. Aaron: I don’t jog. I only do weightlifting. Beto: Me either. I was joking, I hate jogging.

1. Celeste has a lot of free time. a) true c) false c) it doesn't say.

2. Does Jessie have a lot of free time? a) Yes, he does. c) No, he doesn’t. c) it doesn’t say. 3. Jessie has enough money to pay for a gardener. a) true c) false c) it doesn't say. 4. Does Celeste have enough money to pay for gardening services? a) Yes, he does. c) No, he doesn’t. c) it doesn’t say. 5. Neither of them has a house. a) true c) false c) it doesn't say. 1. There is a gym in front of Beto’s house. a) true c) false c) it doesn't say. 2. Beto doesn’t have any dumbells. a) true c) false c) it doesn't say. 3. Beto graduated last year. a) true c) false

c) it doesn't say.

4. Aaron doesn’t go to school. a) true c) false c) it doesn't say. 5. Neither of them goes to school. a) true c) false c) it doesn't say.

Complete the conversation with the words from the box. Then, practice it with a classmate. honestly too don’t like class Me neither either Did I

1. Frank: I love our yoga . too! I'm glad we are doing something nice with our free time. 2. Luis: 3. Frank: However, I didn’t 4. Luis: Me

! She was rude.

5. Frank: I know, I 6. Luis: I don’t voice. 7. Frank: Me

the receptionist. like rude people.

. But the teacher is absolutely adorable. I like her . It reminded my mom’s voice.

8. Luis: What about the cafeteria? 9. Frank: I 10. Luis:

you like it?

didn’t like the food. It’s not healthy. didn’t either. Plus, everything is so expensive.

43

Lesson Project Sentences using correlative words For this lesson project, you will work in teams of four. Each one of you will make sentences using correlative words. Remember to use vocabulary you already know and vocabulary from the lesson 3; you have to ask a teacher about his experience with education outside school. Then, write a short text about the experience of your teacher outside school using correlative words. Continue practicing by looking for online exercises. Show the class your text and practice by reading it to the class. The topic is open, though we recommend you to work with something you are familiar or using easy to follow vocabulary.

Evaluation Rubric Excellent The student identifies the correlative words: both, either and neither. The student understands how correlative words are used. The student uses grammar efficiently.

The student uses vocabulary efficiently.

Scan this QR with your phone to learn more! https-//cutt.ly/Le6KMzd

Good

In process

Coevaluation In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him. Criteria My partner can work in pairs / groups.

My partner can express himself/herself in English according to the needed structure and vocabulary. My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/her other partners. My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment Criteria I can remember what correlative words are. I can use vocabulary related to correlative words. I can identify correlative words. I can use correlative words.

Lesson 4

warmer What a party!

Talk to your partners about how you enjoyed the last party you attended.

Match each phrase with a picture. Then, listen and repeat each phrase.

Her house looks like a castle. He’s dress like a detective. She looks like a movie star. They look like giants. She smiles like a princess.

Rachel and Marie

Read and listen to the audio. Then, answer the questions. Rachel: I'm so glad we could come to this party! Marie: I love costume parties. They are so fun! Look, who is that guy? Rachel: That guy looks like my brother, Steven. Marie: Do you mean the cowboy? That guy is your brother. He walks like a cowboy. Rachel: Who is that girl? Marie: The one with the fury tale? Rachel: Not that one! The girl who is barking as dogs bark. Marie: She's Tiffany! She doesn't bark as a dog does. She barks like a puppy! Rachel: You're right! Marie: Look, who is that one? Rachel: I have no idea… but his disguise is so normal. Marie: That's not a disguise. That's Julia’s father. Rachel: He looks like a businessman. Marie: Actually, he is a businessman.

46

Rachel: I didn’t know Julia’s parents were going to be around. Marie: Me either! Rachel: Somebody told me her parents are very strict. They behave as the military do. Marie: Really? That's scary. Thankfully, both of my parents behave as a teenager behaves. Rachel: Yes! They behave as you do. No, wonder why you're dress like that! Marie: Like what? 1. Marie and Rachel are at a costume party. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 2. Steven is dress like a ninja. b) false c) it doesn’t say a) true 3. Steven walks as ninjas walk. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 4. Tiffany’s dressing like a puppy. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say

6. Julia’s father dress as a military. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 7. Julia’s mother is so strict. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 8. Marie’s parents behave as she does. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 9. Marie dress like a turtle. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say

5. Tiffany is doing sounds as puppies do. 10. Marie is dressing like a dinosaur. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say

Look at the picture. Describe what people wear, and what they do. Share your descriptions in class.

Read the chart. Then, chose the best option to complete each sentence.

COMPARISONS like

as

Subject + verb + like + noun.

Subject + verb + as + subject+ verb.

That guy looks like my brother.

He walks as cowboys walk.

She barks like a puppy!

Tiffany is barking as dogs bark.

47

1. That kid's costume looks (like/ as) a wrestler. (like/ as) monkeys do. 2. My classmates dance (like/ as) private detectives. 3. My friends dress (like/ as) an astronaut. 4. Our teacher was dressed (like/ as) clowns do. 5. Rose and his friends were walking (like/ as) Coca-Cola. 6. The beverages taste (like/ as) my mother’s. 7. The food was as delicious (like/ as) a cat. 8. My dog behaves (like/ as) a dog does. 9. Her cat barks (like/ as) a military uniform. 10. His school uniform looks Match each word with a picture. 1. beginner 2. blackboard 3. costumes 4. pencil case 5. teenager 6. diploma 7. handwriting 8. cowboy 9. sun screen 10. summer

Read and listen to the audio. Then, answer the questions and complete the chart.

School statistics Las Encinas high school is well recognized for its excellent students. This year is not an exception. Especially because students at Las Encinas believe they obtained better scores than any other high school in Spain, especially their archenemy Colegio España. Let's see the numbers:

48

Number of...

Las Encinas

Colegio España

9

3

124

191

Chess victories

8

8

Math Olympic games winners.

1

0

Spelling Bee leaders

21

23

100

100

125

124

110

119

45

46

Missing students

1

0

Professional athletes

6

7

Soccer victories Graduated students with perfect notes

Diplomas obtained in English grammar Advanced students at the videogame championship Intermediate students at the videogame championship Beginner students at the videogame championship

1. Las Encinas soccer team is better than Colegio España. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 2. Colegio España has more chess victories than Las Encinas high school. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 3. This year Colegio España has studied more math than Las Encinas. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 4. Colegio España has fewer spelling bee leaders than Las Encinas High School. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 5. Both schools obtained the same number of English diplomas. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 6. Las Encinas has more advanced gamers than Colegio España. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 7. Las Encinas has more intermediate gamers than Colegio España. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 8. Las Encinas has less beginner gamers than Colegio España. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 9. There are more missing students at Las Encinas than Colegio España. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 10. Las Encinas has fewer professional athletes than Colegio España. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say

49

Read the charts. Then, complete the sentences.  Comparisons with short adjective  adjective+-er Noun 1 + verb + adjective +er + than + noun 2. Las Encinas soccer team is stronger than Colegio España’s team.

Comparisons more... than/ less... than Noun 1 + verb + more + adjective + than + noun 2.

Noun 1 + verb + less + adjective + than + noun 2.

Las Encinas is more popular than Colegio España.

Colegio España is less popular than Las Encinas.

Noun 1 + verb + adjective + er + than + noun 2.

Noun 1 + verb + less + noun + than + noun 2.

Las Encinas soccer team is stronger than Colegio España's team

My school has fewer classrooms than yours. 

Complete the sentences. 1. Lucia is

(more smart) than her sister. (less classrooms) classrooms than yours.

2. My school has 3. John is

(more fast) than his friend Juan.

4. My soccer team is

(less fast) than your team.

5. Rachel is

(more popular) than her friends.

6. My mom has

(less patience) than yours.

7. Victoria is

(more tall) than her brother. (less grammar) than my Spanish teacher.

8. My English teacher teaches 9. Shawn is

(more intelligent) than his twin brother.

10. February has

(less days) than January.

In groups, compare your high school with another. Fill the chart, and share your results in class. Quality Number of students

Your high school

500

50

Other institution

Results

300

My school has fewer students than your institution.

Match each phrase with a picture.

It’s amusing! He’s ashamed! She’s busy! It’s boring! It’s calm!

Read the text.

La Feria vs Six Flags The oldest two amusement parks in Mexico City are La Feria de Chapultepec and Six Flags. People have different opinions about them, especially because they are so different, but they share certain qualities. Still, they both are incredibly fun. Let's start by saying La Feria is not as new as Six Flags. Actually, La Feria was the first amusement park in Mexico, so it's older. However, they both are fun and offer a lot of rides. The roller coasters are the main attractions in amusement parks. La Montaña Rusa in La Feria is not as high as Superman in Six Flags. However, people love both of them, because they are not boring. One of the most important differences between the two parks are their costs. La Feria is not as expensive as Six Flags. Which it tells us how different they are in size. For example, La Casona del Terror in La Feria isn't as big and scary as El Festival del Terror in Six Flags.

51

1. La Feria isn't as new as Six flags. 2. La Feria is as fun as Six Flags. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 3. Superman is as high as La Montana Rusa. 4. La Feria is as expensive as Six Flags. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 5. La Casona del Terror isn’t as big as Festival del Terror. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say

Read the grammar chart. Then complete the sentences using the words from the box. We use

as + adjective/adverb + as

to show similarity between two things or people. Examples:

1. La Feria is as 2. Batman isn't as

(+) La feria is as fun as Six flags. (-) La feria isn’t as fun as Six flags.

as Six Flags. as Superman.

3. My sister is as

as me.

4. The library is as

as a cementery.

5. My mom isn’t as

as my dad.

Unscramble the sentences. 1. as / fun / water parks. / are not / Amusement parks / as /

2. as / popular / football. / isn’t / as / Soccer

3. as / kindergarten. / Elementary school / easy / as / isn’t 4. isn’t / as / hard / as / Math / Chemistry. 5. quiet / my mother. / My dad / as / as / is

52

amusing ashamed busy boring calm

Choose two of your favorite places. Fill the chart with their similarities and differences. Share your results in class. Characteristic Size

Place number one

Place number two

The library is small.

The Movie theatre is big.

Results The library isn’t as big as the movie theater.

Match the vocabulary words with the corresponding image.

1. Bookstore 2. café 3. department store 4. grocery store 5. hospital 6. museum 7. post office 8. school 9. sports center 10. swimming pool

Fill in the blanks with information about you. 1. I prefer eating

than vegetables.

2. Instead of coming to school, I would prefer to go 3. I prefer to go to

than going to the beach. .

4. I don’t like broccoli, I prefer 5. I don’t like violent movies, I like

movies.

53

.

Bob and Mike conversation

Listen to the conversation. Fill the blanks with the words you hear. Bob: Hey, Mike! I’m just heading to the

, do you want to come with me?

Mike: Hello, Bob. Not really, I don’t like buying new books

old books. I

.

prefer to go to the Bob: But old books are

new books!

Mike: It depends on what you find attractive. For example, I enjoy a lot going to places or

.

Bob: Are you crazy? Those places are boring, or at least

the places I

like to go. Mike: Which are those places? Bob: Fun places

or the

! Do you know

there?

they have a

Mike: I did not know. Well, those places don’t sound

fun to me. I prefer resting

.

and relaxing after

Bob: Sometimes I don’t even know why we’re friends… anyway, do you want to come with me to the

? We could buy some candy.

Mike: No, thank you, I have to go to the Bob:

to deliver a letter.

. Have fun!

Mike: You, too!

Answer the comprehension questions. 1. What type of books does Mike prefer?

2. What places does Mike like?

3. What places does Bob like?

4. What can Mike and Bob find at the sports center?

5. Why can’t Mike go to the grocery store with Bob?

54

Fill the crossword puzzle by filling the blanks in each sentence. 2

1

3 4

1 2 3

4

5

6

Across

Down

1. There are a lot of books at the .

1. I need to go to the deliver a letter.

2. I will graduate from high next month.

2. My uncle is at the having a surgery.

, he’s

3. Could you go to the for some eggs?

store

3. When I go to a drink coffee, I prefer tea.

I don’t

4. You can find a big variety of products at the store.

4. I like going to the to play football!

to

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5. I wish I had a swimming so I could be fresh all the time. 6. I saw a wonderful sculpture in the .

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Lesson Project Comparative Chart For this lesson project, you will do the following: Make a chart where you can compare similarities and differences with any topic of your interest. Each student will make sentences using comparative sentences. Remember to use vocabulary you already know and vocabulary from lesson 4; you have to practice your conversation skills with your partner. Then write a short text about your experience doing this work by using comparative forms of adjectives and adverbs plus correlative words from lesson 3. Share the answers with your class.

Evaluation Rubric Excellent The student identifies similarities between things and people using the words like and so. The student understands how comparative forms are used. The student uses grammar efficiently.

The student uses vocabulary efficiently.

Scan this QR with your phone to learn more! https-//cutt.ly/le6K1V3

Good

In process

Coevaluation In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him. Criteria My partner can work in pairs / groups.

My partner can express in English according to the needed structure and vocabulary. My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/her other partners. My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment Criteria I can remember what similarities and differences are. I can use vocabulary related to comparative sentences. I can identify adjectives and adverbs. I can use adjectives and adverbs.

