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Answer Key and Audioscript

Focus on

PRONUNCIATION

1

THIRD Edition

Linda Lane

American Language Program Columbia University

Focus on Pronunciation 1, Third Edition Answer Key and Audioscript Copyright © 2013, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Pearson Education, 10 Bank Street, White Plains, NY 10606 Staff credits: The people who made up the Focus on Pronunciation 1, Third Edition Answer Key and Audioscript team, representing editorial, production, design, and manufacturing, are Dave Dickey, Ann France, Shelley Gazes, Lise Minovitz, Liza Pleva, and Mary Perrotta Rich. Text composition: ElectraGraphics, Inc. Text font: 10/12 Times New Roman ISBN 10: 0-13-231495-9 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-231495-4

ANSWER KEY This Answer Key is a supplement to Focus on Pronunciation 1, Third Edition by Linda Lane. The Answer Key (pages 1–7) includes answers to many of the exercises in the Student Book.

Part I: Vowels

Exercise 4B  (page 9) 1. b

Unit 1 /ay/ words: fly, why, my /oy/ words: coin, oil, toys /ey/ words: day, table, face /iy/ words: tree, bee, please Exercise 3C  (page 3) /aw/ words: towel, how, brown /ow/ words: know, boat, toes /uw/ words: pool, student, two Exercise 5B  (page 4) 4. b 5. a 6. a

7. b 8. b 9. b

Exercise 7A  (page 5) 1. b 2. e

3. c 4. a

5. d

Exercise 7B  (page 5)

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3. b

Exercise 5B  (page 10)

Exercise 1C  (page 3)

1. b 2. b 3. a

2. a

1. a 2. c

3. b 4. d

5. f 6. e

Unit 3 Exercise 3B  (page 14) 1. b 2. a 3. b

4. a 5. a 6. b

7. b 8. a 9. b

Exercise 4B  (page 14) had, any, bread, left, sad, bed, head, said, man, (Bingo: column 1 at left) Exercise 6B  (page 16) /æ/ words: scrambled, pancakes, ham, hash, bran, apple /ɛ/ words: breakfast, menu, eggs, berries, beverages, healthy

1. United States–dollar 2. Mexico–peso 3. Russia–ruble 4. Japan–yen 5. Sweden–krona

Unit 4

Fluency Practice  (page 6)

Exercise 4B  (page 20)

Exercise 3B  (page 20) 1. a 2. b

3. b 4. a

/ɑ/ words: clocks, tock, collar, boss, cot, docks

1. The currency in Japan in the yen. “Yen” is spelled y-e-n. 2. The currency in Mexico is the peso. “Peso” is spelled p-e-s-o. 3. The currency in Russia is the ruble. “Ruble” is spelled r-u-b-l-e. 4. The currency in Sweden is the krona. “Krona” is spelled k-r-o-n-a. 5. Answers will vary.

Unit 5

Unit 2

Exercise 2  (page 24)

Exercise 3B  (page 9)

1. cup 2. Dan 3. Don

1. a 2. a 3. b

4. a 5. b 6. b

7. b 8. a 9. b

5. b

/ə/ words: cluck, color, bus, comfortable, much, money, enough, ducks

Exercise 1B  (page 23) 1. b 2. c

3. a 4. a

5. b

4. run 5. bug

Focus on Pronunciation 1 Answer Key  1

Exercise 3B  (page 24) /ə/ words: husband, younger, grandmother, cousin, brother, uncle, son, mother /æ/ words: family, aunt, grandmother, grandfather, dad /ɑ/ words: daughter, father, mom, grandfather Exercise 3C  (page 25) top row: grandfather, grandmother middle row: uncle, aunt, mother, father bottom row: cousin, brother Exercise 4A  (page 25) 1. families 2. grandmother, grandfather, aunt 3. brother 4. mother 5. father, cousin

Unit 6 9. S 10. S

Exercise 6B  (page 32) /ɑr/ words: March, farm, yard, stars, dark /or/ words: born, York, four, door /ər/ words: worked, first, were, church Exercise 7A  (page 32) 1. A: first B: party A: were B: fourteen, older 2. A: remember B: never, forget 3. car 4. art, teacher

Part II: Consonants Unit 7 Step 1 Presentation  (page 36) Top diagram a. nose b. teeth c. lips

