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lingua house

TM

Innovation in Learning

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ENGLISH GRAMMAR

Infinitive clauses Lesson code: HSG4-35MB-9NSG-3

INTERMEDIATE

1 Presentation 1

Structure/Type

Examples

verb + infinitive or verb + object + infinitive (after verbs such as advise, allow, ask, expect, force, get, hate, like, love, invite, need, pay, persuade, tell, want)

Jake loves to visit museums. I don't want you to read my emails. I advised him not to come to the party. But he came anyway.

Infinitive clauses that function as the subject of a sentence

To make mistakes is human. To say that he was here is simply not true.

(usually formal or old-fashioned English)

In informal or neutral English, we say: It's human to make mistakes. It's simply not true to say that he was here.

noun + infinitive

Do you have a pen to write with? I'd like something to drink.

Infinitive clauses that explain `why' we do something

He opened the box to see what was inside. He got home early to cook dinner. They went to the station to buy a ticket.

verb + object + infinitive without `to'

Can you help me make dinner? I saw him leave the house. I won't let you stay.

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(after the verbs help, let, make, watch, see, hear, have)

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An infinitive clause is part of a sentence with a verb in the infinitive form. The infinitive form is sometimes without `to', and we form negative infinitives with `not to' + verb. Study the table below.

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lingua house

Infinitive clauses A

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Innovation in Learning

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ENGLISH GRAMMAR

2 Practice 1 Complete each sentence using one of the clauses below. call my name to drink coffee at night to see who was outside

to be at home all day to leave early to stay at his house

to book a room to listen to to write with

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1. If you want to get to work on time, it's a good idea 2. I opened the curtains

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3. I don't have anything

. Can you lend me your pen? , so I was surprised that nobody answered the door.

4. I expected Emma 5.

is not a good idea, especially if you want to wake up early. .

6. I called the hotel 7. I couldn't hear him 8. I downloaded some music

because it was too noisy. on the train. during our visit to Japan.

9. Mr Yamaguchi invited us

3 Practice 2 Make complete sentences like in the example: 1.

It’s normal to work every day . (it/be/normal/work/every day)

2.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I/show/you/best way/paint/your walls)

3. I'm bored. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (you/have/any books/read ?) 4.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Yesterday/Joanna/allow/me/borrow/her car)

5.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (you/want/me/call/you ?)

6.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (can/you/tell/Peter/not/call/me/anymore ?)

7. I'm hungry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (you/have/anything/eat ?) 8.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (I/prefer/not/use/email/keep in touch/with friends)

4 Practice 3 Complete the sentences below with an object + infinitive. Try to make true sentences about you. 1. I asked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. I saw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. I let . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. I made . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. I couldn't hear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Review your flashcards at least 3-5 times a week for 20 minutes to keep the material fresh in your memory.

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You can review this worksheet online at www.linguahouse.com/ex

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6. I wanted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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lingua house

Infinitive clauses

Innovation in Learning

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5 Presentation 2

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ENGLISH GRAMMAR

`for' + noun/pronoun + infinitive

If an infinitive has its own subject, we sometimes use the structure `for + noun/pronoun + infinitive'.

Type of infinitive

Examples

Infinitive clauses after certain adjectives

It's important for you to arrive early. (= It's important that you arrive early.) It's necessary for him to stop. It's bad for you to eat too much chocolate.

noun + infinitive

It's a good idea for him to arrive early. I'd like something for my son to drink.

Infinitive clauses that explain `why' we do something

I made this sandwich for you to eat on the train. We had to go to the station for John to buy a ticket. (= We had to go to the station so that John could buy a ticket.)

6 Practice 4 Complete each sentence with `for + noun/pronoun + infinitive'. In some of the sentences, you will need to change subject pronouns to object pronouns like in the example. 1. It was impossible for us to see (we/see) anything in the dark streets. 2. It's important

(you/go) to bed early if you want to wake up before 8am. (my friend/drink)?

3. Do you have anything 4. I bought some toys

. (the children/play with)

5. She couldn't cook, so she bought some eggs 6. There's no time 7. It's necessary 8. It's difficult

. (I/boil) (Roger/help) you. He's very busy.

(you/eat) slowly. Otherwise, you will get ill. (Mr Harris/meet) you today. He has a lot of appointments. (she/sit) at her desk all day long. She needs to do some

9. It's unhealthy exercise. 10. I downloaded some music

(you/listen to) on the train.

11. The office is closed tomorrow, so please tell her that it's not necessary

(she/come).

7 Review

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Review your flashcards at least 3-5 times a week for 20 minutes to keep the material fresh in your memory.

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You can review this worksheet online at www.linguahouse.com/ex

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Don't forget what you learned in this lesson! Go to www.linguahouse.com/ex .

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lingua house

Infinitive clauses - Key A

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TM

Innovation in Learning

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ENGLISH GRAMMAR

1- Presentation 1 Go through the structures and examples. Clarify meaning of the verbs presented in the left column. 2- Practice 1

1. to leave early 4. to be at home all day 7. call my name

2. to see who was outside 5. to drink coffee at night 8. to listen to

3. to write with 6. to book a room 9. to stay at his house

3- Practice 2

2. I can show you the best way to paint your walls. 3. Do you have any books to read? 4. Yesterday, Joanna allowed me to borrow her car. 5. Do you want me to call you? 6. Can you tell Peter not to call me anymore? 7. Do you have anything to eat? 8. I prefer not to use email to keep in touch with friends. 5- Presentation 2 1

`for' + noun/pronoun + infinitive

Go through the table and clarify meaning. 6- Practice 4

4. for the children to play with 7. for you to eat 10. for you to listen to

You can review this worksheet online at www.linguahouse.com/ex

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Review your flashcards at least 3-5 times a week for 20 minutes to keep the material fresh in your memory. c

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3. for my friend to drink 6. for Roger to help 9. for her to sit

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2. for you to go 5. for me to boil 8. for Mr Harris to meet 11. for her to come

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