• Author / Uploaded
• Sajal Kulshrestha

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PROPERTIES OF HOT & COLD FLUID Vessel/ Tank Steam [Use TABLE 6-16] Specific Volume (Vs) Enthalpy/ Latent heat of evaporation (E) Viscocity (µ) Service Fluid (Water) Specific Heat of Vessel content (Cp) Specific Gravity of Liquid (Sg) Log mean Temp Difference (∆T) GTD LTD ∆T Heat Loss through vessel Qty of Liquid to be heated, G Qty of Liquid to be heated, G (for batch Production) Mass Flow Rate, M Heat Required, Q Heat Transfer Coefficient, U Area of Coil Required (Ar)= Q / ( U∆T ) NPS of Pipe Clearance from vessel wall ( C ) Centerline diameter of Coil (Dc) Length of Pipe required (Lr)=Ar/S Coil radius (Dc) Pitch (p) Selected number of turns, Nselect Selected number of turns Actual Length of coil, La Rate of Flow, W=Q/E Reynolds number, Re = (6.31*W)/ (di * µ) Velocity of Steam in Water, V = 0.00085WVs/ di2 Pressure drop, ∆P = 2fLaV2/ 3gDi

Diameter (Dv) Height Liquid Height Volume (VT/T)

3

3.71 ft /lb 877.52 BTU/lb 0.016 cP

Coil Temperature (t1) Initial Temperature of Vessel content (t2) Final Temperature of Vessel content (t3) Time to heat (T)

o 1 BTU/lb/ F 0.98

265.00 133.60 192.07 78000.00 (if vessel not insulated else =0) ft3/hr 65.662 ft3/hr 4015.36 lb/hr 849230.80 BTU/Hr 165 26.80 1.55 10 26.46 77.89754247 26 2.5 11.44454361 12 81.68 967.76 398810.1055 3.33 5.890726775

BTU/hr-ft2-oF ft2 in in in

Coil pipe selection Internal diameter in inch(di) Internal diameter in feet (Di) External Pipe Surface Area (S)

(VT/T) 62.4*G*Sg Q=M*CP*∆T + QL

Dv/30

ft in in

(Dc > 20di) ( Pmax=5*NPS & Pmin=2*NPS; recommended 2.5 * NPS) 46.32875 (Lselect< liquid level) 46.32875 lb/hr ft/sec psig

1.01567003 m/sec g is acc due to gravity=4.17X108 ft/hr2 f= 0.025 for Re=398810

1180 1050 850

3.87 3.44 2.79 32.831

172.22 25.00 98.00

342.00 77.00 208.40 0.5

ft ft ft ft3 o F o F o F Hr

1 NPS 0.957 in 0.07975 ft 0.344 ft2/ft

1.315 " OD 0.179" thk Sch 80 1.98356238 [Use TABLE-6-12]

PROPERTIES OF HOT & COLD FLUID Vessel/ Tank Steam [Use TABLE 6-16] Specific Volume (Vs)

Diameter (Dv) Height Liquid Height Volume (VT/T)

3

3.71 ft /lb 877.52 BTU/lb 0.016 cP

Enthalpy/ Latent heat of evaporation (E) Viscocity (µ)

1180 1050 850

1 BTU/lb/oF 0.98

Specific Heat of Vessel content (Cp) Specific Gravity of Liquid (Sg) Log mean Temp Difference (∆T) GTD LTD ∆T Heat Loss through vessel (if vessel not insulated else =0)

265.00 133.60 192.07 78000.00

Quantity of Liquid to be heated, G Quantity of Liquid to be heated, G (for batch Production) Mass Flow Rate, M Heat Required, Q

65.662 ft3/hr 4015.36 lb/hr 849230.80 BTU/Hr

Area of Coil Required (Ar)= Q / ( U∆T ) NPS of Pipe Clearance from vessel wall ( C ) Centerline diameter of Coil (Dc) Length of Pipe required (Lr)=Ar/S Coil radius (Dc) Pitch (p) Selected number of turns, Nselect Selected number of turns Actual Length of coil, La Rate of Flow, W=Q/E Reynolds number, Re = (6.31*W)/ (di * µ) 2

ft in in

60.6993837 26 2.5 8.91782619 9 61.26 967.76 398810.106

ft in in

Final Temperature of Vessel content (t3) Time to heat (T)

98.00

208.40 oF 0.5 Hr

Coil pipe selection Internal diameter in inch(di) Internal diameter in feet (Di) External Pipe Surface Area (S)

1 NPS in 0.957 0.07975 ft 0.344 ft2/ft [Use TABLE-6-12]

0.179" thk (VT/T)

Sch 80 1.983562382

62.4*G*Sg Q=M*CP*∆T + QL

Dv/30

(Dc > 20di) ( Pmax=5*NPS & Pmin=2*NPS; recommended 2.5 * NPS)

46.32875 (Lselect< liquid level)