1. h 2. e 3. j 4. f

5. a 6. g 7. c 8. i

9. b 10. d

Exercise 5A  (page 44) 1. January 1st–New Year’s Day 2. October 31st–Halloween 3. December 31st–New Year’s Eve 4. April 1st–April Fool’s Day 5. the last Monday of May–Memorial Day 6. February 14th–Valentine’s Day 7. December 25th–Christmas 8. July 4th–Independence Day 9. the fourth Thursday of November–Thanksgiving Day 10. the first Monday of September–Labor Day

d. tongue e. vocal cords

Exercise 4B  (page 48) 1. a 2. b 3. b

4. b 5. b 6. b

7. a 8. b

Exercise 5A  (page 49) Left column (/p, b/ words): copy, pear, parrot, box, boat, berry Middle column (/f, v/ words): coffee, fair, ferret, fox, vote, vest, very, V Right column (/w/ words): west, we Exercise 8B  (page 51) 1. cats 2. dogs, rabbits, birds, fish 3. pigs, sheep, snakes 4. Pets protect their owners. They are companions for older people who live alone. They are the eyes and ears for people who cannot see or hear. They teach children responsibility. 5. Pets sometimes hurt people (for example, dogs bite, cats scratch or bite). They can also carry diseases. Some people spend a lot of money on pets.

Unit 10

Bottom diagram

Exercise 3B  (page 55)

a. tip b. middle

1. b 2. a 3. a

c. back

2  Focus on Pronunciation 1 Answer Key

4. a 5. b 6. b

7. a 8. b

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5. S 6. S 7. D 8. D

Exercise 4B  (page 43)

Unit 9

Exercise 4  (page 30) 1. S 2. D 3. D 4. S

Unit 8

Unit 13

Exercise 4B  (page 55) /s/ words: office, business, machines /z/ words: museum, decision, business /ʃ/ words: should, machines, Chicago /ӡ/ words: Asia, decision, garage

Exercise 5B  (page 73) Time zones: (west to east) Pacific, Mountain, Central, Eastern Times: (west to east) Seattle, San Francisco, Los Angeles, San Diego, 8:00 a.m.; Denver, 9:00 a.m.; Chicago, Houston, New Orleans, 10:00 a.m.; New York, Washington D.C., Atlanta, Miami 11:00 a.m.

Exercise 4C  (page 56) 1. business 2. Chicago 3. machines 4. office

5. should 6. decision 7. Museum 8. Asia

Unit 14

Unit 11

Exercise 1B  (page 75)

Exercise 3B  (page 60) 1. a 2. b 3. a

4. a 5. b 6. b

7. a 8. b

1. T 2. F. Quentin Tarantino is not a college graduate. 3. T 4. F. There were more than 18 million students in U.S. colleges and universities in 2007.

3. dish

dish es





4. language

lan guage es

5. box

box es

6. rose

ros es









7. orange

or an ges

8. watch

watch es







New Syllable (/əz/ or /ɪz/): noses, horses, ages, lunches, dishes, offices

Unit 12 Exercise 3B  (page 65) 4. a 5. b 6. a

7. b 8. b

3. a 4. a

Exercise 5B  (page 77) 4. It’s 5. does

Exercise 7B  (page 79)

Exercise 6  (page 68) 1. great 2. A: tried B: Sorry 3. train 4. A: last B: problem 5. later 6. pretty 7. love Exercise 7A  (page 68) b. T b. L b. L

Final Consonant Sounds (/s/ or /z/): eyes, nights, legs, jobs, towns, weeks 1. dishes 2. bills 3. bloggers

Exercise 4B  (page 66)

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dres ses



Exercise 3  (page 76)

Check: 1, 2, 4

1. a. L 2. a. N 3. a. T

bus es



2. dress



Exercise 5C  (page 62)

1. b 2. b





Exercise 5B  (page 62)

1. a 2. b 3. a

1. bus

c. N c. T c. N

1. (top left) He shoots baskets. (top right) He guards other players. (bottom left) He lifts weights. (bottom right) He passes the ball. 2. (top left) She reads scripts. (top right) She wears costumes. (bottom left) She works with a director. (bottom right) She memorizes lines. 3. (top left) The president travels to other countries. (top right) The president meets with other leaders. (bottom left) The president lives in the White House. (bottom right) The president gives speeches.

Focus on Pronunciation 1 Answer Key  3

Unit 15

Exercise 3B  (page 96)

Exercise 2  (page 83)

1. Cape Cod is in the state of Massachusetts. 2. Cape Cod is crowded in the summer. 3. The speaker likes Cape Cod best at the end of summer because that’s when the tourists go home.

