• Author / Uploaded
• Jose Maria Garrido Sirvent

Citation preview

Laminar Transitional Turbulent flow flow flow

0.08

898 FLUID MECHANICS

Fully rough turbulent flow ( f levels off ) 0.05 0.04

0.07 0.06

0.03

0.04

,f=

flow

0.01 0.008 0.006

64/R

0.03

0.004

e

0.025

0.002

0.02

0.001 0.0008 0.0006 0.0004

Roughness, e Material

0.015

0.01 0.009

Glass, plastic Concrete Wood stave Rubber, smoothed Copper or brass tubing Cast iron Galvanized iron Wrought iron Stainless steel Commercial steel

0.008

ft

mm

0 0.003–0.03 0.0016 0.000033 0.000005 0.00085 0.0005 0.00015 0.000007 0.00015

0 0.9–9 0.5 0.01 0.0015 0.26 0.15 0.046 0.002 0.045

0.0002

Smooth pipes e/D = 0

0.0001 e/D = 0.000005

0.00005

e/D = 0.000001

0.00001 3 4 5 6 7 103 2(10 ) 3 4 5 6 8 104 2(10 ) 3 4 5 6 8 105 2(10 ) 3 4 5 6 8 106 2(10 ) 3 4 5 6 8 107 2(10 ) 3 4 5 6 8 108 Reynolds number, Re

FIGURE A–12 L V2 . Friction factors in the The Moody chart for the friction factor for fully developed flow in circular pipes for use in the head loss relation h L
f D 2g 1 e/D 2.51
2 log10 a  b. turbulent flow are evaluated from the Colebrook equation 3.7 Re 1f 1f

Relative roughness, e/D

0.015

inar

Darcy friction factor, f

0.02

Lam

0.05

cen72367_appx1.qxd 11/17/04 4:34 PM Page 898

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