UNIT 2

COMPONENT It generates and integrates the central contents and responds to specific organization forms for each field or discipline. Reading, writing and oral production as learning sources and abilities practice. The importance of reading and writing production. The importance of learning to write in a based argument. Communication and interpersonal relationships. Integration of learning communities. Contextualization of learning communities through students’ interests and academic experiences.

CONTENT It corresponds to crucial learning. It is the highest-ranking content in the study program. Choose spare time activities, students can do on a week. Design a survey to develop accurate vocabulary. Read, exchange experiences and analyze similarities about their answers. Identify multiples use of verbs ending with ing and be able to elaborate a survey deducing the differences among verbs in gerund and infinitive forms.

SPECIFIC CONTENT It corresponds to the central contents and by their specificity; they establish the reach and depth of their approach. Use of intensifiers in speech. Use of comparatives and superlatives in different contexts.

EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOME They are descriptors of the learning process and performance indicators that students must achieve for each of the specific contents. Use intensifiers to express levels of intensity in sentences. Express similarities or differentiations about prices and personal interests.

DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION

Lesson 1

Unscramble the words to form sentences. 1. romantic. / Chick-flicks films books / incredibly / are

2. very / soap operas / disappointing. / Most / are

3. fun. / A lot of / extremely / are / costume parties

4. A lot of / are / fairly / super heroes / muscular.

5. people / annoying. / Some / think / soap operas / are / so

Change the following sentences to negative. You can use at all. 1. She seemed devastated. 2. It was wonderful. 3. It was disappointing. 4. They were fabulous! 5 She looked stunning. Unscramble the words to form sentences. 1. at all. / The bus / useful / isn’t

2. completely / is / tiring / This machine

3. are / totally / noisy. / These / students

4. interesting. / completely / is / Our teacher

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5. totally / confusing./ Our exam/was

6. doesn’t/ at all./ This computer/work

7. at all./ are not /These boxes /empty

8. The speaker /doesn’t / at all./work

warmer Talk with a partner about Mexican actors and their movies.

Match each word with a picture.

1. microphone 2. camera 3. movie theatre 4. red carpet 5. cast 6. camera operator 7. director 8. subtitles 9. award 10. film

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Listen and read the following conversation.

INTERESTING INTERVIEWS

Interviewer: Hello Yalitza! How are you? Yalitza: I am absolutely terrified. I am still really afraid of cameras. Interviewer: How is that possible after all these really crazy times for you? Yalitza: I don't know! I can say that sometimes being an actress is absolutely exhausting. Interviewer: Are you tired today? Yalitza: A little! I was just filming a movie three days ago, and now I am here, still hungry, walking on the red carpet. Interviewer: How was working with Terrence Malik? Yalitza: It was absolutely hard! However, he's a really talented director. Interviewer: Why? Yalitza: You know, he doesn't use screenplays, but my English isn't the best. Therefore, sometimes I didn't understand his instructions. Interviewer: That can be absolutely confusing! Yalitza: It was really confusing but fun. The cast was absolutely polite. Gael was always translating for me. Interviewer: That's awesome. By the way, you look really stunning! Yalitza: Do you like my dress? Interviewer: I love it! The fabric shines beautifully. Yalitza: What's that? Interviewer: Those are the automatic subtitles! Yalitza: What for? Interviewer: For all your English speaking fans. Yalitza: Really? I love them so much!

Answer the questions using complete sentences about the interview and underline true or false where it’s necessary. 1. How was Yalitza feeling during the interview? 2. What was Yalitza doing three days before the interview? 3. Who is the director of the new film in which Yalitzia appears? 4. How is the director according to Yalitza? 5. Who helped Yalitza to understand the director’s instructions? 6. How was the cast with Yalitza?

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7. What is Yalitza wearing? 8. Her director speaks Spanish fluently. b) false c) it doesn’t say a) true 9. Yalitza is having absolutely crazy moments with fame. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say 10. Yalitza is always relaxed during red carpets. a) true b) false c) it doesn’t say

Intensifier Adverbs We use absolutely or really with adjectives, verbs and sentences that are already strong. Subject + verb + adverb + adjective. Yalitza was absolutely terrified. Subject + negative verb + adverb + adjective. He is not really talented.

Auxiliar verb + Subject + adverb + adjective? Was the dress absolutely beautiful?

Unscramble the words to form sentences. 1. absolutely / is / inspiring. / The director 2. terrified / the shouting. / The actors / really / during / were 3. was / surprised. / The award winner / absolutely 4. absolutely / after the movie. / The camera operators / were / tired 5. really / crowded. / The movie theatre / is

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Match each sentence with the best answer. Then, practice the dialogue. 1. How was the movie? ( ) a. She seemed really devastated. She's a 2. How did the actress look on ( ) good actress! the red carpet? b. It was absolutely wonderful. 3. How was the band at ( ) c. It was absolutely disappointing. Yalitza the concert? didn't win. 4. How did the actress ( ) d. They were absolutely fabulous! look in the play? e. She looked stunning. 5. How was the Academy ( ) Awards ceremony? Write a text where you describe an event you were at. Then, share your story in class. Use the adverbs absolutely and really.

The office vocabulary

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The office

Read and listen to the text. Then, answer the questions. Godard: Working can be complicated and sometimes tiring. In my office, there are a lot of easygoing people. However, the chairs aren't comfortable at all. In addition, the manager is totally annoying. A year ago, we used to wear pajamas on Fridays, but he canceled it. Now, Fridays are completely exhausting! Natalia: My office is not like any other. We all have special desks, comfortable chairs, and really advanced computers. Also, we have a fit bar where we can buy juice, fruits, and healthy snacks. The snacks are not expensive at all. My workmates are totally cool! Tiffany: I work at a perfume store. However, my work is tiring my workmates are completely friendly. In the beginning, I used to be totally surprised by how perfumes the shop had. Now, I consider perfumes aren't beautiful at all. I don't even use one. 1. How is work according to Godard? 2. How are people in Godard’s office? 5. What can you eat in Natalia’s office? 6. The manager easygoing.

is

completely

7. Natalia likes her office because it has nice chairs. 8. The snacks are totally expensive. 9. Natalia’s colleagues are completely annoying. 10. Tiffany works in a Restaurant. 11. Tiffany’s workmates are completely friendly. 12. Tiffany doesn’t like perfumes at all.

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

a) true

b) false

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a) true

b) false

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a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn’t say

a) true

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c) it doesn’t say

Read the grammar chart. Then, unscramble the questions.

ADVERBS At all The expression at all intensifies negative sentences.

Completely and totally These adverbs mean 100%.

The manager isn't friendly at all.

Subject + verb + adverb + adjective. His workmates are completely friendly.

Subject + negative verb + adjective + at all.

Her workmates are totally cool.

He's not mad at all.

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1. at all./The wastebasket/ useful / isn’t 2. completely/ is/ tiring./ This chair 3. are/ totally/ noisy./These/speakers 4. interesting./ completely/is/Our manager 5. totally / confusing./Our calendar/is 6. doesn’t/ at all./This flash drive/work 7. at all./are not /These drawers/empty 8. The printer/doesn’t /at all./work Match each sentence with the best answer. Then practice the dialogue. 1. I like our new computers!

(

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a. It doesn’t have paper at all.

2. He can’t use his phone!

(

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b. I know! It’s completely comfortable.

3. The printer isn’t working.

(

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c. Me too. It’s totally modern!

4. Our manager is annoying.

(

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d. It doesn’t have energy at all.

5. This chair is nice!

(

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e. I agree! He’s totally annoying

Fill in the chart with the description of two people. They can be a family member, a classmate, a historic character, or someone you don’t like at all. Intensify your answers and share your information in class. Personal characteristics at all completely totally

Person 1

Person 2

annoying, interesting, surprising, tiring, confusing

How is he/she physically? How is his/her personality? (List his/her characteristics) Is she/he easygoing? Is she/he friendly? Is he/she charming? (Add a special characteristic…)

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Under each picture write the correct sentence from the box. 5. He is rude. 6. She is impatient. 7. He is a pessimist. 8. She is self-confident.

1. He is responsible. 2. She is open-minded. 3. He is patient. 4. She is narrow-minded.

Read and listen to the text. Then, mark the answers (√). Let’s see the personality exam results that three students took in high school. Student name 

SelfPositive confidence attitude

Leadership

openPatience mindedness

Results

Erato

7/10

10/10

2/10

10/10

1/10

From 1-5: scarce skill

Clio

10/10

6/10

5/10

0/10

10/10

From 6-8: average skill

Caliope

9/10

8/10

6/10

5/10

5/10

From 9-10: high skill

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Highly

Average

Scarcely

1. Erato is self-confident. 2. Erato is optimistic. 3. Erato is a great leader. 4. Erato is open-minded. 5. Erato is Patience. 6. Clio is a great leader. 7. Clio is open-minded. 8. Clio is Patient. 9. Caliope is self-confident. 10. Caliope is open-minded. 11. Caliope is patient.

Read and listen to the audio. Interviewer: Tell me, girls, how do you feel with your personality test results? Erato: I'm surprised with mine. I wasn’t expecting these results. Clio: Me either! I need to improve so I can go to university. Interviewer: Girls, tell me what do you want to change? Caliope: I will talk more to become friendly and open-minded. Erato: I will meditate to be more patient. Interviewer: What about you, Clio? Clio: I will take oratory lessons. Caliope: Why? Clio: I will take oratory lessons to become a great leader. Interviewer: What else are you going to do? The girls: We will study hard to go to college! Answer the questions using complete sentences. 1. Why does Clio want to improve? 2. Why will Caliope try to talk more?

3. Why will Erato meditate?

4. Why will Clio take oratory lessons?

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Read the grammar chart. Then, unscramble the questions.

INFINITIVE CLAUSES We will study hard to get into college! Infinitive clauses explain why we do something. Subject + verb + complement + to verb + complement.

Why do you study hard? To go to university. I went to the library to do homework. Why did you go to the library? To do homework.

This sentence answers the question 'why'.

I will study hard to pass my exam. Why will you study hard? To pass my exam.

Subject + negative verb + complement + to verb + complement.

I won’t change my clothes to go outside. Why won't you change your clothes? To go outside.

Aux + subject + verb + complement + infinitive?

Will you go to the park to run?

1. I / my test. / am studying / to pass 2. weight. / to lose / is working out / Frank 3. a car. / is saving / Yovana / to buy 4. to write / an essay. / Joe / a book /read 5. to travel / took / English / Luis / lessons / abroad. Match each sentence with the best answer. Then, practice the dialogue. 1. Why do you take oratory lessons? (

)

2. Why does she go to the library ( every day?

)

3. Why does he study Biology?

(

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c. He’s training now to be ready for tomorrow’s match.

4. Why do you go to the gym?

(

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d. Joe studies Biology to pass his final test.

5. Why is he training now?

(

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e. Liz goes to the library to write poetry.

a. I go to the gym to be healthy. b. I take them to learn how to talk in public.

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Lesson Project A conversation between a student and his/her best friend For this lesson project, you will write a conversation between a student and his or her best friend using intensifiers. Show the class your conversation and practice it with your classmates. The topic is open, but we recommend you to work with topics you are familiar or using vocabulary you already know.

Evaluation Rubric Excellent The student identify adverbs to intensify a statement. The student understands what intensifiers are. The student understands how an intensifier works. The student uses grammar efficiently. The student uses vocabulary efficiently. Scan this QR with your phone to learn more!

https-//cutt.ly/7e6K5pO

Good

In process

Coevaluation In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him. Criteria My partner can work in pairs/groups.

My partner can express himself/herself in English according to the needed structure and vocabulary. My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/her other partners. My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment Criteria I can remember what internsifiers are.

I can use vocabulary related to intensifiers.

I can use intensifiers.

I can understand what intensifiers are.

Lesson 2

warmer Write five sentences using verbs with -ing ending. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

1. passport 2. sister 3. driving 4. film 5. exercising 6. reading 7. eating 8. playing 9. working 10. finish

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Match each sentence with the best answer.

1. I enjoy getting up early! 2. I avoid spending money on junk food! 3. I spend time working out! 4. I don’t mind helping others! 5. I always finish reading my books!

Changing the world Read and listen carefully to the text. Then, underline the main verbs with (-ing). Every day people try to change their life for the better. Especially because our worst enemy is ourselves. However, changing is sometimes hard! Specialists believe we don't have to quit drastically our bad habits: what we need to do is to nurture new habits in order to kill the old ones. Old habits die hard. The first question we must ask is: Do you get up early? The most successful people enjoy getting up early. Therefore, they have more time to exercise, read, help others or just work harder to achieve their dreams. Another question... How many hours do you spend exercising in a week? Scientists have proved our brains work better when they have more oxygen. Unfortunately, the only way to introduce oxygen in our minds and bodies is by working out and sweating a little. Therefore, you must spend time exercising. You won't regret it. There are no more excuses. From now on, you will spend time exercising, so you can stop eating junk food. These first two new habits will bring you more benefits. Later you'll finish reading all your books and as a consequence, you won’t mind helping others. Change today! We could change this world!

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Talk to a partner about trying to change one’s life for the better.

