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Clause(II)! Adjective clauses & Adverb clauses Tonny Kuo [email protected]

National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Week

Topics

Assignments

10

Clauses (I)

(6) Maurer: Units 10, 11

11

Clauses (II)

(7) Maurer: Units 12, 13, 19,and 20

12

Discussion on pedagogical grammar

Quiz 3

13

Passive/Gerunds and Infinitives

(8) Maurer: Units 14, 15, 16, and 17

14

Modals/Conditional sentences

(9) Maurer: Units 4, 5, 22, and 23

15

Grammar activities presentation

16

Grammar activities presentation

National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Learning Objectives •

At the end of this course, students will be able 1. to review the basic concepts of noun clauses and define related terms 2. to identify and classify adjective clauses 3. to distinguish identifying/non-identifying clauses 4. to transcribe adjective clauses to sentences, and transcribe sentences to adjective clauses

National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Task 1: Bingo review 1. Form a group of 4 or 5, and then sit with your group members. 2. Raise your hand when you are able to answer the question. 3. T will pick anyone from your group to answer. If you make it correct, you get 10 points. 4. The group with highest points wins the game. National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

what is “reporting verb”?

Make “Tonny is a wise senior” into noun clause.

what is “clause”?

What are 3 types of noun clause?

Give 1 example of “adverb clause”

(T/F) We can omit if in embedded ques.

Make “Was he the top student what is “indirect speech” in class?” into noun clause.

(T/F) A ques. that is changed to a N cl. is called embedded ques.

Make “What’s your favorite subject?” into noun clause

what is “sentence”?

Function of noun clause

give 2 examples of “reporting verbs”

what is “subordinate clause”

what should we notice when changing di. to imdi. speech?

what is “noun clause”

(T/F) We don’t use if to intro. a S. N. cl.

Give 1 example give 1 sentence (T/F) Must use of “adjective with reporting the fact that as subordinator clause” verb after a prep. (T/F) We can what is What are 3 omit that when “phrase”? introducing an types of clause? O. noun clause

what is “direct speech”

what is “dependent clause”

National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Task 2: Sentences making 1. Completing the sentence with at least one adjective that best describes your personality: “I’am a person who is ___________.” 2. Completing the sentences with daily events/habits best describe your group members: “____ a person who ___________.” 3. Share your sentences to the class. National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Task 3: Video Discussion 1. What is “adjective clause”? 2. What’s the function of “adjective clause”? 3. What are the patterns of “adjective clause”? 4. What are subordinators of “adjective clause”? 5. What are the difference between “essential/nonessential adjective clause”? National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Adjective Clause •

Definition/Function/Place

•

Relative Pronoun
 - refer to people: who, whom, that
 - refer to things: which, that
 - The verb in an adjective clause agrees with the noun/pronoun that the clause modifies.

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Role of relative pronoun
 - as subject: who, which, that
 - as object: who(m), which, that, omitted

National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Adjective Clause •

Use “whose to indicate possession”
 - whose + noun to replace his/her/its/their + noun

•

Relative adverb:
 - where: to introduce an adjective clause that modify a noun of place. where replaces there 
 - when/that: to introduce an adjective clause that modify a noun of time. Omission of when/that is informal. National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Adjective Clause Identifying/Essential clause

Non-identifying/Non-essential clause

used to add extra information but does used to distinguish one person or thing not distinguish one person or thing from from another another e.g. The man who delivers the mail is e.g. The man, who delivers the mail, is friendly. friendly. You can omit relative pronoun only in identifying clause.

Don’t use that as a relative pronoun in a non-identifying clause.

e.g. The man (who/whom) you met on Friday is Tarik.

e.g. The GEPT test, which I took for along time ago, has proved to be accurate.

National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Task 4: Group discussion •

Stay in your group, and discuss the following exercises in textbook: 1. Exercise 1: Discover the grammar (pp. 202-203) 2. Exercise 3: Identifying/Non-identifying clauses (p. 204) 3. Exercise 5: Editing (p. 206)

•

Check your answers with your partners.

•

State your questions.

National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Adjective Clause with Prep. •

The relative pronouns who(m), which, that, and whose after a noun can be used as objects of prepositions in adjective clauses.
 - sentence with the prep. at the beginning of the clause is formal.
 - A prep. cannot come at the beginning in clause with that.
 - relative pronouns as object can be omitted: who(m), which, that

•

Bill is the man who/whom/that/* I spoke to. 
 = Bill is the man to whom I spoke to. (formal)

National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Adjective Clause with Prep. •

p. 214: adjective clause with quantifier

National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Adjective Clause with Prep. •

p. 214: adjective clause with noun

National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Adjective Phrases •

We sometimes shorten adjective clauses to adjective phrases with same meanings.
 - relative pronoun serves as subject only
 - a phrase is a group of words without subject and verb

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Steps: p. 216
 1. Deleting relative pronoun
 2-1. Deleting be verb or 
 2-2. Changing verb into its -ing form
 * check commas

National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Adjective Phrases

National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Task 5: Group discussion •

Stay in your group, and discuss the following exercises in textbook: 1. Exercise 1: Discover the grammar (p. 217) 2. Exercise 3: Adjective Phrases (p. 219)

•

Check your answers with your partners.

•

State your questions. National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Adverb Clause •

Complex sentence: sentences containing both an independent clause and a dependent clause
 - main idea: independent clause

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Adverb clause are dependent clauses that indicate how, when, where, why, or under what conditions things happen.
 - subordinators = subordinating conjunctions National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Adverb Clause

National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Adverb Clause •

Types: p. 326
 - adverb clause of time
 - adverb clause of place
 - adverb clause of reason
 - adverb clause of condition
 - adverb clause of contrast National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction

Assignment 11/25 •

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Text book: 
 - Unit 12 Review (p. 210)
 - Unit 13 Review (p. 228)
 - Unit 19 Review (p. 339)
 - Unit 20 Review (p. 357)

See you next week!

Quiz: 
 - adjective clause
 - adverb clause National Hsinchu University of Education Department of English Instruction