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• Muhammad Zeeshan

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Introduction to

SMARTFORMS

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Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION PURPOSE OF THIS INTRODUCTION…………………………………………. WHO WILL BENEFIT………………………………………………………. PREREQUISITES…………………………………………………………… REFRESHER ON SAPSCRIPT………………………………………………… SMART FORMS: WHAT IS IT?……………………………………………… SMARTFORMS VS SAP SCRIPT…………………………………………… MAIN ADVANTAGES OF SMART FORMS…………………………………… FEATURES INTRODUCED BY SAP IN SMART FORMS………………………… ARCHITECTURE OF SAP SMARTFORM……………………………………… HANDS ON SCREEN SEQUENCE SMARTFORMS……………….……………………………………………. PAGE AND WINDOWS……………………………………………………… SMARTSTYLE……………………………………………………………… TEMPLATE………………………………………………………………… CONFIG SETTING…………………………………………………………... REFRESHER ON SMARTFORMS : SUMMARY………………………………

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3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 7 12 28 38 54 58

Introduction Purpose of this Introduction This introduction is intended to allow a quick entry into the work with the Smart Forms. SAP introduced SmartForms in 1998 to overcome the limitations in SAP Scripts. This document would help a beginner to start from scratch and generate his own Smart Forms. There is a self help screen sequence to guide the beginners to create Smartforms of their own and gain confidence Who will benefit All SAP users. Most of the new projects would be using this technology. Clients would increasingly demand smartforms to be used rather than sapscript. Prerequisites The user should know SAP Script. In this document I would briefly compare SAP script with SAP SMART Forms, highlighting the prominent features before moving on to how to work with SMART Forms, which is our focus. Refresher on SAP Script

SAP Script is SAP text management and form printing tool. By this we make an output look beautiful which is cumbersome to do by a report program. SAPscript consists of the following components: An editor for entering and editing text Styles and forms for designing the print layout A composer, which is the central module for output formatting A programming interface for integrating SAPscript components in your own application programs and programming the output using forms Various database tables for storing texts, styles and forms

NOTE

WE WE can can insert insert picture picture or or Logo Logo (Company (Company Logo) Logo) in in the the output, output, which which is is not not possible possible by by report report program. program.

Smart Forms: What is it? We use SAP Smart Forms to create and maintain forms for mass printing in SAP Systems. SmartForms are easier to develop, maintain and transport than SAP Script. As output medium SAP Smart Forms support a printer, a fax, e-mail, or the Internet (by using the generated XML output).In addition to the tool, SAP delivers a selection of forms for central business processes like forms in the applications SD,FI, HR and CRM of the R/3 Release. Page 3 of 61

SmartForms Vs SAP Script Multiple page formats are possible in smartforms which is not the case in SAPScripts It is possible to have a smartform without a main window. Labels cannot be created in smartforms. Routines can be written in smartforms tool. Smartforms generates a function module when activated. Main Advantages of Smart Forms: SAP Smart Forms offer the following advantages: Creating and maintaining forms requiring half the time Adapting forms without any programming knowledge due to entirely graphical user interface Web Publishing using the generated XML output The SAP Smart Forms has replaced the SAPscript forms. SAPscript forms will also be supported in the future; you can use them without making any changes for years to come. You can use SAPscript texts in the Smart Forms. Migration of SAPscript forms into Smart Forms is supported. Features introduced by SAP in Smart Forms: The smart forms allow the user to execute simple modifications to the form and in the form logic by using simple graphical tools. To print a form the user will need a program for the data retrieval and a smart form that contains the entire form logic. As these two are separate we should adapt the smart form if changes to the form logic is necessary. The application program passes the data via a function module interface to the smart form. When activating the smart form the system automatically generates the function module and at the runtime process this. The user designs the form using the graphical form painter and the graphical table painter. The form logic is represented by the hierarchical structure that consists of individual nodes, such as nodes for global settings, nodes for texts, nodes for output tables or nodes for graphics. To make any changes we have to use the Drag&Drop, Cut&Paste. These actions do not include writing of coding lines or using a script language. For web publishing, the system provides a generated XML output of the processed form. We can insert static and dynamic tables. These include the line feeds in the individual table cells, triggering events for table headings and subtotals and sorting data before output. The smart forms allow the user to include graphics, which can be displayed as a part of the form or as background graphics. During printout the user can suppress the background graphic as and when necessary. The smart forms also supports the postage optimizing.