What would you do?

Read the grammar chart. Then, unscramble the sentences. Verbs with -ing In English, when we use the next verbs they must be followed by an -ing verb: avoid, enjoy, finish, can’t stand, don’t mind, practice, spend (time), stop and more. I enjoy getting up early.

Subject + verb + verb -ing + complement Subject + negative verb + verb -ing + complement

She doesn't mind helping others.

Aux + subject + verb + verb -ing + complement?

Do you finish reading your books?

1. cooking / always / avoids / junk food. / My mom 2. others. / enjoys / Her sister / helping 3. always / his books. / Our teacher / finishes / reading 4. late. / can’t stand / My classmates / being 5. every morning. / They / exercising / don’t mind Match each sentence with the best answer. Then, practice the dialogue with a partner. 1. Clio stopped drinking soda to be ( healthy.

)

a. That’s nice because I need your help. b. Me either! I am not a morning person.

2. Euterpe avoids going out to study ( more.

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3. Caliope finished reading The ( Quixote.

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d. Really? That’s such a long book.

4. I can’t stand getting up early.

(

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e. She’s always studying to be the best.

5. I don’t mind helping others.

(

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c. That’s great! We should do the same.

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Unscramble the questions to form a quiz. Then, interview a classmate. From now on,

Yourself

Your classmate

drinking / going / you / Are / to stop / coffee?

a) Yes, I am.

a) Yes, he/she is.

b) No, I am no.

b) No, he/she is not.

a) Yes, I am.

a) Yes, he/she is.

b) No, I am no.

b) No, he/she is not.

a) Yes, I am.

a) Yes, he/she is.

b) No, I am no.

b) No, he/she is not.

a) Yes, I am.

a) Yes, he/she is.

b) No, I am no.

b) No, he/she is not.

a) Yes, I am.

a) Yes, he/she is.

b) No, I am no.

b) No, he/she is not.

to enjoy / English classes? / going / you /Are / taking

with school partners? / you / avoid / conflicts / Are / going to

going to / your homework? / you / Are / doing / finish

Are / reading? / you / spend time / going to

Match each word with a picture.

1. self-confident 2. teamwork 3. positive attitude 4. active listening 5. leadership 6. motivation 7. responsible 8. open-minded 9. patient 10. attentive eyes

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Read and listen to the audio. Then, answer the questions.

High School Principal

This school year is not easy. We haven't reached our academic goals. In addition, we have certain difficulties with students. However, every teacher and I are giving our best. My advice to solve problems and make up a friendly environment for every student is simple. We are pretty sure they work because our best students follow them. Today I'm sharing with you the story of Jacobo, a student who almost failed high school last year. He avoided skipping classes to obtain better grades and next year he's going to college. Also, he finally finished taking extracurricular classes to win a scholarship, so soon he will get his first monthly scholarship check. Also, he spent more time reading in order to pass his Spanish course, and pretty soon he's going to visit Mexico City to receive a prize for writing the best short story in the state. It might sound complicated, but lately, our students have improved a lot. Every day, they enjoy practicing active listening, teamwork, leadership and patience to reach their personal and academic goals. What are you waiting for?

Answer the questions a practice them with a partner. Switch turns. 1. Who is Jacobo? 2. What did Jacobo do to avoid failing school? 3. Why did Jacobo take extracurricular classes? 4. What have students improved? 5. Why did Jacobo spend more time reading?

Read the grammar chart. Find the mistakes in the sentences and correct them.

INFINITIVE VS -ING VERBS Subject + verb in past + verb-ing + object + infinitive verb +complement

He finished taking English classes to speak fluently.

Subject + negative verb + verb-ing + She didn't practice reading to be happy, object + infinitive verb + complement but to be smarter.

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1. I want to avoid to failing exams to win a scholarship. 2. She enjoys reading to becoming a writer. 3. We finished studying to passing our Physics test. 4. I don’t mind doing extra homework pass my class. 5. Frank avoided talking prevent problems. 6. My sister spent more time study English to go to the USA. 7. I enjoy listening to music in English learn more. 8. I practice jog to be healthy. 9. My classmates can’t stand do homework late at night. 10. I spend less time watch television to do my homework.

Complete the prompts with information about yourself. Then, share your information in class. 1. I avoid

ing junk food

2. I enjoy

ing

3. I finish

ing

4. I can't stand 5. I don't mind 6. I practice

ing ing ing

Talk to a partner about a thing you enjoy doing during the weekdays.

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!

Read the following story of Juliette and fill in the blanks. My best friend Juliette liked

(eat) tacos . However, she had a problem. She was gaining a lot of weight. She decided (go) on a diet. And going to the gym. She stopped (eat) fast food and tacos and started (buy) more fruits and vegetables. After two months she lost a few pounds. However, she was expecting (lose) more. I suggested my best friend (join) a nutritionist Juliette disliked (go) but she agreed (try) it. Now she goes and exercises every day and she looks better. She’s looking forward (lose) more weight.

Unscramble the following verbs with -ing and use them in sentences. 1. INGGO :

2. GYALPIN:

3. WGAITIN:

4. TTGINWRI: 5. GNIDREA:

Talk to a partner. What’s your favorite sport or what you like doing the most? Do you practice any a sport right now? What do you do on your free time?

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Read the following story and underline the Infinitive or -ing ending.

Mary’s Camping Childhood When Mary was a child, she did a lot of camping. Camping was an amazing adventure. She couldn’t afford going on a lot of vacations. However, she also loved doing yoga and running. Her mom used to take her running once a week. Then, she used to go swimming with her friends. She was happy to have such freedom at the age of 16. They also liked the rope; they liked to skip the rope together every weekend. They enjoyed riding their bikes, too. When Mary was, they were old enough to ride their bikes to the store or to a friend’s house. When it was too cold, they went skating. They learned how to skate when they were about five years old. They had a skating rink in their backyard also.

Imagine you are having a birthday party surprise. What do you expect? What would your reaction be? Would you be surprised? Write a short story. If I had a surprise birthday party I...

Talk with a classmate about a fitness life routine. What do you think of having a fitness life?

Gym routine… Food diets and exercises at home. Would you like being fitness?

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Lesson Project A short text about you, describe your actions For this lesson project, you will write a short text about you. Describe your actions using infinitives. In this lesson, you learned to use infinitives in different contexts in sentences by using to or -ing, continue practicing by looking for online exercises. Share your text in class and practice pronunciation with your classmates. Get in teams of three or four and practice by using secondary verbs; read aloud the text you wrote. The topic is open, though we recommend you to work with something you are familiar or using easy to follow vocabulary.

Evaluation Rubric Excellent The student knows how to use infinitives in different contexts. The student understands how (-ing) form is an infinitive too. The student shows what infinitives in different contexts are. The student uses grammar efficiently. The student uses vocabulary efficiently. Scan this QR with your phone to learn more!

https-//cutt.ly/Ge6LqXn

Good

In process

Coevaluation In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him. Criteria My partner can work in pairs/groups.

My partner can express in English according to the needed structure and vocabulary. My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/her other partners. My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment Criteria I can remember what infinitives are.

I understan what an –ing form is.

I can use grammar efficiently.

I can write a complete text.

Lesson 3

warmer

In each case, choose between the two options given. On the lines below, justify your answer by explaining why you prefer that. 1. Hamburger or pizza? Why?

2. Football or video games? Why?

3. Dogs or cats? Why?

4. Books or movies? Why?

5. Beach or forest? Why?

Clothes and accessories vocabulary

Match the vocabulary words with the corresponding image. 1. backpack 2. belt 3. coat 4. glasses 5. gloves 6. handkerchief 7. jewelry 8. raincoat 9. skirt 10. sweatshirt

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Philip and David conversation

Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks. ; do you want to come with me? Philip: Hey, David! I have to buy a new David: Sure! Are we going to the new mall? It is the old one. Philip: It is, but I was planning to go to the old mall, they have the best backpacks store in town. David: Sounds good for me. I need to buy some winter clothes, a , and a . Philip: Don’t you think a would be a coat? Rain season is coming. David: Perhaps, but they’re what I was planning to buy. Philip: Not necessarily, they have lots of clothes on sale. I’m buying a pair of and a new . David: Sounds good. I think I will pick something for my mom’s birthday; it’s my dad’s birthday. Philip: What will you buy her? It must be better than what you bought her last year. A is not a very good present, especially for a woman. David: I think you’re right. I was thinking on buying her some or a . Philip: Well, which one? David: I think the skirt will be a ring or a necklace. Philip: Let’s go to the mall, then! David: Let’s go! Now, answer the comprehension questions. Remember to write complete sentences. 1. How are the new mall and the old mall different? 2. What will Phillip buy at the mall? 3. What will David buy at the mall? 4. What did David gift her mother for her last birthday? 5. What is cheaper, a piece of jewelry or a skirt?

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bag belt coat glasses gloves dress socks shoes shoes shirt

Comparative forms of adjectives and adverbs. a word used to modify or describe a noun or pronoun. There are two forms of adjectives and adverbs used to show varying degrees of comparison:

Adjective

Comparative

is used when two things are being compared with each other: Comparative – words end in “er” (bigger, stronger, longer, etc.)

Superlative is used when more than two things are being compared with one another:

Superlative – words end in “est” (biggest, strongest, longest, etc.)

Adverb

a word that is used to modify an adjective, verb, or adverb.

Regular forms for three or more syllable words. Comparative – use "more" (more understandable, more comfortable, etc.) Superlative – use "most" (most understandable, most comfortable, etc.) Adverbs that end in "ly" always use "more" or "most", such as "more quickly" or "most quickly".

84

Choose the corresponding options from the box and write them in the blanks.

Shorter Prettier Faster More intelligent Cheaper than

than my sister. She is 1’62 feet

1. I am 1’52 feet tall, I am tall. 2. She looks

with make up on than all natural.

3. My dad car runs

than the truck I just bought.

4. I got a 10 on my exam; I am

than I used to be. the iPhone 10.

5. The iPhone 6 is

Talk to a partner. What would you give her /him? If you had the money, would you make him/her a surprise party? Instead of going on a trip together?

Read and listen carefully to the following conversation. Teacher: What is the problem with you Jose? Jose: I feel bad Miss Sarah. Teacher: What is the reason? Jose: Well, I came to school without having breakfast. Teacher: Oh Jose, that’s something really bad for you. Where is your father? Jose: My father is at his girlfriend’s house since yesterday night. Teacher: Do you know the phone number of the house? Jose: I don't know. However, I know his girlfriend’s phone number and his office’s. Teacher: Then let’s go ahead and inform him. Jose: Yes, teacher. I shall go. Teacher: Get some water and hot tea meanwhile. Jose: Yes, teacher thank you.

85

Answers to the following questions about the conversation above. 1. Where is Jose? 2. Why does Jose feel bad? 3.Where is Jose’s father? 4. Whom is Jose going to call? 5. What did the teacher tell Jose to get?

Get in team of two and talk about a day in which you felt sick at school and what was the reason. What did you do? Did you call your parents to pick you up?

1. problem 2. breakfast 3. office 4. phone 5. inform 6. girlfriend 7. teacher 8. house 9. sick 10. school

86

Superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs Many adverbs end in -ly, but many don’t. Generally, if a word can have -ly added to its adjective form, place it there to form an adverb. She thinks quick/quickly. How does she think? Quickly. She is a quick/quickly thinker. Quick is an adjective describing thinker, so no -ly is attached.

Examples

She thinks fast/fast. The word fast answers the question how, so it is an adverb. But fast never has -ly attached to it. We performed bad/badly. Badly describes how we performed, so -ly is added.

Write down five sentences using adverbs that end in -ly. See the examples given above. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Read carefully the following conversation. Planning a trip to Patzcuaro Me: (getting home) Hi family, I just saw a good offer to go visit “Janitzio” island in “Patzcuaro” wouldn’t it be a great idea for this weekend? Mom: Hi Sophie, how much is it? Dad: I think it would be better than being here at home. Brother: Well let’s go! I can invite my girlfriend. Me: it’s only 50 pesos to cross the island of Janitzio and get on the statue, we should just go visit, this Saturday. Brother: Yes! Just say yes Mom and Dad! Mom: Well let’s go, you guys deserve it. You’ve had good grades this semester Dad: When are we leaving? Should we take the car or the bus?

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Mom: Let’s go on the bus, that way we won’t have to worry about getting a good parking slot. Dad: Sure, how much is the bus? Me: the bus is 20 pesos each! Mom: Ok, let’s definitely go this weekend! Me: Yeah! All of us: It’s going to be the best trip!

Write down a short story of a trip you had with your family, talk about everything you did and who you went with.

In teams of three read the story of the family planning a trip to Patzcuaro, switch turns.

Read carefully, choose the correct comparative and fill in blanks. 1. This coffee tastes the other one. a) better than b) more better than c) more bitter 2. She seems a) more happy

since she got divorced. b) happier c) happiest

3. Could you speak a) slower b) more slowly

, please? I don’t understand you c) slowest

4. The economy is getting a) more worse b) badder

c) worse

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Write sentences using the superlatives from the box. 1. hardest

2.

highest loudest

3.

pretty

4.

rudest slowest

5. 6.

