• Author / Uploaded
• Iwan Flamenggo

• Categories
• Explotar (Seguridad Informática)
• Seguridad y privacidad en línea
• Guerra cibernética
• Tecnologías de la información
• Habilidades de seguridad informática

Citation preview

CCNA Cybersecurity Operations v1.0 Skills Assessment •

Introduction Working as the security analyst for ACME Inc., you notice a number of events on the SGUIL dashboard. Your task is to analyze these events, learn more about them, and decide if they indicate malicious activity. You will have access to Google to learn more about the events. Security Onion is the only VM with Internet access in the Cybersecurity Operations virtual environment. The tasks below are designed to provide some guidance through the analysis process. You will practice and be assessed on the following skills: •

Evaluating Snort/SGUIL events.

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Using SGUIL as a pivot to launch ELSA, Bro and Wireshark for further event inspection.

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Using Google search as a tool to obtain intelligence on a potential exploit.

Content for this assessment was obtained from http://www.malware-traffic-analysis.net/ and is used with permission. We are grateful for the use of this material.

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Addressing Table The following addresses are preconfigured on the network devices. Addresses are provided for reference purposes. Device

Interface

Network/Address

eth0

192.168.0.1/24

Interface connected to the Internal Network

eth2

209.165.201.21/24

Interface connected to the External Networks/Internet

Security Onion VM

1.

Description

Gathering Basic Information a. Log into Security Onion VM using with the username analyst and password cyberops. b. Open a terminal window. Enter the sudo service nsm status command to verify that all the services and sensors are ready. c.

When the nsm service is ready, log into SGUIL with the username analyst and password cyberops. Click Select All to monitor all the networks. Click Start SQUIL to continue.

d. In the SGUIL window, identify the group of events that are associated with exploit(s). This group of events are related to a single multi-part exploit. How many events were generated by the entire exploit? Total all 11 Realtime events (original) 6 Orange RealTime events 1 Yellow RealTime Events 4 Red RealTime events

According to SGUIL, when did the exploit begin? When did it end? Approximately how long did it take? Start Date/time at 2017-07-05 14:11:41 End Date/Time at 2017-07-31 19:33:07 Total all is 26 days 130

What is the IP address of the internal computer involved in the events? 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.11

What is the MAC address of the internal computer involved in the events? How did you find it? 00:1b:21:ca:fe:d7 can be found by right clicking on Alert ID and opening Wireshark

What are some of the Source IDs of the rules that fire when the exploit occurs? Where are the Source IDs from? 2014726, 2018442, 2019224, 2019488, 2020356, 2018954, 2021120, 2020491, 2018316, 2019645, 2019513 Select any event in the SGUIL screen. In the split window at the bottom right, check “Show Rule”. The bottom area will display the rule that triggered the event. a. Do the events look suspicious to you? Does it seem like the internal computer was infected or compromised? Explain. _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ a. What is the operating system running on the internal computer in question? In the “Alert ID” field of the SGUIL screen, press and hold the right mouse button, select Transcript and release it. On the window that the system opens, you can display the OS Fingerprint data of 192.168.0.12 as Windows XP/2000

1.

Learn About the Exploit a. According to Snort, what is the exploit kit (EK) in use? Exploit kits are automated threats that utilize compromised websites to divert web traffic, scan for vulnerable browser-based applications, and run malware. Exploit kits were

developed as a way to automatically and silently exploit vulnerabilities on victims' machines while browsing the web. a. What is an exploit kit? is simply a collection of exploits, which is a simple one-in-all tool for managing a variety of exploits altogether. Exploit kits act as a kind of repository, and make it easy for users without much technical knowledge to use exploits. Users can add their own exploits to it and use them simultaneously apart from the pre-installed ones a. Do a quick Google search on ‘Angler EK’ to learn a little about the fundamentals the exploit kit. Summarize your findings and record them here. _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ a. How does this exploit fit the definition on an exploit kit? Give examples from the events you see in SGUIL. b. _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ c.

_____________________________________________________________________________ _______

d. _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ e. _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ f.

What are the major stages in exploit kits?

g. Step 1: Contact - The attacker often use spammed email and social engineering lures to make people click the link of an exploit kit server. In another form, a user clicks on a malicious advertisement (malvertisement) found in a legitimate website h. Step 2: Redirect - The exploit kit generator screens for its target and then filters out victims who don’t meet certain requirements. For example, an exploit kit operator can target a specific country by filtering client IP address by geolocation

1.

i.

Step 3: Exploit - The victims are then directed into the exploit kit’s landing page. The landing page determines which vulnerabilities should be used in the ensuing attack

j.

Step 4: Infect - After successfully exploiting a vulnerability, the attacker can now download and execute malware in the victim’s environment

Determining the Source of the Malware a. In the context of the events displayed by SGUIL for this exploit, record below the IP addresses involved.

b. b. Participating IP address In addition to the internal network 192.168.0.12 and 192.16.0.1, there are also 93.114.64.118, 173.201.198.128, 192.99.198.158, 208.113.226.171, 209.126.97.209_________________________________________________________________ __________________ c.

_____________________________________________________________________________ ______

d. _____________________________________________________________________________ ______ e. The first new event displayed by SGUIL contains the message “ET Policy Outdated Flash Version M1”. The event refers to which host? What does that event imply? f.

e. The IP address of the host associated with the Event is TCP 80 Port of 93.114.64.118. At the beginning, you should use Browser to connect to http://www.earsurgery.org, and the Flash object on the website points to 93.114.64.118 (displayed as mail.chooseyourself.ro on Transcript, but adstairs.ro on HTML header) Download the Flash object to Trigger this Event.________________________________________________________________________ ___________

g. According to SGUIL, what is the IP address of the host that appears to have delivered the exploit? h. _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ i.

Pivoting from SGUIL, open the transcript of the transaction. What is the domain name associated with the IP address of the host that appears to have delivered the exploit?

j.

_____________________________________________________________________________ _______

k.

This exploit kit typically targets vulnerabilities in which three software applications?

l.

_____________________________________________________________________________ _______

m. Based on the SGUIL events, what vulnerability seems to have been used by the exploit kit? _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ a. What is the most common file type that is related to that vulnerable software? _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ a. Use ELSA to gather more evidence to support the hypothesis that the host you identified above delivered the malware. Launch ELSA and list all hosts that downloaded the type of file listed above. Remember to adjust the timeframe accordingly. b. Were you able to find more evidence? If so, record your findings here. c.

_____________________________________________________________________________ _______

d. _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ e. _____________________________________________________________________________ _______

f.

At this point you should know, with quite some level of certainty, whether the site listed in Part 3b and Part 3c delivered the malware. Record your conclusions below. _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______

1.

Analyze Details of the Exploit a. Exploit kits often rely on a landing page used to scan the victim’s system for vulnerabilities and exfiltrate a list of them. Use ELSA to determine if the exploit kit in question used a landing page. If so, what is the URL and IP address of it? What is the evidence? b. Hint: The first two SGUIL events contain many clues. _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ a. What is the domain name that delivered the exploit kit and malware payload? _____________________________________________________________________________ ______ a. What is the IP address that delivered the exploit kit and malware payload? _____________________________________________________________________________ ______ a. Pivoting from events in SGUIL, launch Wireshark and export the files from the captured packets as was done in a previous lab. What files or programs are you able to successfully export? _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______