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Architecture of SAP Smart Form : Schematic Flow Data Retrieval

SMART SMART FORM FORM

APPLICATION PROGRAM Activat e

Database Selection

Function Module Call ABAP FUNCTION MODULE Later Selection

Database Form Description

OUTPUT OUTPUT (Printer) (Printer)

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In a smart form we describe: The layout of the form (element positions on a page). Individual elements to be displayed, for ex: text, graphics, addresses, tables etc., The form logic, for example to read the application data from internal tables, to introduce conditions and to control the process flows. A form interface to transfer the application data to form definition. When a smart form is activated , the system generates a function module that encapsulates all the attributes of the smart form. As soon as the application program calls the function module, the smart form uses the module interface to transfer any table data previously selected and to print the form according to the form description. All these will become clearer once we go through the self help screen sequence in the subsequent pages.

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Hands on Guide: This is a self-help guide lucidly illustrated with tips, meant for beginners. We first go to SAP Menu: The path is SAP Menu  Tools  Form Printout  Smart Forms The transaction code (T code): Smart Forms

click

Lets use forms starting with ‘BC’ as SAP has created these for training purposes.

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Let’s use BC470_FLOWS to demonstrate the various elements of Smart Forms.

click

We now arrive at the Display Form screen, which is divided, into 3 main sections: Navigation window, Form painter and Maintenance window. We will discuss each of these in detail



Navigation window consist of nodes and sub nodes. They contain all the elements (text, window etc) that belong to sap forms. Page 8 of 61

 

Maintenance window shows attributes of the elements Form printer window shows the layout of the page.

Global setting is at the form level. You can access these from anywhere in the smart form You can change the language by changing this field in Form Attribute: this will change the text language (but not the layout).

NOTE

SAPscript SAPscript does does not not allow allow changing changing the the language. language. SAP SAP FORMS FORMS gives gives the the user user this this option. option. Also Also whenever whenever we we create create smart smart forms, forms, SAP SAP creates/generates creates/generates aa function function module. module.

Form interface tells us what are the import and export parameters, exceptions, tables etc that we pass to the function module. These we can add but we cannot change/modify the default values Page 9 of 61

Lets add a Global Database for practice. I have created NUMC_DATE through TYPES

new type created in TYPES

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Global definition is what we define in smart form. We can define our own variable, constants etc. that we can access in the code that we write. Here we would use we of the types, which we have defined earlier (char_fifteen) to declare ‘CLERK’. What we created in ‘Types’ is being used to declare a variable.

Diff between TYPE and TYPES TYPES: What we create: char, constants etc. TYPE is used to choose from standard SAP data type Page 11 of 61

Pages and Windows In smart form, page is at the highest level: SAP processes the first page, next page and then Terms General Terms and Conditions…if u wish to change the order, just drag and drop the sequence.

1 OF 10 ETC

initialize or increase counter Page 12 of 61

Conditional break…next page of next page become ‘term’ page (SAP stops processing / execution of this page)

U can define print mode globally for all the pages instead of declaring this at each page

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Now lets create our own smart form Let’s copy a standard smart form [BC470_FLOWS]of SAP and create ZBC470_FLOWS_AVID. Then we would play around with its different elements.

Lets create a new page in our object.

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This is the page we created. Lets name it as ‘Test1’.

I have changed the sequence by dragging and drop. Now Test1 appears before the First Page.

NOTE

Printing Printing will will take take place place on on the the basis basis of of ‘next ‘next page’ page’field. field. Page 15the of sequence 61 But processing will happen as per in navigation But processing will happen as per the sequence in navigation window! window!

For background picture and graphics you can pick up either black and white or color bitmap images and are stored in the form of standard texts. We take a detour from the smartform screen and open Form Graphics screen. Transaction code: Se78

Now lets go back to the main screen ……Background Pic

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Here there are 3 options : Black and white, color and dynamic bitmap pictures. We name the background picture and choose the determine dynamically option.

Note: Runtime color …….use the field with ampersand. Page 17 of 61

Now after the Page, we create a new Window. There will be output options, attributes and conditions in each window.