Write and talk with a classmate about what each of you prefer. Using the following example: Tacos/Pizza

I think pizza is better than tacos.

1. Books/cellphones

2. Forest/ocean

3. Computer/sports

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Lesson Project A short text about you, describe your actions For this lesson project, you will work in team of four. Each one of you will write a text using comparative and superlative sentences. Remember to use vocabulary you already know and vocabulary from lesson 3; then, talk about the experience of working in team by using comparative and superlative forms, continue practicing by looking for online exercises. Show the class your text and practice by reading it to the class.

Evaluation Rubric Excellent The student identifies the comparative and superlative forms. The student understands how comparative and superlative forms are used. The student uses grammar efficiently. The student uses vocabulary efficiently.

Scan this QR with your phone to learn more!

https-//cutt.ly/Oe6LrGx

Good

In process

Coevaluation In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him. Criteria My partner can work in pairs/groups.

My partner can express in English according to the needed structure and vocabulary. My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/her other partners. My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment Criteria I can remember what comparatives are.

I can remember what superlatives are.

I can use grammar efficiently.

I can write a complete text.

UNIT

COMPONENT It generates and integrates the central contents and responds to specific organization forms of each field or discipline. Communication and interpersonal relationships. Integration of learning communities. Contextualization of learning communities through students’ interests and academic experiences. The justification of the students’ opinion with an argument. The solid construction of one‘s original perspective.

CONTENT It corresponds to crucial learning. It is the highest-ranking content in the study program. Identify multiple uses of verbs ending with ing and be able to elaborate a survey deducing the differences between verbs in gerund and infinitive. Argumentative writing. Original argumentative writing.

SPECIFIC CONTENT It corresponds to the central contents and by their specificity; they establish the reach and depth of their approach. Questions to get information previously supposed. Using linking words to complete ideas.

EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOME They are descriptors of the learning process and performance indicators that students must achieve for each of the specific contents. Use tag questions. Communicate ideas and opinions giving additional information using words, which indicate cause, effect, or contrast.

Lesson 1

DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION Unscramble the questions.

1. you / able / your family / Was / to visit / when you were in the city?

2. the soccer field / the team / to use / Is / able / when it rains?

3. you / to study / Will / be / tomorrow?

4. you / Were / able / to work out / in the morning?

5. to use / Is / the computer / able / she / in the library?

Answer the crossword. 5

1 2

2 3

3 1

Across

1. He is able to take photographs. 2. When a person has everything in order. 3. To be free from outside control.

Down

1. When you go to an office or restaurant, this person is able to welcome you. 2. This person is able to sell things. 3. This person is able to advice you. 4. He is able to design houses, buildings and more. 5. A person who is thinking or reflecting.

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4

warmer How do you prefer your classes at school? What is more interesting for you, reading or watching videos? How do you study? Reading or watching tutorials? Which sport is more common at your school? Is playing basketball common among your friends?

Symptoms Vocabulary

Match each image to its corresponding vocabulary word. 1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1. talkative 2. analytical 3. botanists 4. extrovert

1

1

5. good listener 6. creative 7. wise

1

8. introvert 9. scientist 10. detective

95

Read and listen to the text. Then, complete it with the words from the box. reative Music orchestra director

patient Math analytical

Logic Physics Botanic

Hi! My name is Alicia and I'm from Brazil. I'm a high school student and I still don't know what to study in college. There are a lot of things I like. For example, I love nature and numbers. Since I was a little girl, I was able to water my garden plants because I have a special connection with nature. I am also able to foretell when it's . I am going to rain. My teachers think I should study and .

Hello! My friends call me Luka, but my real name is Luis Carlos. I’m from Argentina! I go to high school every day. My favorite subjects and . Since I was a little boy, I are loved music; my father is a tango singer in a local club. I am sensitive to sounds; also, I am good with instruments: I am able to play three instruments. I was even able to play the guitar in a week. My father because I have thinks I should become an a good ear. However, I want to have my own rock band. Hello! My name is Rodrigo and I’m from Oaxaca. Since I was in kindergarten, I loved numbers. At the age of four, I learned to count and make mathematical operations like the square root. I’m , I always get perfect 10 in Math, completely , and . I am able to solve complex arithmetic problems without calculator. I’d love to be able to design computer programs because I also like computers. My mom says I’m a little introvert. I’d like to become an engineer or a private detective.

96

Answer the questions. 1. Alicia is creative and patient.

6. Luka wants to be a scientist.

a) true

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn't say

b) false

c) it doesn't say

2. Alicia is able to play the guitar.

7. Rodrigo is a good listener.

a) true

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn't say

b) false

c) it doesn't say

3. Alicia's option to study in college is Chemistry.

8. Rodrigo is able to solve complex arithmetic problems.

a) true

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn't say

b) false

c) it doesn't say

4. Luka is sensitive to sounds and noise.

9. Rodrigo wants to be a private detective.

a) true

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn't say

b) false

c) it doesn't say

5. Luka is able to play six musical instruments.

10. Rodrigo is able to design computer games.

a) true

a) true

b) false

c) it doesn't say

b) false

c) it doesn't say

Read the grammar chart. Be able to We use be able to when we talk about a particular situation. Subject + be in past tense + able to + verb I was able to play the piano that night. + complement. She was able to go to the party. was/ were They were not able to win the match. wasn’t/ weren’t Subject + be in present tense + able to + I am able to play three instruments. He is able to speak three languages. verb + complement. They aren’t (were not) able to win the am/ are match. am not/ aren’t Subject + be in present tense + able to + I will be able to pass my exam. He will be able to train for the championship. verb + complement. They won’t (will not) be able to go to the will be championship. won’t be

97

Unscramble the sentences. 1. am / a day. / to read / I / 100 pages a day. / able to

2. run / in 9 minutes. / aren’t / You / able to / 5 kilometers

3. is able / for an hour. / She / to meditate

4. Luka / under water / to swim / for 50 seconds. / able / was

5. with the plants. / able / Alicia / was / to talk



6. Rodrigo / arithmetic operations / was / without a calculator. / able / to do

7. be able / French. / to speak / My teacher /will



8. able / My mother / to pick me up / will be / today.

9. My brother / able / the marathon tomorrow. / will be / to run

10. will be / to the soccers finals. / able / Our school principal / to go

98



Complete the table with information about yourself. Follow the examples. Then, share your information in class.

Questions Remember! We use be able to talk about a particular situation or a specific time:

Present

Past

Future

What are you able to do?

What are you able to do?

What will you be able to do?

Now that I know English, I am able to understand music lyrics and movies.

When I was a kid, I was able to play hide and seek for hours.

After training soccer every day, my team and I will be able to win the championship.

Now that I know English... When I was a kid... After training soccer every day...

1

1 Match each word with a picture.

1. crowd

1

1

1 1

2. empathy 3. energetic 4. paramedic 5. personal trainer

1

6. journalist 7. lecturer 8. critical

1

1 1

9. intuitive 10. librarian

99

Read the following text. My favorite person is definitely my friend Karl. We met in secondary school, in a writing class. He is good with words, so I think someday he will become a famous writer because he's so critical. He always helps me with my English homework because he is completely good at languages. He is able to speak English fluently. When he was a kid he used to live in France where he was able to speak French; now he forgot it. However, he is a great speaker. When he talks, everybody pays attention: definitely, the crowd goes silent with his words. He wants to become a lecturer in a prestigious university. Because of him, I understand how important speaking is for humans. Now, I take acting lessons. I hope that someday, I will be able to speak a lot of languages too. Roberto and Alfredo are identical twins, and they both are energetic and empathetic. However, they are incredibly different because their personalities are just the opposite. For example, one loves sports, and the other loves books. Roberto is able to play soccer, baseball and basketball like a professional. On the other hand, Alfredo barely can pass his P.E. class. However, Alfredo is able to read 300 pages a day, and he is able to get perfect grades in every subject. Roberto wants to be a personal trainer or a paramedic, Alfredo wants to be a journalist. Sometimes I think if we mix them, we'll get a perfect human being. Roberto would be able to do anything in life!

Answer the questions. 1. Is Karl able to speak English fluently? 2. Was Karl able to speak German when he was a kid? 3. What will Luis be able to practice someday? 4. How many sports is Roberto able to practice? 5. How many pages is Alfredo able to read every day?

100

Read the grammar chart. Be able to We use be able to when we talk about a particular situation. be in past tense + subject + able to + verb + complement?

was Karl able to speak French when he lived in France?

was/ were wasn’t/ weren’t be in present tense + subject + able to + verb + complement?

Is Karl able to speak English fluently?

am/ are will + subject + be + able to + verb + complement?

will I be able to speak English Fluently?

won’t

Complete and practice the sentences with a classmate. 1. A:

(Was / Were) he able to finish his homework last night?

B: No, he wasn't. He fell asleep. 2. A:

(Was / Were) you able to make your bed in the morning?

B: Yes, I was. Actually, I even cleaned my room. 3. A:

(Was / Were) your brother able to play soccer when he was a kid?

B: Yes, he was. Actually, he was in a team. 4. A:

(Am / Is / Are) you able to speak English fluently?

B: No yet. However, I'm taking classes now. 5. A:

(Am / Is / Are) you able to read 100 pages a day?

B: No, I am not. I don't even read.

101

Complete the table with questions you will ask three classmates. Follow the examples. Then, share their answers in class. Questionnaire Example: Classmate name

In the morning Were you able to go jogging in the morning?

Today Are you able to do homework today?

This weekend Will you be able to play soccer this Sunday?

Classmate name

Classmate name

Classmate name

Karl, Irene and Joseph

Read carefully the following text. Irene Hello! My name is Irene and I'm from Mexico. I'm a receptionist at an architect studio. This is my first job because I just finished high school! I am really organized and independent. I just turned out 18. Sometimes I am able to stay pensive at my desk for hours. From now on, I will be able to start saving money for a car. Karl Hi! My name is Karl. I am an architect and a photographer. I love drawing and taking photographs. I am able to notice colors and shapes. For me it's so important talking, my mom says I was talkative since I was a little boy. From now on, I will be able to sing because I'm taking singing lessons. Joseph Hey! My name is Joseph and I love sports. In addition, I really enjoy talking and meeting people. I have a lot of friends in high school. A lot of people think I only care about sports, but that is not true. I also love reading and writing and I can do it remarkably fast. I am even able to write poems, can you believe it? I hope that I will get into college. Right there, I will be able to take writing lessons. College is going to be awesome because I will be able to do two of my favorite things: playing baseball and writing poetry.

102

Answer the questions. 1. How is Irene? 2. What is Karl able to notice? 3. What else is Karl able to do? 4. How is Joseph? 5. What else is he able to do beyond those sports?

Answer the questionnaire and discover what kind of intelligence you have. Share your ideas in class. Intelligence test! 1. Are you able to resolve complex math operations without a calculator?

a) Yes! No! b) If you said yes, you’re probably a logical person.

a) Yes! b) No! If you said yes, you’re probably a talkative person. a) Yes! Are you able to notice sounds and noise all the b) No! If you said yes, you probably are a good listener. time? a) Yes! Are you able to draw and b) No! paint? If you said yes, you must be creative. a) Yes! Are you able to be silent b) No! and alone for hours? If you said yes, you can be pensive and introvert. a) Yes! Are you able to dance b) No! well? If you said yes, you may be kinetic and good at sports. a) Yes! Are you able to read and b) No! If you said yes, you might be analytical and linguistically write with passion? intelligent.

2. Are you able to talk with strangers for hours? 3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

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a) Yes! 8. Are you able to take care b) No! of plants? If you said yes, you might be sensitive and a naturalist. 9. Are you able to a) Yes! understand your b) No! thoughts and feelings If you said yes, you might be an intrapersonal person. easily? a) Yes! b) No! 10. Are you able to advise If you said yes, you might be empathetic and linguistically your friends wisely? intelligent. 11. Are you able to a) Yes! understand the meaning b) No! of weird words without a If you said yes, you might be linguistically intelligent. dictionary? a) Yes! 12. Are you able to foretell b) No! the weather? If you said yes, you are a naturalist.

Read the grammar chart. Be able to We use be able to when we talk about a particular situation. Subject + be + able to + verb + complement.

I am able to do my homework last night.

am / is / are (present) was / were (past) will be (future)

You are able to work today. They will be able to play soccer tomorrow.

Subject + be + able to + verb + complement. I wasn’t able to do my homework last night. You are not able to work today. They won’t be able to play soccer tomorrow.

am not / is not / are not wasn’t / weren’t isn’t / aren’t won’t be + subject + able to + verb + complement? am / is / are (present) was / were (past) will + subject + be+ able to + verb + complement? (future)

104

Was I able to do my homework last night? Are you able to work today? Will they be able to play soccer tomorrow?

Unscramble the sentences. 1. able / My mom / to organize / everything. / is

2. wasn't / independent. / She / to be / able

3. Was / to sell / able / the car? / the sales agent

4. to write / My counselor / able / with both hands. / is

5. able / The photographer / to work / isn't / with us today.

6. able / the architect / to design / Is / museums?

7. to the forest? / able / will / my classmates / to go / be

8. My friends / the party. / to go / be able / won't

9. The soccer team / able / the championship. / to win / will be



10. my homework. / be / I / won't / to finish / able

Talk with a partner about what you were able to do when you were a kid.

