• Author / Uploaded
• Marina Tomás Pina

• Categories
• Irlanda
• Republica de Irlanda
• Republicanismo irlandés
• Reino Unido
• Historia de irlanda

Citation preview

All About Ireland

3

B

3º ESO DBH 3 3r ESO

Burlington Books

Emily Winston

T E A C H E R ’ S M AT E R I A L

CONTENTS To the Teacher

3

Before Reading

5

After Reading: Extra Challenges

6

Final Test

7

Answers to Final Test

8

Answers to Activities in the Reader

9

Answers to Cross-Curricular Focus

11

Before using the following teacher’s material, we recommend that you visit the Teacher’s Zone at www.burlingtonbooks.es and consult the Burlington Activity Reader Series general information leaflet. The Final Test in this teacher’s material is also available in editable Word format from the website. The Student’s Zone on the site offers additional activities.

All About Ireland

TO THE TEACHER SUMMARY

All About Ireland focuses on the culture and history of a country known for its beautiful green landscapes. Irish culture is full of colourful legends, beautiful music and strong feelings of patriotism. All About Ireland also looks at the country’s geography and economy. In Chapters 1 and 2, we learn about the early history of Ireland and why there was a long history of violence between the English and the Irish. In the 1600s, the English King James I sent English Protestants to take land away from Irish Catholic farmers. The Irish farmers remained poor and depended on the potato crop for almost all of their food supply. Disaster struck in 1845 and 1846 with the Irish Potato Famine. The British government did not do enough to help the Irish and more than one million people died from starvation. Consequently the movement for Irish autonomy began to grow. The Sinn Fein party was established in the early 1900s, which produced the Irish Republican Army (IRA), known for its violent fight against the British. After years of fighting, a treaty was signed in 1921 that separated the Irish Free State (Republic of Ireland) from Northern Ireland, the six counties that remained part of Britain. Chapter 3 describes the geography of Ireland, mentioning how the high levels of rainfall and cool temperatures help keep Ireland green. There are many places to visit including the Burren, a huge limestone area with a large variety of plants and Aillwee Cave, in the middle of the Burren, which has many stalagmites and stalactites. This chapter also tells us the colourful legend of how the fantastic Giant’s Causeway was formed by two giants. Chapter 4 describes four interesting places to see in Ireland. First is Newgrange, an ancient temple near the east coast of Ireland that is older than the Pyramids in Egypt. Newgrange is famous because it is perfectly aligned, so the sunlight shines down a passage through a hole in the ceiling to a chamber, on the shortest day of the year. Next, we read about the Book of Kells, a lovely medieval manuscript, which is on display today at Trinity College Library in Dublin. We then move to Blarney Castle with its famous “Blarney Stone”. Many people come to kiss the stone because, according to legend, they will become more eloquent if they do. Finally, we look at a replica of the Jeanie Johnston on the River Liffey, a ship that made voyages from Ireland to North America, carrying the emigrants away from Ireland during the years of the potato famine. In Chapter 5, we are introduced to Irish customs, traditions and holidays. First we read about the history of Irish dancing and learn why the early dancing masters learned to keep their arms close to their body. Then, Irish wedding customs, influenced by the early Celtic people, are presented and finally, we find out how the Irish celebrate St Patrick’s Day and Halloween. Chapter 6 is about Irish myths and legends, most of which come from early Irish history. Leprechauns, banshees and changelings are introduced and we learn about some other fascinating legends. Chapter 7 mentions Ireland’s four Nobel Prize winners in literature, more than by any other country with a population as small as Ireland’s. This chapter includes short biographies of three other famous Irish writers: James Joyce, Oscar Wilde and C.S. Lewis. In Chapter 8, Irish successes in dance, architecture and the Eurovision Song Contest (which Ireland has won seven times) are discussed and information about five contemporary Irish celebrities is presented. In Chapter 9, we read about some sports unique to Ireland like Gaelic football and hurling. We also find out about other popular sports like horse racing. Then, in Chapter 10, we discover some typical Irish food and drinks. In Chapter 11, we learn about “The Troubles” in Ireland from 1968-1998, the three decades of violent conflict between the Protestant majority and the Catholic minority in Northern Ireland. As a result of discrimination, the Catholic minority wanted to unite with the Republic of Ireland. Protests and marches gradually became more violent. As the danger grew, the British government sent soldiers to keep the peace. The Irish Republican Army joined the battle, and their campaign of violence was answered by the Protestant Ulster Volunteer Force. More than 3,600 people died and 50,000 were injured during the 30-year period. Finally, the Good Friday Agreement of 1998 ended the violence.