Final Consonant Sound (/t/ or /d/): danced, worked, laughed, pushed, rained, lived Exercise 4C  (page 85) New Syllable (/əd/ or /ɪd/): arrested, collected, headed, repeated, started Final Consonant Sound (/t/ or /d/): charged, crossed, looked, picked, returned, stopped, turned, walked Exercise 5A  (page 85) 1. walked 2. started 3. headed 4. stopped 5. picked 6. charged 7. crossed

8. stopped 9. turned 10. returned 11. repeated 12. collected 13. arrested 14. looked

Exercise 5B  (page 85) Order: 2, 4, 6, 3, 1, 5, 8, 7

Unit 16 Exercise 6B  (page 91) 1. Jane Goodall is a British scientist. 2. Goodall studied chimpanzees in Africa. 3. Goodall now works to protect nature and wild animals. 4. Goodall worries about children who grow up in cities because she says that city life is dangerous to children’s health. She says children need grass, sky, bugs, and flowers to grow up healthy.

Part III: Stress, Rhythm, and Intonation Unit 17 Exercise 1B  (page 95) 1. 1 2. 2 3. 2 4. 5

5. 2 6. 4 7. 3 8. 3

9. 1 10. 3

Exercise 2B  (page 95) First Syllable: crowded, noisy Middle Syllable: vacation, December Last Syllable: enough, invite

4  Focus on Pronunciation 1 Answer Key

Exercise 5A  (page 97) 1. Toʹ kyo 2. Miaʹ mi 3. Caraʹ cas 4. Chı′ na 5. Chı′le 6. Atlaʹ nta

7. Caʹ nada 8. Koreʹ a ʹ msterdam 9. A 10. Jamaʹ ica 11. Loʹ ndon 12. Iʹtaly

Exercise 5B  (page 97) Cities: Tokyo, Miami, Caracas, Atlanta, Amsterdam, London Countries: China, Chile, Canada, Korea, Jamaica, Italy Exercise 6B  (page 98) 1. Yakima 2. New York 3. New York 4. Yakima

5. New York 6. New York 7. Yakima 8. Yakima

Unit 18 Exercise 2B  (page 101) 1. proʹ blem 2. tonı′ght 3. banaʹ na 4. heʹ althy 5. saʹ lad

6. potaʹ to 7. arrı′ve 8. delı′ cious 9. desseʹ rt

Exercise 2C  (page 101) Strong stress on first syllable: problem, healthy, salad Strong stress on middle syllable: banana, potato, delicious Strong stress on last syllable: tonight, arrive, dessert Exercise 4B  (page 102) sour, sweet, spicy, bitter, greasy, salty Exercise 5B  (page 103) Healthy: apples, bananas, carrots, celery, popcorn, peanuts, pizza, pretzels, raisins, yogurt Unhealthy: candy bars, cookies, French fries, ice cream, popcorn, pizza, potato chips, pretzels

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New Syllable (/əd/ or /ɪd/): decided, visited, ended, shouted, wanted, painted

Unit 19

Unit 21

Exercise 1B  (page 104)

Exercise 2B  (page 116)

1. away 2. again 3. animal 4. doctor 5. famous

1. to 2. a 3. as 4. The 5. a 6. The 7. has 8. and 9. There’s

6. season 7. problem 8. today 9. Africa

Exercise 2B  (page 105) 1. today 2. arrive 3. tomorrow

4. dangerous 5. zebra

Exercise 3B  (page 117)

Exercise 4B  (page 106) 1. buʹ ffalo 2. coʹ bras 3. eʹ lephants 4. giraʹ ffes 5. gorı′ llas 6. leʹ opards

7. lı′ ons 8. oʹ striches 9. paʹ ndas 10. peʹ nguins 11. tı′gers 12. zeʹ bras

Exercise 5B  (page 107) 1. Orphaned baby elephants usually die because they don’t drink elephant milk, which is very different from other kinds of milk. 2. Daphne fed Aisha coconut oil mixed with fatfree milk. 3. Baby elephants grow up in the wild with a family of female elephants, who don’t leave the babies alone. 4. Daphne thought Aisha “died of a broken heart” because Aisha became sick while Daphne was away. 5. Daphne and Aisha taught scientists and zoos what to feed baby elephants and that orphaned baby elephants need to grow up with a group of people.