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Cannot use main in this field because SAP creates Main by default and doesn’t allow main as name.

Difference in Main and Secondary Windows in a Form

NOTE

We We cannot cannot have have more more than than 11 main main window window in in aa page. page. We We can can have have multiple multiple secondary windows secondary windows Whatever Whatever uu print print in in secondary secondary window…it window…it has has to to be be static. static. (If (If uu have have 20 20 lines lines in in aa PO PO and and there there is is page page constraint constraint the the lines lines get get carried carried forward forward to to next next page page in in the the main main window. window. i.e. i.e. In In aa predecessor predecessor and and successor successor type type of of content, content, they they will will be be printed printed in in sequence sequence in in main main window. window. This This is is not not allowed allowed in in Secondary Secondary windows. windows.

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You can have only we main page which u can stretch to multiple pages (you can copy and stretch it) but you can have multiple secondary windows.

Inside the main window we can add text as introduction to customize the form output. In Smart Form what you see is what you get.

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In the output, we have the option of sizing and positioning the main window along with different shading and color choices.

We can have conditions….to be executed at run time We take an example to illustrate this. Page 21 of 61

By default this will be AND.

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NOTE

Some Some practical practical examples examples of of conditions conditions in in aa window window in in Form Form could could be be that, that, on on the the first page, we want the Company Logo and address of customer but on first page, we want the Company Logo and address of customer but on subsequent subsequent pages pages we we don’t don’t want want customer customer address. address. Similarly Similarly we we may may wish wish to to have have signature signature only only at at the the last last page. page. Appropriate Appropriate conditions/flow conditions/flow logic logic can can be be inserted inserted here here to to take take care care of of these these situations. situations. We We can can give give flow flow logic logic for for both both main main and and secondary secondary windows. windows.

Now we come to the last part of the Pages and Window Section i.e. the Address element. Note: CAM = Central Address Management e.g. Based on the country, we may take country specific format (e.g. in US the ZIP code is must, while in India it is not a mandatory field.)

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Lets create a new address. It can be of 4 types: Personal, Official, Organization address or it may be determined during runtime based on the selection parameter (Dynamically determined).

U need to find address number only and everything else will be populated The attributes could be of 3 types: Text element, Include Text and Text module

We would then fill up text name: static or dynamic, text object (e.g. TEXT) and text id (e.g. ADRS)

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We then number the pages in the footer space provided

and write our code as text element.

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we can use the System Fields in Data Dictionary table SFSY compwents while writing the logic for Smartform

Lets add a new text element ‘TXT1’ choosing appropiate paragraph and character formats.

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We can have our own smart style : paragraph as well as character formats. Lets check out a standard style before creating our own!

The header data in each smart style allows us to configure font size, line and character spacing.

SAP provides different paragraph formats for standard, header and footer, centered and totals. Page 27 of 61

Lets create a paragraph AV (which is deleted after the exercise).

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Now it comes in the form as the menu of Paragraph Formats in the SAP Smart Form.

Note : AV has come in the menu. Alignment is as per the paragraph format AV.

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NOTE

The The newly newly created created paragraph paragraph font font (e.g. (e.g. AV) AV) won’t won’t be be part part of of global global settings. settings. If If we change the form attribute - output options-- and style to some other we change the form attribute - output options-- and style to some other style style (like (like from from BC470 BC470 to to BC BC 470_STYLS) 470_STYLS) this this option option would would no no longer longer be be there. there.

Lets create a new style (ZBC470_avi) with 2 paragraph formats and we character format

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Now I mention in form attribute my own style

I check out my output in the next page form.

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When you create a table, SAP automatically creates 3 areas: Header, Main and Footer. In Main Area, there are many cells, which are processed record by record.

Click

In Main Area, we create different cells. In Table painter, we draw the format as per client requirement (e.g. Heading, Sub Heading, Item, Sub Total, Grand Total etc.) We use the table layout to determine:  The number of lines and cells  The height of each line  The width of each cell  The alignment of the table in the window  Whether and where to display separator lines or frames We can either draw the table by visual aid or we can click on details button and set the area allotted to each cell by filling in the measurements.

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Click

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In Data Painter, we can process the data before displaying it in SMARTFORM. SAP provides us with the option of putting some basic logic. E.g. Loop, Where condition, Option of Row-by-Row selection, Sort Condition, At the end of table processing: Events (provided by SAP).