3

All About Ireland

Chapter 12 tells us about Ireland today, including a description of the flag, the official languages of Ireland and the lively tourist scene. The impressive period of economic growth from 1995 to 2000 is described, followed by the difficulties Ireland faces today after the major economic recession which began in 2008. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

• King James I of England and Ireland (1566-1625) was a religious Protestant and wanted to convert the Irish to Protestantism. However, he was afraid of Catholic conspiracies against him, so he used this fear to justify introducing restrictions against Catholics and suppressing their religion. • Great Britain consists of three different countries: England, Wales and Scotland. Most of the island of Ireland (that which is not the UK’s Northern Ireland) is an independent country called the Republic of Ireland. • The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The official name of the country is “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”. • Seats in Parliament refer to the number of members in Parliament. For example, today there are 650 members in the British Parliament, so that means that there are 650 seats (places). • Jacob’s pillow appears in the Book of Genesis as the stone used as a pillow by the Israelite patriarch Jacob. He had a vision in his sleep and he consecrated the stone to God. • St Columba (521-597) was an Irish monk and missionary. He helped spread Christianity in Scotland. Some people believe the Blarney Stone is the deathbed pillow of St Columba on the island of Iona (west of Scotland). Later, the stone was taken to Ireland. • The Irish Republican Army (IRA) is an Irish republican revolutionary military organisation. The IRA fought a guerrilla campaign against British rule in Ireland in the 1919-1921 Irish War of Independence and resumed a violent campaign later, especially in Northern Ireland from 1968 to 1998. • Jonathan Swift (1667-1745) is an Irish author, clergyman and satirist. Most of his writings were published under false names. He is best remembered for his book Gulliver’s Travels, published in 1728. • Riverdance and Lord of the Dance are theatrical shows consisting of traditional Irish stepdancing, known for its rapid leg movements while body and arms are kept largely stationary. They were created and choreographed by Irish-American dancer Michael Flatley and are performed around the world. • The Union Jack is the national flag of the United Kingdom. The flag combines elements of three older national flags: the red cross of St George for England and Wales, the white diagonal cross of St Andrew for Scotland, and the red diagonal cross of St Patrick to represent Ireland. One of the uses for the word “jack” was to describe a naval flag before 1600.

4

All About Ireland

BEFORE READING Ask the questions and elicit the answers from the whole class. Some possible answers are provided in italics. If you prefer, students can work in pairs or small groups. SUGGESTIONS FOR LEAD-IN ACTIVITIES

1. What do you know about Ireland? (It’s a small country. It’s an island. St Patrick is the patron saint of Ireland. There has been violent conflict between Ireland and Britain for many years. Ireland is associated with the colour green. The Irish are famous for their folk music and Irish folk dancing. There are myths about leprechauns.) 2. What famous Irish people do you know? (Bono, Oscar Wilde, Pierce Brosnan) 3. What makes a country especially attractive to tourists? (pretty scenery, good food, friendly people, interesting places to visit) 4. Why do you think certain food becomes popular in particular areas? (Because it is easily available and people become used to it.) 5. What reasons can you think of to explain why people move away from their country of birth? (to look for better opportunities in another country; to escape war, poverty or other social problems) 6. Do you know of any myths or legends that are famous in your area? (accept all logical answers) How do you think these stories came to be told? (to explain things in history or nature that people are not able to understand; people like stories about interesting places or events that they can tell to their children and grandchildren) BEFORE READING ACTIVITIES

1. Look at the map of Ireland on page 6 and the paragraph on page 8 which starts “Sssh! Don’t say that too loudly”. Explain the differences between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. (They are different countries. The Republic of Ireland has got about 4.5 million people. It has got its own language, Irish Gaelic. Northern Ireland is part of the UK. It has got around 1.8 million people.) 2. Read the first six lines on page 11. What was life like for the Irish farm workers? (They were very poor. They lived in one-room houses and grew potatoes. The potatoes were the only food they ate.) 3. Read the last paragraph on page 17 and look at the picture below. Give some reasons why the Cliffs of Moher are popular with tourists. (The cliffs stand high above the Atlantic Ocean. There are about 30,000 birds there, representing about 20 different species.) 4. Look at the picture at the bottom of page 21. Read the last four lines of the last paragraph on the same page. What do the sculptures in the picture represent? (They represent the Irish people leaving Ireland because of Famine.) 5. Read the first paragraph on page 32. What is special about the Nobel Prize for Literature and the country of Ireland? (No other country with such a small population has got four Nobel Prize winners for literature.) 6. Read the second paragraph on page 53. What is the problem in Ireland today? (750,000 people live just below the poverty line. A quarter of the population haven’t got enough money to afford home heating, meat or a warm coat.)

