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GERUND AND INFINITIVE EXERCISE 1: Underline six other examples of verb or adjective followed by the to-infinitive, and one example of verb or adjective followed by the bare infinitive. In India all children are supposed to go to school between the ages of six and 14. In fact in the countryside it is very difficult for young children to get an education because the government has failed to build enough schools, and also because transport is difficult, and children need to take the bus to get to school. There are few buses, so most children go on foot. On top of all these problems, many parents never went to school themselves, so they don't expect children to go. Many parents are also so poor that they don't let their children go to school, but prefer to send them to work instead, because they need we money. Children from richer families, on the other hand, often live near good schools, and their parents encourage them to pass their exams so that they can get good jobs. EXERCISE 2: Complete each sentence using a verb from the list. PASSAGE A: decide to how to learn how to manage to prefer to In developed countries, most students ______________ continue into higher education. They know that if they ______________ get a university degree, they will stand more chance of getting a good job. Those who ______________ leave school at the age of 16 usually have opportunities to continue in education in a college of further education. This is the kind of college where you can ______________ guide, and concentrates on the practical side of a job. And for those who ______________ go straight into employment at this age, there is always the chance of training on the job, or going back to full-time education at a later date. PASSAGE B: aim to fail to long to need to try to Do you ever ______________ get away from school and try something different? Then perhaps you ______________ go for work experience. Many schools ______________ give their pupils the chance to find out what work is like, by sending them to work for a few hours a week. Employers say that very few pupils ______________ learn useful skills. “We ______________ make sure that all the children who work here understand themselves a bit better when they leave,” commented one employer.

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EXERCISE 3: Read the following text and underline all infinitives and circle the gerunds.

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EXERCISE 4: Complete the following sentences based on the passage in Exercise 3. Use an infinitive or gerund. The first one has been done for you. Example: As a baby, Einstein appeared to be retarded. 1. As a young child, he failed ____________ his teachers. 2. At age twelve, Einstein decided ____________ himself geometry. 3. Einstein neglected ____________ his homework. 4. When Einstein’s family left for Italy, he quit ____________. 5. Because of this, one teacher advised him ____________ school. 6. Without his family, he couldn’t help ____________ lonely. 7. He didn’t mind ____________ his family in Italy. 8. Unfortunately, he couldn’t begin ____________ at a university without a diploma. 9. He tried ____________ the Swiss Polytechnique but could not pass the entrance exam. 10. He regretted ____________ the entrance exam the first time. 11. Professors at the Polytechnique declined ____________ Einstein a position because of his lackadaisical* academic performance. (*Lacking enthusiasm and determination; carelessly lazy) 12. As a clerk at the Swiss Patent Office, he continued ____________ about physics. 13. The University of Zurich invited Einstein ____________ a faculty member. 14. Many professors couldn’t help ____________ Einstein’s unusual ideas. 15. Soon he began ____________ well-established professors with his revolutionary theories. Exercise 5: Fill each blank with an -ing or to + infinitive form of the verbs in brackets. Dear Lisa, I have been expecting (1)________ (hear) from you. I hope you are OK. I'm busy, but happy. Last night I went to a party at one of my classmates’ home. I was really nervous. You know how I usually avoid (2)_ _______ (go) to parties because I have trouble (3) __________ (remember) people's names. Well, last night things were different. Before the party, I read a book about improving memory. I practised (4)_ _______(do) some of the memory exercises. They really helped. As a result. I stopped (5) __________(worry) about what people think about me and I tried (6)________(pay) attention to what people were saving. And guess what? I had a good time! I'm even planning (7)________(go) dancing with a guy from my class. Why don't you consider (8)________ (visit) me? I really miss (9)________ (see) you. Please write. I always enjoy (10) ________(hear) from you. Best wishes. Sonia.

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EXERCISE 6: Fill in the following blanks with a gerund or infinitive.

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