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For easy navigation and access, SMARTFORM provides Field List option. We can activate that by Utilities- Field List on/off.

We can put conditions/logic by putting ABAP code inside ‘bookings’ main area, Program Lines. Here we first declare the input and output parameters.

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Here we put the text element as per paragraph and character format. We may have a text which is determined during run time (dynamic).

Now lets create our own table. Here we can put logic as per client requirement.

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NOTE

TEMPLATE: TEMPLATE: Template Template is is used used when when we we know know the the exact exact size size of of the the output output or or the the output output is is in in aa fixed fixed format. format. E.g. E.g. Tax Tax form/ form/ cheques cheques /airline /airline form/railway form/railway ticket: ticket: all all these these use use templates. templates. Diff Diff between between table table and and template: template: In In Table Table the the height height changes changes dynamically. dynamically. We call a row a ‘line’ in template. We call a row a ‘line’ in template.

Whenever you wish to write your code in SAP Smartform, you have to create the proper flow logic. We use ‘command’ to code any conditions for going to the next page

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This is to terminate the current page and start processing the new page.

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In Smartform, We can process our own logic. We can call some table, select some data do standard data manipulations through this. In navigation wndow, First Page-- Main Window -- Create -- Flow Logic -- Program line. But it is advisable not to write programs here as it slows down the process. It is advisable to write the code in print program.

This is very similar to table. If you wish to dynamically determine the output, we can loop at internal table

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Flow Logic: Alternative: In this we can embed ‘If - else’ kind of logic.

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If what we type here is True then it will get processed under the True button. We next explore another feature of Smartform: Folder

Folder is used to modularize the navigation; it has nothing to do with technical thing. The order you mention in the folder is the order that SAP will process. Page 41 of 61

There is an option given in Smartforms. We can migrate old SAPscripts to smartforms. Note: We should check the text elements and make sure the flow logic works in the new format.

Here I am migrating a previously created SAP script to Smartform.

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In Function Module screen, (se37)

To get the function module name, after saving and activating the form, go to Environment – function module name. This function module name has to be given in the main program to call the form. Else go to function module SSF_FUNCTION_MODULE_NAME and give the name of the program.

In In the the print print program program mentiwed mentiwed below, below, populating populating certain certain fields fields from from database database tables tables into into itit creates creates an an output internal table. Once the output internal table is ready, then the function module output internal table. Once the output internal table is ready, then the function module SSF_FUNCTION_MODULE_NAME SSF_FUNCTION_MODULE_NAME is is called. called. Here, Here, in in the the import import parameters, parameters, the the name name of of the the smart smart form is given. The output of this function module is the name of another function module. form is given. The output of this function module is the name of another function module. This This function function module module is is again again called, called, in in this this example, example, the the name name of of the the function function module module is is "/1BCDWB/SF00000007”. "/1BCDWB/SF00000007”. So, So, in in case case of of smart smart forms, forms, we we use use 22 function function modules modules for for the the processing processing of of the the smart smart form. form. Once Once this this internal internal table table is is thrown thrown from from the the smart smart form, form, then then in in the the layout, layout, the the required required fields fields can can be be displayed. displayed. CALL CALL FUNCTION FUNCTION 'SSF_FUNCTION_MODULE_NAME' 'SSF_FUNCTION_MODULE_NAME' CALL CALL FUNCTION FUNCTION '/1BCDWB/SF00000007' '/1BCDWB/SF00000007'

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we have to mention this name (of function module) in the print program.

Supposing we want to print a Purchase Order: We need to have a print program and a smart form name to be given in the customizing settings. Also in the print program, we call the function name we got from above. Let’s check out the print program SAPBC470_PROGS.

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In this program we have the SSF_FUNCTION_MODULE_NAME. We execute the program.

This calls the SAP Smart form. We are checking the output in Monocolour.

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This is the way our smart form looks.

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SE37: We use the just created function module. /1BCDWB/SF00000007. We execute this.

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CHECK PRINT PREVIEW

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We can set the background of the output as any file stored in our hard disk. We can call a graphics from desktop or any other pic stored in the hard disk. Transaction code: SE78

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Now let us delve in to configuration settings to modify our smartform as per requirement. Creating output type and assigning smart form name in spro Spro –> materials mgt –> purchasing —> messages —> output control –> message types –> define message types for Purchase order.