105

Lesson Project A short text about Alicia and Luka For this lesson project, you will write a short text about your physical capacity to do something by using the verb to be able to. Show the class your text and practice it with your classmates. The topic is open, though we recommend you to work with something you are familiar or using easy to follow vocabulary.

Evaluation Rubric Excellent The student identifies his/ her physical capacity to do something. The student understands what the verb to be able to is. The student understands the difference between can and to be able to. The student uses grammar efficiently.

The student uses vocabulary efficiently.

Scan this QR with your phone to learn more!

https://cutt.ly/QryiwtF

Good

In process

Coevaluation In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him. Criteria My partner can work in pairs/groups.

My partner can express himself/herself in English according to the needed structure and vocabulary. My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/her other partners. My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment Criteria I can remember what adverbs are.

I can use vocabulary related to intensifiers. I can use intensifiers.

I can understand what intensifiers are.

Lesson 2

warmer

Talk about gerund grammar form in class. Share some sentences and comment what you know about gerund rules.

Check the boxes of the things you like to do. Then, write five sentences. You will read your sentences in class. Painting a picture Cleaning the house Going for a walk Playing football

Relaxing at home Going for a coffee Talking with friends Making new friends

Cooking Chatting with friends.

Sentence 1: ______________________________________________________________________________________. Sentence 2: _____________________________________________________________________________________. Sentence 3: _____________________________________________________________________________________. Sentence 4: _ ____________________________________________________________________________________. Sentence 5: _____________________________________________________________________________________.

Shopping Vocabulary

Match the vocabulary words with the corresponding image. 1

1

1

1

1. frying pan 2. fishing rod

1

3. bathing suit 1

4. sewing machine 5. running shoes

1

6. punching bag 7. living room

1 1

8. shaving cream 1

9. shopping list 10. shopping cart

108

Match the sentence halves and then rewrite them on the lines below. 1. Driving at high speed… 2. Working overtime… 3. Eating healthy is important… 4. Making fun of others… 5. Reading books…

( ( ( ( (

) ) ) ) )

a. …can be helpful for getting a rise. b. …help you have knowledge. c. …is not polite. d. …is dangerous. e. …if you practice sports.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Read the grammar chart. Gerunds Gerunds are derived forms of verbs that act as nouns. They are formed by adding -ing. They can take the form of adjectives, subjects, and complements.

Gerunds as adjectives

Adjectives are words that describe qualities. Gerunds Example: can sometimes be used as adjectives when they give information about the subject. They are formed by Swimming pool: Pool for swimming (Gerund) adding -ing to verb. Sometimes present participle forms can be mistaken Swimming children: Children with gerunds. To differentiate between them you can for swimming (Present participle) reconstruct the phrase using for.

Gerunds as subjects

Gerunds can be used as subjects in a sentence. They Driving fast is dangerous. follow this structure: Subject + gerund + verb

Gerunds as complements

When the gerund is used as a complement, it follows this I always dreamt of going to structure: Subject + verb + gerund Canada.

109

Listen to the recording. Fill the blanks with the words you hear. PERSONALITY TYPES determined by our preferences. The Every one of us has different things we do, the way we act and think conform our personality. There are main types of them: protectors, creators, intellectuals, and visionaries. Let’s learn about them. are observant persons, with stable emotions that help maintain security in times of need. They are responsible and logical hard workers who like to think in a structured way, you will never see a protector at the supermarket without a detailed and with everything neatly ordered in the . They are very dedicated to what they do and value relationships and see the worth in everyone, encouraging teamwork. Protectors are often quiet and don’t seek positions are usually painting or making beards out of of authority. . They are flexible persons mainly driven by sensations and emotions. Usually thinking in the here and now, they are risk-taking and cooperative. Creators love new adventures, are highly social, and are easily adaptable and spontaneous. They are often artistic and creative, and can make an art studio out of their or learn how to use creative tools like a sewing in no time. are introspective and logical persons in an eternal quest for knowledge. They are very patient and don’t get bored with waiting for fish to bite. Usually strategic, intellectuals are organized and can understand and analyze complicated situations quickly and give solutions to them. They are often good chefs, always cooking or using . They make good leaders since they don’t mind explaining a complicated things to others. are intuitive and idealistic persons with excellent social skills. Often good at sports, they’re always putting on or their . They are expressive and supporting, always ready to help others. Visionaries are driven by their values and seek peace and well-being for those around them, since they seek to contribute to this world.

110

Answer the following comprehension questions. Remember to write complete sentences. 1. How many types of personality are there and how are they called?

2. How are protectors’ stable emotions helpful?

3. What type of hobbies do creators usually have?

4. What is the main quest of an intellectual person?

5. What drives visionaries’ actions?

Unscramble the letters to find the hidden vocabulary words. Then, write a sentence with each one. 1. POSPIHTSGNIL: Sentence: _________________________________________________________________. 2. DSIRHIFONG: Sentence: _________________________________________________________________. 3. RINOGLOVIM: Sentence: _________________________________________________________________. 4. NPIFARYNG: Sentence: _________________________________________________________________. 5. ECSAWHGEINMIN: Sentence: _________________________________________________________________.

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Gerunds or present participle

Write sentences using the words from the box. 1.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

2. 3. 4.

bathing suit shaving cream running shoes punching bag shopping cart

5.

Sometimes present participle forms can be mistaken with gerunds. To differentiate between them you can reconstruct the phrase using for. If it makes sense, it’s a gerund. Example:

Swimming pool —> pool for swimming (gerund) Falling leaves —> leaves for falling (present participle)

Reconstruct the following words to discover if it’s a gerund or a present participle form. Frying pan

Pan for frying

Gerund / Present participle

Fishing rod

Rod for fishing

Gerund / Present participle

Running water

Water for running

Gerund / Present participle

Interesting book

Book for interesting

Gerund / Present participle

Drinking water

Water for drinking

Gerund / Present participle

Swimming kids

Kids for swimming

Gerund / Present participle

Sewing machine

Machine for sewing

Gerund / Present participle

Shooting range

Range for shooting

Gerund / Present participle

Falling apple

Apple for falling

Gerund / Present participle

Shopping cart

Cart for shopping

Gerund / Present participle

112

Fill the crossword puzzle bellow. Across pan.

1. Cooking certain things is easier with a

bags are a great way of dealing with stress.

2. 3. Running

are necessary when competing on a race. suit for the beach!

4. I need to buy a new

room.

5. There’s a huge TV screen in my Down

rod.

1. Catching fish is easier with a

.

2. You can repair clothing if you have a sewing

.

3. Whenever, I go to the supermarket I always make a shopping cream every morning.

4. My dad uses

cart and now it’s gone!

5. I lost my purse! I left it in the 1

1

2 3 2 4

3

5 4

5

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Find the mistake in each sentence and then rewrite them correctly on the lines below. 1. Eat fruits and vegetables is important to have good health.

2. To arrive on time for class is very important. 3. Getting a job is not esey you need good qualifications.

4. Coking is my favorite hobby, especially when it’s for my family.

5. Smoker is very bad for your health you should avoid it.

Choose the correct option to complete each sentence.

1.

endangered animals is prohibited. a) Hunting b) Hunt c) To hunt

2. Could I use your machine, please? a) sew b) sewing c) sewer 3. One of my duties is a) cleaned

the classroom. b) clean c) cleaning

4. Could you lend me your a) fishing b) fisher 5.

in public spaces is not allowed. a) To smoke b) Smoke c) Smoking

6. I need to buy a new pair of a) running b) runner 7.

rod? I broke mine. c) fish

a) Fly

shoes for the competition. c) run

in a plane frightens me! b) Flying c) To fly

8. The best thing about reading is a) to have discover b) discovering 9.

new things. c) discovered

your teeth at least twice a day is important. a) Brushing b) Brush c) To brush

10. I really love a) have

b) had

breakfast in bed in winter. c) having

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Luis, Cristina, and the Teacher

Read and listen to the text. Then, practice the conversation. Luis: Teacher, I have a doubt about our exam.

Cristina: Yes, for me it's hard to study from books, I need to see everything in pictures.

Cristina: What? We don't have an exam, do we?

Teacher: From now on, I will use more pictures and videos in class. What about you Luis?

Teacher: Yes, you have an exam tomorrow. You are ready, aren't you?

Luis: I love sounds. For me, it's easy to learn when I hear podcasts. You don't like podcasts, do you, teacher?

Luis: I am ready! You're ready, Cristina, aren't you?

Cristina: Podcasts are boring! Videos on YouTube are definitely better, aren't they, teacher?

Cristina: I completely forgot it. It's going to be easy, isn't it? Teacher: A little. If you study, you will pass.

Teacher: We are all different. Therefore, we study in different ways. In my case, I learn with practice. I do a lot of Math exercises.

Luis: Math is easy for me. Cristina: That's because you do your homework every day, don't you?

Luis: Me too. You don't like practicing, Cristina, do you?

Teacher: It sounds like you don't like doing yours, Cristina.

Cristina: Just a little. However, today I really want to pass my exam...

Luis: She does. The point is she learns easily with flashcards, drafts, and drawings. She is a visual student, isn't she?

Teacher: You will pass, people! Relax!

Read the grammar chart. Question tags A question tag is a small question at the end of a statement. We use question tags when asking for agreement or confirmation. A positive statement + a negative statement.

A negative statement + a positive statement.

You are a student, aren’t you?

You are not a student, are you?

Subject + verb + complement. + verb + subject?

Subject + verb + complement. + verb + subject?

I like soccer, don’t I?

I don’t like soccer, do I?

You like Math, don’t you?

You like Math, do you?

She likes biology, doesn’t she?

She likes biology, do you?

We like sports, don’t we?

We like sports, do we?

I can play chess, can’t I?

I can’t play chess, can I?

She can play volleyball, can’t she?

She can’t play volleyball, can she?

They can do their homework, can’t they?

They can’t do their homework, can they?

115

Complete each statement with a question tag. 1. You love chemistry, 2. They can win the championship, 3. My classmates are in class, 4. My teacher likes English, 5. Hannah loves ice cream, 6. Frank doesn’t like animals, 7. My friends can't go to the movies, 8. Our teachers are friendly, 9. The bicycle is broken, 10. The library is closed,

Read and listen to the text. Sports reporter: Hello, fanatics! Today we are talking about a special event in our city. We have a basketball coach. Yes, our former coach was hired again. Let's remember he was away for a whole season. In addition, our basketball team didn't go as well as we wish. So, call now and tell me what do you think about it? Who is in the line? Fanatic: It's Rose. Sports reporter: What do you think about our basketball team? They will lose more matches this season, won’t they? Fanatic: Absolutely not! The coach is back. The board shouldn’t fire him, should they? Sports reporter: I totally agree with you. The board should make better choices, shouldn’t it? However, tell me? You will go to the opening season match, won't you? Fanatic: Unfortunately, I won't, I don't have tickets. Sports reporter: You have now. Because of your call, you are getting a couple of tickets. Therefore, you will be in first row in the basketball court, next to the basket, almost touching the net. You are excited, aren't you? Fanatic: Uh-uh.

Answer the questions. 1. The basketball team is celebrating its coach comeback. a) true b) false c) it doesn't say 2. The basketball team didn't play well last season, did they? a) true



b) false

c) it doesn't say

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3. The team’s board fired the coach, didn’t they? a) true



b) false

c) it doesn't say

4. The fanatic isn't going to the opening match, is he? a) true



b) false

c) it doesn't say

5. The fanatic will be in the first row. a) true



b) false

c) it doesn't say

Complete the statements with a question tag. Then, practice the tag questions with a classmate. 1. You are a student, aren't you?

6. You don't like homework,

2. You can swim,

7. You

aren't

a

8. You

aren't

in

3. You live with your parents, 4. You play sports,

university the

United

9. You like movies,

5. You go to school,

10. You like reading,

Match the vocabulary words with the corresponding image. 1 1. astronaut 2. DJ 3. surgeon

1

1

1

1 1

4. pilot 1

5. psychologist 6. architect 7. scientist 8. dentist

1 1

1

9. editor 10. designer

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student, States,

Lesson Project A short text about personality types For this lesson project, you will work in teams of four. Each of you will write a text using gerunds in sentences. Remember to use vocabulary you already know and vocabulary from lesson 3; then, talk about the experience of working in team by using gerunds as verbs, adjectives and nouns, continue practicing by looking for online exercises. Show the class your text and practice by reading it to the class.

Evaluation Rubric Excellent The student identifies gerunds as verbs, adjectives and nouns. The student understands how gerunds forms are used in different ways. The student uses grammar efficiently.

The student uses vocabulary efficiently.

Scan this QR with your phone to learn more!

https://cutt.ly/mryiwXb

Good

In process

Coevaluation In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him. Criteria My partner can work in pairs/groups.

My partner can express himself/herself in English according to the needed structure and vocabulary. My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/ her other partners. My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment Criteria I can remember what gerunds are.

I can use vocabulary relative to gerunds.

I can use grammar efficiently.

I can write a complete text.

