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• Hasuke Tokumitsu

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EVALUATION TEST I. Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the rest. Question 1: A. sweat B. leather C. heal Question 2: A. bamboo B. igloo C. book Question 3: A. massage B. carriage C. voyage Question 4 : A. tank B. sand C. bank Question 5: A. paths B. months C. mouths

D. head D. taboo D. dosage D. rank D. wreaths

II. Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from the others in each group. Question 1: A. necessity B. industry C. quantity Question 2 : A. apartment B. contentment C. investment Question 3 : A. musician B. director C. programmer Question 4: A. astronaut B. sharpener C. elector Question 5: A. although B. until C. unless

D. company D. movement D. developer D. carpenter D. unto

III. Choose the correct answer to fill in the blank. Question 1: All of the proposals we have are still under ……………. A. repair B. control C. surveillance D. examination Question 2: That is an interesting book which can ………….. many children’s imagination. A. take B. capture C. hold D. form Question 3: It is undeniable that modern industry ………….. our life. A. makes difference on B. puts effect in C. has impact on D. does influence over Question 4: A rise in salary in this very difficult stage, I think, is …………… A. in the clouds B. out of the question C. on approval D. at short notice Question 5: She managed to ………… with some people during the time when she was isolated. A. retain relationship B. make contact C. offer relations D. bring touch Question 6: Not many foreign university students opt ………… home-stay because they prefer independence. A. to B. for C. on D. with Question 7: When the candidates learned the satisfying results, they jumped ………… joy. A. in B. at C. for D. on Question 8: Though Japanese and Korean cultures appear similar to the outsider, they are quite …………. A. diverse B. separated C. unfamiliar D. distinct Question 9: We sat in the …………. of the big oak tree, avoiding the boiling sun. A. shade B. shadow C. cover D. protection Question 10: There has been a(n) ………….. of the disease in several villages in the north of the country. A. breakout B. outbreak C. breakdown D. breakup Question 11: No sooner …………. down the receiver than the phone rang again. A. I put B. had I put C. have I put D. I had put Question 12: It is vital that the petition ………….. by all of the residents in the area. A. signed B. is signed C. will be signed D. be signed Question 13: We spent nearly three hours waiting outside the station, then out …………. A. the star came B. did the star come C. came the star D. be the star coming Question 14: Such …………. that every tourist takes a chance to enjoy it. A. attraction is it B. is the attraction C. is it the attraction D. attraction it is Question 15: Were …………. their hospitality, we wouldn’t have stayed on. A. there not to be B. not there to be C. it not for D. not it for Question 16: At this very time tomorrow, we ……….. the final test. A. will do B. will be doing C. are doing D. are going to do Question 17: The manager as well as the clerks ………… when the cashier turned up to reveal the truth. A. were questioned B. were being questioned C. was questioned D. was being questioned Question 18: We could not help ………… mom about the trip on Easter day dad ………… to us. A. telling / had promised B. to tell / promising C. to tell / promised D. telling / has promised Question 19: If only I ……….. the speech so abruptly. Everybody was astonished. A. didn’t end B. were not to end C. would not end D. had not ended Question 20: You ………….. the traffic jam on Route 45. The problem is that you didn’t listen to the radio. A. could avoid B. could have avoided C. should have avoided D. did not avoid Question 21: Many a ……….. it difficult to avoid the interference of mass media in their life.