5

All About Ireland

AFTER READING: EXTRA CHALLENGES MAKE YOUR STUDENTS THINK

Here are some points that more advanced students can be asked to consider after reading the book. 1. What do you think was the most important event in Irish history? Why? 2. Imagine your parents tell you that you are leaving your home and starting a new life in another country. How do you react? 3. What can we learn from the violence in Northern Ireland and the eventual peace agreement? 4. Which of the famous people in the book would you like to meet? Give reasons for your answer. 5. In your opinion, what makes Ireland an interesting place to visit? 6. Choose three places you would like to visit in Ireland and explain your decision. DRAMA ACTIVITIES AND PROJECT SUGGESTIONS

You may want to present some of these activities in the student’s own language. 1. Make a poster to advertise a holiday to Ireland for history lovers, sports fans or nature lovers. Include some pictures. Write a short description in English under each one. 2. Work with a partner. Write a conversation between a British landowner and an Irish farmer during the Potato Famine of 1846 about the problems the farmer experiences and the landowner’s reaction. Then act it out. 3. Make a fact file for Ireland. Include facts about the population, government and places of interest. 4. Work with a partner. Act out the story of the giants Finn McCool and Benandonner. 5. Write a recipe for Boxty. Then imagine you are a chef on a television show and demonstrate how you prepare Boxty. 6. Imagine you are in Ireland for “Bloomsday”. Write a page in your diary describing the activities you have seen. 7. Work with a partner. Invent a conversation between Anna and Ben choosing a place in Ireland to visit. Act it out. 8. Imagine you are an Irish tour guide and you are meeting a new group of tourists tomorrow. Write an email to introduce yourself and present your itinerary to the group. 9. Prepare a quiz about Ireland based on the information in the reader. Then test your classmates’ knowledge of Ireland. 10. Search on the Internet for stories about banshees, leprechauns, changelings or other Irish legends. Write a paragraph about one of the stories and read it to the class.

6

All About Ireland

FINAL TEST A

Complete the sentences with a suitable word or phrase.



1. 



2. People left Ireland in the 1840s because there was



3. Ireland is very green because there is



4. According to the famous legend, leprechauns have got



5. The Good Friday Agreement ended

abolished the Irish Parliament and began to govern Ireland in 1801. . . .

in Northern Ireland.



5 points (1 point each)

B Complete the chart with the people below. Then complete the answers. James Hoban Michael Flatley Aoife the giant Finn McCool James Joyce King James I Who?

What the people did

1. 

… became angry one day and threw a piece of earth into the Irish Sea.

2.

… was jealous of Lir’s children.

3.

… sent Protestant farmers from England to take land from Irish Catholic farmers.

4.

… studied architecture in Dublin and then went to live in Philadelphia in the USA.

5.

… wrote Ulysses, a story about a man named Leopold Bloom, an Irish Jew living in Dublin.

6.

… danced Riverdance during the interval of the 1994 Eurovision Song Contest.

What was the result?



12 points (2 points each)

C

Answer the questions about the reader.



1. Why was Ben lucky to meet Anna on a plane?



2. What colour is associated with Ireland? What is another name for Ireland?



3. The legend about St Patrick expelling snakes from Ireland is a metaphor. What do people believe St Patrick really tried to do?



4. What are the most popular sports in Ireland today?



5. Why do you think so many Irish recipes have got potatoes in them?



6. What three languages are commonly spoken in Ireland today?



18 points (3 points each)

D Choose one topic and write a paragraph. Your paragraph should be at least 30 words long.

1. Choose two geographical features that make Ireland special and describe them.



2. Describe the Irish customs you think are the most interesting.



3. Describe what happened in Belfast after “The Troubles” started in the late 1960s.



15 points

7

All About Ireland

ANSWERS TO FINAL TEST A 1. The English Government

3. a lot of rain

2. a famine

4. a pot of gold

B

Who?

5. violence

What the people did

What was the result?

1.  the giant Finn McCool

became angry one day and threw a piece of earth into the Irish Sea.

This created the Isle of Man.

2. Aoife

was jealous of Lir’s children.

She turned them into swans.

3. King James I

sent Protestant farmers from England to take land from Irish Catholic farmers.

