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Declaration I hereby declare that the project report entitled “De-addiction center in Mongolia” submitted to the Raffles International Institute, is a record of an original work done by me, under the guidance of lecturer L. Solongo, Department of Interior design in Raffles international institute. The information and given data in this report is authentic to the best of my knowledge and is not submitted in any other university or institution for the award or any degree or fellowship.

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Acknowledgement Completing this work during this difficult time of global epidemic and quarantine was a challenging test that required patience and hard work. This great challenge could not be overcome without people to help and support me. First of all, I would like to thank my parents, whom I am greatly indebted to, for brought me up with love and encouragement to this stage. I am feeling oblige in taking the opportunity to sincerely thanks to all Design department Professors of Raffles international institute for their sincere and valuable guidance and encouragement extended to me. I also place on record, my sense of gratitude to one and all who, directly or indirectly, have lent their helping hand in this venture.

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Abstract Drug De-Addiction and Rehabilitation Centre is the place for treatment of the chronic, often relapsing disease and also a place for the restoration of health both physically and psychologically. De-addiction means a state of being free from addiction and rehabilitation means restoration of someone to a normal life. The rehabilitation center will be a therapeutic community for addicts. It is the process of active change by which a person who has become addicts acquires the knowledge and skills needed for optimum physical, psychological and social function. Rehabilitation “refers to services and programs designed to assist individuals who have experienced a trauma or illness that results in impairment that creates a loss function: physical, psychological, social or vocational” (Rems burg & Carson, 2006, p.576)

Content

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s Declaration.....................................................................................................................................2 Acknowledgement..........................................................................................................................3 Abstract..........................................................................................................................................4 Chapter 1- Introduction................................................................................................................7 Introduction..................................................................................................................................7 Background..................................................................................................................................8 Statement of problem...................................................................................................................8 Justification of project..................................................................................................................9 Objectives of project....................................................................................................................9 Methodology................................................................................................................................9 Chapter-2 Literature Review......................................................................................................10 Research, Statistics scenario of drug in Mongolia.....................................................................10 Age patterns of drug users..........................................................................................................11 Reasons for drug intake..............................................................................................................12 Rehabilitation center in Mongolia..............................................................................................12 Research on drug its meaning and treatment.............................................................................13 Treatment................................................................................................................................13 How is drug addiction treated?...............................................................................................14 Therapeutic building design.......................................................................................................15 Human psychology and interior design..................................................................................16 Light...........................................................................................................................................17 Acoustics....................................................................................................................................17 Relation to outdoor areas............................................................................................................18 Personal and social space...........................................................................................................18 Indoor climate............................................................................................................................19 Nature as therapy through Design..............................................................................................19 Understanding the stimulation of human senses........................................................................20 Effect of light, shadow and color...............................................................................................20 Principles of healing interior design...........................................................................................21 5

Spaces for social support............................................................................................................22 Chapter 3- Case study.................................................................................................................25 Rehabilitation Center Groot Klimmendaal................................................................................25 Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment Center.................................................................33 Vejle Psychiatric Hospital..........................................................................................................40 Summary & Conclusion.............................................................................................................47 Chapter-4 Design process............................................................................................................49 Site selection..............................................................................................................................49 Tentative program formulation..................................................................................................50 Mood board and color palette.....................................................................................................50 References.....................................................................................................................................51

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Chapter 1- Introduction Introduction According to the New College edition of the American Heritage Dictionary of English Language: a drug is any chemical agent or substance that affects the function of living things and, a drug addict is person who is a habitual taker of (non-medical) drugs. Drug addiction and its negative consequence is spreading like cancer among the Mongolian youth. Unfortunately, in Mongolia there are only two options for drug addict’s death or jail. There are lot of people who is willing to get rid of drug addiction but they don’t know how because of lack information and education about drug and its abuse or addiction. Drug addiction is a chronic disease characterized by compulsive, uncontrollable, drug seeking and use despite harmful consequences and changes in the brain, which can be long lasting. These changes in the brain can lead to the harmful behaviors. Drug addiction is also a relapsing disease. Relapse is the return to drug use after an attempt to stop. The path to drug addiction begins with the voluntary act of taking drugs. But over time, a person's ability to choose not to do so becomes compromised. Seeking and taking the drug becomes compulsive. This is mostly due to the effects of long-term drug exposure on brain function. Addiction affects parts of the brain involved in reward and motivation, learning and memory, and control over behavior. Addiction is a disease that affects both the brain and behavior. In Mongolia the process of rehabilitation has been thwarted by the societal attitude towards a contrite drug addict. For a total and successful rehabilitation program to be put in place, most neoro-psychiatrists insist that society should start seeing addicts as sick people who deserve sympathy and normal healthcare.

