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7708d_covers_02-06

8/27/01

11:39 AM

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■ TA B L E

1.3 Conversion Factors from BG and EE Units to SI Unitsa

Acceleration Area Density Energy Force Length

Mass Power Pressure

Specific weight Temperature Velocity Viscosity (dynamic) Viscosity (kinematic) Volume flowrate a

To Convert from

to

Multiply by

fts2 ft2 lbmft3 slugs ft3 Btu ft  lb lb ft in. mile lbm slug ft  lbs hp in. Hg 160 °F2 lbft2 1psf2 lbin.2 1psi2 lbft3 °F °R fts mihr 1mph2 lb  sft2 ft2 s ft3 s galmin 1gpm2

ms2 m2 kgm3 kgm3 J J N m m m kg kg W W Nm2 Nm2 Nm2 Nm3 °C K ms ms N  sm2 m2s m3s m3s

3.048 E  1 9.290 E  2 1.602 E  1 5.154 E  2 1.055 E  3 1.356 4.448 3.048 E  1 2.540 E  2 1.609 E  3 4.536 E  1 1.459 E  1 1.356 7.457 E  2 3.377 E  3 4.788 E  1 6.895 E  3 1.571 E  2 TC  15921TF  32°2 5.556 E  1 3.048 E  1 4.470 E  1 4.788 E  1 9.290 E  2 2.832 E  2 6.309 E  5

If more than four-place accuracy is desired, refer to Appendix A.

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■ TA B L E

1.4 Conversion Factors from SI Units to BG and EE Unitsa

Acceleration Area Density Energy Force Length

Mass Power Pressure

Specific weight Temperature Velocity Viscosity (dynamic) Viscosity (kinematic) Volume flowrate a

To Convert from

to

Multiply by

ms2 m2 kgm3 kgm3 J J N m m m kg kg W W Nm2 Nm2 Nm2 Nm3 °C K ms ms N  sm2 m2s m3s m3s

fts2 ft2 lbmft3 slugsft3 Btu ft  lb lb ft in. mile lbm slug ft  lbs hp in. Hg 160 °F2 lbft2 1psf2 lbin.2 1psi2 lbft3 °F °R fts mihr 1mph2 lb  sft2 ft2 s ft3 s galmin 1gpm2

3.281 1.076 E  1 6.243 E  2 1.940 E  3 9.478 E  4 7.376 E  1 2.248 E  1 3.281 3.937 E  1 6.214 E  4 2.205 6.852 E  2 7.376 E  1 1.341 E  3 2.961 E  4 2.089 E  2 1.450 E  4 6.366 E  3 TF  1.8 TC  32° 1.800 3.281 2.237 2.089 E  2 1.076 E  1 3.531 E  1 1.585 E  4

If more than four-place accuracy is desired, refer to Appendix A.

7708d_covers_02-06

■ TA B L E

1.5 Approximate Physical Properties of Some Common Liquids (BG Units) Kinematic Viscosity,

Surface Tension,a

Vapor Pressure,

Bulk Modulus,b

pv [lbin.2 (abs)]

Ev (lbin.2)

E0 E1 E0 E6 E5 — 2.26 E  1 2.26 E  1

1.91 E  5 1.54 E  5 1.9 E  5 6.56 E  5 4.14 E  6 2.2 E  5 3.39 E  5 3.12 E  5

Liquid

Temperature (F)

R (slugsft3)

G (lbft3)

M (lb  sft2)

N (ft2s)

S (lbft)

Carbon tetrachloride Ethyl alcohol Gasolinec Glycerin Mercury SAE 30 oilc Seawater Water

68 68 60 68 68 60 60 60

3.09 1.53 1.32 2.44 26.3 1.77 1.99 1.94

99.5 49.3 42.5 78.6 847 57.0 64.0 62.4

2.00 E  5 2.49 E  5 6.5 E  6 3.13 E  2 3.28 E  5 8.0 E  3 2.51 E  5 2.34 E  5

6.47 E  6 1.63 E  5 4.9 E  6 1.28 E  2 1.25 E  6 4.5 E  3 1.26 E  5 1.21 E  5

1.84 E  3 1.56 E  3 1.5 E  3 4.34 E  3 3.19 E  2 2.5 E  3 5.03 E  3 5.03 E  3

1.9 8.5 8.0 2.0 2.3

a

In contact with air. Isentropic bulk modulus calculated from speed of sound. c Typical values. Properties of petroleum products vary. b

■ TA B L E

1.6 Approximate Physical Properties of Some Common Liquids (SI Units)

Liquid

Temperature (C)