Lesson 3

warmer

Complete the sentences with information about you. You will read your sentences in class. 1. I don’t like __________________ movies, but I love __________________ movies. 2. I didn’t make my homework, so _____________________________________________. 3. I don’t like _______________ nor _______________. 4. For my birthday, I would like to ______________________________ or _____________________________. 5. My favorite candy are _______________ and _______________.

Movies vocabulary According to you, match the expressions with the pictures. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

It was boring! It was cheesy! It was corny! It was interesting! It was con fusing! It was entertaining! It was hilarious! It was depressing!

120

Read the grammar chart. Correlative conjunctions These words are used to join phrases or words with equal importance within a sentence; they usually work in pairs. Using them requires the use of certain rules: •

Verbs must agree in number.

•

Pronouns must agree in number and person.

Examples: Subject + verb + both + adjective+ and+ adjective.

She is both intelligent and beautiful. Jerry is neither rich nor famous.

Subject + verb + neither + adjective+ nor + adjective.

He is not only intelligent but also very funny.

Subject + verb + not only + adjective+ but also + adjective.

Complete the sentences with both, neither, nor, not only and but also. 1. Chick flicks are

boring and cheesy. romantic and funny.

2. Romance movies are 3. Horror movies are neither scary

terrifying. fun nor hilarious.

4. Documentaries are 5. Westerns are not only old

entertaining. surreal but also fantastic.

6. Fantasy films are

intense.

7. Epic movies are not only long 8. Comedy films are

sad nor dramatic. luxurious.

9. Spy films are both entertaining 10. Crime movies are neither romantic

fun.

Read and listen to the text. Then, complete the text with the words you hear. David: I can't believe all these

want to watch the

Jen: I'd like to watch it too. Star Wars is not only a classic, but also entertaining. David: I don't

with you. Star Wars is both popular and boring.

Jen: Shut up! You can't say that out loud, the

121

will hear!

...

David: I don't care if they hear, it's the truth! There are better Jen: Maybe… however, I love my days.

...

. I could watch Titanic for the rest of

David: Titanic is absolutely bad! It's neither romantic nor fun. It's depressing! Jen: What are you talking about? At least, Titanic isn't as simple as the you love. David: Comedies are both hilarious and entertaining. Jen: Once in a while! But you're always are like that...

comedies. That's the reason you

David: What do you mean? Jen: I mean you're both silly and goofy. I'm

!

David: You must be!!! Jen: Look the

is moving...

Ticket salesman: What are you going to watch? David and Jen: Star Wars!

Match each sentence with the best answer. You didn't know we had an exam, did you?

( )

Luckily, I always study on Sundays, What about you?

( )

Since you're busy on Sundays, you will fail.

( )

c. No, I am not. I’d like to be ready because of my memory.

So, you knew we had an exam, didn't you?

( )

d. That’s not true. As we had an exam, I prayed yesterday.

You're kidding, aren't you?

( )

a. Me? I go to church on Sundays with my mom. b. I didn’t. My memory is terribly bad. I forget everything.

e. I always pray for passing my exams.

Match each sentence with the best answer. Then, practice the dialogue. Conversation one 1. I’m glad we could come to the movies. 2. I know, I wanted them to be happy. 3. They have neither happy endings nor weddings.

122

( ) ( ) ( )

a. At least, she kept the jewel for years. b. That’s the thing with epic films, they are tragic. c. Me too. Titanic is not only romantic but also really sad.

Conversation two 1. I didn't like the play. absolutely ridiculous.

The end was

( )

a. Me neither! The actors were both dirty and tired.

2. Next time, we should go to the movies, shouldn't we?

( )

b. It was! The actors looked terribly tired.

3. The play wasn't disappointing at all, was it?

( )

c. Absolutely, the movies are neither disappointing nor expensive.

Read the grammar chart. Coordinating conjunctions Coordinating conjunctions also called coordinators are words that join two or more items of equal importance within the same sentence. You can easily remember them using the acronym FANBOYS: F A N B O Y S For

And

Nor

But

Or

Complete each sentence. Then, read your sentences in class. 1. I need to get higher grades, for... _______________________________________________________________. 2. For lunch, I had a sandwich and... _______________________________________________________________. 3. Vegans don’t eat meat nor... _______________________________________________________________. 4. I wanted to become a DJ, but... _______________________________________________________________. 5. You could become a dentist or... _______________________________________________________________.

Unscramble the letters to discover the hidden words. 1. NATOSURAT:

4. GEDISERN:

2. ICOSHOPLYGTS:

5. CHATERICT:

3. NOSERUG:

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Yet

So

Unscramble the sentences and rewrite them on the lines below. 1. to / wanted / your / I / study. / I / party / have / to / to / but / go 2. want / I / go / I / have / I / to / homework. / to / out, / yet / make 3. up / want / or / astronaut. / When / to / an / I / dentist / I / be / grow / a 4. like / nor / onions / I / tomatoes. / don’t 5. wanted / go / the / I / I / bought / to / the / concert, / to / so / tickets.

Match the sentence halves. Then, rewrite the complete sentences on the lines below. 1. I don’t want to become a chemist… ( ) a. …I need a coffee and a donut. 2. I don’t like studying… ( ) b. …nor a physicist. 3. I need to get an A on the exam… ( ) c. …yet my favorite sport is baseball. ( ) d. …so I’ll have to study all night. 4. I’m so sleepy… ( ) e. …but it’s important to have good grades. 5. I play football… a. b. c. d. e.

Choose the correct option to complete each sentence. 1. I’m so hungry! I want a cheeseburger a hotdog. a) and b) but c) nor fish. 2. I don’t like vegetables a) but b) for c) nor I have homework. 3. I wanted to go to the concert a) or b) nor c) but an orange? 4. Do you want an apple b) or c) yet a) for I stayed up all night studying. 5. I needed to get an A in my exam, a) to b) so c)for

124

1. burglar 2. patrol 3. arrest 4. crime scene

Match each word with a picture. 1

1

1

1 1

5. fingerprints 6. guilty 7. handcuffs

1

1

8. police officer

1

Read and listen to the text.

Two pranksters put upside down the city Last night, a couple of young men were walking freely downtown. Nobody could see what they had underneath their hoodies. It was until they stopped at Diamond, the most famous jewelry in town, when they pulled off their shirts and with a seeming loaded gun asked for all the cash, diamonds as well. The shopping assistant who just started working that morning got terrified. Also, she was celebrating her 18th birthday. This is called bad luck, a bad day as well. In spite of the assistant’s cries of pain, nobody heard. Therefore, the robbers left with two millions of pesos in their backpacks. However, the day wasn't over for these two youngsters, because the jewelry called the police right after the thieves left as well as the youngsters stopped at a local park. Therefore, in a brief amount of time, six minutes to be precise, two police officers arrived and interviewed the terrified shopping assistant. Later, they rode their bikes and found the youngsters still in the local park, practicing tricks with their bicycles. The fight went on, if we can call it a fight, because the youngsters surrendered immediately. So today, we believe we have a couple of real heroes, don't we? Moreover, the two cops received a medal, and a couple of prizes from the jewelry as well.

125

Underline the correct answer: True/False or It doesn’t say. The two robbers were young. 1. a) True b) False c) It doesn't say The robbers took only cash. 2. a) True b) False c) It doesn't say 3. The robbers used skateboards. a) True b) False c) It doesn't say 4. The police officers arrived late to the crime scene. a) True b) False c) It doesn't say The robbers weren't arrested. 5. a) True b) False c) It doesn't say

Linking words to add information

Read the grammar chart.

Linking words to add information: as well, also, in addition, moreover. We use these words to add information. Examples: The cops chased the vehicle as well as they arrested the youngsters. The robbers stole money, jewels also. The robber stole the money, also they ignored the traffic lights. In addition, they recovered the money. Moreover, they took the robbers to jail. Subject+ verb+ object, + nouns + as well. The robbers took cash, jewels as well. The cops chased the vehicle as well as arrested them.

We use this structure to add a noun to a sentence. Subject+ verb+ complement + as well as + subject+ verb+ complement We use this structure to link two sentences. Subject+ verb+ complement, + also + nouns.

The robbers stole money, also jewels.

We use this structure to add a noun to a sentence.

The robber stole the money. Also they ignored the Subject+ verb+ complement. + also + subject+ verb+ complement traffic lights. We use this structure to link two sentences. In addition + subject + verb + complement. In addition, they recovered the money. Moreover, they took the robbers to jail.

We use In addition to add a sentence that expresses a conclusion. Moreover + subject + verb + complement. We use moreover to add a sentence that expresses a conclusion.

126

Choose the best option to form proper sentences. 1. The police officer saved a child, as well/also a cat. 2. In addition/ Moreover, the news declared the cops arrested 20 people. 3. The thieves ran away. Also/As well, they stole a car. 4. The witness called the cops as/as well as he locked his door. 5. Moreover/ In addition, the neighbors ignored the shots. 6. The withness closed his door, his curtains also/as well. 7. In addition/ Moreover, they found the car stoled by the criminal. 8. In addition/ Moreover, the cops left the crime scene late. 9. The sheriff called the hospital, the jail also/as well. 10. The jail opened its doors as well/as they waited for the guilty youngsters.

Match each sentence with the best answer. Then, practice the sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4.

You watched the news, didn't you? Me too! The crime scene is absolutely close. I know the burglar he lives on my street. W couldn’t belive it.

( ( ( (

) ) ) )

a. I heard the robbers took cash, as well as jewels. b. Yes, I did. I was so scared. c. Really? He used to study at the same school than me. d. Me too! Every classmate was both sad and mad.

127

Lesson Project A conversation between David and Jen For this lesson project, in pairs you will write a short conversation about you and a friend using correlative words. Practice you conversation as much as you can and then present it to the class. The topic is open, though we recommend you to work with something you are familiar or using easy to follow vocabulary.

Evaluation Rubric Excellent The student identifies correlative words.

The student understands how correlative words are used. The student uses grammar efficiently.

The student uses vocabulary efficiently.

Scan this QR with your phone to learn more!

https://cutt.ly/UryirnC

Good

In process

Coevaluation In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him. Criteria My partner can work in pairs/groups.

My partner can express himself/herself in English according to the needed structure and vocabulary. My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/ her other partners. My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment Criteria I can remember what correlative words are. I can use vocabulary about correlative words. I can use grammar efficiently.

I can write a complete text.

Lesson 4

warmer

Talk in class using this linking words in a conversation (for, because, because of, since, and as).

Transport Vocabulary

Match each word with a picture.

1

1

1

1

1 1

1. van 2. bus 3. ambulance

1 1

4. scooter 5. balloon 6. subway

1 1

7. train 8. rowboat 9. ferry 10. carriage

Receptionist and tourist conversation

Read and listen to the text.

Receptionist: Hello, Welcome to Island Inn! Tourist: Hi! The hotel is so beautiful! Receptionist: Thanks, is it just you? Tourist: No way! It's me and thirty more people. Receptionist: What's the motive of your visit? Tourist: We are here because we just finished high school. Receptionist: Since you finished high school, we have a special offer for you.

130

Tourist: That's amazing! We got an extra prize for our effort. Receptionist: It sounds like you had amazing grades. Tourist: No, I didn't. Actually, I'm going to repeat the year. Receptionist: As you'll repeat the year, you can have three extra nights for your next visit. Tourist: That's great! I'm getting prizes because of my failure. This is weird! Receptionist: In Island Inn, we always accomplish your desires... Tourist: As my desires are orders, I want the best suite. Receptionist: Anything else, gentleman? Mom: Wake up! It's getting late for school…

Answer the questions. 1. The trip happened because of a high school graduation. a) True b) False c) It doesn't say 2. The receptionist has 30 workmates.

a) True

b) False

c) It doesn't say

3. The students won't get any special offer.

a) True

b) False

c) It doesn't say

4. The student passed all his subjects.

a) True

b) False

c) It doesn't

5. The student will book the cheapest suite.

a) True

b) False

c) It doesn't say

Read the grammar chart. Reason linking words We use these words to add a reason. In other words, we use for, because, since, as, because of to explain what causes a situation. They went on a trip for their graduation.

They went on a trip for their graduation.

They went on a trip because they celebrated their Effect + for / because / because of + cause. Subject+ verb + complement for / because / + noun. graduation. They went on a trip because of their graduation. Since it was their graduation, they went on a trip. As it was their graduation, they went on a trip. Since / As + cause, + effect. Since it was their graduation, they went on a trip.

Effect + because + cause. They went on a trip because they celebrated their graduation.

Since / As + subject + verb + complement, + subject + Subject + verb + complement + because + subject + verb verb + complement. + complement.

131

Complete the sentences with for, because, because of, since, and as. the exposition.

1. They were in the museum

of their biology class.

2. My classmates visited the forest 3.

I was sick, I went to see the doctor.

4.

it was cold, they couldn’t swim in the ocean.

5. They were wearing a jacket

it was cold.

6. The team played well

their hard work. homework.

7. The cheerleaders didn't go to the match 8.

the bus was expensive, they walked.

9.

everybody was tired, they didn't play soccer.

10. I studied a lot

my exam.