Exercise 2B  (page 110) 4. c 5. g 6. b

7. e 8. h

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Exercise 3B  (page 110) 1. a 2. b 3. a

4. a 5. b 6. a

7. b

Exercise 4  (page 111) 1. 11:50 2. 13, 30 3. 18

1. Table $50; Four chairs; $20; Good 2. Babysitting; College; Children; Night; 555–0100 3. Ride, Chicago; December; Driving, Gas Exercise 4  (page 117) 1. There will be a class party tonight at 9 p.m. The party’s at Mary’s apartment. Her address is 42 First Street. 2. I have a room for rent. It’s small, sunny, and close to the bus. The rent is $800 a month. I only want a non-smoker. Call Franco at 555-0159. 3. The final exam for English 1101 will be December 13th, from 9 to 11 a.m. The exam will be in Room 202. 4. The soccer team will practice today at 4:30 p.m. Practice will be at Wright’s Field. Exercise 5B  (page 119) Check: free Internet access, cable TV hookups in every room, exercise rooms, a friendly staff, activities for students

Unit 22 Exercise 1B  (page 123)

Unit 20 1. d 2. f 3. a

10. and 11. The 12. has 13. an 14. are 15. are 16. and 17. are

4. 80 5. 14 6. 40

1. a. park 2. a. isn’t 3. a. tried

b. ran b. My b. home

c. two c. very c. morning

Exercise 2B  (page 123) Stella: Stanley: Stella: Stanley: Stella: Stanley: Stella: Stanley:

dentist, Thursday need dentist, dentist can’t, working Thursday, Thursday like years, retired good, never

Focus on Pronunciation 1 Answer Key  5

Exercise 4B  (page 125)

Exercise 2B  (page 134)

1. There are 60 minutes in an hour. 2. Miami is in Florida. (Dallas/Houston is in Texas.) 3. The President of the United States lives in the White House. 4. Water freezes at 0° (zero degrees) Centigrade. 5. Chicago is a big city. 6. Mexico is south of the United States. (Canada is north of the United States.) 7. April is the fourth month of the year. (March is the third month of the year.) 8. There are 24 hours in a day. 9. The Titanic was a large ship. 10. Shakespeare was a famous English writer.



Unit 23 Exercise 2A  (page 128) 1. bacon and eggs 2. rice and beans 3. cake and ice cream 4. surf and turf 5. cookies and milk 6. turkey and stuffing 7. chips and dip 8. fish and chips 9. bread and water Exercise 4B  (page 130)



1. Is my answer right or wrong?







2. Do I turn left or right? 3. Do I go north or south?



4. Do you want coffee or tea?



5. Are you married or single?

Don’t, We’ve They’re didn’t I’m, you’re Don’t, won’t I’d

Exercise 4A  (page 135) Koji: What’re you going to do this summer? Davor: I’ve got a job for June and July. Then I’m going to travel. Koji: Where’re you going? To Europe again? Davor: No, I can’t afford that. I’m going down south, to three new states. Koji: Three new states? Davor: Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. I’d like to visit all 50 states before I’m 30, and I haven’t been to those states yet. Koji: That’s an interesting goal. How many states have you been to? Davor: Twenty-three so far. I’m from California. We went to a national park every summer when I was a kid. So I’ve been to almost all of the western states. Koji: It’s a pretty long drive to Louisiana. Are you going alone? Davor: No, with my cousin. We’ll share the driving. Exercise 5B  (page 136) 1. personal dream 2. dream for a country/world 3. career dream 4. personal dream 5. dream for a country/world 6. career dream



6. Do you want to stay in or go out?



7. Is the test on Monday or Tuesday?



8. Do you want to cook or clean up? Exercise 6A  (page 131) 1. can’t 2. can 3. can’t 4. can 5. can

B: B: B: B: B: B:

6. can 7. can, can’t 8. can’t, can 9. can, can’t 10. can’t, can

Unit 24 Exercise 1  (page 134) 1. teacher’s not 2. didn’t 3. are not 4. it’s

5. cannot 6. does not 7. They’d 8. I will

6  Focus on Pronunciation 1 Answer Key

Unit 25 Exercise 4B  (page 141) 1. When no one called, the speaker thought that her friends and family had forgotten about her birthday. 2. The speaker felt lonely and forgotten when she drove home. 3. When the speaker opened the door, her friends and family shouted, “Happy Birthday!” 4. Everyone came to the party: All of her friends and family.

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1. A: Let’s, We’ll 2. A: aren’t 3. A: I’ve, she’s 4. A: you’ll 5. A: We’re 6. A: doesn’t

Unit 27

Exercise 5B  (page 142) These word groups reflect the word groups from the recording. Student answers may vary.

Exercise 1  (page 151)

Taka: Melissa’s birthday is this Friday.



Amir: We should throw her a party.







Amir: I know! We could have a picnic in the park.













Taka: Yeah. After class on Friday.





We could invite the whole class.