Density, R (kgm3)

Carbon tetrachloride Ethyl alcohol Gasolinec Glycerin Mercury SAE 30 oilc Seawater Water

20 20 15.6 20 20 15.6 15.6 15.6

1,590 789 680 1,260 13,600 912 1,030 999

a

In contact with air. Isentropic bulk modulus calculated from speed of sound. c Typical values. Properties of petroleum products vary. b

Specific Weight, G (kNm3)

Dynamic Viscosity, M (N  sm2)

Kinematic Viscosity, N (m2 s)

Surface Tension,a S (Nm)

15.6 7.74 6.67 12.4 133 8.95 10.1 9.80

9.58 E  4 1.19 E  3 3.1 E  4 1.50 E  0 1.57 E  3 3.8 E  1 1.20 E  3 1.12 E  3

6.03 E  7 1.51 E  6 4.6 E  7 1.19 E  3 1.15 E  7 4.2 E  4 1.17 E  6 1.12 E  6

2.69 E  2 2.28 E  2 2.2 E  2 6.33 E  2 4.66 E  1 3.6 E  2 7.34 E  2 7.34 E  2

Vapor Pressure, pv [Nm2 (abs)]

Bulk Modulus,b Ev (Nm2)

E4 E3 E4 E2 E1 — 1.77 E  3 1.77 E  3

1.31 E  9 1.06 E  9 1.3 E  9 4.52 E  9 2.85 E  10 1.5 E  9 2.34 E  9 2.15 E  9

1.3 5.9 5.5 1.4 1.6

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Dynamic Viscosity,

11:39 AM

Specific Weight,

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Density,

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■ TA B L E

Dynamic Viscosity, M (lb  sft2)

Kinematic Viscosity, N (ft2 s)

Gas Constant,a R (ft  lbslug  R)

Specific Heat Ratio,b k

Air (standard) Carbon dioxide Helium Hydrogen Methane (natural gas) Nitrogen Oxygen

59 68 68 68 68 68 68

2.38 E  3 3.55 E  3 3.23 E  4 1.63 E  4 1.29 E  3 2.26 E  3 2.58 E  3

7.65 E  2 1.14 E  1 1.04 E  2 5.25 E  3 4.15 E  2 7.28 E  2 8.31 E  2

3.74 E  7 3.07 E  7 4.09 E  7 1.85 E  7 2.29 E  7 3.68 E  7 4.25 E  7

1.57 E  4 8.65 E  5 1.27 E  3 1.13 E  3 1.78 E  4 1.63 E  4 1.65 E  4

1.716 E  3 1.130 E  3 1.242 E  4 2.466 E  4 3.099 E  3 1.775 E  3 1.554 E  3

1.40 1.30 1.66 1.41 1.31 1.40 1.40

a

Values of the gas constant are independent of temperature. Values of the specific heat ratio depend only slightly on temperature.

b

■ TA B L E

1.8 Approximate Physical Properties of Some Common Gases at Standard Atmospheric Pressure (SI Units)

Gas

Temperature (C)

Density, R (kgm3)

Specific Weight, G (Nm3)

Dynamic Viscosity, M (N  sm2)

Kinematic Viscosity, N (m2 s)

Gas Constant,a R (Jkg  K)

Specific Heat Ratio,b k

Air (standard) Carbon dioxide Helium Hydrogen Methane (natural gas) Nitrogen Oxygen

15 20 20 20 20 20 20

1.23 E  0 1.83 E  0 1.66 E  1 8.38 E  2 6.67 E  1 1.16 E  0 1.33 E  0

1.20 E  1 1.80 E  1 1.63 E  0 8.22 E  1 6.54 E  0 1.14 E  1 1.30 E  1

1.79 E  5 1.47 E  5 1.94 E  5 8.84 E  6 1.10 E  5 1.76 E  5 2.04 E  5

1.46 E  5 8.03 E  6 1.15 E  4 1.05 E  4 1.65 E  5 1.52 E  5 1.53 E  5

2.869 E  2 1.889 E  2 2.077 E  3 4.124 E  3 5.183 E  2 2.968 E  2 2.598 E  2

1.40 1.30 1.66 1.41 1.31 1.40 1.40

a

Values of the gas constant are independent of temperature. Values of the specific heat ratio depend only slightly on temperature.

b

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Specific Weight, G (lbft3)

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Gas

Temperature (F)

Density, R (slugsft3)

8/27/01

1.7 Approximate Physical Properties of Some Common Gases at Standard Atmospheric Pressure (BG Units)

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