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• jdbhoward

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Three-octave scales, Carl Flesch fingering Flesch’s approach features overall uniformity of fingerings, non-specific to key. There are essentially only three sets of fingerings for major scales and three for minor: the open string, the first-finger beginning, and the second-finger

beginning. The added notes in grey borrow from the Galamian system; with these, the scale becomes 48 notes, and can be played using a constant bow speed, one bow per two metronome clicks, with 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, & 24 notes per bow.

1 2–1 2 3 4 1 2–1 2 3 4–4–4 3 2 1–4 3 2 1 0 3 2 1 0 3 2 1 0 G major: 0 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 321 021 1 2–1 2 3 4–4 3 2–3 2 1-–3 2 1 1 2–1 2 3 4 43210 3210 g minor: 0 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 321021 (melodic)

1 2–1 2 3 4 1 2–1 2–1 2 3 4–4 3 2 1–3 2 1–2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 b A major: 1 3 2 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 432 132 (see A major) 1 2–1 2 3 4–4 3 2–3 2 1–3 2 1 1 2–1 2 3 4 43214321 # g minor: 1 3 2 1 2–2 3 4 1 2 3 4 4 3 2–2 1 3 2 (see g minor)

1 2–1 2 3 4 1 2–1 2–1 2 3 4–4 3 2 1–3 2 1–2 1 0 3 2 1 0 3 2 1 0 A major: 1 3 2 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 32 132 1 2–1 2–1 2 3 4 3 2–3 2 1–4 3 2 1 1 2–1 2 3 4 43214321 a minor: 1 3 2 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 432 132 1 2–1 2 3 4 1 2–1 2–1 2 3 4–4–4 3 2 1–3 2 1–3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 † b b B –G maj: 2 4 3 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 43 243 1 2–1 2–1 2 3 4–4 3 2–3 2 1–3 2 1 1 2–1 2 3 4 4 3 2 1–2 1 4 3 2 1 b # b –f min: 2 4 3 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 43 243 †

b In the key of B , open strings should be used for A and D on the descent.

GENERALIZATIONS: • All scales start on G string • All shifts occur on A & E strings • All scales use fourth finger on ascent and open strings, where possible, on the descent. • Upward shifts are always by thirds, using 2–1 shifts. • Downward shifts are always on half-step intervals. # •The g minor scale, with the 2-2 shift on the G string, is the sole exception to the above four rules. QUESTIONS TO PONDER: • What are the advantages and disadvantages of beginning all scales on the G string? • If uniformity is the goal, why not simply use the first-finger beginning for everything except G scales? # • Why use the “modified g minor” for g minor? Why not use the a minor fingering? b • Why do some of the flat and sharp keys appear to be inconsistently spelled? For example, why A major # b # and g minor? Or G major and f minor? (Hint: Look them up in the book) • Is there a more efficient way of condensing the same amount of information? © P. Vanderwerf 1996