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Capacitor Lab-Basics

Shekinah Grace A. Plata

XII-Helium

Capacitor -Virtual Lab Charging capacitor Method:

1. Open the simulation.

https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/capacitor-lab-basics/latest/capacitor-lab-basics_en.html 2. 3. 4. 5.

Click on capacitor. Disconnect the capacitor. Connect the capacitor across the battery. All the parameters (plate charges, bar graph, electric field and current direction) must be selected as shown below

6. Connect the voltmeter across the capacitor and record your observations below: Charg Charge e on the happens to on the lower the charge on upper plate the plates? plate What

Increase the battery voltage to +1.5V. charges increase Decrease the battery voltage to charges switched -1.5V. Keep the battery voltage at 1.5 V and Charges increase increase the plate area Keep the battery voltage at 1.5 V and Charges decrease decrease the plate

Direction

Potential

Capacitan ce

of electric difference field

across the capacitor

positive negative

downward

1.5V

0.30pF

negative positive

upward

-1.5V

0.30pF

positive negative

downward

1.5V

0.59pF

positive negative

downward

1.5V

0.15pF

area Keep the battery voltage at 1.5 V and decrease the separation Keep the battery voltage at 1.5 V and increase the separation

Charges increase positive negative

downward

1.5V

0.44pF

positive negative

downward

1.5V

0.09pF

Charges decrease

Capacitor Lab-Basics

Discharging capacitor Method: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Click on the bulb from the bottom of the screen. Make sure the capacitor is connected to the battery and its voltage is 1.5V. Connect the voltmeter across the capacitor. All the parameters must be selected as shown below:

5. Disconnect the charged capacitor from battery and connect it across the bulb and record your observations in the table below: What happens to the following?

Increases/Decreases /stays constant Charge on the plate charge decreases Potential difference across the capacitor decreases Capacitance stays constant Energy stored in capacitor decreases Glow of the bulb decreases

Conclusion: 1. How can we charge a capacitor? We can charge a capacitor by connecting it to the battery. Through this, the charges from the battery are stored in the capacitor. 2. How can we discharge a capacitor? We can discharge a capacitor by connecting it to a bulb. The charges from the capacitor transfers to the bulb which makes it glow. 3. What are the ways to increasing the capacitance of a capacitor? To increase the capacitance of a capacitor, the area of the plate must be increased and the space between the two plates must be decreased. 4. What would be the potential difference of the capacitor if it is connected to a battery of 3V? The potential difference of the capacitor would be 3V also. 5. On increasing the voltage of the battery what happens to the charge on the plates of the capacitor?

The charge on the plates also increase.