Amir: Let’s surprise her. But what if she’s busy





after class?



): 2, 3, 4, 6

Felix: Hungry? Anna: Very. Felix: Sushi?

Anna: No.

Felix: Burgers?

Anna: No.

Taka: I’ll find out from Lucas.

Falling (







): 1, 5

Exercise 3B  (page 152)

Taka: Our apartment’s too small for a party.

Rising (



Felix: What?



They’re always together.



Amir: I’ll find out about the weather on Friday.



Exercise 6C  (page 143) 1. Melissa’s friends are planning a picnic. 2. They are meeting at the park. 3. Lucas is bringing Melissa. 4. Sonia and Marko are bringing blankets. 5. Ricardo is bringing the cake. 6. Miss Adams is bringing paper plates. 7. Nuri is going to get some food at the deli. 8. Felix is bringing drinks.

Anna: Pizza.





Felix: Where? Tony’s or Sal’s?

Anna: Tony’s. Exercise 4A  (page 153) 1. Ready? Not yet. When? Soon.

3. Coffee? Sure. Milk? No thanks.

Unit 26

2. Single? Married. Children? A boy and a girl.

4. Cold? Very. My sweater? Thanks.

Exercise 4B  (page 146)

Exercise 5  (page 153)

1. Teamwork 2. homeowners 3. healthcare, website 4. Red Cross 5. bus stop 6. bike path

1. d 2. e 3. a

Exercise 5B  (page 147) 1. c 2. a 3. f

4. b 5. d 6. g

7. e 8. h

4. g 5. c

6. b 7. f

Unit 28 Exercise 1B  (page 157) 1. a 2. a

3. b 4. a

5. b

Exercise 3B  (page 158) 2. a

3. c

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1. b

Focus on Pronunciation 1 Answer Key  7

Audioscript This Audioscript is a supplement to Focus on Pronunciation 1, Third Edition, by Linda Lane. The Audioscript (pages 8–12) includes scripts that are not included in the Student Book for the pronunciation and listening exercises. Unit 1

Exercise 4A  (page 25)

Exercise 5B  (page 4)

1. In some families, only the parents and children live together. 2. In my family, my grandmother, grandfather, and aunt live with us. 3. My brother’s best friend is always at our house too. He’s like one of the family. 4. Both my mother and my sister have red hair. Red hair runs in our family. 5. Both my father and my cousin want me to be a doctor. But that’s not what I want to do. I only want to write music and play with my band. I guess I’m the black sheep of the family.

4. had 5. leave 6. hat

7. cop 8. well 9. luck

Unit 2 Exercise 3B  (page 9) 1. meat 2. sheep 3. hit

4. seat 5. it 6. grin

7. hill 8. reach 9. live

Exercise 4B  (page 9)

Unit 6

1. That’s a high heel. 2. The meat is on the mitt. 3. The sheep is on the ship.

Exercise 7A  (page 32)

Unit 3 Exercise 3B  (page 14) 1. bread 2. had 3. said

4. laughed 5. man 6. any

7. bed 8. Dad 9. then

Exercise 4B  (page 14) 1. had 2. any 3. bread

4. left 5. sad 6. bed

7. head 8. said 9. man

Unit 4 Exercise 3B  (page 20) 1. shot 2. bus 3. color

4. dock 5. cut

1. A: Do you remember your first date? B: Uh-huh. Rick Moore. We went to a school party together. A: That sounds exciting. How old were you? B: I was fourteen, but he was fifteen—an older boy! 2. A: Do you remember your first teacher? B: Oh, yes. Her name was Mrs. Rinaldo. I’ll never forget her! A: You didn’t like her? B: No! And she didn’t like me! 3. A: Do you remember your first car? B: I’ve never had one. I don’t know how to drive. 4. A: Do you remember your first job? B: Of course—I still have it. I’m an art teacher.

Unit 9

Unit 5

Exercise 4B  (page 48)

Exercise 1B  (page 23)

1. copy 2. fair 3. parrot

1. cap 2. Don 3. nut 4. run 5. bag Exercise 2  (page 24) 1. Where’s the cup? 2. Dan is my brother. 3. Are you Don? 4. We run together. 5. Where’s the bug?

8  Focus on Pronunciation 1 Audioscript

4. box 5. boat 6. west

7. very 8. we © 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.