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We can create our own message type. We can define various options like transmission medium here like Print, Fax, EDI etc.

Select we output type and double click on processing routine to get the following screen. It will execute the print program as soon as we call ‘neu’ message type. In the above screen, we can mention the name of the smart form for that output type. Once this is dwe we can mention the output type in the purchase order Page 52 of 61

me22n: Lets take an existing P.O.

Click

The Output is defined here in P.O.

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Refresher on SMART FORMS What we have discussed thus far, I will try to sum up: Smart forms is very similar to SAP scripts. This is also a tool, which is extensively used to create layouts, and then a separate print program is created. This print program is used to create the output internal table, which in turn is thrown to the smart form where the field values are displayed. SAP Smartforms can be used for creating and maintaining forms for mass printing in SAP Systems. The output medium for Smartforms support printer, fax, e-mail, or the Internet (by using the generated XML output). These are the steps to create your own smartform: 1. Create a new smartforms Transaction code SMARTFORMS Create new smartforms call ZSMART 2. Define looping process for internal table Pages and windows First Page -> Header Window (Cursor at First Page then click Edit -> Node -> Create) Here, you can specify your title and page numbering &SFSY-PAGE& (Page 1) of &SFSY-FORMPAGES(Z4.0)& (Total Page) Main windows -> TABLE -> DATA In the Loop section, tick Internal table and fill in ITAB1 (table in ABAP SMARTFORM calling function) INTO ITAB2 3. Define table in smartforms Global settings : Form interface Variable name Type assignment Reference type ITAB1 TYPE Table Structure Global definitions Variable name Type assignment Reference type ITAB2 TYPE Table Structure 4. To display the data in the form Make used of the Table Painter and declare the Line Type in Tabstrips Table e.g. HD_GEN for printing header details, IT_GEN for printing data details. You have to specify the Line Type in your Text elements in the Tabstrips Output options. Tick the New Line and specify the Line Type for outputting the data. Declare your output fields in Text elements Tabstrips - Output Options For different fonts use this Style : IDWTCERTSTYLE For Quantity or Amout you can used this variable &GS_ITAB-AMOUNT(12.2)& 5. Calling SMARTFORMS from your ABAP program Page 55 of 61

REPORT ZSMARTFORM. * Calling SMARTFORMS from your ABAP program. * Collecting all the table data in your program, and pass once to SMARTFORMS * SMARTFORMS * Declare your table type in :* Global Settings -> Form Interface * Global Definintions -> Global Data * Main Window -> Table -> DATA * * Written by : SAP Hints and Tips on Configuration and ABAP/4 Programming * http://sapr3.tripod.com * TABLES: MKPF. DATA: FM_NAME TYPE RS38L_FNAM. DATA: BEGIN OF INT_MKPF OCCURS 0. INCLUDE STRUCTURE MKPF. DATA: END OF INT_MKPF. SELECT-OPTIONS S_MBLNR FOR MKPF-MBLNR MEMORY ID 001. SELECT * FROM MKPF WHERE MBLNR IN S_MBLNR. MOVE-CORRESPONDING MKPF TO INT_MKPF. APPEND INT_MKPF. ENDSELECT. * At the end of your program. * Passing data to SMARTFORMS call function 'SSF_FUNCTION_MODULE_NAME' exporting formname = 'ZSMARTFORM' * VARIANT ='' * DIRECT_CALL ='' IMPORTING FM_NAME = FM_NAME EXCEPTIONS NO_FORM =1 NO_FUNCTION_MODULE =2 OTHERS = 3. if sy-subrc 0. WRITE: / 'ERROR 1'. * MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO * WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4. endif. call function FM_NAME * EXPORTING * ARCHIVE_INDEX = * ARCHIVE_INDEX_TAB = * ARCHIVE_PARAMETERS = * CONTROL_PARAMETERS = * MAIL_APPL_OBJ = * MAIL_RECIPIENT = * MAIL_SENDER = * OUTPUT_OPTIONS = * USER_SETTINGS = 'X' Page 56 of 61