46.32875 lb/hr

1.01567 m/sec 8 2 g is acc due to gravity=4.17X10 ft/hr f= 0.025 for Re=398810

3

77.00 oF

in

3.33 ft/sec 4.41804508 psig

ft

25.00

2

20.88 1.55 10 26.46

ft

Initial Temperature of Vessel content (t2)

211.75 BTU/hr-ft2-oF

Heat Transfer Coefficient, U

Velocity of Steam in Water, V = 0.00085WVs/ di 2 Pressure drop, ∆P = 2fLaV / 3gDi

ft /hr

ft

342.00 oF

1.315 " OD 3

ft

172.22

Coil Temperature (t1) Service Fluid (Water)

3.87 3.44 2.79 32.831

Dynamic Viscosity - μ - (centiPoise) Temperat ure o

( F) Saturate d Water Saturate d Steam 1500 1450 1400 1350 1300 1250 1200 1150 1100 1050 1000 950 900 850 800 750 700 650 600 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 32

Absolute pressure - p - (psia) 50 100 200

1

2

5

10

20

0.667

0.524

0.388

0.313

0.255

0.197

0.164

0.138

0.01 0.041 0.04 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.032 0.031 0.03 0.029 0.028 0.026 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.02 0.019 0.018 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.013 0.012 0.011 0.68 1.299 1.753

0.01 0.041 0.04 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.032 0.031 0.03 0.029 0.028 0.026 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.02 0.019 0.018 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.013 0.012 0.011 0.68 1.299 1.753

0.011 0.041 0.04 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.032 0.031 0.03 0.029 0.028 0.026 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.02 0.019 0.018 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.013 0.012 0.427 0.68 1.299 1.753

0.012 0.041 0.04 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.032 0.031 0.03 0.029 0.028 0.026 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.02 0.019 0.018 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.013 0.012 0.427 0.68 1.299 1.753

0.012 0.041 0.04 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.032 0.031 0.03 0.029 0.028 0.26 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.02 0.019 0.017 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.013 0.3 0.427 0.68 1.299 1.753

0.013 0.041 0.04 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.032 0.031 0.03 0.029 0.028 0.026 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.02 0.019 0.017 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.228 0.3 0.427 0.68 1.299 1.753

0.014 0.041 0.04 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.032 0.031 0.03 0.029 0.028 0.027 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.02 0.019 0.017 0.016 0.015 0.182 0.228 0.3 0.427 0.68 1.299 1.753

0.015 0.041 0.04 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.036 0.034 0.034 0.032 0.031 0.03 0.029 0.028 0.027 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.02 0.018 0.017 0.016 0.152 0.183 0.228 0.3 0.427 0.68 1.299 1.752

The critical point for water is 705.40 o F and 3206.2 psia (374 o C - 218 atm) - For pressure beyond this Blue - viscosity of water 1)

Supercritical fluids are phases of substances at high pressures above their critical temperatures. Supercritical water is superhe

(centiPoise)

sure - p - (psia) 500

1000

2000

5000

7500

10000

0.111

0.094

0.078

-

-

-

0.017 0.042 0.04 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.036 0.035 0.034 0.033 0.032 0.03 0.029 0.028 0.027 0.026 0.025 0.023 0.023 0.021 0.02 0.018 0.115 0.131 0.153 0.183 0.228 0.301 0.427 0.68 1.299 1.751

0.019 0.042 0.041 0.04 0.038 0.037 0.036 0.035 0.034 0.033 0.032 0.031 0.03 0.028 0.027 0.026 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.021 0.019 0.103 0.116 0.132 0.154 0.184 0.229 0.301 0.428 0.68 1.299 1.753

0.023 0.042 0.041 0.04 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.036 0.034 0.034 0.033 0.032 0.031 0.029 0.028 0.027 0.026 0.026 0.023 0.087 0.095 0.105 0.118 0.134 0.155 0.185 0.231 0.303 0.429 0.68 1.296 1.745

0.044 0.043 0.042 0.041 0.04 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.037 0.036 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.04 0.057 0.071 0.082 0.091 0.101 0.111 0.123 0.138 0.16 0.19 0.235 0.306 0.431 0.681 1.289 1.733

0.046 0.045 0.044 0.044 0.043 0.042 0.041 0.041 0.04 0.04 0.041 0.042 0.045 0.052 0.062 0.071 0.079 0.088 0.096 0.105 0.114 0.127 0.143 0.164 0.194 0.238 0.31 0.434 0.682 1.284 1.723

0.048 0.047 0.047 0.047 0.046 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.047 0.049 0.052 0.057 0.064 0.071 0.078 0.085 0.092 0.101 0.109 0.119 0.131 0.147 0.168 0.198 0.242 0.313 0.437 0.683 1.279 1.713

18 atm) - For pressure beyond this point the fluid is supercritical1).

ures. Supercritical water is superheated steam under high pressure of more than 3206.2 psia (200 atm) . Under these conditions supercritica

Under these conditions supercritical water decomposes to many substances.