1. wet 2. sit 3. Luke

Exercise 8B  (page 51) Pets can be like close friends or members of our family. In the United States, cats are the most popular pets. Dogs are also popular. Many people keep smaller animals as pets, such as rabbits, birds, or fish. Some people keep unusual pets, such as pigs, sheep, or snakes. Pets help people in many ways. A barking dog protects his family and home. Pets can also help older people who live alone lead healthier lives. People who cannot see or hear may use dogs to be their eyes and ears. Also, many parents believe that pets can teach children responsibility. A little girl learns to take care of other living things when she remembers to feed her cat. But pets can also cause problems. Dogs can bite people and hurt them. Pets may also carry diseases. Some people worry that we spend too much money on pets. They say that we should first take care of people who do not have homes or enough to eat before we take care of animals.

Unit 10 Exercise 3B  (page 55) 1. razor 2. sea 3. Ross

4. place 5. zoo 6. prize

7. peace 8. lazy

Unit 11 Exercise 3B  (page 60)

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There are several good reasons why a college education is important. One reason is that college graduates get better jobs. College graduates make more money than non-college graduates. College graduates are usually healthier too. They live longer and have fewer medical problems than non-college graduates. College graduates also meet new friends at school. Many of these friends are from different places and have different interests. In addition, college graduates are often good citizens. And they usually know more about their country and the world than non-college graduates. Students have other reasons for going to college. A college in the Midwest asked its students to give their reasons. And one reason was important to almost everyone. Most students said, “College is my first chance to get away from Mom and Dad. No one is watching me!”

Exercise 3B  (page 65)

I work for a business in Chicago. We fix copy machines. But sometimes I can’t fix a copier. Then the people in the office get angry. They think I should be able to fix everything. There’s just too much stress in my work. So I’ve made a decision. I’m going to quit my job and move back to New York. Yes, there’s also a lot of stress there. But my friend says he can get me a job at the Rubin Museum. It has art from India, China, and other countries in Asia. The work is relaxing, and that’s what I need.

4. ships 5. chair 6. Jess

Exercise 5C  (page 62)

Unit 12

Exercise 4C  (page 56)

1. Yale 2. watch 3. sheep

family incomes. And too many students graduate from college with large debts to pay. Still, in 2007, more than 18 million students went to colleges and universities in the United States— more than in any other country in the world. This is because there are good reasons for earning a college education.

7. catch 8. much

Exercise 5B  (page 62) Why is a college education important? After all, there are many successful people who didn’t go to college. For example, Bill Gates started Microsoft, and he didn’t graduate from college. Neither did Hollywood producer Quentin Tarantino. Also, college in the United States is expensive. Tuition in the United States is rising faster than

1. road 2. long 3. fry

4. corrects 5. alive 6. pray

7. pilot 8. light

Exercise 4B  (page 66) 1. Larry is correcting the papers. 2. The children are playing. 3. Roland is a pirate. 4. Those are fries. Exercise 6  (page 68) 1. A: Hi! B: It’s so great to see you. 2. A: I tried to call you yesterday. B: Sorry I missed your call. 3. A: Where have you been? B: The train was late. 4. A: I emailed you last week, but you didn’t answer. B: I’m having a problem with my email. 5. A: Hi, can we talk? B: Not right now, but I’ll call you back later. 6. A: Do you like my dress? B: It’s pretty. 7. A: I love you. B: I love you too. Focus on Pronunciation 1 Audioscript  9

Unit 13

Unit 17

Exercise 5B  (page 73)

Exercise 6B  (page 98)

What time is it in the United States? The answer depends on where you are. Different places are in different time zones. A time zone is an area that has its own time. The Pacific time zone is in the west. Moving east, the next time zone is the Mountain Time Zone. Most of the states in this time zone are in the Rocky Mountains. The next time zone is the Central Time Zone. Most states in the Midwest are on Central Time. And states along the Atlantic Ocean are on Eastern Time. Different time zones can cause problems for business people. They have to plan their telephone calls carefully. Because when it’s 11:00 a.m. in New York, it’s 10:00 a.m. in Chicago, 9:00 a.m. in Denver, and only 8:00 a.m. in Seattle—a time when most people aren’t even at work yet!

I have to make a big decision. I just graduated from medical school, and I have two job offers. One job is at a clinic in Yakima, Washington. The other job is at a big hospital in New York City. I’m from a small town. So maybe I’d be happier in Yakima. Yakima is a lot smaller than New York. About 50,000 people live in Yakima. About 8 million people live in New York. My friends say I should choose New York. They say it’s a good opportunity. But it’s much more expensive to live in New York. And there’s a lot of traffic. However, you don’t need a car. There’s good public transportation. New York has a subway, trains, and a lot of buses and taxis. Yakima has some buses and taxis, but most people drive cars. My friends also say that New York would be very exciting. There are museums, restaurants, theaters, music, and clubs. I enjoy those things. But I also like to be outdoors. There are places near Yakima where I could hike and ski. I enjoy those things too. I’m single, and I’d like to get married someday. Is it easier to meet someone in a big city or a small town? I don’t know. I just don’t know.