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Background Many people do not understand why people become addicted to drugs and alcohol or how drugs change the brain to foster compulsive drug abuse. They mistakenly view drug abuse and addiction as strictly a social problem and may characterize those who take drugs as morally weak. One very common belief is that drug abusers should be able to just stop taking drugs if they are only willing to change their behavior. Traditionally, it has been considered that holding drug users in custody or prison would prevent their access to drugs, and that staying from drugs for a few months would enable them to live without drugs indefinitely. However, these approaches have historically fallen well short of expectations, not least because drugs are often accessible in prisons. Drug abuse is affecting the strongest part of any nation and its youth. Due to the eagerness and potentially to try every bit of fun young people are likely to get the addiction. It is more likely that the addicted victim gets involved in criminal activities. This illness is damaging the whole society. A good therapy is what needed under such predicaments. Thus, rehabilitation center will be the solution to this problem. A complete institution dealing utterly with this matter is required in our society. Rehabilitation is a place which enables the user to cease substance abuse, in order to avoid the psychological, legal, social and physical consequences that can be caused through the process of constant medical, psychological and recreational treatment.

Statement of problem 

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It is less likely seek help for treatment because of the legal penalties. Addicts often go to the National Center for Mental Health when they are in a state of emergency, intoxication, or insanity. The National Center for Mental Health has a 30-bed drug treatment unit. Ten people are taken in one shift and hospitalized for about 10 days. Due to the lack of beds, the patient is not fully treated. Inpatient treatment should last from 20 days to a month because of the psychological treatment of drug addicts. They lack the proper recreational space like landscaping element for the speedy recovery. Interior design is not use in the recovery of the addicts in spite of it plays vital role in the psychology of addicts like color, light, nature act as a psychology parameter which can use in the building in different way.

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Justification of project Interior Design is about creating a space and making it lively for a suitable purpose. A building design conveys various impacts and effects to its habitat. The case of Mongolian rehab ward is not sufficient enough. It thus carries the huge default. Some of the basic outlines regarding why there is necessity of drug and alcohol rehab in Mongolia are as follows: 

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Being limited in number of bed and planned for small number of patients, the services provided through National Center for Mental Health ward in our case aren’t sufficient to treat the huge number of addicts who are willing to fight their habit and get back to normal life. What we also lack is the proper counseling institution for the younger generation regarding the drugs, mental illness and alcoholism. This approach is aimed towards creating a better building space. To enhance the ability of interior design in creating inspiration and enthusiasm particular group of people who are depressed in life.

Objectives of project 

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Primary goal of this rehab center is to provide proper treatment rather than punishment for the antisocial behavior and to provide residential service and special vocational training to enhance their life to re-enter the society and to participate positively within the community Besides the medical context of the rehab center where addicts are treated, this rehab center is intended to be designed as “center for awareness against the addictions”. The center will have enough built space for various functions as treatment, rehabilitation, training, meditation, games and wide varieties of fitness and recreational activities which include daily fitness, yoga and meditation, sauna etc. Physical and mental treatment and also act as a platform for the addicts to show their workshops and studio skills by means of exhibition. Through the use of interior design, the project aims to create an environment which increases the satisfaction of patients with the treatment and reduces their stress. The design will address concerns regarding the satisfaction, safety, and functionality of the rehabilitation facility.

Methodology It is intended to identify potential areas on the physical aspects of healing environment in deaddiction center designs. Methodology employed in this research includes case studies, which is followed up by analysis of functional spaces, color, materials and understanding the psychological aspects of patients and doctors.

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Chapter-2 Literature Review Research, Statistics scenario of drug in Mongolia Drug abuse is a worldwide problem that affects millions of people and Mongolia is no exception. Over the last years, growing drug use has been of increasing concern to the society in Mongolia. It is mainly young boys and girls who are engaging in drug use for a variety of reasons and many young Mongolians have already died from drug use. Drug uses possess serious challenges as it affects foremost the health and life of the drug user, the social wellbeing of the family and community. According to the latest World Health Organization data published in 2017 Drug Use Deaths in Mongolia reached 40 or 0.21% of total deaths. The age adjusted Death Rate is 1.46 per 100,000 of population ranks Mongolia #80 in the world. Compared to the same period last year, drug related crime increased by 30.7 percent. The number of participants increased by 31.1 percent. In the first eight months of 2019, a total of 169 drug-related crimes were committed nationwide. 294 people were tested. [ CITATION Iko19 \l 1033 ] In the first nine months of 2019, 330 people were investigated in 193 cases involving drugs and psychotropic substances nationwide. Of these, 170 were registered in Ulaanbaatar and 23 in rural areas. This is an increase of 62 points or 32.2 percent compared to the same period in 2018. The number of contacts increased by 72 units or 21.9 percent. In 2019, 282 or 85.4 percent of those investigated in connection with crime are young people aged 19-35. Also, 17 or 5.1 percent are children aged 1518. For example, 13 out of 17 children are in grades 10-12 of secondary school. As of the third quarter of this year, a total of 330 people was involved in crime, of which 47 or 14.2 percent were repeat offenders. [ CITATION Hea19 \l 1033 ]

Figure 1 Drugs that are common in Mongolia retrieved, from Ikon.mn

Age patterns of drug users Among the drug users, a very large majority of which happened to be young users. Of the total number of registered participants this year, 20-24 years accounted for the highest proportion of the current drug users in Mongolia, followed by 25-29 years age group, seven percent are aged 30-34, and the remaining one percent are aged 46-55. These figures show that people under the age of 35 are generally involved in this type of crime. [ CITATION Iko19 \l 1033 ] 10

Age group

Percentage

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25 16 9

7 1