* IMPORTING * DOCUMENT_OUTPUT_INFO = * JOB_OUTPUT_INFO = * JOB_OUTPUT_OPTIONS = TABLES GS_MKPF = INT_MKPF EXCEPTIONS FORMATTING_ERROR =1 INTERNAL_ERROR =2 SEND_ERROR =3 USER_CANCELED =4 OTHERS = 5. if sy-subrc 0. MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4. endif. Additional Fonts for your SMARTFORMS You can create additional fonts and style with transaction SMARTSTYLES This can then be define in the paragraph and character formats, which you can then be assign to texts and fields in the Smart Form. The character formats includes effects such as superscript, subscript, barcode and font attributes. Various Utilities and their functions in Smartforms Creating Forms Using SAP Smart Forms When creating a form we must: Retrieve the application data Describe the form Pass the application data to the form Retrieving the application data: Write an ABAP program to retrieve data or include a retrieval routine into the application. This code consists of statements that select data from databases according to certain selection criteria. Store the retrieved data in internal tables, structures or variables and transfer it to the form in we step . Describing the Form: The user defines the form using a smart form. Use the tools of the form builder as listed below: Use the form painter to position the windows, graphics and addresses on a page. Use the PC editor to write the texts. Use the table painter to format the tables. The flow control is used to print the pages and elements. Form Logic In the form builder we can describe a smart form by a set of nodes. To do this, we can build up a tree structure on the left side of the user interface. The node global settings and its three successors form attributes, form interface and global definitions always exists for any newly created forms. To describe the form logic, create the hierarchy under the node pages and windows. The following rules apply to control the flow of the form output. The nodes in the tree structure are processed from top to bottom. Page 57 of 61

For each node there is a tab, this can be used to link the node to a condition. If the condition is true, the system processes the node. If not, it skips the node and all its successors. We should define a next page for each page. Graphical User Interface The basic ABAP programming skills are required only in special cases like calling a function module or for complex and extensive conditions. The SAP form builder of the smart form consists of: Form painter for creating the layout of the form PC Editor for entering texts and fields into output areas Navigation free for maintaining the form logic Table painter for creating templates and tables Form check To define the text formats, we can use the Smart Styles. The Form Painter: The form painter offers the following functions: Design area with ruler, cursor with help lines, and he grid and main grid. Display of the cursor position in the ruler, which can be suppressed and set. Two level grid with engage function which can be customized. When creating, changing and moving a window, the window size appears in the ruler. Detachable toolbar containing the most important functions. Autoscrolling when moving windows, placing windows in the background. Zoom factors that can be set to any value and autozooming of the design area to the window size. Sensitive context menu. Placing a scanned graphic into the background of the design area. The PC Editor: The pc editor offers the following functions: Enter, delete, select, cut and copy texts. Assign paragraph and character formats. Include, change and delete fields. The Table Painter: The table painter offers the following functions: Drawing lines and columns Inserting , cutting , copying and deleting lines Deleting cells Changing cell size and moving cell separator lines Splitting cells Selecting table patterns Style builder: On the left of the style builder screen consists of the predetermined nodes (header data, folder for paragraph formats, folder for character formats). On the right we can see the maintenance screen with its tab pages. At the bottom the preview of the selected font can be viewed. Field list and Error list: The field list displays the following data in the form a tree structure: Page 58 of 61

All tables, fields and structures passed via the form interface. System fields and the fields that are defined in the global definitions. This allows we to check whether a correct field name has been entered or not and that the form knows the field or not. To display the field list, in the form builder choose field list On/Off. The error list contains the list of errors and warnings displayed at the bottom of the maintenance screen. Node types: When a form is created, the tree structure of the form painter contains two root nodes. The successors of the global settings node are used to maintain form attributes, the form interface and global definitions. The successors of the pages and windows node to create the pages of the form, position elements on these pages, and determine the sequence on how to process these created elements. Basic elements of a form Creating pages: Each form consists of we or more pages. The first page in the tree structure is the start page and the processing of the form starts with this page itself. Open the context menu for existing page node and choose createpage Enter a unique name for the node and a description Determine the format and the mode of the page counter on the general attributes tab Determine the print attributes of the page on the output options Determine a background graphic for the entire page on the background tab Creating windows: We can set the size and position of the window graphically in the form painter. There are main windows and subwindows. The difference between these two is that the output in a main window can cover several pages. Open the context menu for an existing page node and choosewindow Enter a name for the node and a description On the general attributes indicate whether the window is a main window. If sub window wants to be created then leave the checkbox empty Positioning texts on the form The texts are displayed in the form using text nodes. The only exceptions are addresses. This uses its own node. The predecessor node of the text node determines its use: Predecessor node Used to Sub window [Position text on we or more pages] Main window [Display text in relation to other nodes in the main window, it may cover several pages] Template [Displays texts for table cells of a static table] Table [Display table contents] Header and footer [Display column headings and grand totals in tables] Event node [Display subtotals in a table] There are three text types: Text element : to enter new text in the PC editor Text module : to include a text module Include text : to include an existing SAPscript text Page 59 of 61