Answer the questions in the table. Using for, because, because of, since, and as to link each cause and its effect. Describe an incident in your life. It can be funny, scary, or tragic. 1. Describe an incident in your life. It can 2. What happened later? (effect) be funny, scary, or tragic. 3. Who was with you? (effect)

4. Why these people were with you? (cause)

5. What was the main cause of the incident? 6. What were the most significant (cause) consequences of that incident? (effect) Your story…

132

Read the grammar chart. For instance , for example, in other words, that is to say, such as, like... The expressions for example, and For instance are fallowed by supporting details for the word directly mentioned before it.

The expressions in other words and that is to say introduce. clarifying information for the word. If clause directly before it.

The expressions such as and like relate supporting details to the word directly mentioned before it.

Vitamin C is found in citruses. For example, limes, lemons and oranges.

Eating citruses helps our bodies in other words, citruses are healthy.

citruses such as lemons and limes Contain Vitamin C.

Vitamin C is found in citruses. For instance, limes, lemons, oranges.

Eating citruses helps our bodies. That is to say , citruses are healthy.

Citruses like lemons and limes Contain vitamin C.

Sentence +for example, nouns.

Sentence. That is to say, subject+verb+complement sentence, in other words, subject+verb+complement

noun+such as+noun+noun+verb+complement noun + like + noun + noun + verb + complement

Match the sentences halves by writing the corresponding letter in each box. 1. So, what is the reason of your visit? 2. What do you eat for breakfast? 3. That's not bad. They contain fiber and carbs. a. I always eat cereals like oatmeal or corn flakes. b. I want to lose some weight, but my diet isn't the best. c. And they give me energy. That is to say, I feel so well after eating them. 1. Next week are the finals. 2. What are you doing about it? 3. Last year I was trying to gain weight too. In other words, I was so skinny. a. Hopefully, now you are our captain and best player. b. I started eating more proteins such as fish, chicken, and pork. c. I know, I'm so excited! But the coach says I need to gain weight.

133

Write a text in your notebook where you describe your diet. You can talk about your favorite food or food you don't like. Use for instance, ​for example, ​in other words, that is to say, such as, ​and​​like.

Read the grammar chart. Linking words to contrast ideas Despite, in spite, although We use these expressions to show the contrast between two sentences. In other words, we link a sentence with its contradiction by using despite, in spite of, although. Despite / In spite of

Although / Even though

They eat junk fook despite their lack of nutrients is. They eat junk fook in spite of their lack of nutrients.

1.They eat junk food although/even though they know junk food not good 2.Even though/ Although they know junk food is not healthy , they eat junk food.

Sentence +despite/in spite of + noun Sentence+despite/in spite of +pronoun+noun Sentence+despite /in spite of + determiner+noun

1.sentence+ although/even though+sentence 2. although/even though+ sentence,sentence

Choose the correct option and write in the blanks. 1. ​

the salads, they ate tacos. (In spite of / Although)

2.

​the cold weather, they didn't drink tea. (Despite / Although) she was on a diet. (despite / ​although​)

3. She ate cake 4.

she eats healthy, she got sick. (In spite / A ​ lthough​)

5.

the cake was big, it wasn't enough. (Despite / Even though​) ​it was spicy. (despite / even though)

6. She ate mole​ 7.

his injury, he played soccer. (Despite / Even though)

8.

the money, they bought a present. (In spite of / Even though)

9.

the food was delicious, she didn't eat. (In spite / Although) ​she didn't prepare any salad.

10. She bought the vegetables ​ (despite / even though)

134

Match each sentence with the best answer. Then, practice them. 1. Were you at the party? 2. Seriously? What happened?



3. You didn't eat any salad despite your diet. 4. That’s sad! Do you need anything? 5. Did you pass your exam? 6. But I saw you studying. a.

She was mad at me despite our friendship.



b.

Yes, I was. Although I wasn’t invited.



c.

No, thanks. I'm fine even though my stomach hurts.



d.

I know, I'm feeling a little sick.



e.

No, I didn’t…



f.

In spite of my effort, I didn’t pass.



Fill the chart with real information. About yourself Describe your best friend’s qualities:

Describe your best friend’s defects:

Describe your brother’s qualities:

Describe your brother’s defects:

Describe your own qualities:

Describe your own defects:

135

Read the grammar chart. Then, write a conclusion for each sentence. LINKING WORDS TO CONCLUDE We use finally, overall, therefore, and as a result to introduce a concluding sentence. Finally They fought for years. Finally, they became friends again.

Overall They were classmates and they played in the soccer game. Overall, they were friends.

Therefore

Detailing sentence + Finally concluding sentence. overall therefore as a result

They played well, they scored three goals. Therefore, they won.

As a result They didn’t study. As a result they failed.

Write a conclusion for each sentence. 1. She plays the saxophone since she was five. Therefore,_____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. She didn't pass her ordinary exams. As a result,_____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. She was happy and she was always smiling. Overall, ________________________________________________________________________________________. 4. The doctor examined the patient. Then, the patient cried. Finally,________________________________________________________________________________________. 5. The students finish fast the marathon. As a result,____________________________________________________________________________________. 6. The students were cheating on their exam. As a result, ____________________________________________________________________________________. 7. Chemistry was hard, Physics was hard. Overall, ________________________________________________________________________________________. 8. Reading fast is not easy at all, neither is writing. Overall,________________________________________________________________________________________. 9. Practicing yoga is relaxing and hard. Overall, ________________________________________________________________________________________.

136

Match each sentence with its best result. I studied completely hard. He's been playing soccer for ten years. She cooks delicious food, her pasta is so tasty. She's been calling me for hours. She was sick for ten days.

a. b. c. d. e.

Overall, her barbacoa is the best. As a result, I got a 10. Therefore, he is such a good player. As a result, she's getting surgery. As a result, I blocked her number.

Write in your notebook two conclusions about your life after high school. Write supporting details first. Then, use finally, overall, therefore, and as a result to introduce your conclusion. Example: I have been studying so hard for my college admission exam; in addition, I have been studying English. Therefore, I will get a scholarship.

Share your two conclusions in class.

137

Lesson Project A conversation between a receptionist and a tourist  For this lesson project, you will write a short conversation about a receptionist and a tourist using linking words. Show the class your conversation and practice it with your classmates. We recommend you to work with something you are familiar or using easy to follow vocabulary.

Evaluation Rubric Excellent The student identifies linking words.

The student understands how linking words work.

The student uses grammar efficiently.

The student uses vocabulary efficiently.

Scan this QR with your phone to learn more!

https://cutt.ly/kryir5a

Good

In process

Coevaluation In pairs, evaluate your partner’s understanding of this lesson. You may ask questions to your partner in order to evaluate her/him. Criteria My partner can work in pairs/groups.

My partner can express himself/herself in English according to the needed structurevand vocabulary. My partner acts responsibly.

My partner shares information with his/ her other partners. My partner communicates efficiently.

Self-assessment Criteria I can remember what linking words are.

I can use vocabulary relative to linking words. I can use grammar efficiently.

I can write a complete text.

READING PART 1

Match notices to sentences. (

)

(

)

3. When you are in the library you… A. Turn off your cellphone during the film. B. Emergency room doesn’t allow visitors today. C. If you use a book, place it in the dolly. D. You can’t open magazines. E. Eating is prohibited in this area of the park. F. Don’t disturb the animals. G. Don’t take photographs of the pandas. H. The flight to Mexico was canceled.

(

)

4. If you experience problems with our hotel services… A. For mechanical problems, call our service agency. B. Room service is available 24/7 at 7712210147. C. Fitting Rooms are closed. D. Be cautious! Wet floor! E. Don’t use coins with this washer machine. F. This ATM doesn’t give cash. G. Call 911 in case of an emergency. H. Ring the bell if you need help with your luggage.

(

)

1. Smokers who are in a restaurant must respect this. A. You have to be at least 1.50 to use our games. B. Designated smoking area. C. Be silent, people are reading! D. Designated smoking area. E. Be silent, people are reading! F. Don't litter in the park. G. Room Service: 443-318-20-74. H. This street is closed at 10 pm. 2. If you are having a picnic, you should respect this. A. Don’t feed the squirrels during picnics. B. Don’t use flash! C. New train timetable starts from November 23. D. Oversize clothes are here! E. Last train leaves at midnight. F. Missed suitcases here! G. Office hours: 9 to 5. H. The mail will be delivered at the reception office.

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( ) 5. Our library will be closed this weekend. A. It’s prohibited to walk dogs in this area. B. Don’t smoke! C. Place recyclable material here! D. Dinner is served at 7 pm. E. Don’t swim in this area. F. Deposit your books in the automatic box. G. Only people with ID can pass. H. Visitors must call our guests before accessing the building.

PART 2

Questions 6-10

The people below all want to watch a movie. On the next page, there are descriptions of five movies. Decide which movie would be the most suitable for the following people.

6. Luis ( )

Luis likes to learn more about the history, see what happened in the world, and enjoy seeing wars. He prefers to watch an epic film filmed in the fifties.

7. Fatima (

)

Fatima likes watching comedy films. She enjoys watching series where the characters are comic and clumsy, and can follow them from one episode to another. Her favorite actor is Jim Carrey.

8. Rosa (

)

Rosa enjoys music and films and wants to watch films with music, so musicals. Her favorite musical is Cats. She likes programs that are a mixture of interviews and live music. She adores concerts.

9. Grace (

)

Grace is interested in nature because she likes watching documentaries about different parts of the world and different ecosystems. She especially enjoys programs about tribes living in distant parts around the world.

10. William (

)

William is fond of comic books in general and superheroes. He loves watching films about superheroes and the end of the world. He started collecting comic books and Star Wars figures when he was ten. In addition, he collects rocks and miniature spaceships.

FILMS A) Find out about the life of Raramuri: a tribe living in Mexico. This documentary shows a different society that has survived through the years living in the mountains. B) Space soldiers is a sci-fi film that describes an intergalactic war between humans and vulcanos. The plot describes how the Vulcano prince falls in love with a human soldier.

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C) The ancient war of Troy from the eyes of children, now as a musical. An appealing and epic story described from the youngest inhabitants of the ancient city of Troy. Among soldiers, there were children trying to understand the effects of war. D) 1919: the pain of Spain is a film completely recorded in Spanish. For the first time, the truth about the Spanish Civil War appears in a major film. Great acting and beautiful scenarios. E) The Mask II: our beloved Jim Carrey gets back to the big screen with the second part of the classic Mask. Full with a new character, new enemies and new powers. A new fresh story where The Mask has to fight with laughs against an evil clown.

PART 3 QUESTIONS Look at the sentences below about an amusement park. Read the text below to decide if each sentence is correct or incorrect. If it is correct, write A. If it is not correct, write B. 11. Canada's Wonderland opened in 1984. 12. Paramount park included six themed areas. 13. Canada's Wonderland is the biggest amusement park in North America. 14. Canada's Wonderland includes exactly 200 attractions. 15. The Yukon Striker is a normal roller coaster. 16. Leviathan is the second tallest coaster in North America. 17. There are a lot of food stations. 18. Canada's Wonderland traditional dessert are cupcakes. 19. Canada's Wonderland doesn't offer any winter attraction. 20. People can skate in the biggest ice rink in the world. Initially started with the name of Paramount Park in 1981. It included five themed areas: International Street, Medieval Faire, Grande World Expo 1890, The Happy Land of HannaBarbera and Frontier Canada. Now, its name is Canada's Wonderland. Canada’s Wonderland is home to more than 200 attractions, 77 rides including 17 rollercoasters, and Splash Works (a 20-acre water park). It features North America’s largest variety of coasters including Canada’s tallest and fastest coaster: Leviathan, Canada's longest wooden coaster. If roller coasters aren’t for you, try out one of the many flat rides, play a game, catch a show, or grab a bite to eat at one of the many delicious food stations and restaurants with international food and our traditional funnel cake. The park will introduce Yukon Striker, a world-record-breaking water roller coaster. Also, winter fest, an immersive holiday-themed event, making it truly an amusement park for all seasons. You can enjoy the rides and snow at the same time in the biggest ice rink in the world.

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PART 4

Questions 21- 25

Read the text and questions below. For each question, mark the correct option a, b or c. 21. With a healthy diet, humans can live long and healthy. a) true

b) false

c) it doesn't say

22. A lot of people ignore the importance of a healthy diet. a) true

b) false

c) it doesn't say

23. There are four groups of food.  a) true

b) false

c) it doesn't say

24. Most of the people eat enough vegetables in a day. a) true

b) false

c) it doesn't say

25. There are vegetables such as potatoes, we shouldn’t eat a lot. a) true

b) false

c) it doesn't say

A simple guide to healthy eating When talking about food, everything is important. In other words, we have to take care of everything we eat. Especially since eating healthy could let us have long healthy lives. However, not everybody knows the importance of food, but today we are going to discover it. Let's start by saying there are five food groups, such as vegetables and legumes, fruits, grain foods, leans meats and poultry, and dairy products. Let’s learn about vegetables and fruits.

Vegetables and legumes Studies say we don't eat enough vegetables a day. That is to say, we don't eat them in a balanced way. For example, sometimes we eat a lot of potatoes when we shouldn't eat more than half a potato every day. However, it's never late to add more vegetable portions in different dishes like salads, juices, or a steamed bowl. Another thing we commonly miss are legumes like lentils, peas, and beans. We must eat them! They help us build muscles.