A. pop star finds B. pop star find C. pop stars find D. pop stars finds Question 22: Who in our company deserves …………. the title ‘The Best Employee of The Year’? A. to give B. giving C. to be given D. being given Question 23: The Chancellor is said ………… the road tax last month. A. to bring in B. that he brought in C. to have brought in D. to be bringing in Question 24: Of the two discussions held last month, the second one was ……….. A. more fruitful B. the more fruitful C. the most fruitful D. most fruitful Question 25: It is advisable to insure your house ………… theft and fire. A. for B. about C. in D. against IV. Read the following passage and choose the best answers to the comprehension questions. The word laser was coined as an acronym for Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Ordinary light, from the Sun or a light bulb, is emitted spontaneously, when atoms or molecules get rid of excess energy by themselves, without any outside intervention. Stimulated emission is different because it occurs when an atom or molecule holding onto excess energy has been stimulated to emit it as light. Albert Einstein was the first to suggest the existence of stimulated emission in a paper published in 1917. However, for many years physicists thought that atoms and molecules always were much more likely to emit light spontaneously and that stimulated emission thus always would be much weaker. It was not until after the Second World War that physicists began trying to make stimulated emission dominate. They sought ways by which one atom or molecule could stimulate many other to emit light, amplifying it to much higher powers. The first to succeed was Charles H.Townes, then at Colombia University in New York . Instead of working with light, however, he worked with microwaves, which have a much longer wavelength, and built a device he called a "maser" for Microwave Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Although he thought of the key idea in 1951, the first maser was not completed until a couple of years later. Before long, many other physicists were building masers and trying to discover how to produce stimulated emission at even shorter wavelength. The key concepts emerged about 1957. Townes and Arthur Schawlow, then at Bell Telephone Laboratories, wrote a long paper outlining the conditions needed to amplify stimulated emission of visible light waves. At about the same time, similar ideas crystallized in the mind of Gordon Gould, then a 37-year-old graduate student at Columbia, who wrote them down in a series of notebooks. Townes and Schawlow published their ideas in a scientific journal, Physical Review Letter, but Gould filed a patent application. Three decades later, people still argue about who deserves the credit for the concept of the laser. Question 1: The word “coined” in line 1 could best be replaced by A. created B. mentioned C. understood D. discovered Question 2: The word “intervention” in line 4 can best be replaced by A. need B. device C. influence D. source Question 3: The word “it” in line 6 refers to A. lightbulb B. energy C. molecule D. atom Question 4: Which of the following statements best describes a laser? A. A device for stimulating atoms and molecules to emit light B. An atom in a high-energy state C. A technique for destroying atoms or molecules D. An instrument for measuring light waves Question 5: Why was Towne’s early work with stimulated emission done with microwaves? A. He was not concerned with light amplification. B. It was easier to work with longer wavelengths. C. His partner Schawlow had already begun work on the laser. D. The laser had already been developed. Question 6: In his research at Columbia University, Charles Townes worked with all of the following EXCEPT A. stimulated emission B. microwaves C. light amplification D. a maser Question 7: In approximately what year was the first maser built? A. 1917 B. 1951 C. 1953 D. 1957 Question 8: The word “emerged” in line 23 is closest in meaning to A. increased B. concluded C. succeeded D. appeared

Question 9: The word “outlining” in line 24 is closest in meaning to A. assigning B. studying C. checking Question 10: Why do people still argue about who deserves the credit of the laser? A. The researchers’ notebooks were lost. B. Several people were developing the idea at the same time. C. No one claimed credit for the development until recently. D. The work is still incomplete.

D. summarizing

V. Read the text below and decide which answer best fits each gap. Famous explorer Captain James Cook is (1)………….. today for being one of Britain’s most famous explorers of the 18th century. Cook was (2)…………. most other explorers of the same period as he did not come from a wealthy family and had to work hard to (3)…………… his position in life. He was unlucky to be (4)…………….. by his father’s employer, who saw that he was a bright boy and paid for him to attend the village school. At sixteen, he started (5)……………. in a shop in a fishing village (6)……………. on the coast and this was a turning (7)…………….. in his life. He developed an interest in the sea and eventually joined the Royal Navy (8)……………. to see more of the world. Cook was (9)……………. by sailing, astronomy and the production of the maps, and quickly became an expert (10) …………… these subjects. He was also one of the first people to (11)………….. that scurvy, an illness often suffered by sailors, could be prevented by careful (12)……………. to diet. It was during his (13)……………….. to the Pacific Ocean that Cook made his historic landing in Australia and the (14)……………… discovery that New Zealand was two (15)……………. islands. He became a national hero and still (16)……………… one today. Question 1: A. recommended Question 2: A. different Question 3: A. manage Question 4: A. remarked Question 5: A. trade Question 6: A. helped Question 7: A. moment Question 8: A. in view Question 9: A. keen Question 10: A. from Question 11: A. regard Question 12: A. attention Question 13: A. travel Question 14: A. serious Question 15: A. shared Question 16: A. keeps