The Irish farmers paid rent to the English landowners.

4. James Hoban

studied architecture in Dublin and then went to live in Philadelphia in the USA.

He won a competition and designed the official residence for the president of the United States.

5. James Joyce

wrote Ulysses, a story about a man named It became Joyce’s most famous Leopold Bloom, an Irish Jew living in Dublin. novel.

6.  Michael Flatley danced Riverdance during the interval of the 1994 Eurovision Song Contest.

He expanded it into a two hour show and millions of people saw it.

C 1. Because she explained the history of Ireland to him. 2. Green; the Emerald Isle 3. Snakes often represent evil. St Patrick tried to expel evil from Ireland. 4. Gaelic football and hurling 5. Because potato was the main crop for the poor people in Ireland.



6. English, Polish and Gaelic

D Accept all logical and grammatically correct answers.

Points for inclusion:



1.  The Burren is a huge area of rocks. Water collects in the cracks and Mediterranean, Arctic-Alpine and forest plants grow there including orchids. The Giant’s Causeway has got 40,000 columns of basalt leading to the sea. They are the result of a volcanic eruption 60 million years ago.



2.  The wedding customs are very interesting. The bride and groom hold hands and the priest ties a ribbon around their wrists. They also light a candle together to show how two become one.

On Halloween, people dress up and decorate their houses with images of ghosts, witches and vampires. Sometimes they put up a Halloween tree. It is like a Christmas tree, but it is black and has got images of spiders and ghosts on it. Also, the custom of “trick or treat” started in Ireland. On St Patrick’s Day, people in Ireland go to church and then go home to have a meal with their family. There are also parades and people often wear green clothes with a shamrock on them. 3. Belfast, like other towns in Northern Ireland, became deserted after dark. There were heavy gates around the city centre and they closed at 6 pm until the next morning. People tried to carry on their lives, but many people left Northern Ireland and went to live in mainland Britain or the Republic of Ireland.

8

All About Ireland

ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES IN THE READER PRE-READING ACTIVITIES (page 7) 1 1. flag 4. built 2. fought 5. afraid 3. Powerful

See birds

3

Kiss a stone

See stalactites and stalagmites

Cliffs of Moher

1

2 b, c, d, f

3 Blarney Castle

CHAPTERS 1-2 ACTIVITIES (pages 14-15)

2

1 1. c – bored 3. b – guidebook 2. d – priest 4. a – handsome 2. disease 5. followers 3. demolish 6. debts 2. c

3. c

3

3 The Burren

3

4

4. b

4  The turning point was during the Potato Famine when the British government didn’t help the starving Irish people.

3 Newgrange

2 1. an army 4. encourage

3 1. b

See a See an variety of illuminated plant life chamber

Aillwee Cave

3

5

5 1. The Celts captured people from Britain and brought them to work in Ireland.

4 1.  He picked up a piece of earth and threw it into the Irish Sea.

2.  He returned to Ireland and converted pagan people to Christianity.

2.  A volcanic eruption, 60 million years ago caused them.

3. That St Patrick sent all the snakes in Ireland into the sea.

3.  Experts don’t know how the people in ancient times without any modern apparatus design it with such precision.

4.  A fungus infected the potatoes. They became soft and began to decompose and people had nothing to eat.

4. It’s a medieval manuscript containing the four Gospels.

5.  The treaty divided Ireland in two parts. Six counties in the north remained under British control. The rest of Ireland became the Irish Free State (later, the Republic of Ireland).

5. He cared about his passengers and limited the number of people he took on his ship. He made 16 journeys to North America and not one passenger died.

CHAPTERS 3-4 ACTIVITIES (pages 22-23)

CHAPTERS 5-6 ACTIVITIES (pages 30-31)

1 1. challenged 4. cut down

1 1. candle

s

n

t

o

c

a

a

2. cross 5. light

2. sword

t

b

g

e

a

l

m

3. held 6. Pick up

3. ghost

a

l

h

i

n

a

h

2 2 and 4 are logical.

4. tears

s

w

o

r

d

k

b

1. Wear a warm jacket.

5. meal

l

a

s

h

l

r

e

3. The grass is green.

6. bell

i

s

t

m

e

a

l

r

t

e

a

r

s

l

5. It’s very cold.

9

All About Ireland

Answers to Activities in the Reader continued 2 1. c

2. b

3 A 1. Irish dancing

3. a

4. c

5. a 6. c

B

3

 ecorate black d trees

2

cries and screams

4

 ith gold coins in w a pot.