Entering texts in PC editor: To create a text node call the context menu for that node in the tree structure that should receive the text, then choose->text Enter a unique name for the node and the node description On the general attributes tab choose text element as text type Enter the text in the PC editor In the text node box choose whether the text should be started with a new paragraph or only in a new line Including text modules: Text module of the text node is used to refer to an existing text module in the system. The text modules can be used in two ways: Refer to the text module. The text then appears read-only in the PC editor and is included when the form is printed. Copy the text module. The system then copies the text of the module and automatically converts the text node into an editable text element. To create a text node , call the context menu for that node in the tree structure that shall contain the text and choose create->text Enter a unique name for the node and a description On the general attributes tab select the text type text module Enter the name of the text module in the text name field Including SAPscript texts: We can use the text type include text node to refer to a SAPscript text that already exists in the system. To identify the text the text name, object, id and the language is needed. To create the text node call the context menu for that node in the tree structure that shall receive the text and choose create -> text Enter a unique name for the node and the node description On the general attributes tab choose include text as text type Inserting addresses: We can use the address node to insert an address into the form. This guarantees that the address is formatted according to the postal rules of the sender country. To create an address node , call the context menu for that node in the tree structure that we wants to contain the text and choose create->text Enter a name for the node and a description Determine the address type on the general attributes tab For organizational addresses we have to specify the address number, for any other we have to specify the person number and the address number In the box additional addresses we can maintain other attributes to specify how to display the address Printing graphics: Goto tcode se78 to import graphics into the SAP system. The transaction imports the graphics and stores it in the BDS (business transaction server) and then it can be displayed in the form. To create the graphic node , call the context menu for that node in the tree structure and choose create->graphic Enter a name for the node and the description On the general attributes determine whether a colored or a black and white Use the fields object , id and name to identify the graphic Displaying a static table Page 60 of 61

Use node type template to display a table whose layout and size is determined before the runtime of the print program. To create a template define a table layout to determine the cell structure for each line. The cells are used to display the cell structure for each line. The cells are used to display the contents of the successor nodes of the template node. This allows us to position text and a graphic side by side. The template node is also used for label printing. To use a template we must do the following: Define the table layout Display the contents in the table cells Define the table layout: The table layout is used to determine the following, The number of lines and cells The height of each cell The width of each cell The alignment of the table in the window Whether and where to display separator lines or frames Create a template node and maintain the attributes width, horizontal alignment and vertical alignment. Use the table control on the template tab to define the layout of the lines. Each line of the template must have a definition. Use the pattern box to select the desired table pattern. Displaying contents in cells: The template node defines the table layout. The successor nodes of the template determine the data to be displayed in the table cells. Combining nodes: The more extensive the form becomes, the lesser clear becomes the node hierarchy in the tree structure. To avoid this we can combine the related nodes by appending them under a folder node. llet" style="margin-left:1.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo23; tab-stops:list 1.75in"> The width of each cell The alignment of the table in the window Whether and where to display separator lines or frames Create a template node and maintain the attributes width, horizontal alignment and vertical alignment. Use the table control on the template tab to define the layout of the lines. Each line of the template must have a definition. Use the pattern box to select the desired table pattern. Displaying contents in cells: The template node defines the table layout. The successor nodes of the template determine the data to be displayed in the table cells. Combining nodes: The more extensive the form becomes, the lesser clear becomes the node hierarchy in the tree structure. To avoid this we can combine the related nodes by appending them under a folder node.

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