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INTRODUCTION Cultural differences become a huge obstacle for the translators to create a good translation. Veremeer () stated that Language is a part of a culture. As we know that language and culture being influence each other, the transference of the linguistic expression is precisely an attempt to integrate elements of one culture into another. Translation, thus, becomes a cross cultural event and the translator has to formulate his translation strategies to translate source culture into target culture. Dealing with the cultural problem, a translator is supposed to use cultural filter theory. Here cultural filter helps the translator in obtain various elements of source culture which cannot go as they are in the target culture because of the cultural differences. Here our group will try to explain about the cultural filter theory. Our outline as follows: Definition, Covert & Overt, The function of cultural filter, the dimension of Cultural Filter and Functional Equivalence. DEFINITION CULTURE Newmark (1988) The way of life and its manifestations that are peculiar to a community that uses particular language as its means of expression. The term culture originally meant the cultivation of the soul or mind. Culture is a complex whole capabilities and habits acquired by people as a member of society. Whatever it is one has to know or believe in order to operate in a manner acceptable to a society’s members, and do so in any role that they accept for any one of themselves .... Culture is not a material phenomenon; it does not consist of things, people, behavior, or emotions. It is rather an organization of these things. It is the forms of things that people have in mind, their model of perceiving, relating, and otherwise interpreting them.

TRANSLATION

(Goodenough, 1964: 36)

 Catford (1965)  “the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL)”.  Nida dan Taber (1974)  “translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalence of the source-language message “.  House (2016) stated that translation can be seen as the replacement of something else, something that pre-existed, ideas, and expressions represented second hand, as it were. CULTURAL FILTER THEORY IN TRANSLATION Baker (1992) considered a translation is a discipline which focuses on how meaning is generated within and between various groups of people in various cultural settings. House (2006: 349) A cultural filter is a means of capturing cognitive and socio-cultural differences’ to be applied by translators. House (2015) stated that the concept of cultural filter is a means of capturing socio-cultural differences in expectation norms and stylistic conventions between the source and target linguistic-cultural communities. (bit similar with the concept of domestication which is introduced by Venuti in 1995) The use of cultural-filtering is strongly attached to overt and covert translation. House (2015), Covert translation  a translation which enjoys the status of the original source text in the target culture. Covert translation strategy is helping readers understand the original culture, by using the target culture own understanding and frame of reference to describe and explain source culture (House, 1977). According to House (1997), when adopting covert translation strategy, translators use the cultural filter to modify cultural elements in the work. The cultural filter is referring to modify source cultures to the target cultures in the translation texts (House, 1977).

Overt translation  one in which the addressees of the translation text are quite “overtly” not directly addresses, it is not a “second original”. Translators would not use target culture to interpret source culture in the translation texts, instead translators further explain information which is related to the source culture (House, 2006, 2015). If the source culture is both interesting and well known to other communities, most translators use an overt translation strategy in their target texts (House, 2006). However, overt translation strategy needs to be performed carefully with regard to statements about cultural gaps, as translators should preserve the original features for readers (House, 1997, p. 145). Hence, overt translation strategy focus on the lexical meanings can result in a serious blunder between the source texts and the target texts because an overt translation strategy must follow the source culture with certainty (House, 2003b). THE FUNCTION OF CULTURAL FILTER -

To reduce the cultural gap between source text and target text

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To achieve functional equivalence between source text and target text

THE DIMENSION OF CULTURAL FILTER by Juliane House (1997). Five dimensions that together make it possible to assess the use of a cultural filter applied by the translator: 1. Directness versus indirectness, During the categorization process it immediately becomes clear that not all the texts in the catalogues can be sorted according to House’s dimensions. Sometimes both the English text and its Dutch counterpart may be considered “direct” or “indirect”. Saville n troike  directness or indirectness are cultural themes, they are always languagerelated. as defined in speech-act theory, direct acts are those where surface form matches interactional function, as 'Be quiet!' used as a command, versus an indirect 'It's getting noisy in here' or 'I can't hear myself think,' but other units of communication must also be considered.

Indirectness may be reflected in routines for offering and refusing or accepting gifts or food, for instance. Visitors from the Middle East and Asia have reported going hungry in England and the United States because of a misunderstanding of this message; when offered food, many have politely refused rather than accept directly, and it was not offered again. 2. orientation towards self versus orientation towards other

3. orientation towards content versus orientation towards addressees 4. explicitness versus implicitness, and 5. ad-hoc formulations versus verbal routines. Dimension of cross-cultural differences GERMANY

ENGLISH

Direct

Indirect

Orientation toward self

Orientation toward other

Orientation toward content

Orientation toward addressee

Explicit

Implicit

Ad-hoc formulation

Verbal routines

Beside 5 dimensions from House (2016) there was also the cultural filter in terms voice which included active voice and passive voice that stated by Raras.