Exercise 5B  (page 77) Chores are part of life. Everybody has chores. Chores are boring jobs that you have to do. Washing dishes is a chore. Shopping for groceries is a chore. Cutting the lawn is a chore. Paying bills can be a chore. Some people like doing some chores, but not others. Listen to what two bloggers had to say about their chores. Blogger 1 wrote: I don’t mind washing the car. It’s easy, and the car always looks good. But I don’t like cleaning the inside of the car. Blogger 2 wrote: I don’t mind making dinner. But, I really don’t like washing dishes. So I cook, and my husband does the dishes.

Unit 18 Exercise 4B  (page 102) Lemons are sour, and sugar is sweet. Chilies are spicy; they have lots of heat. Coffee is bitter—it keeps you awake. French fries are greasy but good with a steak. Chips come in bags. They’re a crisp, salty treat.

Unit 15

Unit 19

Exercise 5A  (page 85)

Exercise 5B  (page 107)

A 20-year-old man walked into a bus terminal in New York City. He got on a bus and sat down in the driver’s seat. He started the bus and drove out of the terminal. He headed north for the George Washington Bridge. On the way, he stopped at bus stops and picked up passengers. He charged them 50 cents for the ride. He crossed the bridge into New Jersey and stopped in Fort Lee. Then he turned around and returned to New York. He repeated his trip several times and collected $88 in fares. Finally, the police arrested him. They said he looked just like a bus driver. His passengers said he was a good driver. They were surprised he wasn’t a real bus driver.

Daphne Sheldrick lived in Tsavos National Park in Kenya. Daphne often took care of orphaned baby elephants. Without their mothers, the orphaned babies usually died. Baby elephants need elephant milk. And elephant milk is very different from other kinds of milk. One day a park worker brought Daphne a baby elephant named Aisha. Daphne tried to feed the baby mashed bananas. Then Daphne tried butter mixed with fat-free cow’s milk. But, Aisha was dying. One day Daphne gave Aisha coconut oil mixed with fatfree milk. Aisha began to get better. But there was another problem. Aisha also needed a family. In the wild, a family of female elephants takes care of the baby elephants. The babies are never alone. But Aisha had only Daphne.

10  Focus on Pronunciation 1 Audioscript

© 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Unit 14

One day, Daphne went on a trip. She trained a park worker to take care of Aisha while she was away. Daphne was gone for a week. When she returned, Aisha was very sick. That night, Aisha died in Daphne’s arms. Daphne believed that Aisha died of a broken heart. Scientists and zoos learned important lessons from Daphne and Aisha. They learned what to feed baby elephants. And, they learned that orphaned baby elephants need to grow up with a group of people. They become the baby’s new family.

Unit 20 4. 16 5. 70 6. 18

7. 90

Exercise 4  (page 111) 1. A: When does the bus leave? B: It leaves at 11:50. 2. A: How old are your siblings? B: My brother is 13, and my sister is 30. 3. A: How many students are in your English class? B: 18. 4. A: How many students are in your math class? B: 80. 5. A: How many candles do we need for the birthday cake? B: We need 14. 6. A: How many people came to your party? B: 40.

Unit 21 Exercise 2B  (page 116) I need to find a roommate as soon as possible. The rent is $750 a month. The apartment has a living room, dining room, kitchen, and one bathroom. There’s a microwave, a dishwasher, and a washer and dryer. The apartment has an air conditioner. All utilities are included. Cats are OK, and dogs are OK. Exercise 5B  (page 119)

© 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Exercises 1A and 1B  (page 123) 1. a. I ran for two hours in the park. b. I ran for two hours in the park. c. I ran for two hours in the park. 2. a. My new laptop isn’t very fast. b. My new laptop isn’t very fast. c. My new laptop isn’t very fast. 3. a. I tried to call you at home this morning. b. I tried to call you at home this morning. c. I tried to call you at home this morning.

Unit 23

Exercise 3B  (page 110) 1. 13 2. 40 3. 15

Unit 22

More than 5,000 of our students call our residence halls home. And home is a lot more than a room with a bed. In our residence halls, you’ll make friends and can participate in all kinds of extracurricular activities. The staff in our residence halls cares about you and your studies. There are free cable TV hookups in every room. In addition, there’s free wireless Internet access. Each residence hall also has lounges and exercise areas for your use. Our residence halls are planned to help you study, play, and feel at home.