Fruits Everybody likes fruits because of their sweet flavor. In addition, they are not just sweet; they are healthy for their nutrients beyond vitamins. This is to say, they have more than only vitamins they also have antioxidants. However, we have to be cautious not to abuse fruits. For instance, they have a lot of sugar, so we have to eat them carefully. They help us to strengthen our skin.

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PART 5

Questions 26- 35

Read the text below and choose the correct word for each space. Mark the correct letter a, b, or c. Edgar Allan Poe (26)

born in Boston on January 19, 1809. Orphan at the

age of three, he had a destructive relationship (27) he (29)

him in 1810. Poe (30)

schools in (31) Virginia, (32)

his adoptive father, (28) into numerous

England and the United States, including the University of he left because (33)

a style of his own. He (35)

lack of money. Poe (34)

of the first short story writers and one of the first

who lived of his periodical publications, even though most of his life he had a precarious lifestyle. He wrote poetry, fiction, and satires, influenced by his serious problems with debts, gambling, and alcohol. He died on October 3, 1849, for still unknown reasons. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

a) is a) in a) until a) abandoned a) is a) both a) that a) of a) made a) become

b) was b) with b) that b) was abandoned b) was b) neither b) what b) from b) make b) became

c) will c) then c) what c) will abandon c) will c) where c) which c) a c) makes c) becoming

WRITING PART 1 Questions 1-5

Here are some sentences about a tour guide. For each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. 1. The tour guide told us the church was closed today. The tour guide said, 2. The museum has changed its exhibitions three times this year. The museum its exhibitions this year. 3. The Mona Lisa has been restored hundreds of times. The Mona Lisa hundreds of times. 4. This sculpture was in Europe first, and then it was in Africa. This sculpture has continents. 5. The Mona Lisa is more popular than the David is. The David than The Mona Lisa.

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PART 2

Question 6

You went camping for the summer with your American friends Alex and Anthony. Write an e-mail to your mom. In your email, you should describe: - All the routines you have in the camping. - Describe what you did on the first day.

Write from 35-45 words.

PART 3 Write an answer to ONE of the questions (7 or 8) in this part. Write your answer in about a hundred words on a paper sheet.

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Questions 7 Write a letter where you ask for information about a scholarship. - Write about what you will do in order to keep your scholarship. - Ask enough information about what are the requirements to keep the scholarship.

Questions 8 Write a letter for a library board. - Ask about requirements in order to get a library card. - Ask how many books they own. - Ask every service they offer. (Video, magazines, etc.)

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"Listen to silence. It has much to say." Rumi

What is silence?

Sometimes living becomes stressing: our world can be chaotic. There is a lot of noise, pay attention: there is a classmate shouting, a car breaking the wind and a distant dog is barking: this noise will never fade away. Do you feel it? However, we have a superpower against noise: its name is silence. We all have silence within us, did you know it? Have you felt it? Silence has multiple benefits in a lot of aspects. If we become more silent we could achieve to be the very best version of our selves. Silence is the only constant in every philosophy and religion around the world. From Chinese Taoism to the Amazonian tribes, silence is pure gold. How much silence do you have? How much power can you achieve? In a universe full of mysteries, silence is the greatest first step we must achieve in order to be happy. Do you want to be happy? Today’s challenge is to generate silence.

Activity 1. Answer the next questions. - What is the most stressing thing in your school life? - Do you like having everything under control? Before we go on, remember: being a student is complicated for everyone. There isn't a perfect school life, so you must relax and understand that everything will work on its own way. However, there are certain rules we have to understand. For example: controlling everything can harm our nervous system and cause stress. Activity 2 Find your happy place. You need to have more than one. One can be at school, a place surrounded by nature. There you can practice breathing exercises. Get comfortable. You can lie on your back in bed or on the floor with a pillow under your head and knees. Or you can sit in a chair with your shoulders, head, and neck supported against the back of the chair.

1.

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Breathe in through your nose. Let your belly fill with air. Breathe out through your nose. Place one hand on your belly. Place the other hand on your chest. As you breathe in, feel your belly rise. As you breathe out, feel your belly lower. The hand on your belly should move more than the one that’s on your chest. Take three more full, deep breaths. Breathe fully into your belly as it rises and falls with your breath.

You can practice this technique anytime you feel stressed out. Some people do it every morning or before going to bed. Choose what suits best for you.

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“Don’t wait until the absolute last minute to deliver on anything. Work ahead on your existing assignments, and plan ahead with your editorial calendar.”

William Shakespeare

Why is complicated to communicate our feelings? People feel in different ways. This is one of our main problems. We have learned to communicate in different ways. Some of us are passive, some others are aggressive and the rest is assertive. However, since we shared a lot of activities every day at school. However, we can diminish our problems if we learn to communicate in an assertive way. Activity 1.

- What is to be an aggressive person? Are you aggressive? - What is to be a passive person? Are you a passive person? - Would you like to become a person that communicates assertively? What is to be assertive? Being assertive means being able to stand up for your own or other people’s rights in a calm and positive way, without being either aggressive or passively accepting ‘wrong’. By being assertive we should always respect the thoughts, feelings, and beliefs of other people. Would you like to become assertive? Follow this easy guide to become assertive! - Express your wishes, thoughts, and feelings and encourage others to do the same. - Listen to the views of others and respond appropriately, whether in agreement with those views or not. - Accept responsibilities and be able to delegate to others. - Regularly expressing appreciation of others for what they have done or are doing. - Be able to admit your mistakes and apologize. - Maintain self-control. - Behave as an equal to others. Activity 2 - Imagine you have a conflict with someone. - Make teams of three people. Two must be the opponents and the third part will regulate the dialogue. - In team, describe the qualities of the people within the conflict. - Do you want to solve your problem? - If you said yes: every part will write their emotions in a polite way. - Approach each other and perform a dialogue based on respect and self-control. - Remember, in a conflict both parts are humans and both parts deserve to be heard. - If you reach the point where you express all your emotions you can forgive each other. - Then, your friendship can be back because you have learned a big lesson: misunderstandings exist.

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“The price of greatness is responsibility.” Winston Churchill

How many times do you feel forced to do something you don’t want to do at school? Would you like to become a responsible student and then a successful adult? In every great story there are great leaders and heroes. Have you ever wondered what they have in common? Yes, they are responsible people. Being responsible brings a lot of advantages in our everyday life. For example, responsible people are more confident, can solve problems easily, have better relationships, become a role model, are good at making choices. Would you like to have the power of improving your life? Keep reading! Activity 1. Write ten activities that are obligations in your everyday life. . . . . . . . . .

1. I have to 2. I have to 3. I have to 4. I have to 5. I have to 6. I have to 7. I have to 8. I have to 9. I have to 10. I have to

.

Activity 2. Write a future benefit for every activity previously written. 1. If I accomplish this I will 2. If I accomplish this I will 3. If I accomplish this I will 4. If I accomplish this I will 5. If I accomplish this I will 6. If I accomplish this I will 7. If I accomplish this I will 8. If I accomplish this I will 9. If I accomplish this I will 10. If I accomplish this I will

. . . . . . . . . .

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Activity 3. Rewiring your obligations. From now on, reset your brain! You don’t have obligations: you decide, you choose and you want to achieve power. The power of completing and getting things done. Rewrite your obligation without using I have or I must. Then underline what you get after completing your things. 1. I decide to, I choose to, I want to a) more confident d) become a role model

in order to become

b) solve problems easily e) good at making choices.

in order to become

2. I decide to, I choose to, I want to a) more confident d) become a role model

b) solve problems easily e) good at making choices. b) solve problems easily e) good at making choices. b) solve problems easily e) good at making choices. b) solve problems easily e) good at making choices. b) solve problems easily e) good at making choices. b) solve problems easily e) good at making choices. b) solve problems easily e) good at making choices. b) solve problems easily e) good at making choices.

c) have better relationships

in order to become

10. I decide to, I choose to, I want to a) more confident d) become a role model

c) have better relationships

in order to become

9. I decide to, I choose to, I want to a) more confident d) become a role model

c) have better relationships

in order to become

8. I decide to, I choose to, I want to a) more confident d) become a role model

c) have better relationships

in order to become

7. I decide to, I choose to, I want to a) more confident d) become a role model

c) have better relationships

in order to become

6. I decide to, I choose to, I want to a) more confident d) become a role model

c) have better relationships

in order to become

5. I decide to, I choose to, I want to a) more confident d) become a role model

c) have better relationships

in order to become

4. I decide to, I choose to, I want to a) more confident d) become a role model

c) have better relationships

in order to become

3. I decide to, I choose to, I want to a) more confident d) become a role model

c) have better relationships

b) solve problems easily e) good at making choices.

From now on you are responsible!

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c) have better relationships

153

UNIT 1 SUBJECT: ECOLOGY I love green Life as we know is beautiful but it could change. However, we must help. Today is all about understanding we all are connected. No matter how distant we feel, we are connected. I am linked with a lion; you are linked with a giraffe. Sometimes we feel we can’t do anything for nature. Do you know how? I will tell you.

FIRST

In your own words, define the next words. Ecosystem: Community: Balance:

SECOND

Now, mix the previous concepts and explain how they are connected with you. Follow my example. Why our ecosystems are important? They are like our house, so how must we treat our house? First, we should see each other as a community: your neighbor, your dog: we all are a community. As members of a community, we must understand where we are.

THIRD

Now, research on the internet the variety of ecosystems in Mexico. Find out in which ecosystem you inhabit. Then, discover what the main ecological problems in your town are. In teams, write a plan where you can help your ecosystem. You have to consider the three main concepts of today: ecosystem, community and balance.

UNIT 2 SUBJECT: PHYSICS

An experiment with light The results of this experiment are pretty surprising. People always wonder how the arrow changes its direction. Supplies Needed - Piece of paper - Marker - Glass - Water

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Experiment Instructions

FIRST Get a piece of paper, and draw two arrows on it. One arrow near the top and one arrow near the bottom. Make the arrows point in the same direction.

SECOND Fill a glass with water.

THIRD

Slowly lower the piece of paper behind the glass of water.

FOURTH Look through the glass of water and watch what happens. What happens? The scientific concept that is at work in this experiment is called refraction, which means the bending of light. Refraction occurs when light travels from one medium into another. During the experiment, the light traveled from the image through the air, then through the glass cup into the water, and finally out of the glass cup and into the air once more before it reached our eyes. This means that the light bends once when it traveled through the glass cup into the water, and then it bends again when it traveled out of the glass cup and into the air. As a result, the light paths cross and the image appears to be flipped horizontally (left/right).

UNIT 3 SUBJECT: CALCULUS

There's a variety of things you can do with these flashcards. You can study, play a memory game. In addition, you can find its equivalent terminology in Spanish and they can help you study for your future Mathematics exams. Good Luck! Don't fail! In case you don't understand certain terms, ask your mathematics teacher. Because Mathematics is a universal language. CUT OUT ON PAGES: 157 AND 159

155

VERB LIST VERB

SIMPLE PAST

PAST PARTICIPLE

VERB

SIMPLE PAST

PAST PARTICIPLE

allow

allowed

allowes

hate

grew

grown

bake

baked

baked

hear

heard

heard

become

became

become

hold

held

held

begin

began

begun

hope

hoped

hoped

believe

believed

believed

hurt

hurt

hurt

belong

belonged

belonged

improve

improved

improved

boil

boiled

boiled

know

knew

known

break

broke

broken

lend

lent

lent

buy

bought

bought

let

let

let

catch

caught

caught

lose

lost

lost

come

came

come

make

made

made

discuss

discussed

discussed

meet

met

met

draw

drew

drawn

mind

minded

minded

drive

drove

driven

move

moved

moved

earn

earned

earned

pay

paid

paid

eat

ate

eaten

pull

pulled

pulled

enjoy

enjoyed

enjoyed

push

pushed

pushed

feel

felt

felt

receive

received

received

fill

filled

filled

repair

repaired

repaire

forget

forgot

forgotten

serve

served

served

get

got

gotten

share

shared

shared

give

gave

given

shut

shut

shut

go

went

gone

sit

sat

sat

grow

grew

grown

skate

skated

skated

156

Function

A rule that assigns each element x in a set D exactly one element, called f(x), in a set E

Domain

the set of values for wich the function or relation is defined

Range

the set of all possible values of f (x) as x varies throughout the domain.

Difference quotient (formula)

f(a+h) - f(a) /h

Difference quotient (What does it do?)

Represents the average rate of change of f (x) between x=a a and x=a +h

Odd functions

if a function f satisfies f(-x)=-f(x) for every number x in its domain

Rational functions

a ratio of two polynomials

Algebraic functions

Any function f that can be constructed using algebraic operations starting with polynomials

Exponential functions

Functions of the form f (x) =a X, Where base a is a positive constant

Transcendental functions 

functions that are not algebraic

Limit of a function 

limx

157

a f(x) =L

158

Left-hand limit

limx

a-f(x)=L

Right-hand limit

limx

a+f (x)=L

limx

a f(x) = ∞+_

Infinite limit

a function made up of an infinite number of continuous pieces

Piece wise function Fundamental theorem of calculus 

if differentiable then continuous. If not continuous, not differentiable.

Continuity (at a point – MAIN definition)

f (c) is defined Limx c f(x) exists Value of limit = value of function

159

160