B. reminded B. contrary B. succeed B. viewed B. work B. placed B. instant B. in order B. eager B. over B. estimate B. organization B. voyage B. superior B. particular B. stands

C. recognized C. distinct C. achieve C. glance C. career C. positioned C. point C. as C. fascinated C. in C. catch C. observation C. excursion C. major C. common C. maintains

D. remembered D. unlike D. fulfil D. noticed D. job D. situated D. mark D. due D. enthusiastic D. for D. realize D. treatment D. tour D. leading D. separate D. remains

VI. Complete the following sentences, using the correct form of the phrasal verbs in the box. keep up with pull in

check out run over

set out see off

make for catch up with

pick up take off

1) Let’s go to the airport to ………… Grandpa …………. when he flies back home. 2) If it starts to rain, …………. a nearby cave to wait for it to pass. 3) We would like to remind all guests that they must ………….. before midday. 4) Please ………….. and stop so that I can buy something to drink. 5) Every Saturday night my dad …………. us …………. outside the cinema. 6) John’s up ahead so Greg is pedaling fast to …………. him. 7) We can …………. towards the mountains at dawn. 8) The most exciting moment is when the plane ………….. 9) Stop the car! I think we’ve …………… a dog. 10) I don’t think a horse can ever ……………… a car. 1) …………………. 6) ………………….

2) …………………. 7) ………………….

3) …………………. 8) ………………….

4) …………………. 9) ………………….

5) …………………. 10) ………………...

VII. Fill in each blank with one word to make a complete passage. Second-hand but better than new Many people who are building their own homes or renovating …………(1) buildings have discovered that it …………. (2) more sense to buy second-hand goods than to buy new doors, fireplaces or radiators. These days a large number of businesses offer second-hand material, though many of them cater exclusively for ………….(3) builders. However, there are outlets that sell to members of the public, so someone who wants to indulge ……….(4) a spot of Do It Yourself will probably be able to find reclamation material, as second-hand building supplies are known, anywhere in the country. Searching for ………….(5) one wants can be time-consuming, so why bother? Is there, for example, any financial reason to make it …………(6) one’s while. The answer, in many cases, is yes. An oak door in good condition will be considerably …………(7) expensive than a new one, even if it is only a few years old. However, the ………….(8) of clients of reclamation yards are on the lookout for ………….(9) that simply can’t be found these days, such as stone fireplaces several centuries old. Items like this, of course, are expensive, but there are a lot of people who do not …………(10) paying a high price for a second-hand fireplace that is, in their view, better than new. 1) ………………….. 6) …………………..

2) ………………….. 7) …………………..

3) ………………….. 8) …………………..

4) ………………….. 9) …………………..

5) ………………….. 10) …………………

VIII. Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. Freud and Dreams Sigmund Freud is regarded as the (1)………… of psychoanalysis. His work has been (2) ………….. in many areas but he is perhaps best known for having drawn our (3)….………. to dreams, which he believed were clues to inner conflicts. The fact that a dream is (4) …………… a disguised expression of what is happening in the unconscious mind means that it is difficult for the dreamer to understand its (5)……………….. Freud believed that the sleeping mind resorted to a whole range of unconscious wishes in forms which would prevent the dreamer from having any (6)…………. of their true nature. In Freud’s view, interpreting the meaning of the dream required a psychoanalyst with an expert (7)…………… of how dreams disguise desires. The psychoanalyst’s lack of personal (8)……………. in the dream would enable him to see the dream objectively. According to Freud, dreams use a (9)………….. symbolic language quite different from that of walking life, but the fact is there is no hard (10)……………. for believing that dreams really do reflect our unconscious wishes. Nevertheless, Freud (11)………….. made a major contribution to twentieth century thought and many useful insights into psychological processes have been gained through his work.