Exercise 6A  (page 131) 1. I can’t swim. 2. You can drive. 3. He can’t play the piano. 4. She can play soccer. 5. We can help you with your homework. 6. They can play the drums. 7. I can dance, but I can’t swim. 8. I can’t speak Chinese, but I can speak German. 9. I can come on Saturday, but I can’t come on Sunday. 10. They can’t come early, but they can stay late.

Unit 24 Exercise 1  (page 134) 1. The teacher’s not here today. 2. I didn’t like that movie. 3. You are not eating your dinner. 4. I think it’s raining. 5. We cannot go out tonight. 6. He does not work very hard. 7. They’d like to see you. 8. I will see you there. Exercise 4A  (page 135) Koji: What’re you going to do this summer? Davor: I’ve got a job for June and July. Then I’m going to travel. Koji: Where’re you going? To Europe again? Davor: No, I can’t afford that. I’m going down south, to three new states. Koji: Three new states? Davor: Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. I’d like to visit all 50 states before I’m 30, and I haven’t been to those states yet. Koji: That’s an interesting goal. How many states have you been to? Davor: Twenty-three so far. I’m from California. We went to a national park every summer when I was a kid. So I’ve been to almost all of the western states. Koji: It’s a pretty long drive to Louisiana. Are you going alone? Davor: No, with my cousin. We’ll share the driving. Focus on Pronunciation 1 Audioscript  11

When we’re children, we have big dreams for our future. We don’t think about money, or time, or preparation. When we’re adults, we still dream. For example, people have personal dreams about wanting a college education or having a big family. Or they may dream about falling in love. Maybe they want to visit all 50 states in the U.S. Other dreams are about work or careers. One person may want to start her own business. Another may want to be a basketball star. Or a doctor. Or a scientist. We also have dreams for our country or for the world. We want a world without war. We want to have clean air to breathe and clean water to drink. We want all children to get an education. We want each person to have enough food to eat and a place to live. Dreams give our lives meaning. They give us a road to follow. Sade King is a woman who dreamed of becoming a soldier. She said, “A person without dreams is like a big city without streets.”

Unit 25 Exercise 6B  (page 142) Amir: So, Melissa still doesn’t know about the picnic? Taka: That’s right. Lucas will bring her to the park. He told her he has soccer practice there. He’s bringing his soccer ball to class. Amir: That’s good. Then we can have a game. Taka: Yeah. The rest of us will wait in the field near the north entrance. Did you tell people what to bring? Amir: Yeah. Sonia and Marko are bringing blankets. Ricardo is bringing the cake. Miss Adams is bringing paper plates and napkins. Nuri is going to get some food at the deli. And Felix is bringing the drinks.

Unit 26 Exercise 4B  (page 146) 1. I volunteer to build homes for people in need. I share the work with other members of my team. Teamwork is very important. 2. The best part of volunteering to build a house is seeing the smiles on the faces of the new homeowners.

12  Focus on Pronunciation 1 Audioscript

3. I volunteer online. Last month I helped a healthcare group in Kenya build a website. 4. I gave money to the Red Cross after the earthquake in Haiti. 5. A busy street goes through my neighborhood. No buses stop here. We need the city to add a bus stop. 6. I ride a bicycle to work, and I don’t feel safe riding on the street. I’d like the city to build a bike path. Exercise 5B  (page 147) Habitat for Humanity is a volunteer organization. It builds houses around the world for people who need them. Habitat receives money from companies and individuals. Volunteers help to build the new homes. The houses are simple. But they’re well built. The houses aren’t free. But, they’re affordable. People who need a house apply to Habitat. They have to have enough money to pay for the building materials, but all of the work is free. The family also has to be able to pay for the expenses of the house after it’s built: electricity, water, heat, taxes. Habitat lends the homeowners money. Over time, the homeowners buy their new house. Finally, the homeowners also have to work on their new house or help Habitat in other ways. People of all ages volunteer with Habitat for Humanity. Volunteers do not have to know how to build a house. Professional builders teach them what to do. Teamwork is very important.

Unit 28 Exercise 1B  (page 157) 1. Ali: I bought something.

Max: What? 2. Ali: I’m going to play soccer tomorrow.

Max: When? 3. Ali: There’s a party at school tonight.

Max: Where? 4. Ali: I met a new student today.

Max: Who? 5. Ali: There’s something on your face.

Max: What? © 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Exercise 5B  (page 136)