3. At Halloween, some Irish people

1

is famous around the world

3

 ith witches and w spiders.

called his harp

5

 hen a person is w going to die.

5. A banshee

2

6. The Dagda

4

c elebrate St Patrick’s Day is a male fairy

a

r

b

o

a

1 6

 ecause of shows b like Lord of the Dance. a nd it flew into his hands.

4 1.  Some people go to church and return home to eat a meal with their families. There are many parades. People wear green clothes, sometimes with a shamrock on them. In Dublin, there is an annual festival. 2. It has got two hands holding a heart with a crown. The hands represent friendship, the heart represents love, and the crown represents fidelity. 3.  The leprechaun must give the human his pot of gold or three wishes in exchange for the leprechaun’s release. 4.  When St Patrick brought Christianity to Ireland, the children heard the sound of a bell and changed to humans.

2

d e l

t o show their love of Irish culture.

5

6

1

C

2. Many people around the world

4. A leprechaun

2

3

6

j

o

f

4

i

a

s

h

i

o

n

5

a

t

g

w

t

h

a

e

t

r

n

e

d

d

d

b

2. Oscar Wilde 3. C.S. Lewis 4. Michael Flatley 5. Bono 6. Jonathan Rhys Meyers 4 1.  People dress in costumes from the period of the novel Ulysses. There are many cultural activities, including readings from the book. 2. He died the same day as the assassination of J.F. Kennedy. 3. His parents wanted to make sure he knew about his Irish heritage, so they sent him to Irish dance lessons. 4. He designed the White House in Washington. 5. He played in the James Bond series.

6.  First, he played the Music of Tears on his harp and everyone in the castle started to cry. Then, he played the Music of Laughter and the people laughed. Finally, he played the Music of Sleep and the people dropped their swords and fell asleep. The Dagda took his harp and quietly left the castle.

1 1. kick

1 1. busy 5. corner 2. editor 6. Contest 3. worldwide 7. develop 4. entertaining 8. provide

10

e

3 1. James Joyce

5.  The legend of changelings, because fairies might take a healthy human baby and leave a deformed fairy baby in its place. These babies are called changelings, they look like human babies but they are evil.

CHAPTERS 7-8 ACTIVITIES (pages 38-39)

l

6. The Queen knighted him. CHAPTERS 9-10 ACTIVITIES (pages 46-47) 2. race 3. baked 4. beer 5. cloth 6. sticks 7. team 8. shake 9. expecting 10. neighbours

All About Ireland

Answers to Activities in the Reader continued 2 1. c

2. a

3. e

4. b

5. f

6. d

3 1.  They didn’t want Irish sport to be under the control of the English Sports Association. 2. Because in the first race, the riders could see the church steeple and knew which way to go. 3. at Halloween. 4. Joe Sheridan 5. It comes from a Gaelic phrase meaning “water of life”. 6. Queen Elizabeth I. CHAPTERS 11-12 ACTIVITIES (pages 54-55)

2 1. b

2. d

3. a

4. c

3 Yes, there has been a resolution because the fighting has stopped. / No, because there are still differences between Catholics and Protestants. 4 1.  The name for the three decades of violent conflict in Northern Ireland. 2.  There are new restaurants and nightclubs. Tourists come for holidays and there aren’t any soldiers on the streets. There is no more violence between the Catholics and Protestants. This shows that Northern Ireland is a pleasant and safe place to visit.

1. advert 6. amazing

3. Green: the Gaelic tradition of Ireland and its native people Orange: the followers of the Protestant King William III of Orange White: hope for peace between the people

2. dairy 7. imprisoned

4. as the world’s friendliest country

3. payments 8. increased

5. pharmaceutical, medical and dairy products

1 impr i sone

dwealthyshotpaymentsdair yamazinggrowthadver tbr ightin crea sed

4. bright 9. growth 5. shot 10. wealthy

ANSWERS TO CROSS-CURRICULAR FOCUS GERRY CONLON, ONE OF THE GUILDFORD FOUR (page 63)

LORD LOUIS MOUNTBATTEN (page 65)

1

3

T F 1. w k 2. d a 3. t o 4. u c 5. h b

1

b

3

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

a

n

o

v

s

v

g

t

b

r

e w e

n p

e

4



 In 2013, Conlon started a human

2

b

a

4

5

b

b

6

a

7

b

Another word for ‘vengeance’ is

r e v e n g e .

rights organisation called

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Justice w a t c h Ireland.

2 1. b

1 2 3 4 5

2. d

3. e

4. a

5. c

11