FOUND INFLUENCE ATTEND ESSENTIAL SIGNIFY AWARE KNOW INVOLVE MYSTERY EVIDENT DOUBT

1) ……………… 2) ……………… 3) ……………… 4) ……………… 5) ……………… 6) ……………… 7) ……………… 8) ……………… 9) ……………… 10) …………….. 11) …………….. IX. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it. 1) Do you have a good relationship with your boss? Are …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2) There isn’t much likelihood of it snowing today. It’s …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3) Does he know enough English to get by in his job? Is his …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4) It was noticed because of his exclamation. Had it ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5) He can shout even louder but I still won’t take any notice. No matter ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6) ‘There won’t be peace until free elections are held,’ he warned. He warned that only when ……………………………………………………………………………………………... 7) We very much regret the closure, although there really was no alternative. Much …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 8) It is vital that people see that the system is changing. The system must ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

9) The thought passed through his mind and the decision was taken a moment later. The though had no ……………………………………………………………………………………………………... 10) There is a widespread assumption that a drug overdose caused the soul musician’s death. The soul musician’s death ……………………………………………………………………………………………... X. Rewrite the following sentences without changing the meaning using the word given. 1) We are surprised that the man can demonstrate such a mastery of Portuguese. (COMMAND) To ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2) Frederick is such a talented artist that most critics respect him. (LOOK) Frederick is so ……………………………………………………………………………………………………... 3) You should have visited your grandma when you were in town. (PAID) I would rather ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4) I don’t mind where the money goes as long as the people are the real beneficiaries. (MATTER) ……………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………... 5) Her second novel is not as interesting as her first one. (COMPARISON) Her …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6) They continued to look for the girl till it got dark. (SEARCH) The …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7) I find Harold’s behavior quite incomprehensible. (LOSS) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8) I was too scared to tell him what I really thought. (LACKED) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9) The house shouldn’t be left unlocked for any reason. (ACCOUNT) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10) The fact that he will never race again is something he cannot accept. (TERMS) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… XI. Read the following passage and answer the comprehension questions. The invention of banking The invention of banking preceded that of coinage. Banking originated in Ancient Mesopotamia where the royal palaces and temples provided secure places for the safe-keeping of grain and other commodities. Receipts came to be used for transfers not only to the original depositors but also to third parties. Eventually private houses in Mesopotamia also got involved in these banking operations and laws regulating them were included in the code of Hammurabi. In Egypt too the centralization of harvests in state warehouses also led to the development of a system of banking. Written orders for the withdrawal of separate lots of grain by owners whose crops had been deposited there for safety and convenience, or which had been compulsorily deposited to the credit of the king, soon became used as a more general method of payment of debts to other persons including tax gatherers, priests and traders. Even after the introduction of coinage these Egyptian grain banks served to reduce the need for precious metals which tended to be reserved for foreign purchases, particularly in connection with military activities. Question 1: In both Mesopotamia and Egypt the banking systems ………… A. were initially limited to transactions involving depositors. B. were created to provide income for the king. C. required a large staff to administer them. D. grew out of the provision of storage facilities for food. Question 2: What does the writer suggest about banking? A. It can take place without the existence of coins. B. It is likely to begin when people are in debt. C. It normally requires precious metals. D. It was started to provide the state with an income. XII. Writing ‘Students should only rely on themselves to make decisions about their future.’ Do you agree or disagree? Justify your answer. Your writing should be between 100 and 150 words.